DNER Architecture Andy Powell UKOLN, University of Bath [email protected] Web of Science...
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Transcript of DNER Architecture Andy Powell UKOLN, University of Bath [email protected] Web of Science...
DNER ArchitectureAndy Powell
UKOLN, University of Bath
www.ukoln.ac.uk
Web of Science Enhancements Committee, Centre Point
5 March 2001
UKOLN is funded by Resource: The Council for Museums, Archives and Libraries, the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) of the Higher and Further Education Funding Councils, as well as by project funding from the JISC and the European Union. UKOLN also receives support from the University of Bath where it is based.
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Contents
• scope• functional model• network systems architecture
•discover• request, access
Scope
What is the DNER?
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Primary Content
Secondary Content
Funded
Institutional
External
Web
pag
es
Museum
s
home pages
thes
es
research papers
OPACs
Institutional gateways
GoogleYahoo
Northern
Light
RDNA&I
imagesFull-text
statistics
Map data
COPAC
Amazon
Public libraries
cour
sew
are
DNER scope by content?
WoS
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but...
• … not a user view• … not an institutional view• user view based on personalised
landscape...• own information foremost• institutional (intranet or VLE)• DNER and external (general Web stuff)
• probably with discipline or subject focus• … difficult to scope DNER by content?
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Information environment• DNER is an information environment (a set of services) that
enables people to access and use a wide variety of resources
• ‘resources’ are…• services / content• local / remote• primary / secondary, data / metadata• digital / physical• JISC funded / not JISC funded• policy controlled / non-policy controlled
• ‘access and use’ includes• discover / locate / access• use / reuse / create• receive / provide / collaborate
Functional Model
What does the DNER do?
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Web Web Web Web Web
Currently...Content(local andremote)
End-user
• end-user has to interact with several different services, each with their own user-interface
• what functional model is supported?
• what can end-user do?
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Functional model• move from user-need to resource
on desktop (physical or digital)• three stage ‘discovery process’• ‘landscape’ and ‘survey’ -
collection level• ‘discover’ and ‘detail’ - item level• iterative process• final ‘detail’ phase provides
information about how to request instance of resource
• ‘detail’ may involve resolving identifier or metadata for resource using ‘resolver’
surveydiscover
authenticatelandscape
detail
requestauthoriseaccess
useResource
useRecord
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DNER information flow
• process is iterative at all stages• DNER not just a ‘provider to user’ flow• users are both recipients of and creators of both
primary content, secondary content and metadata
• DNER architecture needs to support• collaboration and• creation
• …as well as discovery, etc.• current work on architecture doesn’t really
address this.
Network Systems Architecture
How does the DNER do it?
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Web Web Web Web Web
Currently...Content
End-user
Current services offer mix of survey, discover, detail, request, access, useRecord functionality
End-user needs to join services together manually - as well as learning multiple user interfaces
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Joining things together
• build framework for shared services• DNER as coherent whole rather than lots
of stand-alone services• two areas in particular...• discovery
• finding stuff from multiple content providers
• locate/request/deliver• streamlining access
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Discover
• in order to allow end-user to discover seamlessly across several network services...
• services need to expose content for machine use (m2m)
• expose metadata for• searching• harvesting• alerting
• develop services that bring stuff together• portals
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Portals
• portals provide access to multiple network services
• there will be many kinds of portals...• subject portals• data centre portals• institutional portals• personal portals (agents)• virtual learning environments
• thin portals (shallow linking)• thick portals (deep linking, richer discovery and
use functionality)
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Web Web Web Web
Thin portalContent
End-user
Portal
Authentication
Authorisation
Collect’n Desc
HTTP
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Web Web Web Web
SearchingContent
End-user
Portal
Z39.50Bath Profile
Broker
Authentication
Authorisation
Collect’n Desc
Service Desc
HTTP
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Web Web Web Web
SharingContent
End-user
Portal
OpenArchivesInitiative
Aggregator
Authentication
Authorisation
Collect’n Desc
Service Desc
HTTP
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Open Archives Initiative
• OAI Metadata Harvesting Framework• simple mechanism for sharing metadata
records• records shared over HTTP...• ... as XML (using XML Schema)• client can ask metadata server for
• all records• all records modified in last ‘n’ days• info about sets, formats, etc.
• See <http://www.openarchives.org/>
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Web Web Web Web
AlertingContent
End-user
Portal
RSS
Aggregator
Authentication
Authorisation
Collect’n Desc
Service Desc
HTTP
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RSS
• Rich/RDF Site Summary• XML application for syndicated news feeds• pointers and simple descriptions of news
items (not the items themselves)• has been transitioned to more generic
RDF/XML application (RSS 1.0)• no querying - just regular ‘gathering’ of
RSS filehttp://www.ukoln.ac.uk/metadata/rssxpress/
request, access
How does the DNER help us access content?
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Resource identification
• discover phase results in metadata about a resource that may include its identifier or a locator
• for Web resources a URL is common• identifier is persistent• locator also needs to be persistent
• enable lecturers to embed it into learning resources
• enable students to embed it into multimedia essays
• enable people to cite it
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Identifiers/locators
• also need to think about what is identified...?• the resource (e.g. an image)• the resource in context (e.g. image embedded
into VADS page)• metadata about the resource (e.g. description of
image from VADS or subject gateway)
• probably need to identify all of these• need guidelines on good practice for use of
URLs• investigate use of DOIs
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Resolving identifiers
• may need to resolve the metadata, identifier or locator into information about how to request a particular instance of the resource
• ‘locate’ part of detail phase provides resolution using resolvers
• resolvers find appropriate copy• location is context sensitive - need to know
who end-user is, where they are and what they have access to
• may be best carried out locally to end-user?
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OpenURL
• metadata, identifier or locator forms a ‘citation’ for the resource
• OpenURL provides mechanism for encoding citation for a resource as a URL
• OpenURL = baseURL + description
• baseURL provides location of a ‘resolver’
• description is either a global identifier (e.g. a DOI or ISBN) or a description (a citation) or mixture
• http://sfx.bath.ac.uk/sfxmenu?genre=book&isbn=1234-5678
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Locate and identifiers
Discover
Locate
Request
ISBN
ResourceURL
URI DOI
OpenURL or Z39.50 request
Citation/metadata
Discovery services
Web resource Book
Journal issue Article
Delivery service URLor
Resource URL
Locate services(resolvers)
Persistent ‘identifiers’- context independent
Transient ‘locators’- context sensitive
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OpenURL resolver
Content
End-user
Deliveryservice
Authentication
Authorisation
Collect’n Desc
Service Desc Portal OpenURL
HTTPResolver
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DNER shared services
• authentication• authorisation/profiling• collection description• service description• resolution• user preferences• thesauri/terminology• metadata registry• (ratings, terms & conditions)
key
desirable
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sharedservices
portals
content
brokersand
aggregators
Summaryprovision
fusionmiddleware
presentation
m2minterfaces