DNA, the great mystery

Juan Diego Senior Medicine Student

UPB Medellín,Colombia2014

Folding

Folding

IntroductionCell Cycle

DNA Replication

Checkpoints

Correct the problems

Cancer

Cellular defense against fatal associations

between proteins and DNA

Science daily July 3, 2014

“Cellular defense against fatal associations between proteins

and DNA”

DNA is constantly threatened by damage originating from exogenous and endogenous sources. It could modify its structure and functionality.Very special DNA lesions are DNA-protein crosslinks , proteins covalently linked to DNA.

A special class of damage is caused by reactive compounds, such as formaldehyde, which are produced as byproducts of cellular reactions and cause the crosslinking (a formation of a covalent linkage) of proteins to DNA.

“Cellular defense against fatal

associations between proteins and DNA”

Importantly, these so-called DNA-protein crosslinks are also caused by several anti-cancer drugs and are extremely toxic as they interfere with essential processes such as DNA replication.

In the laboratory of Stefan Jentsch at the Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, scientists now identified the protease Wss1 as a new safeguarding factor that chops down the protein components of DNA-protein crosslinks and thereby enables cells to duplicate their genome. So the cells that dont have this kind of protease are more vulnerable to de DNA-protein crosslinks and instability

“Cellular defense against fatal associations between proteins and DNA”

Formaldehyde (COH2), generated in cells or derived from the environment, can crosslink DNA to proteins, which interferes with DNA replication. The newly identified repair protein Wss1 chops down the protein component of DNA-protein crosslinks, thereby enabling cells to complete replication.© MPI of Biochemistry/ S. Jentsch

OBSERVATION“This kind of findings have a

big importance in the medicine today. Because of the cancer or the impairment of the DNA

is a big problem and we should find the cure.”

DNA origami nano-tool provides important

clue to cáncer

Science daily July 7, 2014

DNA origami nano-tool provides important clue to cáncer

It was previously known that the EphA2 receptor played a part in several forms of cancer, such as breast cancer. The ligand, i.e., the protein that communicates with the receptor, is known as an ephrin molecule

DNA origami nano-tool provides important clue to cáncer

The researchers used the method of DNA origami, in which a DNA molecule is shaped into a nanostructure, and used these structures to test theories about cell signalling

DNA origami nano-tool provides important clue to cáncer

Result of the experiment:

It turned out that if the ephrin molecules were placed close together on the DNA rod, the receptor in question became more active in the cancer cells, and the cells also became less invasive in respect of the surrounding cells, which could be an indication that they became less prone to metastasis

OBSERVATION

“Some laboratory techniques improve the posibility to understand the process or some mechanism of specific diseases, like the cancer. So this is the form to identify the cure of a lot of diseases like this”.

Medical Utility

Medical Utility“Cellular defense against fatal associations between proteins and DNA”

We can now use this findings, as base to find in a short future the cure for a lot of diseases that

have a common origin. Of this reason we could repair or control our genetic problems with a so

easy procedure.

“DNA origami nano-tool provides important clue to cáncer”

Medical Utility

Over the years, scientists have designed new highly specialized techniques with which we know the function of many microstructures, both fundamental metabolic processes in certain pathological. Thus we can understand the origin of many disorders and provide a possible solution to the problem

Medical Utility

Through the years we have seen the need to find new solutions to potentially lethal diseases before. For this reason highly qualified scientists have developed multiple techniques that have improved understanding of the pathophysiology of many disorders and a possible cure this, maybe not now, maybe not in a year but if, in a future not too distant

Bibliography• MARTINEZ SANCHEZ, LINA

MARIA. BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR. 7ma Edicion.Medellin. UPB. Facultad de medicina. 2012. Paginas 74-83

• “Cellular defense against fatal associations between proteins and DNA” Science daily. July 3, 2014

• “DNA origami nano-tool provides important clue to cancer” Science daily. July 7, 2014

Thanks!!