DNA Fingerprinting 1.How do we do it ? 2. What do we use it for?
-
Upload
michael-alexander -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of DNA Fingerprinting 1.How do we do it ? 2. What do we use it for?
DNA Fingerprinting
1. How do we do it ?
2. What do we use it for?
DNA Fingerprinting – How it’s done...
1. DNA has two complementary strands
2. Extract DNA from cells – e.g. A blood sample containing white blood
cells
3. Isolate DNA from cells & cut up DNA using enzymes
5. Gene probe made = single strand complementary to part of DNA
A fluorescent marker is added to it
6. Gene probe mixed with DNA sample
Probe binds to complementary base sequence that is being looked for
7. DNA & probe is separated using gel electrophoresis
Smaller fragments travel further through the gel
50 second animation – gel electrophoresishttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PSwlCk_Z02c
8. UV Light shone on sample – locates fragments with fluorescent marker
Smaller fragments travel further through the gel
Uses of DNA Fingerprinting
Uses of DNA Fingerprinting
DNA Fingerprinting
Naked Science video 5 minshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxWXCT9wVoI
Slightly more involved video 6 minshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=fvwp&v=DbR9xMXuK7c
Nanotechnology
1. How small is a nanometre?
2. Size-wise....What could you compare it to?
1. Use particles around 100 nanometres long/wide. About the same size as some molecules.
2. Human hair is 100 thousand nanometres in diameter!
Nanotechnology
1. Silver particles embedded in plastic reduce microbial growth
2. Food wrapping films that change colour e.g. when;
Antibodies react with bacteria in food
Nanoparticles react with oxygen – sign of damage
Ripening fruit release gases
Nanotechnology
1. Used to treat leukaemia – cancer of blood or bone marrow
2. Have potential to treat spinal cord injuries
3. In future, may be used to treat Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, Diabetes.
Stem Cells (B1 & B5)
1. Replace heart valves
Biomedical Engineering
BUPA animation – 3 minshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkW1smPoXKA
1. Artificial pacemakers in heart
Biomedical Engineering
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TjW5-pU0nBs