DNA Extraction activities/extraction

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DNA Extraction http://gslc.genetics.utah .edu/units/activities/ext raction/

Transcript of DNA Extraction activities/extraction

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DNA Extraction

http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/units/activities/extraction/

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MATERIALS

• Dried split peas

• Dishwashing detergent

• Isopropyl alcohol

• Meat tenderizer

• Small cup or beaker

• Spoon

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Start with the peas

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Blend the peas with water and a little salt until you have “pea soup”

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Why do we blend the peas?

• The blender separates the pea CELLS from each other

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Put the strained pea soup in a cup

Add a squirt of dishwashing detergent

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Let the mixture sit for 5 minutes

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What does the detergent do?

• Each pea cell is surrounded by a cell membrane

• DNA is in the nucleus of a cell, which is also surrounded by a membrane

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The membranes must be broken open in order to get the

DNA out of the cell

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Detergent:

• Breaks apart membranes by attaching to the lipids (fats) & proteins in the membranes

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The cell and nuclear membranes have been broken apart,

as well as all of the organelle membranes,such as those around the mitochondria and

chloroplasts.So what is left?

• Proteins • Carbohydrates (sugars) • DNA

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Add a pinch of meat tenderizer to the mixture

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Why?

• Meat tenderizer is an ENZYME– A protein that helps chemical reactions

happen more quickly

• The enzymes in meat tenderizer break apart proteins

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The DNA in the nucleus is surrounded by proteins

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The meat tenderizer cuts away the proteins from the DNA

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Stir very, very GENTLY!

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Tilt your cup & slowly pour a layer of alcohol on top of the pea soup

mixture

• DNA will float up into the alcohol from the pea soup