Dmytro Ostapenko [email protected]
description
Transcript of Dmytro Ostapenko [email protected]
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Presentation outline• Russia’s economic development in the pre-Revolution
period• Bolshevik's economic policies in November 1917-June
1918• Bolshevik's economic policies in June 1918 – March 1921
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http://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist111/BalanceofPower.html
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Little advancement Substantial Improvement
Agriculture Railways
Small-scale industry (5 mil workers)
Large industry (2 mil workers)
Uneven regional development Education and science
How did Russia change over the period of 1861-1917?
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Per Capita GDP ($), 1913
Paul Gregory, Before Command: An Economic History of Russian from Emancipation to the First Five-Year Plan, 1994, p. 19.
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Marx’s five stages of historical development
• 1.Primitive Communism• 2.Slave Society• 3.Feudalism• 4.Capitalism• 5.Socialism (proletarian revolution)• 6.Communism: a classless and stateless society.
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October 1917 – June 1918, attempts to maintain mixed economy. Land decree, November 1917
,
Serov V. Land Decree http://www.mglin-krai.ru/images/Baturko_Ocherk/T19/Dekret_o_Zemle.jpg
Vladimirov, I, Peasants loot landlord’s property http://petroart.ru/art/v/vladimirov/art1.php
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October 1917 – June 1918, attempts to maintain mixed economy. ,
• Decree of workers’ control, November 1917• Decree on the nationalisation of the banks, December
1917• Decree on the VSNKh (Supreme Economic Council of
National Economy), December 1917
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Main causes of the change -
Food shortages in large cities
The effect of the Brest-Litovsk treaty
Civil War
Transport problems
June 1918-March 1921, attempts to maintained a tough control over economy and trade (War Communism) ,
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http://www.answers.com/topic/czech-legion
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War Communism policy
Decree on Prodrazvyorstka, January 1919.
Grain requisitioned by the state
1918/1919 — 1,7 mil tons; 1919/1920 — 3,4; 1920/1921 — 6
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Ivan, Vladimirov, Prodrazvyorstka, http://petroart.ru/art/v/vladimirov/art1.php
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Anatoliy Nasedkin, Prodotryad (Food Squad), http://rushist.clow.ru/4/information/096.html
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War Communism policy
• Decree on the nationalisation of large-scale industry and railways, June 1918
• Banning private trade• Abolition of money as a means of exchange• Militarisation of labour
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Failure of the War Communism?
The State control of all industry and agriculture (though inefficient in many ways) gave the Red Army (3 million men) the supplies it needed, thus helping the Bolsheviks to win the Civil War.