Mobility Management Using Virtual Domain in IPv6-based C ellular Networks
DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems
description
Transcript of DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems
![Page 1: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
DMAP: integrated mobility and service management
in mobile IPv6 systems
Authors: Ing-Ray Chen Weiping He Baoshan GuPresenters: Chia-Shen Lee Xiaochen Ding
![Page 2: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline
Introduction Related Work DMAP Model Numerical Results Applicability and Conclusion
![Page 3: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Introduction
MIPv6 - Mobile IPv6 A version of mobile IP, it allows an IPv6 node to be mobile
and still maintain existing connections;
HMIPv6 - Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Proposed enhancement of MIPv6, it is designed to reduce
the amount of signaling required and to improve handoff speed for mobile connections;
MAP – Mobility Anchor Point Serving as a local entity to aid in mobile handoffs, it can be
located anywhere within a hierarchy of routers;
![Page 4: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Introduction HA - home agent
A router on a mobile node’s home network that maintains information about the device’s current location, as identified in its CoA;
CoA - care of address A temporary IP address for a mobile node that enables
message delivery when the device is connecting from somewhere other than its home network;
Location handoff Mobile node moves across a subnet boundary;
Service handoff Mobile node moves across a DMAP domain boundary;
![Page 5: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Related Work
MIP-RR MIP Regional Registration, uses a Gateway
Foreign Agent to provide a regional CoA, which acts as a proxy for regional movement management;
The design is for mobility management only without considering service management-induced network cost.
![Page 6: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Related Work
Hierarchical MIPv6 In HMIPv6, a regional CoA (RCoA) is allocated to
a mobile node, in addition to a CoA, whenever the mobile node enters a new MAP domain;
MAPs in HMIPv6 are statically configured and shared by all mobile nodes in the system;
There is no mechanism provided to determine the size of a MAP domain in HMIPv6 for all mobile nodes that would minimize the network cost.
![Page 7: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Related Work
IDMP It introduces the concept of domain mobility with a
domain and a domain agent to keep track of CoA of a mobile node as the mobile node roams within a domain;
It can be combined with fast handoff mechanisms utilizing multicasting to reduce handoff latency and paging mechanisms to reduce the network signaling cost for intra-domain movements.
![Page 8: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
DMAP
The essence of DMAP is the notion of integrated mobility and service management, which is achieved by determining an optimal service area size;
The objective is to minimize the total network signaling and communication overhead in servicing the mobile node’s mobility and service management operations;
![Page 9: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
DMAP
Inter-regional move The mobile node makes the AR of the subnet as
the DMAP when it crosses a service area, and it also determines the size of the new service area;
MN acquires a RCoA as well as a CoA from the current subnet and registers the address pair to the current DMAP in a binding request message;
![Page 10: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
DMAP
Inter-regional move The MN also informs the HA and CNs of the new
RCoA address change in another binding message so that the HA and CNs would know the MN by its new RCoA address;
DMAP intercepts the packet destined for RCoA, inspects the address pair stored in the internal table, finds out MN’s CoA and forwards the packet to the MN through tunneling;
![Page 11: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
DMAP
Intra-regional move When the MN subsequently crosses a subnet but
is still located within the service area, it would inform the MAP of the CoA address change without informing the HA and CNs to reduce the network signaling cost;
![Page 12: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
DMAP
![Page 13: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
DMAP
A MN’s service area can be modeled as consisting of K IP subnets;
The MN appoints a new DMAP only when it crosses a service area whose size is determined based on the mobility and service characteristics of the MN in the new service area;
The service area size of the DMAP is not necessarily uniform;
![Page 14: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
DMAP
A large service area size means that the DMAP will not change often, while a small service area size means that the DMAP will be changed often so it will stay close to the MN;
There is a trade-off between two cost factors and an optimal service area exists;
![Page 15: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
DMAP
The service and mobility characteristics of a MN are summarized by two parameters: The resident time that the MN stays in a subnet,
represented by using the MN’s mobility rate σ; The service traffic between the MN and server
applications, represented by using the data packet rate λ;
The ratio of λ/ σ is called the service to mobility ratio (SMR) of the MN;
![Page 16: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Model
We devise a computational procedure to determine the optimal service area size The intent to find the optimal service area based
on the MN’s mobility and service behaviors The computational procedure requires
Every AR must be capable of acting as a MAP Each MN must be powerful enough to collect data
dynamically and perform simple statistical analysis
![Page 17: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Model
We aim to minimize the communication cost The signaling overhead for mobility management
for informing the DMAP of the CoA changes Informing the HA and CNs of the RCoA changes The communication overhead for service
management for delivering data packets between the MN and CNs
Our SPN model is shown later
![Page 18: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Model
Symbol Meaning
λ Data packet rate between the MN and CNs
σ Mobility rate at which the MN moves across subnet boundaries
SMR Service to mobility ratio (λ/σ)
N Number of server engaged by the MN
F(K) A general function relating the number of subnets K to the number of hops
![Page 19: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Model
Symbol Meaning
K Number of subnets in one service area
τ 1-hop communication delay per packet in wired networks
α Average distance between HA and MAP
β Average distance between CN and MAP
γ Cost ratio between wireless vs. wired network
![Page 20: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Stochastic Petri Net
Moves
tmp
Xs
Move NewDMAP
MN2DMAP
K
KA
B
Pi=1
Pj=1
(Guard:Mark(Xs)=K-1)
(Guard:Mark(Xs)<K-1)
(Guard:Mark(Xs)=K)
A token represents a subnet crossing event by the MN
![Page 21: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Stochastic Petri Net-Places
Moves
tmp
Xs
Move NewDMAP
MN2DMAP
K
KA
B
Pi=1
Pj=1
(Guard:Mark(Xs)=K-1)
(Guard:Mark(Xs)<K-1)
(Guard:Mark(Xs)=K)
Mark(Moves)=1 means that the MN just moves aross a subnet
A temporary place holds tokens from
transition A
Mark(Xs) holds the number of
subnets crossed in a service area
![Page 22: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Stochastic Petri Net-Transitions
Moves
tmp
Xs
Move NewDMAP
MN2DMAP
K
KA
B
Pi=1
Pj=1
(Guard:Mark(Xs)=K-1)
(Guard:Mark(Xs)<K-1)
(Guard:Mark(Xs)=K)
A timed transition for the
MN to move across subnet
areas
A timed transition for the MN to inform the DMAP of
the CoA change
A timed transition for the
MN to inform the HA and CNs
of the RCoA change
A guard for transition B that is enabled if a move will cross a service area
A guard for transition A that is enabled if a move will not cross a service area
![Page 23: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Transition Rate
MN2DMAP
)1)Xs(Mark(
1
F
Wireless one-hop communication
delay per packet
The number of hops between the current
subnet and the DMAP seperated by Mark(Xs)
+1 subnets
![Page 24: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Transition Rate
NewDMAP The communication cost includes that for the MN to
inform the HA and CNs of the new RCoA change
N1
The average distance in
hops between the MN and the HA via
wired network
The average distance in
hops between the MN and N CNs via wired
network
![Page 25: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Cost of Service Management
Pi: The steady-state probability that the system is found to contain i tokens in place Xs such that Mark(Xs)=i
Ci,service: The communication overhead for the network to service a data packet when MN is in the i-th subnet in the service area
))(()(00
service,service iFPCP
K
ii
K
iiiC
A delay between the DMAP and a CN in the fixed
network
A delay from DMAP to the AR of the MN’s current
subnet in the fixed network
A delay in the wireless link
form the AR to the MN
![Page 26: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Cost of Location Management
Ci,location: The network signaling overhead to service a location handoff operation given the MN is in the i-th subnet in the service area If i < K
Only a minimum signaling cost will incurred for the MN to inform the DMAP of the CoA address change
If i = K The location handoff also triggers a service handoff A service handoff will incur higher communication
signaling cost to inform the HA and N CNs of the RCoA address change
![Page 27: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Cost of Location Management
)})(({)(
)(
1
0
0l,location
iFPNP
CP
K
iiK
K
iocationiiC
A location handoff and a service handoff
A minimum signaling cost for the MN to inform the
DMAP of the CoA address change
![Page 28: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Cost of DMAP
Summarizing above, the total communication cost per time unit for the Mobile IP network operating under our DMAP scheme to service operations associated with mobility and service management of the MN is calculated as:
CCC locationserviceDMAP
Service management
cost
Mobility management
cost
![Page 29: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Numerical Results
We calculate CDMAP as a function of K and determine the optimal K K represents the optimal “service area” size The size will minimize the network cost given
A set of parameter values charactering the MN’s mobility and service behaviors
We present results to show that There exists an optimal service area under DMAP Demonstrate the benefit of DMAP over basic
MIPv6 and HMIPv6
![Page 30: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Numerical Results
MIPv6
MIPv6serviceC NC MIPv6
location
MIPv6location
MIPv6serviceMIPv6 CCC
A delay in the wireless link from the AR to the MN
A communication delay from the
CN to the AR of the current
subnet
A delay in the wireless link from
the MN to the AR of the subnet that it just enters into
A delay from
that AR to the
HA
A delay from that AR to the
CNs
![Page 31: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Numerical Results
HMIPv6 The placement of MAPs is predetermined Each MAP covers a fixed number of subnets
KH = 4
A MN crosses a subnet within a MAP It only informs the MAP of its CoA
A MN crosses a MAP Changes the MAP Obtain a new RCoA Informs the HA and CNs of the new RCoA
![Page 32: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Numerical Results
Comparing DMAP with basic MIPv6 and HMIPv6 head-to-head from the perspective of Kopt
![Page 33: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Numerical Results
Cost difference between basic MIPv6, HMIPv6, and DMAP
![Page 34: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Numerical Results
Effect of α and β on CHMIPv6 − CDMAP
![Page 35: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Numerical Results
Effect of F(k) on CHMIPv6 − CDMAP
![Page 36: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Applicability and Conclusion
We proposed a novel DMAP scheme for integrated mobility and service management
To apply the analysis results in the paper, one can execute the computational procedure at static time to determine optimal Kopt over a possible range of parameter values
In the future, we plan to consider the implementation issue by building a testbed system to validate the analytical results as well as testing the sensitivity of the results with respect to other time distributions other than the exponential distribution used in the analysis
![Page 37: DMAP: integrated mobility and service management in mobile IPv6 systems](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081603/56814496550346895db1387e/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Q & A