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The Direct Method

MAIJESTI S. SARAGIH031109197MARYANA HIDAYAT031109191SPECIAL CLASSText books : Jack-Richads, S., and Theodore-Rodgers, S. 1968. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. New York: Cambridge University Press.Larsen-Freeman, Diane. 2000. Teaching Techniques in English as a Second Language. New York: Oxford University Press.

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DIRECT METHOD

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PRINCIPLESClassroom instructions are conducted exclusively in the target language.Only everyday vocabulary and sentences are taught during the initial phase.Oral communication skills are built up between teachers and students in an intensive class.Grammar is taught inductively.New teaching points are introduced orally.Concrete vocabulary is taught through demonstration, objects, and pictures; abstract vocabulary is taught by association of ideas.Both speech and listening comprehensions are taught.Correct pronunciation and grammar are emphasized.

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The principles are still followed in contemporary Berlitz schools: Never translate: demonstrate, Never explain: act, Never make a speech: ask questions, Never imitate mistakes: correct, Never speak with single words: use sentences, Never speak too much: make students speak much, Never use the book: use your lesson plan, Never jump around: follow your plan, Never go too fast: keep the pace of the student, Never speak too slowly: speak normally, Never speak too quickly: speak naturally, Never speak too loudly: speak naturally, Never be impatient: take it easy.

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TECHNIQUES Reading aloud Question and answer exercise Getting students to self-correct Conversation practice Fill-in-the-blank exercise Dictation Map drawing Paragraph writing

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Role of the teacher and students Teacher centered. Student role is less passive than in Grammar-Translation Method. Teacher and student are partners. Teacher is the only demonstrator.

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Advantages of Direct MethodIt makes the learning of English interesting.It encourages the students participation.It proceeds both concrete and abstract thing.It develops fluency of speech, good pronunciation, and power of expression.

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Disadvantages of Direct MethodIt wastes both time and energy in teaching learning process.It distinguishes auditory than visual.It ignores systematic written work and reading activities.It doesnt have a lot of trained teachers who master it.It doesnt suit or satisfy the needs of individual students in large classes.

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THANK YOU

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