Django - The Easy Way: A step-by-step guide on building Django websites, 2nd Edition

Django-TheEasyWay(2ndEdition)

Astep-by-stepguideonbuildingDjangowebsites

SamuliNatri

copy2017-2018SamuliNatri

TableofContents

Preface

AboutthisbookWhoisthisbookforWhatthisbookisNOTaboutHowthisbookisorganizedChapters1-7Chapters8-10Chapters11-13Chapters14-16Chapters17-20Chapters21-24Chapters25-26Chapters27-28Chapters29-32

Abouttheauthor

1InstallingPythononWindows11DownloadingandinstallingPython12Usingtheinteractiveprompt13Details131Pythoninterpreter

14Summary

2InstallingPythononmacOS21DownloadingandinstallingPython22Usingtheinteractiveprompt23Details231Pythoninterpreter

24Summary

3InstallingPythononLinux31InstallingPython32Usingtheinteractiveprompt33Details331Pythoninterpreter

34Summary

4CreatingvirtualenvironmentsinWindows41Creatingandactivatingvirtualenvironments42Summary

5CreatingvirtualenvironmentsinmacOS51Creatingandactivatingvirtualenvironments52Summary

6CreatingvirtualenvironmentsinLinux61Creatingandactivatingvirtualenvironments62Summary

7Virtualenvironmentsandpip71Whyusevirtualenvironments72Details721Organizingfolders722Freezingrequirements723Excludingvenvfromtherepository724Usingothertools725Usingpythonvspython3

73Summary

8CreatingaDjangoproject81Setup82CreatinganewProject83Runningthedevelopmentserver84Details85Summary

9CreatingaHelloWorldapp91Setup92Creatingapps93Creatingtemplatefiles94Creatingviews95Addingahomepagepath96Summary

10Examiningtheprojectstructureandapps101Addingfeatureswithapps102Exploringtheprojectstructure103Exploringtheprojectpackage

104Summary

11Workingwithtemplateinheritance111Setup112Creatingabaseapp113Extendingtemplates114Details115Summary

12InstallingBootstrap4theme121Setup122Modifyinganexistingtemplate123Updatingthehomepagetemplate124Details125Summary

13Managingstaticfiles131Setup132Creatingastylesheetfile133Details1331Workingwithstaticfiles1332Usingthestatictag1333Forcingcacherefreshwithversioning

134Summary

14Creatingmodels141Setup142CreatingtheFlowermodel143Listingflowers144Details1441Explainingmodels1442Returningastringrepresentation1443Makingdatabasequeries

145Summary

15Creatingabaseproject151Setup152Addingadescriptionfield153Addingmasonrylikecolumns154Addingafooter155Summary

16Creatingadetailpage161Setup162Addingadetailpagepath163Creatingthedetailview164Creatingthedetailpagetemplate165Creatingslugs166Updatingthepath167Definingget_absolute_url()method168Usingurltag169Details1691CapturingURLvalues1692Usingviewparameters1693Explainingslugs1694ReversingURLS

1610Summary

17Addingcategoryasamany-to-onerelationhip171Setup172Addingcategoryfieldandmodel173Updatingthehomepagetemplate174Details1741Examiningmany-to-onerelationships1742Accessingrelatedobjects

175Summary

18ReferencingtagswithaManyToManyfield181Setup182Addingthetagsfield183Updatingthehomepagetemplate184Summary

19Creatingatagspage191Setup192Addingtagspath193Addingtheslugfield194Creatingthetagsview195Updatinghomepagetemplate196Details1961Doinglookupsacrossrelationships1962Reusingtemplates

197Summary

20Creatingasearchfeature201Setup202Addingasearchform203Updatingtheindexview204Details205Summary

21Workingwithformscreatingitems211Setup212Creatingtheeditform213Creatingtheformclass214Updatingurlpatterns215Creatingtheviewfunction216Addingamenuitem217Details2171Protectingagainstcrosssiterequestforgeries2172Addingformfields2173UsingtheFormclass2174Examiningtheviewfunction

218Summary

22Workingwithformseditingitems221Setup222Addingthepath223Creatingtheeditview224Updatingtheeditlink225Details2251Capturingtheid2252Examiningtheeditview

226Summary

23Workingwithformscustomization231Setup232Addingthedescriptionfield233Details2331Changingfieldorder2332Customizingvalidationerrors

234Summary

24Creatinganddeletingobjects241Setup242Addingthedeletepath243Addingthedeleteview244Updatingthedeletelink245Details246Summary

25AuthenticatinguserswithAllauth251Setup252InstallingAllauth253Creatingtemplatefiles254UpdatingthetemplatesforBootstrap4255Details2551Configurationoptions2552Addingthepaths2553django-widget-tweaks

256Summary

26Authorization261Setup262AddingtheEditorgroup263Creatingatestuser264Usingpermissions265Usingdecorators266Details2661Authenticationvsauthorization2662Controllingaccesswithdecorators

267Summary

27Creatinganimagegallery271Setup272Installingpillow273Configuringmediavariables274AddingImageField275Addingimagestoflowers276Usingthestatichelperfunction277Addingthegrid278Details

279Summary

28Addingimagethumbnails281Setup282InstallingImageKit283Addingthethumbnailfield284Details285Summary

29DeployingonHeroku291Setup292CreatingaHerokuapp293InstallingHerokuCLI2931InstallationinWindows2932InstallationinmacOS2933InstallationinUbuntu2934Authenticatingwithabrowser

294CreatingaProcfile295Updatingthesettingspyfile296Creatingtherepository297Pushingchanges298Updatingthedatabase299Summary

30UsingAmazonAWStoservefiles301Setup302CreatinganAmazonAWSbucket303Settinguppermissions304Updatingsettingspyfile305AddinganimagefieldtothePostmodel306Installingpackages307Summary

31SettingupHerokupipelines311Setup312CreatingaGitHubrepository313Creatingapipeline314Testingdeployment315Addingaproductionapp316Enablingreviewapps

317Usingpullrequests318Deletingthebranch319Summary

32SendingemailswithSendGrid321Creatinganaccount322Summary

Licenses

Preface

ldquoDjango-TheEasyWay(2ndEdition)rdquobookisapracticalstep-by-stepguideonhowtobuildDjangowebsites

DjangoisaPythonbasedopensourcewebdevelopmentframeworkthathasbeenaroundsince2005Itenablesyoutocreatecomplexdatabase-drivenwebsiteswhilekeepingthingsdecoupledanddryThePythonPackageIndex(PyPI)hostsnumerousfreepackagesthatcanbeusedtoextendprojectswithoutre-inventingthewheelDjangoisusedbysomewell-knownsiteslikeInstagramBitbucketandDisqus

Aboutthisbook

ThisbookisaboutlearningtheDjangowebframeworkwithsimplepracticalexamplesItguidesyouthroughallthemainconceptsoneatthetimeWewillworkonmanysmallprojectsratherthanworkingonasinglebigapplicationthroughthebookThishelpsdigestingtheinformationastheprojectshavelessdistractingcodefrompreviouschaptersBytheendofthebookyoushouldhaveasolidunderstandingofhowtobuildanddeployappswithDjango

ThecompletebooksourcecodeisavailableinherehttpssamulitoDjango-The-Easy-Way-Source

WhoisthisbookforThisbookissuitableforbeginnertointermediatelevelwebdevelopersYoudonrsquothavetohaveanyexperiencewithDjangoorbuildingwebapplicationsingeneralWestartwiththeverybasicsandincreasecomplexityaswegoalong

WhatthisbookisNOTaboutWeuseBootstrap4tohaveadecentlookingtestingplaygroundbutotherwisefrontendconceptsarecoveredminimallyThisisnotabookaboutPythonHTMLCSSorJavaScriptBasicknowledgeaboutthosetechnologieswouldbehelpfulbutisnotrequiredforthebookThefocusisontheDjangowebframeworkcoreconceptsanddeploymentpractices

HowthisbookisorganizedThisbookisorganizedin32chaptersthatfocusonkeyconceptsoftheframeworkIrecommendreadingthebookinsequencestartingfromtheverybeginningandworkingyourwaytotheendfromthere

Chapters1-7Chapters1-7coverhowtoinstallPythonandusevirtualenvironments

Chapters8-10

Inchapters8-10wecreateasimpleDjangoprojectandexaminetheprojectstructureldquoHelloworldrdquoprojectintroducesthereadertoviewspathsandtemplates

Chapters11-13Chapters11-13coverhowthetemplateinheritanceworksandhowtointegrateBootstrap4frontendframeworkwithDjangoWealsoapplycustomstyleswithCSS(CascadingStyleSheets)

Chapters14-16Chapters14-16coverhowtousemodelsandinteractwithadatabaseWelearnaboutfiltersandhowtobuildabaseprojectthatcanbeusedasastartingpointforotherprojectsWecreateadetailpageandlearnhowtoworkwithslugsandreverseURLS

Chapters17-20Inchapters17-20welearnhowtocategoriseitemswithaForeignKeyfieldandtagitemswithaManyToManyFieldWedolookupsthroughrelationshipsre-usetemplatesandbuildaminimalisticsearchfeature

Chapters21-24Chapters21-24showhowtocreateformswithModelFormWecustomizetheformsbychangingfieldorderandrendervalidationerrorsmanuallyThe

PythoninteractiveinterpreterisusedtomanipulateobjectsandinteractwithDjango

Chapters25-26Chapters25-26coverhowtocreateacompleteauthenticationsystemwiththeAllauthpackageandhowtothemethedefaultformswithBootstrap4Userauthorizationismanagedwithgroupsanddecorators

Chapters27-28

Chapters27-28Inchapters27-28weuploadimagesandservethemfromalocalmediafolderBootstrap4isusedtocreateagridviewtodisplaytheimagesTheuploadedimagesarecompressedtothumbnailsusingtheImageKitpackage

Chapters29-32Chapters29-32showhowtodeploytoHerokuplatformandservestaticassetsanduser-uploadedfilesfromanAmazonAWSbucketWelearnhowtoestablishcontinuousdeploymentworkflowswithHerokupipelinesandsendemailswithSendGrid

AbouttheauthorSamuliNatrihasbeenasoftwaredevelopersincethe90rsquosHeattendedHelsinki

SamuliNatrihasbeenasoftwaredevelopersincethe90rsquosHeattendedHelsinkiUniversityOfTechnology(ComputerScience)andHelsinkiUniversity(SocialSciences)

Websitehttpssamulinatricom

1InstallingPythononWindows

Thischaptercovers

HowtoinstallPythononWindowsHowtousetheinteractiveinterpretertotestit

11DownloadingandinstallingPythonVisithttpssamulitoPython-DownloadanddownloadtheWindowsinstaller

Runtheinstaller

CheckAddPython37toPATHandclickInstallNow

Lettheinstallerfinnishandcloseit

PressWindowskeyorclicktheiconatthebottomleftcorner

SearchforCommandPromptandopenit

12UsingtheinteractivepromptTypepythoninthecommandpromptandpressenterTheinterpreterisnowininteractivemodewaitingforyourcommands

Letrsquosaddtwovariablestogetherandprintouttheresultwithprint()functionInteractivePythonsession

gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z

ExitthesessionwithCtrl-Zplusreturn

13Details

131PythoninterpreterInterpreterisasoftwarelayerbetweenyourprogramandthecomputerItreadsyourcodeandcarriesouttheinstructionsitcontains

YoucantypeandrunPythoncodedirectlyintheinteractivepromptThisallowsustointeractwithDjangoprojectsusingthecommandline

14Summary

PythoncaneasilybeinstalledonWindowsusingtheofficialinstallerMakesuretoaddPythontothePATHsoyoucanruniteverywhereInterpreterisasoftwarelayerbetweenyourcodeandthecomputerYoucanusetheinteractiveprompttotypeandrunPythoncode

2InstallingPythononmacOS

Thischaptercovers

HowtoinstallPythononmacOSHowtousetheinteractiveinterpretertotestit

21DownloadingandinstallingPythonVisithttpssamulitoPython-DownloadanddownloadthelatestmacOSversion

Runtheinstaller

PressCtrlplusSpaceandsearchforterminal

22UsingtheinteractivepromptTypepython3intheterminalandpressreturnTheinterpreterisnowininteractivemodewaitingforyourcommands


gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D

ExitthesessionwithCtrl-D

23Details



24Summary

PythoncaneasilybeinstalledonmacOSusingtheofficialinstallerInterpreterisasoftwarelayerbetweenyourcodeandthecomputerYoucanusetheinteractiveprompttotypeandrunPythoncode

3InstallingPythononLinux

Thischaptercovers

HowtoinstallPythononLinuxHowtousetheinteractiveinterpretertotestit

31InstallingPythonClicktheShowapplicationsiconatthebottomleftcorner

Searchforterminalandclicktheicontoopenit

OpenthePythoninteractivepromptwithpython3command

Ifthepython3commanddoesnrsquotworkinstallitwiththefollowingcommandTerminal

sudoaptinstallpython3

32UsingtheinteractivepromptTypepython3intheterminalandpressenter

TheinterpreterisnowininteractivemodewaitingforyourcommandsLetrsquosaddtwovariablestogetherandprintouttheresultwithprint()function

InteractivePythonsessiongtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

ExitthepromptwithCtrl-DplusEnter

33Details



34Summary

Pythoncomespre-installedonallmajorLinuxdistributionsInterpreterisasoftwarelayerbetweenyourcodeandthecomputer

YoucanusetheinteractiveprompttotypeandrunPythoncode

4CreatingvirtualenvironmentsinWindows

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreatevirtualenvironmentsinWindows

41CreatingandactivatingvirtualenvironmentsCreateanewdirectoryfortheprojects

Terminalmkdirprojects

cdprojects

venvcommandcreatesthevirtualenvironmentActivateitwiththeactivatebatscript

Terminalpython-mvenvvenv

venvScriptsactivatebat

The(venv)prefixindicatesthattheenvironmentisactiveTerminal

(venv)CUserssamulprojectsgt

Restofthebookwillmostlybethesameforalloperatingsystems

42Summary

YoucanusethevenvcommandtocreatevirtualenvironmentsMakesuretoactivethevirtualenvironmentbeforeyoustartworkingonaproject

5CreatingvirtualenvironmentsinmacOS

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreatevirtualenvironmentsinmacOS



cdprojects

venvcommandcreatesthevirtualenvironmentActivateitusingthesourcecommand

Terminalpython3-mvenvvenv

sourcevenvbinactivate

sourcecommandreadsandexecutescommandsfromafile


(venv)~


52Summary


6CreatingvirtualenvironmentsinLinux

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreatevirtualenvironmentsinLinux



cdprojects


Terminalsudoapt-getinstallpython3-venv

python-mvenvvenv




(venv)samulibox~projects$


62Summary


7Virtualenvironmentsandpip

Thischaptercovers

WhatarevirtualenvironmentsandwhyyoushouldusethemHowtousepiptomanageprojectpackages

71WhyusevirtualenvironmentsVirtualenvironmentsallowyoutomanageprojectdependenciesinanisolatedmannerYoucanhaveaprojectthatusesDjango10andanotherprojectthatusesDjango20TheformerprojectusesPython2andthelatterPython3Withvirtualenvironmentstheydonrsquotinterferewhicheachother

UpdatesmayintroducechangesthatbreakyourapplicationMaybeyourfavouritepackagedoesnrsquotsupportthenewreleaseoryourowncustomcodeisnotreadyfortheupgradeButatthesametimeyoumightwanttostartanotherprojectusingthenewDjangoreleaseThisiswherevirtualenvironmentscomeinhandy

KeepingallprojectpackagesinoneplacealsomakesiteasiertodeployWecangeneratearequirementslistanduseittoinstallthedependenciesonanotherenvironment

Virtualenvironmentforeachproject

Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite

venv(WithDjango10+Python2)

Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


InthisexampleeachprojecthasitsownPythoninstallationandDjangopackageDjangoisinstalledinthevenvfolderlikeanyotherPythonpackage

72Details

721OrganizingfoldersYoudonrsquothavetoputthevenvfolderinsidetheprojectfolderInfactinthisbookIwilluseonesharedvirtualenvironmentforallprojectsInyourownreal-lifeprojectsIwouldrecommendhavingaseparatevirtualenvironmentforeachproject

ThisishowweorganizetheprojectsinthisbookAllprojectsshareonevirtualenvironment

projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv

722FreezingrequirementsProjectpackagelistcanbestoredinafileusingthepipfreezecommand

Terminalpipfreezegtrequirementstxt

pipisaPythonpackagemanager

Therequirementstxtfilemightlooksomethinglikethisrequirementstxt

Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275

ThesedependenciescanbeinstalledusingthepipinstallcommandTerminal

pipinstall-rrequirementstxt

ThisinstallationprocesshappensautomaticallywhenwedeployourprojecttotheHerokuplatformJustmakesuretofreezetherequirementsafteryouinstalloruninstallpackages

723ExcludingvenvfromtherepositoryExcludethevenvfolderfromtherepositorywhenusingaversioncontrolsystemThiswillbedemonstratedlaterwhenwearereadytodeploy

724UsingothertoolsThereareothertoolsformanagingvirtualenvironmentslikeVirtualenvwrapperCheckoutthistutorialtolearnmorehttpssamulitoVirtual-Environments

725Usingpythonvspython3Usingavirtualenvironmentallowsustousethepythoncommand(insteadofpython3)forldquoPython3rdquoregardlessofthesystemwidePythonversionIfIdeactivatethevirtualenvironmentandrunpythoninmacOSitwilldefaulttoPython2710inmymachine

Terminal~deactivate

~python

Python2710(defaultOct62017222907)

Somakesuretoactivatetheprojectvirtualenvironmentbeforeyoustartworkingonit

73Summary

VirtualenvironmentsallowyoutomanageprojectdependenciesinanisolatedmannerpipisaPythonpackagemanagerYoucanusethepipfreezecommandtostoreprojectdependencieslistinafile

8CreatingaDjangoproject

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreateanewDjangoprojectHowtousethebuilt-indevelopmentserver

81SetupTerminal

cdprojects

mkdir08-Django-Project

cd08-Django-Project


Youdonrsquothavetoactivatethevirtualenvironmentifitrsquosalreadyactivated

82CreatinganewProjectInstallDjangoandusethestartprojectcommandtocreateanewDjangoproject

Terminalpipinstalldjango

django-adminstartprojectmysite

YoushouldnowhavethiskindoffolderstructureProjectfolderstructure

projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg

08-Django-ProjectfolderisacontainerforthewholeprojectThemysitefolderinsideitistheprojectPythonpackagethatconnectsyourprojectwithDjango

83RunningthedevelopmentserverUserunservertoruntheserver

Terminalpythonmanagepyrunserver

Visithttp1270018000andyoushouldseethewelcomescreen

84Detailsdjango-adminisacommand-linetoolthathelpsyouwithmanagementtasks

Terminaldjango-adminstartprojectmysite

startprojectcommandcreatestheDjangoprojectstructureldquordquodenotesthatwewanttocreatetheprojectinthecurrentdirectory

Thisalsocreatesthemanagepyfileintheprojectrootmanagepydoesthesamethingasdjango-adminplusittakescareoffewthingsforyouForexamplebeforeyoucanuseDjangoyouneedtotellitwhichsettingspyfiletousemanagepydoesthisbydefininganenvironmentvariablewiththenameldquoDJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULErdquoYoudonrsquothavetoworryaboutthisthoughJustusemanagepyforadministrationtaskslikethis

Terminal

Terminalpythonmanagepymakemigrations

YoumighthavenoticedthatadatabasefilewasgeneratedintheprojectrootBydefaultDjangoisconfiguredtousetheSQLitedatabaseThisisperfectlyfinefordevelopmentpurposesbutforproductionyoushouldconsiderotheralternativesWiththeHerokuplatformweusePostgreSQLdatabase

YoucanignoretheldquoYouhave15unappliedmigration(s)rdquowarningintheterminalWewilldealwithmigrationsanddatabaseslater

85Summary

django-adminisacommand-linetoolforadministrativetasksstartprojectcommandcreatesaDjangoprojectskeletonItrsquosmoreconvenienttousemanagepyinsteadofdjango-adminforadministrativetasksaftertheprojecthasbeencreatedSQLiteisthedefaultdatabaseoptionbutyoushouldnrsquotuseitinaproductionenvironment

9CreatingaHelloWorldapp

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreateappsIntroductiononviewspathsandtemplates

91SetupTerminal

cp-fr08-Django-Project09-Hello-World

cd09-Hello-World


92CreatingappsUsestartappcommandtocreateanewapp

Terminalpythonmanagepystartappmyapp

NowyoushouldhavethiskindoffolderstructureFolderstructure

projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv

EditmysiteappsettingspyfileandaddmyapptotheINSTALLED_APPSlistmysitesettingspy

INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth

djangocontribcontenttypes

djangocontribsessions

djangocontribmessages

djangocontribstaticfiles

myapplthere

]

93CreatingtemplatefilesCreateindexhtmlfileinthemyapptemplatesfolderYouhavetocreatethetemplatesandmyappfolderstoo

Folderstructurefortemplates09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here

AddthisHTMLmarkupinsidetheindexhtmlfilemyapptemplatesmyappindexhtml

lth1gtHelloworldIwasbroughttoyoubythemyappindexvi

ewlth1gt

94CreatingviewsEditmyappappviewspyfileandaddanindexfunction

myappviewspyfromdjangoshortcutsimportrender

defindex(request)lthere

returnrender(requestmyappindexhtml)

95AddingahomepagepathEditmysiteappurlspyfileaddtheindexpathtotheurlpatternslist

mysiteurlspyfromdjangocontribimportadmin

fromdjangourlsimportpath

frommyappimportviewsasmyapp_viewslthere

urlpatterns=[

path(adminadminsiteurls)

path(myapp_viewsindexname=index)lthere

]

RunthedevelopmentserverTerminal

pythonmanagepyrunserver

Visithttp1270018000andyoushouldseethis

Wewilldeepentheknowledgeabouttemplatesviewsandpathsaswegoalong

96Summary

startappcommandcreatesnewappsDonrsquotforgettoaddtheapptothemysitesettingspyfileINSTALLED_APPSlistapptemplatesappisatypicallocationforapptemplatefilesappviewspyfileisatypicallocationforappviewfunctionsmysiteurlspyfileisatypicallocationforURLpatterns

10Examiningtheprojectstructureandapps

Thischaptercovers

WhatareappsOverviewoftheprojectstructureWhatdoesalltheprojectfilesdo

101AddingfeatureswithappsApplication(app)isaPythonpackagethataddsfeaturestoyourprojectWiththemyappapplicationweaddedasimplehomepageldquofeaturerdquoTheprojectnowhasacustomhomepageratherthanthedefaultwelcomescreen

YoucreatenewappswiththestartappcommandThiscreatestheDjangoappfolderstructure


ItmakessensetogroupsimilarsetoffeaturesintoappsForexampleyoucouldcreateaforumappthatprovidesaforumfunctionalityinforumormaybeacustomadministrationareainmyadmin

Youcouldpotentiallyre-usetheseappsinotherprojects

ThemysitefolderthatwascreatedwiththestartprojectcommandcanalsobeconsideredanappThisappmakesyourPythonprojectawebproject

YoutypicallyenableappsbyaddingastringtotheINSTALLED_APPSlistinthesettingspyfile

mysitesettingspyINSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]

102ExploringtheprojectstructureLetrsquostakeacloserlookatanexampleprojectstructure

Projectfolderstructure09-Hello-Worldlt--Projectroot

dbsqlite3lt--Database

managepylt--Managementtool

myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp

myadminlt--Customapp

mysitelt--Projectpackage

venvlt--Virtualenvironment(Django+Python)

TheprojectrootcontainsthedatabasemanagepyfileandalltheappsthatarenotinstalledinthevirtualenvironmentDjangopackageandPythonisinstalledinthevenvfolder

HerearethedefaultcontentsfornewappsDefaultfilesforanewapp

myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy

__init__pyisusuallyanemptyfilethatmarksthisdirectoryasaPythonpackageNoteinnewerPythonversions(33+)itrsquosnotrequiredtohavethisfilehttpssamulitoPEP-420

__pycache__containsbytecodethatmakestheprogramstartfaster

DjangohasanautomaticadmininterfaceinadminthatyoucanusetomanagecontentYouusuallyregistermodelsintheadminpyfilesothattheyareavailableformanagement

myappadminpyfromdjangocontribimportadmin

frommyappmodelsimportPost

adminsiteregister(Post)

DonrsquotworryaboutthisfornowWewillgetbacktoitwhenwecovermodelsAlsonotethatthedefaultadmininterfaceisintendedforinternalmanagementpurposesYoumightwanttoallowcontentmanagementwithacustomsolutionthatprovidesformstoaddandeditcontentCustomformswillbecoveredlaterinthebook

appspyisusedtoconfiguretheappForexampleyoucouldchangethehuman-readablenamefortheapplikethis

myappappspyfromdjangoappsimportAppConfig

classMyConfig(AppConfig)

verbose_name=ExcellentApp

NowintheadmininterfaceitwouldsayldquoExcellentApprdquoinsteadofldquoMyapprdquo

migrationsfoldercontainsthemigrationfilesfortheappTheseareusedtoapplychangestothedatabaseYoucanthinkofthemigrationsystemasaversioncontrolforthedatabaseschema

modelspyfilestoreinformationaboutthedatayouwanttoworkwithTypicallyeachmodelmapstoadatabasetable

HerersquosanexampleoftheFlowermodelwewilluselatermyappmodelspy

fromdjangodbimportmodels

classFlower(modelsModel)

title=modelsCharField(max_length=255default=)

ThismodelismappedtoadatabasetablecalledFlowerandeachattributelikethetitlefieldismappedtoadatabasefield

PutapptemplatefilesinthetemplatesfolderTemplatesfolder

09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp

indexhtmllttemplatefile

TemplatesallowyoutoseparatethepresentationfromtheapplicationlogicDjangohasitsowntemplatelanguagewhereyoumixstaticHTMLvariables

tagsandfilterstogeneratethefinalHTML

YoutypicallycreateasubfolderforeachappinsidethetemplatesfolderItmightlookabitoddtohaveanothermyappfolderinsidethetemplatesfolderbutinthiswaywedonrsquothavetodoanythingspecialforDjangotodiscoverthetemplateWejusthavetousetherightnamingconventions

Forexampleinthemyappviewspyfileweusedmyappindexhtmlasanargumentfortherenderfunction


defindex(request)

returnrender(requestmyappindexhtml)here

WiththisparameterDjangorsquostemplateloadingmechanismfindsthecorrecttemplateinmyapptemplatesmyappindexhtml

testspyisatypicalplacefortheapptestingcode

ItrsquosaconventiontoputviewfunctionsintheviewspyfileViewfunctiontakesawebrequestandreturnsawebresponseInourldquohelloworldrdquoexampletheindexviewreturnsHTMLcontentsgeneratedwiththehelpoftheindexhtmltemplate

103ExploringtheprojectpackageLetrsquostakealookattheprojectpackagefiles

Projectpackagefiles09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere

Mostoftheprojectconfigurationhappensinthesettingspyfile

Forexamplethedefaultdatabaseconfigurationlookslikethismysitesettingspy

DATABASES=

default

ENGINEdjangodbbackendssqlite3

NAMEospathjoin(BASE_DIRdbsqlite3)

Thisallowsyoutostartworkingwithadatabaseimmediately

ForPostgreSQLdatabasewewoulddosomethinglikethisPostgreSQLconfigurationexample

DATABASES=

default

ENGINEdjangodbbackendspostgresql_psycopg2

NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT

WithHerokuplatformyoudonrsquothavetoconfigurethismanuallythoughbecausethedjango-herokupackagedoesitforyou

urlspyfilecontainsURLpatternsDjangostartsgoingthroughthesepatternswhenuserrequestsapageandstopswhenapatternmatchestherequestedURL

InourldquoHelloworldrdquoexampletheindexviewwillbecalledwhenuservisitsthehomepage

urlspyfromdjangocontribimportadmin


frommyappimportviewsasmyapp_views

urlpatterns=[



]

WSGIisaspecificationthatdealswithinteractionsbetweenwebserversandPythonwebapplicationsThestartprojectcommandsetsupdefaultconfigurationforitinwsgipy

104Summary

startprojectcommandcreatesaprojectskeletonwithallthefilesyouneedtogetstartedProjectpackage(folderwithsettingspyfile)connectsyourPythonprojectwithDjangoYoutypicallyaddfeaturestoyourprojectwithappsstartappcommandcreatesabasicapplicationskeleton

11Workingwithtemplateinheritance

Thischaptercovers

HowtosetupabaseappHowthetemplateinheritanceworks

111SetupTerminal

cp-fr09-Hello-World11-Template-Inheritance

cd11-Template-Inheritance


112CreatingabaseappCreateanewapp

Terminalpythonmanagepystartappbase

YoushouldnowhavethiskindoffolderstructureFolderstructure

11-Template-Inheritance

baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

EditmysiteappsettingspyfileandaddthebaseapptotheINSTALLED_APPSlist



baselthere

myapp

]

113Extendingtemplates

CreateabasehtmlfileinthebaseapptemplatesfolderTemplatefilelocation


base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here

Addtheselinestothebasehtmlfilebasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt

lttitlegtMySitelttitlegt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

blockcontentendblock

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Replacemyappindexhtmlfilecontentswiththeselinesmyapptemplatesmyappindexhtml

extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent

lth1gtHellofrommyappindexviewlth1gt

endblock



Visithttp1270018000toseetheresults

Right-clickthewebpagetoviewthepagesourcePagesource

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

114DetailsLetrsquostakeacloserlookonhowthisworks

Parentandchildtemplates11-Template-Inheritance

base

templates

base

basehtmlltparenttemplate

myapp

templates

myapp

indexhtmlltchildtemplate

Withtemplateinheritancewecanhaveabaseldquoskeletonrdquothathasblocksthatchildtemplatescanoverride

Inbasehtmlwedefineacontentblockbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

Inindexhtmlwealsodefineacontentblockmyapptemplatesmyappindexhtml

extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock

Thisblockoverridesthecontentblockinthebasetemplate

extendsbasebasehtmltellsthetemplatingenginethatthistemplateextendsanothertemplateInthiscasetheindexhtmltemplateextendsthe

basehtmltemplate

marksatagTheseprovideseveralkindsoffeatureslikeforloopsandinheritancerelatedfunctionality

NowwedonrsquothavetospecifythecommonboilerplatemarkupforeverypageThisisoneofthebenefitsyouhavewithdynamicsystemslikeDjango

115Summary

YoucancreateabaseapptoholdthingsthatarecommontoallappslikethemainHTMLskeletonTemplateinheritanceallowsyoutodefineblocksthatchildtemplatescanoverride

12InstallingBootstrap4theme

Thischaptercovers

HowtouseBootstrap4withyourtemplates

121SetupTerminal

cp-fr11-Template-Inheritance12-Bootstrap

cd12-Bootstrap


122ModifyinganexistingtemplateVisithttpssamulitoBootstrap-Templateandright-clickthepagetoseeitssourcecodeCopythesourcecodeandreplacethecontentofthebasehtmlfilewithit

Replacethelttitlegtelementwiththisbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

lttitlegtBaseprojectfortheDjango-TheEasyWaybook|

MySitelttitlegt

VisithttpssamulitoBootstrapandcopytheBootstrapCDNCSSlinkthatlookslikethis

Linktocopyltlinkrel=stylesheethref=httpsstackpathbootstrapcdn

combootstrap413cssbootstrapmincssintegrity=sha3

84-MCw98SFnGE8fJT3GXwEOngsV7Zt27NXFoaoApmYm81iuXoPkFOJwJ8E

RdknLPMOcrossorigin=anonymousgt

Replacetheselineswiththecopiedlinkbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

lt--BootstrapcoreCSS--gt

ltlinkhref=distcssbootstrapmincssrel=styleshe

etgt

Replacetheselineshellip

Replacetheselineshellipbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

lt--Customstylesforthistemplate--gt

ltlinkhref=starter-templatecss

hellipwiththisstyleelementbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt

InthenextchapterwelearnhowtoloadstaticfilesanduseaseparatestylesheetfileforCSS

Changethenavbar-brandlinkelementtothisbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltaclass=navbar-brandhref=gtMySiteltagt

Replacethenavbar-navmr-autoullistwiththisbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltulclass=navbar-navmr-autogt

ltliclass=nav-itemactivegt

ltaclass=nav-linkhref=gtHomeltspanclass=sr-o

nlygt(current)ltspangtltagt

ltligt

ltulgt

Removethissearchformelementbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltformclass=form-inlinemy-2my-lg-0gt

ltformgt

Replacethestarter-templatedivcontainercontentshellipbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltmainrole=mainclass=containergt

ltdivclass=starter-templategt

lth1gtBootstrapstarter

ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt

ltmaingtlt--container--gt

hellipwiththecontentblockbasetemplatesbasebasehtml



blockcontentendblocklt--here--gt

ltdivgt


Replacethesethreelinesattheendofthebasehtmlfilehellipbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltscriptgtwindowjQuery||

ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj

hellipwiththePopperjsandjQuerylinksfromtheBootstrapfrontpagebasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltscriptsrc=httpscdnjscloudflarecoma

ltscriptsrc=httpsstackpathbootstrapcdn

123UpdatingthehomepagetemplateReplacemyappindexhtmltemplatecontentswiththeselines

myapptemplatesmyappindexhtmlextendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent

lth1gtBaseprojectfortheltatarget=_blankhref=httpsl

eanpubcomdjango-the-easy-waygtDjango-TheEasyWaylta

gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt

Loremipsumdolorsitametconsecteturadipisicingelit

Accusantiumquiseligendicumquetotamremconsequunturc

onsequaturEstprovidentdolorVelitnihileligendifaci

lisperspiciatisvoluptatumadreiciendismolestiasmolliti

aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock

Visithttp1270018000andyoushouldseesomethinglikethis

InthisimageweareseeingthemobiledevicestylingbecauseIresizedthebrowsertofiteverythingintheimage

124DetailsBootstrapisgreatforprototypinganddemonstrationsbutittendstoresultingenericlookingfrontendsunlessyoumodifyitheavilyIpersonallyliketobuildmythemesfromscratchwithHTMLSASSandJavaScriptThisbookfocusesonDjangocoreconceptssoIwillbecoveringthemingrelatedtopicsminimally

125Summary

ItrsquoseasytostartusingBootstrap4withDjangobymodifyinganexistingtheme

13Managingstaticfiles

Thischaptercovers

HowtoaddaCSSstylesheetfileHowtousethestatictemplatetagHowtoforceCSScacherefresh

131SetupTerminal

cp-fr12-Bootstrap13-Static-Files-CSS

cd13-Static-Files-CSS


132CreatingastylesheetfileCreateastaticbasecsssitecssfileinthebaseappfolderYouhavetocreatethefolderstructuremanually

Stylesheetfilelocationbase

staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere

EditbasehtmlfileandcopythecontentsofthestyleelementtothesitecssfileLetrsquosalsoaddabrightredcolorforh1elementssowecanseethattheCSSisworkingThesitecssfileshouldnowlooklikethis

basestaticbasecsssitecssbody

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred

Replacethestyleelementinthebasehtmltemplatehellipbasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltstylegt

ltstylegt

hellipwiththislinebasetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltlinkrel=stylesheethref=staticbasecsssitecss

gt

Makesuretoputthislinkelementafterthelinethatloadsthebootstrapmincssfile

Makethestatictagavailableinthetemplatebyusingtheloadtagontopofthebasehtmlfile

basetemplatesbasebasehtmlloadstaticlt--here--gt

ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

h1elementsshouldnowbered

Youcannowremovetheredstylingfromthesitecssfile

133Details

1331Workingwithstaticfiles

FileslikeCSSJavaScriptandimagesarereferredasstaticfilesWithimagesImeanstaticassetslikebackgroundimagesnotuser-uploadedfilesWewilldealwithmediafileslaterwhenweallowuserstouploadfiles

ThedjangocontribstaticfilesapphelpsyoumanagethesestaticassetsItrsquosinstalledbydefault


djangocontribstaticfileslthere

base

myapp

]

WiththedevelopmentserverthestaticfileswillbeservedautomaticallyindebugmodeInproductionwewillusethecollectstaticcommandtocollectallstaticfilesinoneplaceTheyarethentypicallyservedwithsomethinglikeNginxfromasinglelocationlikestatic

Mediaandstaticfilesinproductionenvironmentmedia

images

Agapanthus_africanus1jpg

mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere

LaterIwillalsoshowyouhowtoservethesefilesfromanAmazonAWSbucket

1332UsingthestatictagloadtagloadstagsandfiltersregisteredinotherlibrariesInthiscaseweuseittoenablethestatictagforthetemplateYouhavetouseloadstaticineverytemplatethatusesthestatictagEveniftheparenttemplatealreadyloadsit

statictaggeneratesabsoluteURLSforthestaticfiles

ThishellipUsingstatictagintemplates

href=staticbasecsssitecss

hellipbecomesthisTheresultingHTML


Thismightseemunnecessarybecausewecouldjusthard-codethecorrectURLtherestaticbasecsssitecssButwecouldalsobeservingthestaticfilesfromsomeotherURLWithaproperconfigurationthesamestatictagcouldbegeneratingthesekindoflinks

Servingstaticfilesfromexternallocationhttpsstaticmysitecombasecsssitecss

OR

httpsmysites3amazonawscomstaticbasecsssitecss

ChangingthisURLwillbetrivialsincewearenothard-codingitintemplatefiles

Ingeneralyoushouldavoidhard-codingintemplateswhenDjangocangeneratethemarkupforyouThisisespeciallyhelpfulwhenprovidingURLStoviewsandtranslatingpaths

1333ForcingcacherefreshwithversioningYoucanalsovisitthestyleURLdirectlytoseeifthestylefileisservedcorrectly

Visitingthestylesheetpathdirectlystaticbasecsssitecss

IfyouarenotseeingstylingchangesevenifthesitecssseemstobeworkingyourbrowsermightbeservingyoustalecontentfromacacheInChromeyoucandothis

VisitViewgtDevelopergtDeveloperToolsSelectNetworkandDisablecacheKeeptheDeveloperToolsopen

TherearesimilarDevelopertoolsinallmajorbrowsers

YoucanalsoforceCSSrefreshbyaddinganewGETparameterv=2eachtimeyoumakestylingchanges

CSSversioningltlinkrel=stylesheethref=staticbasecsssitecss

v=2gt

BetteryetistoletDjangogenerateahashwithManifestStaticFileStoragehttpssamulitoCSS-Versioning

134Summary

YoucanoverrideBootstrapthemingwithcustomstylesheetsstatictaggeneratesabsoluteURLSforstaticassetslikeCSSandJavaScriptfilesInlocaldevelopmentitrsquosusefultodisablebrowsercachingInproductionenvironmentitrsquosacommontechnictoaddahashtotheCSSlinkpathsothestylesheetisnotloadedfromthevisitorrsquosbrowsercacheStaticfilescanalsobeservedfromanexternallocationlikeAmazonAWSbucket

14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreateandusemodelsHowtomakedatabasequeries

141SetupTerminal

cp-fr13-Static-Files-CSS14-Models

cd14-Models


142CreatingtheFlowermodelEditmyappmodelspyfile

myappmodelspy14-Models

myapp

modelspylthere

AddaFlowerclassandatitleattributemyappmodelspy




EditmyappadminpyfileandregistertheFlowerclassmyappadminpy

fromdjangocontribimportadmin

frommyappmodelsimportFlower

adminsiteregister(Flower)

ApplychangestothedatabaseandcreateasuperuserTerminal

pythonmanagepymakemigrations

pythonmanagepymigrate


pythonmanagepycreatesuperuser

YoucanuseadminastheusernameandpasswordJustbypassthevalidationTerminal

Bypasspasswordvalidationandcreateuseranyway[yN]y

Superusercreatedsuccessfully

Visithttp1270018000adminandaddafewflowersHerearesomeexamplesfromWikipedia

httpssamulitoAmelanchier-alnifoliahttpssamulitoAmelanchier-asiaticahttpssamulitoAgapanthus

ldquoFlowerobject(n)rdquoisnotverydescriptiverepresentationforaFlowerobjectLetrsquosshowthetitleinstead

Editmodelspyfileandadda__str__methodmyappmodelspy




def__str__(self)

returnselftitle

Nowwecanseetheactualtitles

143ListingflowersLetrsquoslisttheflowersonthefrontpageEditmyappindexhtmltemplateandreplacethecontentswiththeselines


blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt

ltdivclass=card-bodygt

lth5class=card-titlegtflowertitlelth5gt

ltpclass=card-textgtLoremipsumdolorsitametcons

ecteturadipisicingelitltpgt

ltahref=adminmyappflowerfloweridchange

class=card-linkgtEditltagt

ltahref=adminmyappflowerfloweriddelete

class=card-linkgtDeleteltagt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock

Editthemyappviewspyfileandreplacethecontentswiththeselinesmyappviewspy

fromdjangoshortcutsimportrender


defindex(request)

flowers=Flowerobjectsall()

returnrender(requestmyappindexhtmlflowers

flowers)

Nowthefrontpagelookssomethinglikethis

Fornowtheeditanddeletefunctionalityisprovidedthroughtheadminuserinterface

144Details

1441ExplainingmodelsModelsofferanabstractedwaytointeractwithdataWithDjangorsquosdatabase-accessAPIyoucanuseFlowerobjectsall()togetallFlowersratherthandoingquerieslikeSELECTFROMFlowers

TocreatemodelswesubclassdjangodbmodelsModelmyappmodelspy




Weimportothermodulestogetaccesstothecodetheycontain

Flowerclassrepresentsadatabasetabletitleattributerepresentsadatabasefield

CharFieldisusedforsmallersizestringsUseTextFieldforlargertexts

Tomakeamodeleditableintheadmininterfaceyouhavetoregisteritaswedidinthemyappadminpyfile

myappadminpyadminsiteregister(Flower)

MakemigrationscommandcreatesthemigrationfilesThesefilesareusuallymovedwithrestofthecodeandappliedinotherenvironments


migratecommandupdatesthedatabaseschemaThiswillcreatetheFlowertableandtitlefield

Terminalpythonmanagepymigrate

createsuperusercommandcreatesthemainadministrationaccountThisuserhasallpermissionsbydefaultMakesuretouseadecentpasswordanduniqueusernameintheproductionserver

Terminalpythonmanagepycreatesuperuser

1442Returningastringrepresentation__str__methodreturnsahuman-readablerepresentationofanobjectInthiscaseweusethetitleattributetocreateit

myappmodelspydef__str__(self)

returnselftitle

YoucouldalsoformatthereturnstringusingmultiplefieldslikethisFormattingtherepresentation

def__str__(self)

returnfTitleselftitleDateselfdate

1443MakingdatabasequeriesNowthatwehavemodelswecaninteractwiththedatabaseusinganAPIFlowerobjectsall()returnsaQuerySetthatcontainsallFlowerobjectsin

thedatabaseFetchobjectsfromadatabase


InthemyappviewspyfilewepasstheflowersQuerySettothetemplateusingflowersflowers

myappviewspydefindex(request)



flowers)

Inthetemplateweuseaforlooptogothroughalltheobjectsmyapptemplatesmyappindexpy

forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary

Djangorsquosdatabase-accessAPImakesiteasytointeractwithpersistentdataYouhavetoregisteramodelwithadminsiteregister()tomakeitavailableintheadmininterface__str__isusedtocomputeahuman-readablerepresentationofanobjectYoucanseeitinuseintheadmininterfaceYoucanuseaforlooptoiteratethroughaQuerySetintemplates

15Creatingabaseproject

Thischaptercovers

Howtoprepareageneralbaseproject

151SetupTerminal

cp-fr14-Models15-Base-Project

cd15-Models


152AddingadescriptionfieldOpenmyappmodelspyfile

myappmodelspy15-Base-Project

myapp

modelspylthere

Addthedescriptionfieldmyappmodelspy




description=modelsTextField(default=)lthere

RunmigrationsTerminal



Visithttp1270018000adminandadddescriptionsfortheflowersYoucanfindmockdatainherehttpssamulitoLorem

153Addingmasonrylikecolumns

Editmyappindexhtmltemplateandwrapthecardsincard-columnsdivandusethedescriptionattributeforthecardtext

myapptemplatesmyappindexhtmlltdivclass=card-columnsgtlt--here--gt

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt



ltpclass=card-textgtflowerdescription|truncate

chars100ltpgtlt--here--gt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

card-columnsorganizesthecardsinamasonrylikecolumns

truncatecharsfiltertruncatesastringifitrsquoslongerthanthenumberspecifiedItalsoaddsanellipsissequencetotheend

154AddingafooterAddfooterelementtothebasehtmltemplate

basetemplatesbasebasehtml

ltmaingt

ltfooterclass=footergtlt--here--gt

ltdivclass=containergt

ltspanclass=text-mutedgt

Baseprojectfortheltatarget=_blankhref=h

ttpsleanpubcomdjango-the-easy-waygtDjango-TheEasy

Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt

Editthebaseappsitecssfileandaddstylingforthefooterclassbasestaticbasecsssitecss

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

Youshouldnowseesomethinglikethis

155Summary

WenowhaveadecentbaseprojecttoworkwithWeusethisforsomeofthechaptersasastartingpointYoumightwanttousethisasabaseforyourownexperimentsBootstrapofferssomehelpfulclasseslikecard-columnsthataccomplishquiteabitwithverylittlemarkupTemplatefiltersallowyoutomanipulatetemplateoutputliketruncatestringsorformatdates

16Creatingadetailpage

Thischaptercovers

HowtoaddadetailpageHowtocreateslugsHowtoreturncanonicalURLSwithget_absolute_url()HowtoreverseURLSHowtousetheurltemplatetag

161SetupTerminal

cp-fr15-Base-Project16-Detail-Page

cd16-Detail-Page


162AddingadetailpagepathEditmysiteappurlspyfileandaddapathtothedetailpage

mysiteurlspyurlpatterns=[


path(flowerltintidgtmyapp_viewsdetailname=deta

il)lthere

path(myapp_viewsindexname=index)

]

163CreatingthedetailviewEditmyappviewspyfileandaddthedetailfunction

myappviewspyfromdjangoshortcutsimportrenderget_object_or_404lt

here

frommodelsimportFlower

defindex(request)



flowers)

defdetail(requestid=None)lthere

flower=get_object_or_404(Flowerid=id)

returnrender(requestmyappdetailhtmlflower

flower)

Makesuretoimportget_object_or_404

164CreatingthedetailpagetemplateCreatedetailhtmlfileinthemyapptemplatesfolder

Detailpagetemplate16-Detail-Page

myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere

Fillitwiththeselinesmyapptemplatesmyappdetailpy

extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent

ltdivclass=jumbotrongt


lth1class=display-3gtflowertitlelth1gt

ltdivclass=leadgtflowerdescriptionltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock

Visithttp1270018000flower1andyoushouldseethedetailpagejumbotron

165CreatingslugsAccessingindividualflowerswithanidisnotthemostfriendlyapproachLetrsquosaddaSlugFieldtoholdahuman-readablepath

EditmyappmodelspyfileandaddaSlugFieldmyappmodelspy

fromdjangoutilstextimportslugifylthere




description=modelsTextField(default=)

slug=modelsSlugField(blank=Truedefault=)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle

defsave(selfargskwargs)lthere

selfslug=slugify(selftitle)

super(Flowerself)save()

Wecreatetheslugusingtheslugify()functioninthesavemethod

Editthedetailfunctioninthemyappviewspyfileandchangeallidoccurrencestoslug

myappviewspydefdetail(requestslug=None)lthere

flower=get_object_or_404(Flowerslug=slug)lthere


flower)

166UpdatingthepathEditmysiteappurlspyfileandchangethedetailpath

mysiteurlspypath(flowerltintidgtmyapp_viewsdetailname=detail

)

path(flowerltslugsluggtmyapp_viewsdetailname=detai

l)




Editallflowersyouhavecreatedandsavethemoncetogenerateslugs

167Definingget_absolute_url()methodWecanaddaldquoViewonsiterdquolinktotheadminbydefiningaget_absolute_urlmethodEditmyappmodelspyfileandaddthemethodtotheFlowerclass

myappmodelspyfromdjangoutilstextimportslugify


fromdjangourlsimportreverselthere


def__str__(self)

defsave(selfargskwargs)

defget_absolute_url(self)lthere

returnreverse(detailargs=[str(selfslug)])

EditaFlowerobjectandyouwillseealinkonthetoprightcornerClickittovisittheflowerdetailpage

168UsingurltagEditmyappindexhtmlfileandusetheurltagtolinkthecardtothedetailpage

myapptemplatesmyappindexhtmllth5class=card-titlegtltahref=urldetailflowerslug

gtflowertitleltagtlth5gt

Notemakesurethateachflowerhasaslugbyeditingandsavingthemonce

Visitthefrontpageandclickatitletoseethedetailpage

169Details

1691CapturingURLvaluesYoucanuseanglebracketstocapturevaluesfromtheURLInherewefirstcapturedtheidnumberandthentheslug


)


l)

Youcanoptionallyspecifyaconvertertypeintconvertertypeinltintidgtmeansthatthepathmatchesonlyintegers

1692UsingviewparametersInthemyappviewspyfilewespecifyaslugparameterTheslugfromtheURLwillbestoredinthisvariableslug=NonemeansthatthedefaultvalueisNoneifaparameterisnotpassedtothisview

myappviewspydefdetail(requestslug=None)

get_object_or_404returnsldquo404PagenotFoundrdquoerroriftheobjectdoesnrsquotexistOtherwisetheobjectwiththeslugfromtheURLparameterwillbestoredintheflowerobject

myappviewspyflower=get_object_or_404(Flowerslug=slug)

1693ExplainingslugsSlugisashortlabelthatcontainsonlylettersnumbersunderscoresorhyphensItrsquosoftenusedtoofferuser-friendlyURLSldquoproductmacbookrdquoisbetterthanldquoproduct-113zxcrdquoInourappweusethetitlefieldtocreatetheslug

InthemyappmodelspyweaddtheSlugFieldandspecifyblank=Truesothatthefieldcanbeemptyforthesave()methodtorun

myappmodelspyslug=modelsSlugField(blank=Truedefault=)

SlugifyfunctionconvertsstringstoURLslugsYoucanfinditindjangoutilstext


Youcanoverridepredefinedmodelmethodslikesave()myappmodelspy




Inthesave()methodwecanmakesomethinghappenwhentheobjectissavedInthiscaseweuseittogenerateaslug

Wehavetocallthesuperclassmethodsuper()sothatthesavemethoddefaultbehaviourwillbeexecutedandtheobjectstoredinthedatabase

argsandkwargsallowyoutocollectargumentsorkeywordargumentsandpassthemtothefunctionThisisaPythonconceptwedonrsquotexploreinthisbook

1694ReversingURLSYoucandefineget_absolute_urlmethodtocalculateacanonicalURLforanobjectInhereweusethereverse()functiontogettheURLtoaflowerobject

myappmodelspydefget_absolute_url(self)


ThereversefunctionissimilartotheurltagthatweusedwiththecardmarkupInherewepassthedetailpathnameldquodetailrdquoandtheslugasaparametertoit

Ifyouhaveapathlikethishellipmysiteurlspy

path(flowermyapp_viewsdetailname=detail)

hellipthenreverse(detail)willgenerateflower

Ifyouhaveapathlikethishellipmysiturlspy


l)

hellipthenreverse(detailargs=[str(selfslug)])willgenerateapathlikethisfloweramelanchier-asiatica

1610Summary

UseanglebracketswithpathstocaptureURLvaluesflowerltslugsluggtget_object_or_404()triestofetchanobjectbutreturnsaldquoPagenotFoundrdquoerroriftheobjectisnotfoundSlugFieldcanbeusedtostoreauser-friendlypathItrsquosusefultodefinetheget_absolute_url()methodforamodeltohaveaneasyaccesstocanonicalURLSUseurltagorobjectget_absolute_urlintemplatesinsteadofhardcodingURLS

17Addingcategoryasamany-to-onerelationhip

Thischaptercovers

Many-to-onerelationshipswithForeignKeyHowtoaccessrelatedobjects

171SetupTerminal

cp-fr15-Base-Project17-Category-ManyToOne

cd17-Category-ManyToOne


172AddingcategoryfieldandmodelEditmyappmodelspyfileandaddaCategoryclassandacategoryfield

myappmodelspyfromdjangodbimportmodels

classCategory(modelsModel)lthere


def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




category=modelsForeignKey(Categorynull=Trueon_delet

e=modelsPROTECT)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle

EditmyappadminpyandregistertheCategorymodelmyappadminpy


frommyappmodelsimportFlowerCategorylthere


adminsiteregister(Category)lthere




EdittheflowersandselectacategoryforeachitemYoucancreatethereferencedCategoryobjectwhileyouareeditingtheFlowerobjects

173UpdatingthehomepagetemplateEditthemyappindexhtmltemplatefileandprintoutthecategory

myapptemplatesmyappindexhtmlltpclass=card-textgtflowerdescription|truncatechars

100ltpgt

ltahref=class=card-linkgtflowercategoryltagtlt-

-here--gt

174Details

1741Examiningmany-to-onerelationshipsForeignKeyisamany-to-onerelationship

myappmodelspycategory=modelsForeignKey(Categoryon_delete=modelsPRO

TECTnull=True)

Categoriescanlinktomanyflowersbuteachflowercanhaveareferencetoonlyonecategory

ForeignKeyfieldrequirestwoargumentstherelatedmodelclassandon_deleteoption

TheFlowermodelisrelatedtoCategoryclasssowespecifythatasthefirstargument

on_delete=modelsPROTECTpreventsthedeletionofaCategoryobjectifitrsquosreferencedbyaFlowerobject

Youcandeletecategoriesthatarenotreferencedbyanyflower

null=TruemeansthatanemptyfieldwillbestoredasNULLinthedatabaseThisallowsustoruntheinitialmigrationwithoutspecifyingadefaultvalue

1742AccessingrelatedobjectsYoucanaccessrelatedobjectsthesamewayyouaccessanyattribute

Dotnotation

flowercategory

Ifyouneedtogetallflowersthatlinktoaspecificcategoryyoucanuse_setlikethis

Getrelatedflowerscategoryflower_set

Youcantestthisbyaddingthefollowingcodeinsidethecarddivinthemyappindexhtmlfile

myapptemplatesmyappindexhtmlltdivclass=cardgt

lthrgt

Allflowersintheltstronggtflowercategoryltstron

ggtcategoryltbrgt

forc_flowerinflowercategoryflower_setall

ltahref=class=card-linkgtc_flowerltagtltbrgt

endfor

ltdivgt

Useallinflowercategoryflower_setallsoyouhaveaniterabletoloopthrough

175Summary

ForeignKeyisamany-to-onerelationshipAnotherexamplewouldbeacarmodelthathasaforeignkeyrelationshiptoabrandmodelEachcarobject

canlinktoonlyonebrandobjectlikeldquoAudirdquoorldquoMercedes-BenzrdquobutthebrandscanlinktomanycarobjectsMakesuretoregistertheCategorymodelintheadminpyfilesoyoucancreatethereferencedobjectsontheflyIfyousetnull=TrueforafieldemptyvalueswillbestoredasNULLinthedatabase

18ReferencingtagswithaManyToManyfield

Thischaptercovers

Howtoreferencemultipleitemswithmany-to-manyrelationships

181SetupTerminal

cp-fr15-Base-Project18-Tags-ManyToMany

cd18-Tags-ManyToMany


182AddingthetagsfieldEditmyappmodelspyfileandaddTagmodelandtagsfield


classTag(modelsModel)lthere


def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




tags=modelsManyToManyField(Tag)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle

EditmyappadminpyfileandregistertheTagmodelmyappadminpy


frommyappmodelsimportFlowerTaglthere


adminsiteregister(Tag)lthere

Runmigrations




EditaflowerandaddsometagsMakesuretoselectmorethanonetag

183UpdatingthehomepagetemplateEditthemyappindexhtmltemplatefileandprintoutthetags


lthrgt

fortaginflowertagsall

ltahref=class=card-linkgttagltagt

endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary

ManyToManyrelationshipallowsourflowerstoreferencemanytagsandthetagstoreferencemanyflowers

19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreatealdquotagsrdquopagetodisplaytaggeditemsHowtodolookupsacrossrelationshipsHowtore-usetemplates

191SetupTerminal

cp-fr18-Tags-ManyToMany19-Tags-Page

cd19-Tags-Page


192AddingtagspathEditmysiteurlspyfileandaddapathtothetagspage




path(tagsltslugsluggtmyapp_viewstagsname=tags

)lthere

]

193AddingtheslugfieldEditmyappmodelspyfileandaddaSlugFieldtotheTagmodel



classTag(modelsModel)



def__str__(self)

returnselftitle



super(Tagself)save()

194CreatingthetagsviewEditmyappviewspyfileandaddatagsviewfunction



defindex(request)



flowers)

deftags(requestslug=None)lthere

flowers=Flowerobjectsfilter(tags__slug=slug)


flowers)




VisitadminmyapptagEditandsavethetagobjectstogenerateslugs

195UpdatinghomepagetemplateEditmyappindexhtmlfileanduseurltagstagslugtogeneratethelink

myapptemplatesmyappindexhtmllthrgt


ltahref=urltagstagslugclass=card-linkgtt

agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor

Nowthefrontpagetagslinktothetagspage

ClickthetaglinksandyouwillseetheaccordingtagpagetagsrosalesIfyouhaveFlowerstaggedwithldquoRosalesrdquoyouwillonlyseethoseitemsinthispage

196Details

1961DoinglookupsacrossrelationshipsInmyappviewspyfilewefetchobjectsthataretaggedwithaspecifictag

myappviewspydeftags(requestslug=None)

flowers=Flowerobjectsfilter(tags__slug=slug)lthe

re


flowers)

WithfilterfunctionyoucanreturnaQuerySetthatmatchlookupparametersInthiscaseourparameteristags__slug=slugThiswillreturnallflowerobjectsthathasareferencetoatagobjectwiththeslugfromtheURLtagsrosaleswouldfetchallflowerstaggedwithldquoRosalesrdquo

DjangohasplentyofotherqueryinteractiontoolsSeehttpssamulitoQuerySet-API

1962ReusingtemplatesYoumighthavenoticedthatweareusingthesamemyappindexhtmlinthefrontpageandinthetagspageReusingtemplateswillsaveyoualotoftimeandmakesiteasiertomakechangesNowifwewanttochangethecardstylingormarkupwecandoitinoneplaceThechangeswillshowupinthefrontpageandinthetagspage

197Summary

Djangooffersabigselectionofmethodslikefilter()tomodifyyourdataqueriesYoucandolookupsthroughrelationshipsusingthedoubleunderscore(__)syntaxtags__slug=slugReusingtemplateswillmakeyourapplookconsistentandeasiertomaintain

20Creatingasearchfeature

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreateasimplesearchfeatureHowtoworkwithGETparameters

201SetupTerminal

cp-fr18-Tags-ManyToMany20-Search

cd20-Search


202AddingasearchformEditbasehtmlfileandaddthefollowingltformgtelementatthebottomoftheltnavgtelement

basetemplatesbasebasehtmlltnavgt

ltformaction=method=getclass=form-inlinemt-2m

t-md-0gt

ltinputid=qname=qvalue=requestGETq

class=form-controlmr-sm-2type=textplaceholder=Searc

haria-label=Searchgt

ltbuttonclass=btnbtn-outline-successmy-2my-sm-0

type=submitgtSearchltbuttongt

ltformgt

ltnavgt

203UpdatingtheindexviewEditthemyappviewspyfileandreplacethecontentswiththeselines

myappviewspy



defindex(request)

q=requestGETget(qNone)

items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone

flowers=Flowerobjectsfilter(title__contains=q)


flowers)

NowyoucansearchtitlesbyprovidingaqGETparameterintheURL

http1270018000q=aga

Weareagainusingthesameindexhtmltemplate

204DetailsWhenauserrequestsapagelikeourfrontpageDjangocreatesanHttpRequestobjectThisobjectcontainsmetadataaboutthatrequestThisincludesallGETparameters

WecanthenaccessthoseparametersinHttpRequestGETInthiscaseweonlysendonetheqparameterThisisthenusedinthemyappindexview

Ifwedonrsquotprovidetheqparameteroritisanemptystringthenallobjectsarefetchedflowers=Flowerobjectsall()

IfqisprovidedwefetchallflowerswherethetitlefieldcontainsthequerystringFlowerobjectsfilter(title__contains=q)

205Summary

BootstrapprovidesagenerictemplatethatyoucanuseforthesearchformHttpRequestobjectcontainsmetadataaboutarequestWecanactonthatdatainsideviewsLikefilteritemsbasedonaGETparameter

21Workingwithformscreatingitems

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreateformswithModelForm

211SetupTerminal

cp-fr15-Base-Project21-Forms-Create

cd21-Forms-Create


212CreatingtheeditformCreateanedithtmlfileinthemyapptemplatesfolder

Templatelocationmyapp

templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml

Fillitwiththeselinesmyapptemplatesmyappedithtml

extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent

ltformaction=method=postgt

csrf_token

ltdivclass=rowjustify-content-centergt

ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt

ltbuttonclass=btnbtn-primarybtn-lgbtn-blockty

pe=submitgtSubmitltbuttongt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock

Wewillusethistemplatetocreateandeditfloweritems

213CreatingtheformclassCreateformspyfileinthemyappfolder

formspylocationmyapp

adminpy

appspy

formspylthere

Fillitwiththeselinesmyappformspy

fromdjangoimportforms

fromdjangoformsimportModelForm


classMyForm(ModelForm)

title=formsCharField(label=Title

widget=formsTextInput(attrs=classform-contr

ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]

214UpdatingurlpatternsEditmysiteappurlspyfileandaddthecreatepath




path(flowercreatemyapp_viewscreatename=create

)lthere

]

215CreatingtheviewfunctionEditmyappviewspyfileandaddacreateviewbelowtheindexview



fromdjangohttpimportHttpResponseRedirectlthere

fromformsimportMyFormlthere

defindex(request)

defcreate(request)lthere

ifrequestmethod==POST

form=MyForm(requestPOST)

ifformis_valid()

formsave()

returnHttpResponseRedirect()

else

form=MyForm()

returnrender(requestmyappedithtmlformform

)

216AddingamenuitemEditbaseappbasehtmlfileandaddamenulinktotheflowercreationform

basetemplatesbasebasehtmlltulgt

ltligtltagtHomeltagtltligt

ltliclass=nav-itemgtlt--here--gt

ltaclass=nav-linkhref=flowercreategt

CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt

IremovedunimportantCSSclassesforthebookThecompletemarkupisavailableattheGitHubrepository

Visitflowercreateandcreateaflower

Thenewflowerwillnowshowuponthefrontpage

Notethatthebootstrapclasscard-columnscreatesamasonrylikearrangementnotagrid

217Details

2171ProtectingagainstcrosssiterequestforgeriesInthemyappedithtmlfilewedefineaCSRFtoken

myapptemplatesmyappedithtmlltformaction=method=postgt

csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt

ThistokenaddsprotectionagainstCrossSiteRequestForgerieswheremaliciouspartiescancausevisitorrsquosbrowsertomakearequesttoyourwebsiteThecookiesinthevisitorbrowsermaketheappthinkthattherequestcamefromanauthorizedsource

UsethetokenonlyinPOSTrequestsYoudonrsquotneeditwithGETrequestsAnyrequestthathasapotentialtochangethesystemshoudbeaPOSTrequestLikewhenweaddflowerstothedatabase

GETrequestsareoftenusedinsituationswherethesystemstateisnotchangedlikewhenwequerydatabasewiththesearchformTheqsearchwordparameterispublicdatawedonrsquotneedtohideYouwanttobeabletosharelinkslikethishttpssamulinatricomsearchq=Django

AlsoyoushouldnrsquotusethetokenwithformsthatpointtoexternalURLSThisintroducesavulnerabilityasthetokenisleakedaction=intheformmeans

thatthePOSTdataissenttothecurrentinternalURL(flowercreate)

2172AddingformfieldsEasiestwaytogenerateHTMLmarkupfortheformfieldsistousetheformtemplatevariable

myapptemplatesmyappedithtmlltdivclass=col-6gt

form

ltdivgt

ThiswillproducethefollowingHTMLGeneratedHTML

ltdivclass=col-6gt

ltlabelfor=id_titlegtTitleltlabelgt

ltinputtype=textname=titlemaxlength=255class=

form-controlrequired=id=id_titlegt

ltdivgt

2173UsingtheFormclassFormclassrepresentsaformItdescribesaforminasimilarwaytheFlowermodeldescribeshowfieldsmaptodatabasefieldsWithformsthefieldsmaptoHTMLelements

ModelFormisahelperclassthatcreatesthatFormclassfromaModelmyappformspy




ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]

WithModelFormwedonrsquotneedtospecifythefieldsagainWealreadyaddthefieldsintheFlowermodel

FieldsarealreadyspecifiedinthemodelspyfileclassFlower(modelsModel)



ThiswouldbeenoughtocreateaformtoeditallFlowerfieldsmyappformspy

myappformspyclassMyForm(ModelForm)

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=__all__lthere

ItrsquosrecommendedtoexplicitlyspecifyallthefieldslikethisthoughFieldsshouldbeexplicitlyspecified

fields=[titledescription]

Otherwiseyoucouldunintentionallyexposefieldstouserswhenyouaddthemtothemodel

AformfieldisrepresentedasanHTMLldquowidgetrdquothatproducessomedefaultmarkupWecanmodifythatwidgetintheformdefinition

AddingCSSclassforBootstraptitle=formsCharField(label=Title

widget=formsTextInput(attrs=classform-cont

rol))

Theonlyreasonwedidthisisbecausewewantedtoaddtheform-controlCSSclasstothetitleinputelementThiswaywecantakeadvantageoftheBootstraptextualformcontrolstyling

2174ExaminingtheviewfunctionInthemyappviewspyfileweaddedthecreateviewfunction

myappviewspydefcreate(request)



ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)

FirstwecheckiftherequestisPOSTIfitrsquosnotwecreateanemptyformthatwepasstotheedithtmltemplate

Emptyformispassedtothetemplateifrequestmethod==POST

else

form=MyForm()

returnrender(requestmyappedithtmlformform)

ThisisthedefaultscenariowhenyoufirstvisittheflowercreatepageWeneedtocreatetheformobjectsothattheformHTMLcanbegeneratedusingthetemplatetags

IftherequestisPOSTwecreatetheformobjectandpopulateitwiththedatafromtherequest

PopulatingtheformobjectwiththePOSTdataifrequestmethod==POST


ThenwecheckiftheformdataisvalidandsavetheflowerValidatingandsavingthedata

ifformis_valid()

formsave()


Djangohasbuilt-invalidatorsthatitusesinternallyForexampleEmailValidatorforemailaddressesandvalidate_slugforslugsIftheinputdoesnrsquotsatisfythevalidatoraValidationErrorisraised

Thesave()methodcreatestheflowerobjectfromthedataboundtotheformandstoresitinthedatabase

WhenwesubmitaformusingaPOSTrequestourcreateviewwillinstantiatetheformobjectandpopulateitwiththeformdatafromtherequestWeldquobindrdquothedatatotheformItrsquosnowaldquoboundrdquoform

Thevalidateddatacanbeaccessedintheformcleaned_datadictionaryAccessingvalidateddata

ifformis_valid()

print(formcleaned_data[title])lthere

formsave()


Thiswillprintthevalidatedtitlefielddataintheterminal

AndfinallyHttpResponseRedirect()redirectsthevisitortothefrontpage

218Summary

Usecsrf_tokenwithinternalPOSTformstoprotectagainstCrossSiteRequestForgeriesformtemplatevariablegeneratesmarkupforallformfieldsFormclassrepresentsaformItsfieldsmaptoHTMLelementsModelFormisahelperclassthatallowsuscreatetheFormclassfromaDjangomodelAformfieldisrepresentedasanHTMLldquowidgetrdquoYoucanmodifythiswidgetintheformdefinitionThesubmittedformisprocessedinthecreateviewDjangohasbuilt-invalidationthattriggersaValidationErrorwhenthedatadoesnrsquotvalidatevalidateddataisstoredintheformcleaned_datadictionaryInthecreateviewwebindtheformdatatotheforminstanceformsave()methodcreatesadatabaseobjectusingthebounddata

22Workingwithformseditingitems

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreateaneditformPrimarykeyandidfield

221SetupTerminal

cp-fr21-Forms-Create22-Forms-Edit

cd22-Forms-Edit


222AddingthepathEditmysiteappurlspyfileandaddtheeditpath





)

path(flowereditltintpkgtmyapp_viewseditname=e

dit)lthere

]

223CreatingtheeditviewEditmyappviewspyfileandaddtheeditviewfunction


here


fromdjangohttpimportHttpResponseRedirect

fromformsimportMyForm

defindex(request)

defcreate(request)

defedit(requestpk=None)lthere

flower=get_object_or_404(Flowerpk=pk)


form=MyForm(requestPOSTinstance=flower)

ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm(instance=flower)


)

224UpdatingtheeditlinkEditmyappindexhtmlfileandchangetheeditlinktothis

myapptemplatesmyappindexhtmlltahref=urleditpk=flowerpkclass=card-linkgtE

ditltagt

YoucannoweditflowersbyclickingtheEditlinksonthefrontpage

225Details

2251CapturingtheidIntheeditpathwecapturetheflowerid

Editpathpath(flowereditltintpkgtmyapp_viewseditname=edit

)

ldquopkrdquoisashortcuttothemodelprimarykeyldquoidrdquoisthenameofthedefaultprimarykeyfieldTakealookatthe0001_initialpyfileinthemyappmigrations

folderDjangocreatestheidfieldautomatically

fields=[

(idmodelsAutoField)lthere

(titlemodelsCharFi)]

DjangowillautomaticallyaddtheidAutoFieldifyoudonrsquotspecifyprimary_key=Trueonanyofthefields

ItrsquosmoreflexibletousetheflowerpkshortcutwhenaccessingtheidfieldThiswayyoucanusethesamecodetoaccesstheidevenifyouchangetheprimarykeyfield

2252ExaminingtheeditviewInmyappviewspyfileweaddtheeditviewfunctionItisverymuchlikethecreateviewfunctionbutwithafewchanges

Editviewisalmostlikethecreateviewdefedit(requestpk=None)ltnew

flower=get_object_or_404(Flowerpk=pk)ltnew


form=MyForm(requestPOSTinstance=flower)ltnew

ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm(instance=flower)ltnew


)

Firstwepassthecapturedpktotheviewwithpk=NoneNoneisthedefaultvalueifpkargumentisnotprovided

get_object_or_404raisesanHttp404exceptionandreturnsastandard404(pagenotfound)errorpageiftheobjectmatchingthelookupparameters(pk=pk)isnotfound

MyForminheritsfromModelFormthatcanacceptamodelinstanceasakeywordargumentThismeansthattheformsave()methodwillnowupdateanexistingflowerinsteadofcreatinganewone

Wealsouseittopopulatetheinitialformwithform=MyForm(instance=flower)Whenyouvisitflowereditltpkgtyouwillbeabletoseeandedittheexistingdata

226Summary

pkisashortcuttothemodelprimarykeyfieldDjangocreatesadefaultidfieldautomaticallyunlessyousettheprimarykeyonanyfieldwithprimary_key=Trueget_object_or_404fetchesanobjectorreturnsapagenotfoundviewifitcanrsquotfindtheobjectmatchingthelookupparametersinstancekeywordargumentallowsustoupdateanexistingobjectwithformsave()methodandpopulatetheformwithanexistingdataforediting

23Workingwithformscustomization

Thischaptercovers

HowtochangetheorderofthefieldsHowtorendervalidationerrorsmanually

231SetupTerminal

cp-fr22-Forms-Edit23-Forms-Customization

cd23-Forms-Customization


232AddingthedescriptionfieldIfyouwanttohavemorecontrolfortheformmarkupyoucanprintouttheformfieldsmanuallyLetrsquosaddadescriptionfieldtotheformandcustomizethetemplate

Editmyappformspyfileandaddthedescriptionfieldtothefieldslistmyappforms







rol))

description=formsCharField(label=Descriptionlt

here

widget=formsTextarea(attrs=classform-contr

ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[titledescription]lthere

Editmyappedithtmltemplateandreplacetheformtemplatevariablewiththeselines

myapptemplatesmyappedithtmlformnon_field_errors

ltdivclass=form-groupgt

formdescriptionerrors

formdescriptionlabel_tag

formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details

2331ChangingfieldorderIfyoujustneedtochangetheorderofthefieldsyoucandoitinthemyappformspyfile

UpdatefieldslisttochangeorderclassMeta

model=Flower

fields=[descriptiontitle]lthere

Ifyouneedmoreflexibilityeditthemyappedithtmltemplateandprinttheformfieldsmanually

2332Customizingvalidationerrors

InputinginvaliddatageneratesavalidationerrorUseformtitleerrorstodisplaythoseerrorsmanually

formnon_field_errorswillrendernon-fieldspecificgeneralerrors

Notethatformrendersallfieldswiththeerrors

YoucouldgoevenfurtherandloopthroughtheerrorsmanuallyReplaceformtitleerrorswiththeselines

Loopingthrougherrorsmanuallyifformtitleerrors

ltolclass=alertalert-dangergt

forerrorinformtitleerrors

ltligtltstronggterror|escapeltstronggtltligt

endfor

ltolgt

endif

CheckouttheofficialdocumentationformorethemingoptionshttpssamulitoForm-Templates

234Summary

Youcanchangetheformfieldorderintheformdefinitionfields=[descriptiontitle]formrendersallmarkupforthefieldsyouspecifiedintheformclassIncludingtheerrors

Formorecontrolyoucanuseformtitleerrorsformtitlelabel_tagandformtitletorendertheformmarkupmanually

24Creatinganddeletingobjects

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeleteFlowerobjectswithacustomviewHowtousethePythoninteractiveinterpretertomanipulateobjectsandinteractwithDjango

241SetupTerminal

cp-fr23-Forms-Customization24-Object-Manipulation

cd24-Object-Manipulation


242AddingthedeletepathEditmysiteurlspyfileandaddthedeletepath





)


dit)

path(flowerdeleteltintpkgtmyapp_viewsdeletenam

e=delete)lthere

]

243AddingthedeleteviewWedonrsquotnecessaryneedaformtodeleteitemsYoucouldsimplecapturethepkfromtheURLanddothedeletionlogicinaview

Editmyappviewspyfileandaddthedeleteviewmyappviewspy

defindex(request)

defcreate(request)

defedit(requestpk=None)

defdelete(requestpk=None)lthere


flowerdelete()


244UpdatingthedeletelinkEditthemyappindexhtmltemplateandupdatethedeletelink

myapptemplatesmyappindexhtmlltdivclass=card-bodygt

ltahref=urleditpk=flowerpkclass=card-linkgt

Editltagt

ltahref=urldeletepk=flowerpkclass=card-link

gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt

Youcannowusethedeletelinksonthehomepagetoeraseitems

245DetailsMakesureyouhaveactivatedthevirtualenvironmentandopenthePythoninteractiveinterpreter

Interactiveinterpreterpythonmanagepyshell

gtgtgtfrommyappmodelsimportFlower

gtgtgtflower=Flower(title=Agathis)

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()

pythonmanagepyshellstartstheinteractivesession

FlowermodelcanbeinstantiatedlikeanyclassFlower(title=Agathis)createsanewFlowerobjectwiththetitleldquoAgathisrdquo

Flowersave()storesitinthedatabaseVisithomepagetoconfirmthatitwasactuallycreated

Inthemyappviewspyfileweuseflowerdelete()methodtodeletetheobjectfromthedatabase

delete()methoderasestheobjectfromthedatabaseflower=get_object_or_404(Flowerpk=pk)

flowerdelete()

YoucandothesamethingintheinteractiveinterpreterInteractiveinterpreter

gtgtgtflowerdelete()

(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt

flowerdelete()returnshowmanyobjectsweredeletedandhowmanydeletionswereexecutedbyobjecttypemyappFlower1Wedeleted1objectofthetypeFlower

YoucangetandupdateanobjectlikethisInteractiveinterpreter

gtgtgtflower=Flowerobjectsget(pk=1)

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAmelanchieralnifoliagt

gtgtgtflowertitle=UPDATED

gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary

YoucanusethePythoninteractiveinterpretertorunPythoncodeandinteractwithyourDjangoappsobject=Class()instantiatesaClassobjectobjectsave()savestheobjecttothedatabaseorupdatesitobjectdelete()deletestheobjectfromthedatabase

25AuthenticatinguserswithAllauth

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreateacompleteauthenticationsystemwithAllauthHowtouseBootstrap4withthedefaulttemplates

251SetupTerminal

cp-fr15-Base-Project25-Authentication

cd25-Authentication


252InstallingAllauthInstalltheAllauthpackage

Terminalpipinstalldjango-allauth

Updatethesettingspyfilemysitesettingspy

INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





djangocontribsiteslthere

allauthlthere

allauthaccountlthere

allauthsocialaccountlthere

base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere

EMAIL_BACKEND=djangocoremailbackendsconsoleEmailBac

kendlthere

LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL=lthere

Addaccountspathtotheurlspyfilemysiteurlspy


fromdjangourlsimportpathincludelthere


urlpatterns=[



path(accountsinclude(allauthurls))lthere

]



Openanotherbrowserorlogoutandcreateatestaccountinaccountssignup

253CreatingtemplatefilesEditmysiteappsettingspyfileandaddthetemplatesfoldertotheDIRS[]list

Locatingtemplates

DIRS[ospathjoin(BASE_DIRtemplates)ospathjoin(

BASE_DIRtemplatesallauth)]

CreateatemplatesfolderintherootofthesiteCreateallauthfolderinsideitCopytheaccountfolderfromtheallauthpackagefolderinsideit

Terminalmkdirtemplates

cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth

cp-frvenvlibpython37site-packagesallauthte

mplatesaccount

ThefolderstructureshouldnowlooklikethisAllauthtemplates

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml

Changethebasehtmlcontentsintheaccountfoldertothistemplatesallauthaccountbasehtml

extendsbasebasehtml

LogoutinaccountslogoutandvisitaccountssigninYoushouldseetheloginformwrappedinsidethebasetheme

254UpdatingthetemplatesforBootstrap4Installdjango-widget-tweakspackage

Terminalpipinstalldjango-widget-tweaks

Addwidget_tweakstotheINSTALLED_APPSlistmysitesettingspy

INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount

allauthsocialaccount

widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]

Createaform_snippethtmlinsidetheroottemplatesfoldertemplatesform_snippethtml

loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform

ltdivclass=fieldWrappermb-1gt

fielderrors

iffieldfieldwidgetinput_type=checkbox

ltlabelclass=sr-onlyfor=form_fieldauto_idgt

form_fieldlabelltlabelgt

field|add_classform-control

else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor

Wecannowre-usethissnippettorenderallfieldsinanytemplate

EditloginhtmlfileinthetemplatesallauthaccountfolderReplacetheformelementwiththeselines

templatesallauthaccountloginhtmlltformclass=form-accountloginmethod=POSTaction=u

rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token

includeform_snippethtmllt--here--gt

ifredirect_field_value

ltinputtype=hiddenname=redirect_field_namev

alue=redirect_field_valuegt

endif

ltaclass=buttonsecondaryActiond-blockmb-2href=u

rlaccount_reset_passwordgttransForgotPassword

ltagt

ltbuttonclass=btnbtn-lgbtn-primarybtn-blocktype=su

bmitgttransSignInltbuttongt

ltformgt

Noticetheformelementform-accountCSSclassAddtheformstylinginsitecss


padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto

Visitaccountsloginandyoushouldseethis

EditsignuphtmlfileinthetemplatesallauthaccountfolderReplacetheformelementwiththis

templatesallauthaccountsignuphtmlltformclass=form-accountsignupid=signup_formmethod=

postaction=urlaccount_signupgt

csrf_token

includeform_snippethtml


ltinputtype=hiddenname=redirect_field_nameval

ue=redirect_field_valuegt

endif

ltbuttonclass=btnbtn-lgbtn-primarybtn-blocktype=sub

mitgttransSignUpampraquoltbuttongt

ltformgt

Editpassword_changehtmlfileinthetemplatesallauthaccountfolderReplacetheformelementwiththeselines

templatesallauthaccountpassword_changehtmlltformmethod=POSTaction=urlaccount_change_password

class=form-accountpassword_changegt

csrf_token


ltbuttonclass=mt-1type=submitname=actiongttrans

ChangePasswordltbuttongt

ltformgt

255Details

2551ConfigurationoptionsTheAllauthpackageoffersquiteabitconfigurationoptionsLetrsquostakealookatwhatweused

mysitesettingspySITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere


SITE_ID=1hastomatchthesiteaddedinadminsitessiteInthiscaseweusethedefaultexamplecomsite

WithEMAIL_BACKENDvariablewetellDjangotowriteemailstothestandardoutputinsteadoftryingtosendtheemailsThisisusefulfordevelopmentbutforproductionyoushouldusesomethinglikeSendGridWewilldothatintheSendingEmailschapter

Youcantrythisbyvisitingaccountspasswordreset

Emailsarewritteninthestandardoutputstream

Subject[examplecom]PasswordResetE-mail

Fromwebmasterlocalhost

Totestexampleorg

WithLOGIN_REDIRECT_URLweredirecttheusertothehomepageafterasuccessfulloginOtherwiseyouwouldberedirectedtoaprofilepagethatdoesnrsquotexistbydefault

CheckouttheofficialdocumentationformoreconfigurationoptionshttpssamulitoDjango-Allauth

2552AddingthepathsIntheurlspyfileweincludedalldjango-allauthpathswithoneline




urlpatterns=[




]

HereisalistforallpathsitprovidesAlldjango-allauthpaths

accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout

accountspasswordchange

accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail

accountsconfirm-email

accountsconfirm-emailltkeygt

accountspasswordreset

accountspasswordresetdone

accountspasswordresetkeyltuidb36gt

accountspasswordresetkeydone

accountssociallogincancelled

accountssocialloginerror

accountssocialsignup

accountssocialconnections

Notethatweonlycustomizedallmajortemplatesbutyoucantakealookatthetemplatesallauthfolderandgothroughallofthem

2553django-widget-tweaksWithdjango-widget-tweaksyoucanmanipulateformfieldrenderingintemplatesIuseittoaddtheform-controlCSSclasstoinputfields

templatesform_snippethtmlloadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors




field|add_classform-controllt--here--gt

else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor

Iuseifstatementtoexcludetheform-controlCSSclassfromcheckboxes

Readmoreaboutthedjango-widget-tweakspackagehttpssamulitoWidget-Tweaks

256Summary

Withdjango-allauthpackageyoucanaddanaccountmanagementfunctionalitywithoutwritinganycustomviews

IndevelopmentenvironmentyoucanuseEMAIL_BACKENDvariabletowriteemailstothestandardoutputforeasydebuggingWithdjango-widget-tweakpackageyoucanchangeformfieldrenderingintemplates

26Authorization

Thischaptercovers

HowtomanageuserpermissionswithgroupsHowtomanageaccessusingdecorators

261SetupTerminal

cp-fr24-Object-Manipulation26-Authorization

cd26-Authorization


262AddingtheEditorgroupVisitadminandaddanewldquoEditorrdquogroupusingtheldquo+Addrdquolink

Selectthefollowingpermissionsandclicksave

263CreatingatestuserVisitadminandaddanewuserusingtheldquo+Addrdquolink

AddusertotheEditorgroup

CheckStaffstatuscheckboxandsave

OpenanotherbrowserandloginthetestuserinadminOurtestuserhasnowpermissionstomanageFloweritems

IfyouremovethetestuserfromtheEditorgroupthentheadmininterfacewouldshowthefollowingmessage

OurtestusercanstilllogintotheadminbecausetheStaffstatusisstillenabledfortheaccount

264Usingpermissions

Editmyappindexhtmlpageandaddifstatementstochecktheuserpermissionsmyapptemplatesmyappindexhtml

requestuserget_all_permissionslt--here--gt

ltdivclass=card-columnsgt

forflowerinflowers

ifpermsmyappchange_flowerlt--here--gt

ltahref=urleditpk=flowerpkclass=card

-linkgtEditltagt

endif

ifpermsmyappdelete_flowerlt--here--gt

ltahref=urldeletepk=flowerpkclass=ca

rd-linkgtDeleteltagt

endif

endfor

ltdivgt

requestuserget_all_permissionsshowsthecurrentuserpermissions

NowonlyuserswithcorrectpermissionswillseetheEditandDeletelinks

265UsingdecoratorsButcurrentlyanyonecanmanageflowersusingourcustomformsLetrsquosrestrictaccesswithdecorators

Editmyappviewspyfileandaddthedecoratorsmyappviewspy

fromdjangocontribauthdecoratorsimportpermission_requi

redlthere

defindex(request)

permission_required(myappadd_flower)lthere

defcreate(request)

permission_required(myappchange_flower)lthere


permission_required(myappchange_delete)lthere

defdelete(requestpk=None)

Nowonlyaccountswiththerightpermissionscanaccesstheseviews

266Details

2661AuthenticationvsauthorizationAuthenticationisaboutverifyingauserAuthorizationisaboutrestrictingorallowingaccesstoresources

WithGroupsyoucangivemultiplepermissionstousersatonceTheEditorgroupcontainspermissionsforaddingchanginganddeletingflowersTheuserwhobelongstotheEditorgroupwillgetallthesepermissions

requestuserget_all_permissionsrevealsthemachinenamesforthecurrentuserpermissions

Userpermissionsmyappdelete_flower

myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower

YoucanusepermsPERMISSIONintemplatestoaccessthecurrentuserpermissions

Checkinguserpermissionsifpermsmyappchange_flower

endif

2662ControllingaccesswithdecoratorsDecoratorsallowustodynamicallyalterafunctionoraclassDjangoprovidessomeusefuldecoratorsrelatedtouseraccesshttpssamulitoAuth-Decorators

Usingadecorator

Usingadecoratorpermission_required(myappadd_flower)

defcreate(request)

Anotherusefulisthelogin_requireddecoratorlogin_requireddecorator

login_required

defprofile(request)

Inthiscaseyouwouldhavetobelogged-intoaccesstheprofilepageOtherwisethevisitorwillberedirectedtoaURLspecifiedwithsettingsLOGIN_URL

267Summary

YoucangrouppermissionsandassignuserstothesegroupsCurrentuserpermissionsareavailableintemplatesusingthepermstemplatevariablerequestuserget_all_permissionsdisplaysallpermissionsforthecurrentlogged-inuserpermission_required()decoratorchecksifthecurrentuserhasaparticularpermissionThisisaconvenientwaytorestrictaccesstospecificviewslogin_requiredisamoregeneraldecoratorthatrequiresthatuserhastobelogged-in

27Creatinganimagegallery

Thischaptercovers

HowtouploadimagesHowtoservetheimagesinlocalhostHowtoshowtheimagesinagridusingBootstrap4album

271SetupTerminal

cp-fr15-Base-Project27-Image-Gallery

cd27-Image-Gallery


272InstallingpillowInstallthepillowpackage

Terminalpipinstallpillow

273ConfiguringmediavariablesEditmysiteappsettingspyfileandspecifyMEDIA_URLandMEDIA_ROOTvariables

mysitesettingspySTATIC_URL=static

MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media

274AddingImageFieldEditmyappmodelspyfileandaddanImageField





image=modelsImageField(default=blank=Trueuploa

d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




275AddingimagestoflowersVisitadminedittheflowersandaddsomeimages

YoucanfindexampleimagesinthisfolderhttpssamulitoFlowers

Imagesareuploadedinthemediaimagesfolder

276UsingthestatichelperfunctionEditmysiteappurlspyfileandusethestatic()helperfunction




fromdjangoconfimportsettingslthere

fromdjangoconfurlsstaticimportstaticlthere

urlpatterns=[



]+static(settingsMEDIA_URLdocument_root=settingsMEDIA

_ROOT)lthere

277AddingthegridEditmyappindexhtmlfileandreplacethecontentswiththeselines


blockcontent

ltdivclass=albumpy-5gt


ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=col-md-4gt

ltdivclass=cardmb-4shadow-smgt

ltimgclass=card-img-topsrc=flowe

rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt


ltpclass=card-textgtThisisawide

rcardwithsupportingtextbelowasanaturallead-into

additionalcontentThisconten

tisalittlebitlongerltpgt

ltdivclass=d-flexjustify-content-

betweenalign-items-centergt

ltdivclass=btn-groupgt

ltbuttontype=buttonclass

=btnbtn-smbtn-outline-secondarygtViewltbuttongt


=btnbtn-smbtn-outline-secondarygtEditltbuttongt

ltdivgt

ltsmallclass=text-mutedgt9min

sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock

YoucanfindthegridmarkupinherehttpssamulitoGrid

Visithomepageandyoushouldseethealbumgrid

278DetailsYouneedtoinstallthePillowlibrarytoaddanImageField

myappmodelspyimage=modelsImageField(default=blank=Trueupload_to

=images)

upload_to=imagesstorestheuploadedimagesinthemediaimagesfolder

Inthedevelopmentphaseyoucanservetheseuser-uploadedfilesusingstatic()helperfunction

myappurlspyurlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere

ThisfunctionworksonlyindebugmodeYouhavetohaveDEBUG=TrueconfiguredinthesettingspyfileWithHerokuplatformwewillservethemediafilesfromanAmazonsAWSbucketlaterinthebook

UseflowerimageurltoaccessimageURLSintemplatesAccessingtheimageurl

ltimgclass=card-img-topsrc=flowerimageurl

ThegridisjustabasicBootstrapalbumhttpssamulitoBootstrap-Album

279Summary

PillowpackageaddsimageuploadingandprocessingcapabilitiesMEDIA_ROOTisthephysicalpathtotheimagesMEDIA_URListheURLpathyouusetoaccessthemediafilesYoucanusestatic()functiontoservethefilesindebugmodeInproductionenvironmentyouhavetoimplementotherwaystoservetheimagesIntemplatestheimageURLSareaccessedwiththefamiliardotldquordquonotationflowerimageurl

Inthenextchapterwegeneratesmallerimagesandcropthem

28Addingimagethumbnails

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreatethumbnailswithImageKit

281SetupTerminal

cp-fr27-Image-Gallery28-Image-Thumbnails

cd28-Image-Thumbnails


282InstallingImageKitTerminal

pipinstalldjango-imagekit

EditmysiteappsettingspyfileandaddimagekittotheINSTALLED_APPSlistmysitesettingspy

INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]

283AddingthethumbnailfieldEditmyappmodelspyfileandaddtheimage_thumbnailfield

mysitemodelspyfromdjangodbimportmodels

fromimagekitmodelsimportImageSpecFieldlthere

frompilkitprocessorsimportResizeToFilllthere





d_to=images)

image_thumbnail=ImageSpecField(source=image

processors=[ResizeToFill(350200)]

format=JPEG

options=quality60)lthere

Editmyappindexhtmlfileandreplaceflowerimageurlwithflowerimage_thumbnailurl

myapptemplatesmyappindexhtmlltimgclass=card-img-topsrc=flowerimage_thumbnailur

l

VisitthehomepagetogeneratetheimagethumbnailsTheywillbeservedfrompathslikethis

mediaCACHEimagesimagesAgapanthusjpg

284DetailsItrsquosveryusefultogeneratethumbnailsforimagesYoucanalwaysaddlinkstotheoriginalimagesifneededWeuseImageKittocropandresizetheimagesThethumbnailsaregeneratedasthepagewheretheimagesareusedisaccessedthefirsttime

UsingtheoriginaluploadedimagescanresultinveryheavypagesForexampleAmelanchier_asiatica5jpgthatIusedfortestingwas43MBImageprocessingreducedthatsizeto182KB

ImageSpecFieldissimilartoImageFieldbutitautomaticallyappliestheimageprocessingwespecify

ImageSpecFielddoestheimageproccessingimage=modelsImageField(default=blank=Trueupload_to

=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)

source=imageistheoriginalimagefieldWecanadddifferentprocessors(httpssamulitoProcessors)tomanipulatetheimageResizeToFillresizesandcropstheimageHerewealsospecifyimageformatandcompression

YoucanaccessthethumbnailURLusingthedotldquordquonotationintemplatesflowerimage_thumbnailurl

285Summary

CreatingthumbnailscanreducetheimagesizessubstantiallyImageKitpackageenablesaselectionofimageprocessingtools

29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku

291SetupCreateafolderoutsidetheprojectsfolder

Terminalmkdirdeployments

cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv


pipinstalldjangodjango-herokugunicorn

pipfreezegtrequirementstxt



django-herokupackageinstallssomedependencieslikepsycopg2forPostgreSQLsupportandwhitenoiseforservingstaticfilesstraightfromtheapp

Terminaldeploymentslthere

herokulthere

projects

292CreatingaHerokuappVisithttpssamulitoHerokuandcreateanaccount

PressCreatenewapp

Restofthechaptershowssn-01astheappnameReplaceitwiththenameofyourapp

293InstallingHerokuCLI

2931InstallationinWindowsVisithttpssamulitoHeroku-CLIanddownloadtheWindowsinstaller

2932InstallationinmacOSTerminal

Terminalxcode-select--install

brewinstallherokubrewheroku

2933InstallationinUbuntuTerminal

sudosnapinstall--classicheroku

2934AuthenticatingwithabrowserUseherokulogininterminaltologin

Terminalherokulogin

herokuPressanykeytoopenupthebrowsertologinorq

toexit

Loggingindone

Loggedinasuserexampleorg

294CreatingaProcfileCreateafilecalledProcfileintheprojectrootandwritethislineinit

Procfilecontentswebgunicornmysitewsgi

295UpdatingthesettingspyfileEditsettingspyfileandimportdjango_herokupackageonthetopandchangeDEBUGandALLOWED_HOSTSvariables

mysitesettingspyimportdjango_herokulthere

importos

DEBUG=Falselthere

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[sn-01herokuappcom]lthere

Addthefollowinglinesatthebottomofthefilemysitesettingspy

django_herokusettings(locals())

try

fromlocal_settingsimport

exceptImportError

pass

Createalocal_settingspyfilemysitelocal_settingspy

DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]

296CreatingtherepositoryVisithttpssamulitoGitandinstallGit

Createagitignorefileinthesiterootgitignorefile

venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store

VisithttpssamulitoDj-Gitignoretooseemorecomprehensivegitignoreexample

InitialisegitrepositoryandpushitTerminal

gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial

herokugitremote-asn-01

gitpushherokumaster

RunmigrateandcreateasuperuserTerminal

herokurunpythonmanagepymigrate

herokurunpythonmanagepycreatesuperuser

Visityourappadminpagesinhttpssn-01herokuappcomadmin

NotewedonrsquotseethewelcomescreenonthefrontpagebecausetheproductionsiteisnotindebugmodeYougetldquoTherequestedURLwasnotfoundonthisserverrdquoinsteadbecausewedonrsquothaveaviewforthehomepage

297Pushingchanges

LetrsquosaddahomepageandsomeCSSstylingThedjango-herokupackageinstallstheWhitenoisepackagethatallowsyourwebapptoserveitsownstaticfilesCheckoutthenextchapteronhowtoservestaticfilesanduser-uploadedfilesfromAmazonAWS

Terminaldjango-adminstartappblog

Addanindexviewblogviewspy



returnrender(requestblogindexhtml)

Createanindexhtmlfilewiththiscontentblogtemplatesblogindexhtml

loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt

lttitlegtBloglttitlegt

ltlinkrel=stylesheethref=staticblogcsssitec

ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Youhavetocreatethefolderstructureblogtemplatesblog

Createasitecssfilewiththiscontentblogstaticblogcsssitecss

h1colorred

Youhavetocreatethefolderstructureblogstaticblogcss

Editurlspyfileandaddtheindexpathmysiteurlspy



fromblogimportviewslthere

urlpatterns=[


path(viewsindexname=index)lthere

]

AddlsquoblogrsquototheINSTALLED_APPSlistmysitesettingspy

INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd

gitcommit-mAddBlogapp

gitpushherokumaster

Visittheproductionsitehomepageandyoushouldseethis

Notewedidnrsquothavetorunldquoherokurunpythonmanagepymigraterdquobecausewedidnrsquotmakeanychangesthatrequiredatabaseupdates

298UpdatingthedatabaseLetrsquoscreateaPostmodelandupdatethedatabase

blogmodelspyfromdjangodbimportmodels

classPost(modelsModel)


Registeritinadminpyblogadminpy


frommodelsimportPost


RunlocalmigrationsTerminal





Loginandcreateapostitemtoseethatitworkslocallybeforeyoupushit

PushthechangesTerminal

gitadd

gitcommit-mAddPostmodel

gitpushherokumaster

ApplychangestotheremotedatabaseTerminal


Visityourherokuappadminpageandaddcontent

299Summary

django-herokuaddssettingsconfigurationThisincludesthingslikeDATABASE_URLsothatyoudonrsquothavetoadddatabaseconfigurationmanuallyItalsoinstallsomeextrapackageslikewhitenoisethatallows

youtoservestaticfilesdirectlyfromtheappwithoutusingNginxAmazonS3oranyothersimilarsolutionUseldquopipfreezegtrequirementstxtrdquotogenerateadependencylistThesewillbeinstalledautomaticallywhenyoupushthecodeRemembertosetDEBUG=FalseandconfigureALLOWED_HOSTSvariableinthesettingspyfileforproductionenvironmentsItrsquosusefultocreatemultiplesettingsfileslikelocal_settingspytoaddenvironmentspecificconfigurationHerokuCLIallowsyoutointeractwiththeplatformusingacommandlineItrequiresGITtoworkYoucanrunremotecommandswithldquoherokurunltcommandgtrdquoForexampleifyoumakechangestothedatabaseschemayoushouldrunldquoherokurunpythonmanagepymigraterdquoUseldquogitpushherokumasterrdquotopushchangestotheplatformCheckouttheldquoHerokuPipelinesrdquochapteronhowtocreateaproperdeploymentflow

30UsingAmazonAWStoservefiles

Thischaptercovers

Howtoservestaticassetsanduser-uploadedfilesfromanAmazonbucket

301SetupUsetheprojectfromtheldquoHerokuDeploymentrdquochaptertotestthis

302CreatinganAmazonAWSbucketVisithttpssamulitoAWSandcreateanaccount

VisithttpssamulitoS3andaddabucket

ClickNextfortherestofthesettingsandhitCreatebucket

303SettinguppermissionsVisitServicesandclickIAMundertheSecurityIdentityampCompliancelabel

ClickUsersandAdduser

CheckProgrammaticaccess

Createanewgroup

CheckAmazonS3FullAccess

ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser

Wewillusethisinformationinthesettingspyfile

304UpdatingsettingspyfileUpdatesettingspyfileandaddtheconfiguration

mysitesettingspydjango_herokusettings(locals())

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=ACCESS_KEY

AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=SECRET

AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME=sn-test-01

AWS_DEFAULT_ACL=None

AWS_LOCATION=static

AWS_MEDIA_LOCATION=media

STATIC_URL=httpsss3amazonawscoms(AWS_STORA

GE_BUCKET_NAMEAWS_LOCATION)

STATICFILES_STORAGE=storagesbackendss3boto3S3Boto3Sto

rage

DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE=mysitestoragesMediaStorage

try


exceptImportError

pass

Createastoragespyfileandfillitwiththeselinesmysitestoragespy

fromdjangoconfimportsettings

fromstoragesbackendss3boto3importS3Boto3Storage

classMediaStorage(S3Boto3Storage)

location=settingsAWS_MEDIA_LOCATION

file_overwrite=False

305AddinganimagefieldtothePostmodelEditblogappmodelspyfileandaddanImageField

blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere

306InstallingpackagesInstallpackagesandpush

Terminalpipinstalldjango-storagesboto3pillow




gitadd

gitcommit-mAdddjango-storagesboto3pillowandPost

modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster


VisittheproductionsiteinhttpsYOUR_APPherokuappcomandcreateaPostwithanimage

ThepostimagewillbenowservedfromanURLlikethissn-test-01amazonawscommediaimagesAgapanthuspng

OpenthepagesourcecodeandyouwillseethatthestaticfilesarenowservedfromURLSlikethissn-test-01s3amazonawscomstaticadmincssbasecss

Inthebucketfolderyounowhaveseparatefoldersformediaandstaticfiles

307Summary

Boto3isanAmazonsoftwaredevelopmentkitthatallowsPythonprogramstouseserviceslikeAmazonS3Itrsquosnotuncommontoservestaticassetsanduser-uploadedfilesfromexternalsourcesAmazonS3canalsobeintegratedwithacontentdeliverynetworklikeAmazonCloudFronthttpssamulitoAmazon-CloudFront

31SettingupHerokupipelines

Thischaptercovers

HowtocreateacontinuousdeploymentworkflowwithHerokupipelines


312CreatingaGitHubrepositoryVisithttpssamulitoGitHubandcreateanaccount

Createanewrepository

GotoyourprojectfolderAddaremoteandpushthecodetoGitHubTerminal

gitremoteaddorigingitgithubcomSamuliNatrisn-01git

gitpush-uoriginmaster

RefreshtheGitHubpageandyoushouldseetheprojectcode

313CreatingapipelineVisityourHerokuappDeploypageandcreateapipeline

PressConnecttoGitHub

LogintoGitHubandAuthorizeheroku

SearchfortherepositoryandConnectit

VisitthePipelinepageandEnableAutomaticDeploys

314TestingdeploymentEdittheindexhtmltemplateandchangetheldquoHomerdquotext

blogtemplatesblogindexhtmlloadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHome(Update)lth1gtlthere

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd

gitcommit-mUpdatehomepage

gitpush

InamomentyouwillseeldquoBuildingapprdquotextonthepage

AndldquoDeployedrdquotextwhenthedeploymentisready

VisittheappURLandyoushouldseethechanges

ThesedeploymentswillalsoshowintheGitHubDeploymentssection

315AddingaproductionappVisitthePipelinepage

AddaProductionapp

PressyourstagingappPromotetoproductionbutton

Visityourproductionapphomepageanditshouldlooklikethestagingapphomepage

316EnablingreviewappsVisitthePipelinepageandpressEnableReviewApps

Createanappjsonfile

ScrolltothebottomandpressCommittoRepo

CheckCreatenewreviewappshellipautomaticallyandDestroystalereviewappsPressEnable

Notethatreviewappsmayincurdynoandadd-onchargeshttpssamulitoReview-Apps

YoucanalsonotchecktheCreatenewreviewappshellipautomaticallyoptionandcreatepreviewappsmanuallyonthePipelinepage

317UsingpullrequestsLetrsquosmakeachangeandcreateapullrequest

PullchangesandcreateabranchTerminal

gitpull

gitcheckout-bnew_homepage

Weneedtopulltheappjsonfilethattheplatformaddedtotherepo

Edittheindexhtmltemplateandmakesomechanges

blogtemplatesblogindexhtmlltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtNEWFANCYHOMEPAGElth1gtlt--here--gt

ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd

gitcommit-mNewhomepagesuggestion

gitpush--set-upstreamoriginnew_homepage

UselinkintheTerminaltocreateaPullrequestorvisitthePullrequestspageonGitHub

WriteadescriptionandcreateaPullrequest

VisitthePipelinepageandclickOpenappinbrowserafterthepreviewappisready

Youcannowevaluatethepullrequestinthepreviewapp

VisitGitHubandmergethepullrequest

VisitthePipelinepageandwaitforthestagingapptobedeployedPressPromotetoproductionandthenewfancyhomepageisnowlive

ThepullrequestandmergingflowisalsovisibleinGitHub

318DeletingthebranchWedonrsquotneedthenew_homepagebranchanymoresinceitrsquosnowmergedtothemasterbranch

Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull

gitbranch-dnew_homepage

319Summary

HerokuprovidesanicecontinuousdeliveryworkflowoutoftheboxReviewappsallowyoutotestGitHubpullrequestswithdisposableHerokuapps

32SendingemailswithSendGrid

Thischaptercovers

HowtosendemailswithSendGrid

321CreatinganaccountVisithttpssamulitoSendGridandcreateanaccount

CopythebaseprojectTerminal

cp-fr15-Base-Project32-Sending-Emails

cd32-Sending-Emails


Editsettingspyfileandaddthefollowingconfigurationusingtheusernameandpasswordyouprovidedinthesign-inprocess

mysitesettingspy

EMAIL_HOST=smtpsendgridnet

EMAIL_HOST_USER=sendgrid_username

EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD=sendgrid_password

EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True

TestthemailintheinteractiveinterpreterInteractiveinterpreter

pythonmanagepyshell

gtgtgtfromdjangocoremailimportsend_mail

gtgtgtsend_mail(SubjecthereHereisthemessageadmi

n-mailgmailcom[some-other-mailgmailcom]fail_sile

ntly=False)

Youshouldnowreceivetheemailinyourinbox

322Summary

SendingemailswithSendGridisjustmatterofcreatinganaccountwiththeserviceandaddingtherightconfigurationtothesettingspyfile

Licenses

ImagesinthebookandsourcecoderepositoryarelicensedunderCCBY-SA30andCCBY-SA40

ldquoAmelanchierAsiaticardquobyKENPEIislicensedunderCCBY-SA30

ldquoAgapanthusafricanusrdquobyKurtStuberislicensedunderCCBY-SA30

ldquoAmelanchieralnifoliaatIcicleCanyonChelanCountyWashingtonrdquobyThayneTuasonislicensedunderCCBY-SA40

Preface

About this book

Who is this book for

What this book is NOT about

How this book is organized

Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author

1 Installing Python on Windows

11 Downloading and installing Python

12 Using the interactive prompt

13 Details

131 Python interpreter

14 Summary

2 Installing Python on macOS



23 Details


24 Summary

3 Installing Python on Linux

31 Installing Python


33 Details


34 Summary

4 Creating virtual environments in Windows

41 Creating and activating virtual environments

42 Summary

5 Creating virtual environments in macOS


52 Summary

6 Creating virtual environments in Linux


62 Summary

7 Virtual environments and pip

71 Why use virtual environments

72 Details

721 Organizing folders

722 Freezing requirements

723 Excluding venv from the repository

724 Using other tools

725 Using python vs python3

73 Summary

8 Creating a Django project

81 Setup

82 Creating a new Project

83 Running the development server

84 Details

85 Summary

9 Creating a Hello World app

91 Setup

92 Creating apps

93 Creating template files

94 Creating views

95 Adding a homepage path

96 Summary

10 Examining the project structure and apps

101 Adding features with apps

102 Exploring the project structure

103 Exploring the project package

104 Summary

11 Working with template inheritance

111 Setup

112 Creating a base app

113 Extending templates

114 Details

115 Summary

12 Installing Bootstrap 4 theme

121 Setup

122 Modifying an existing template

123 Updating the homepage template

124 Details

125 Summary

13 Managing static files

131 Setup

132 Creating a stylesheet file

133 Details

1331 Working with static files

1332 Using the static tag

1333 Forcing cache refresh with versioning

134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup

142 Creating the Flower model

143 Listing flowers

144 Details

1441 Explaining models

1442 Returning a string representation

1443 Making database queries

145 Summary

15 Creating a base project

151 Setup

152 Adding a description field

153 Adding masonry like columns

154 Adding a footer

155 Summary

16 Creating a detail page

161 Setup

162 Adding a detail page path

163 Creating the detail view

164 Creating the detail page template

165 Creating slugs

166 Updating the path

167 Defining get_absolute_url() method

168 Using url tag

169 Details

1691 Capturing URL values

1692 Using view parameters

1693 Explaining slugs

1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary

17 Adding category as a many-to-one relationhip

171 Setup

172 Adding category field and model


174 Details

1741 Examining many-to-one relationships

1742 Accessing related objects

175 Summary

18 Referencing tags with a ManyToMany field

181 Setup

182 Adding the tags field


184 Summary

19 Creating a tags page

191 Setup

192 Adding tags path

193 Adding the slug field

194 Creating the tags view

195 Updating homepage template

196 Details

1961 Doing lookups across relationships

1962 Reusing templates

197 Summary

20 Creating a search feature

201 Setup

202 Adding a search form

203 Updating the index view

204 Details

205 Summary

21 Working with forms creating items

211 Setup

212 Creating the edit form

213 Creating the form class

214 Updating urlpatterns

215 Creating the view function

216 Adding a menu item

217 Details

2171 Protecting against cross site request forgeries

2172 Adding form fields

2173 Using the Form class

2174 Examining the view function

218 Summary

22 Working with forms editing items

221 Setup

222 Adding the path

223 Creating the edit view

224 Updating the edit link

225 Details

2251 Capturing the id

2252 Examining the edit view

226 Summary

23 Working with forms customization

231 Setup

232 Adding the description field

233 Details

2331 Changing field order

2332 Customizing validation errors

234 Summary

24 Creating and deleting objects

241 Setup

242 Adding the delete path

243 Adding the delete view

244 Updating the delete link

245 Details

246 Summary

25 Authenticating users with Allauth

251 Setup

252 Installing Allauth


254 Updating the templates for Bootstrap 4

255 Details

2551 Configuration options

2552 Adding the paths

2553 django-widget-tweaks

256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup

262 Adding the Editor group

263 Creating a test user

264 Using permissions

265 Using decorators

266 Details

2661 Authentication vs authorization

2662 Controlling access with decorators

267 Summary

27 Creating an image gallery

271 Setup

272 Installing pillow

273 Configuring media variables

274 Adding ImageField

275 Adding images to flowers

276 Using the static helper function

277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary

28 Adding image thumbnails

281 Setup

282 Installing ImageKit

283 Adding the thumbnail field

284 Details

285 Summary

29 Deploying on Heroku

291 Setup

292 Creating a Heroku app

293 Installing Heroku CLI

2931 Installation in Windows

2932 Installation in macOS

2933 Installation in Ubuntu

2934 Authenticating with a browser

294 Creating a Procfile

295 Updating the settingspy file

296 Creating the repository

297 Pushing changes

298 Updating the database

299 Summary

30 Using Amazon AWS to serve files

301 Setup

302 Creating an Amazon AWS bucket

303 Setting up permissions

304 Updating settingspy file

305 Adding an image field to the Post model

306 Installing packages

307 Summary

31 Setting up Heroku pipelines

311 Setup

312 Creating a GitHub repository

313 Creating a pipeline

314 Testing deployment

315 Adding a production app

316 Enabling review apps

317 Using pull requests

318 Deleting the branch

319 Summary

32 Sending emails with SendGrid

321 Creating an account

322 Summary

Licenses

TableofContents

Preface

AboutthisbookWhoisthisbookforWhatthisbookisNOTaboutHowthisbookisorganizedChapters1-7Chapters8-10Chapters11-13Chapters14-16Chapters17-20Chapters21-24Chapters25-26Chapters27-28Chapters29-32

Abouttheauthor

1InstallingPythononWindows11DownloadingandinstallingPython12Usingtheinteractiveprompt13Details131Pythoninterpreter

14Summary

2InstallingPythononmacOS21DownloadingandinstallingPython22Usingtheinteractiveprompt23Details231Pythoninterpreter

24Summary

3InstallingPythononLinux31InstallingPython32Usingtheinteractiveprompt33Details331Pythoninterpreter

34Summary





73Summary




104Summary




134Summary


145Summary



1610Summary


175Summary



197Summary



218Summary


226Summary


234Summary



256Summary


267Summary


279Summary








Licenses

Preface



Aboutthisbook







Chapters8-10








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock










def__str__(self)

returnselftitle









flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses





73Summary




104Summary




134Summary


145Summary



1610Summary


175Summary



197Summary



218Summary


226Summary


234Summary



256Summary


267Summary


279Summary








Licenses

Preface



Aboutthisbook







Chapters8-10








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock










def__str__(self)

returnselftitle









flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses

104Summary




134Summary


145Summary



1610Summary


175Summary



197Summary



218Summary


226Summary


234Summary



256Summary


267Summary


279Summary








Licenses

Preface



Aboutthisbook







Chapters8-10








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

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ltdivgt

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endblock










def__str__(self)

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flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

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ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses


1610Summary


175Summary



197Summary



218Summary


226Summary


234Summary



256Summary


267Summary


279Summary








Licenses

Preface



Aboutthisbook







Chapters8-10








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock










def__str__(self)

returnselftitle









flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses

197Summary



218Summary


226Summary


234Summary



256Summary


267Summary


279Summary








Licenses

Preface



Aboutthisbook







Chapters8-10








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock










def__str__(self)

returnselftitle









flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses



256Summary


267Summary


279Summary








Licenses

Preface



Aboutthisbook







Chapters8-10








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock










def__str__(self)

returnselftitle









flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses

279Summary








Licenses

Preface



Aboutthisbook







Chapters8-10








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock










def__str__(self)

returnselftitle









flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses



Licenses

Preface



Aboutthisbook







Chapters8-10








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock










def__str__(self)

returnselftitle









flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses

Preface



Aboutthisbook







Chapters8-10








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock










def__str__(self)

returnselftitle









flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses

Aboutthisbook







Chapters8-10








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

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endblock










def__str__(self)

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flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

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def__str__(self)

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100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

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gtgtgtflower

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gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses








Chapters27-28







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock










def__str__(self)

returnselftitle









flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses







Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller







gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^Z


13Details



14Summary



Thischaptercovers



Runtheinstaller




gtgtgta=1

gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2

gtgtgt^D


23Details



24Summary



Thischaptercovers










gtgtgtb=1

gtgtgtc=a+b

gtgtgtprint(c)

2


33Details



34Summary




Thischaptercovers




cdprojects







42Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects






(venv)~


52Summary



Thischaptercovers




cdprojects



python-mvenvvenv






62Summary



Thischaptercovers






Project1

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite


Project2

dbsqlite3

managepy

mysite



72Details



projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

venv





Django==213

gunicorn==1990

Pillow==530

psycopg2==275







Terminal~deactivate

~python



73Summary



Thischaptercovers


81SetupTerminal

cdprojects


cd08-Django-Project







projects

08-Django-Project

managepy

mysite

venv

bin

include

lib

pip-selfcheckjson

pyvenvcfg









Terminal




85Summary



Thischaptercovers


91SetupTerminal


cd09-Hello-World





projects

08-Django-Project

09-Hello-World

dbsqlite3

managepy

myappltnewapp

mysite

venv


INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth





myapplthere

]



dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

templateslt--here

myapplt--here

indexhtmllt--here



ewlth1gt









urlpatterns=[



]





96Summary



Thischaptercovers










djangocontribadmin

myapplt--here

]





myapplt--Customapp

forumlt--Customapp






myapp

__init__py

__pycache__

adminpy

appspy

migrations

modelspy

templates

testspy

viewspy





















09-Hello-World

myapp

templates

myapp







defindex(request)







dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

__init__py

__pycache__

settingspylthere

urlspylthere

wsgipylthere



DATABASES=

default





DATABASES=

default


NAMEmysitedb

USERusername

PASSWORDpassword

HOSTlocalhost

PORT







urlpatterns=[



]


104Summary



Thischaptercovers


111SetupTerminal








baseltnewapp

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite




baselthere

myapp

]




base

templateslt--here

baselt--here

basehtmllt--here


ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock





ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt


ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



base

templates

base


myapp

templates

myapp




ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


endblock



basehtmltemplate



115Summary



Thischaptercovers


121SetupTerminal


cd12-Bootstrap





MySitelttitlegt









etgt






ltstylegt

body

padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

ltstylegt









ltligt

ltulgt



ltformgt





ltpclass=leadgtUse

ltdivgt






ltdivgt




ltscriptsrc=assets

ltscriptsrc=distj






blockcontent



gtbooklth1gt

ltpclass=leadgt





aquisquam

ltpgt

endblock




125Summary



Thischaptercovers


131SetupTerminal






staticlthere

baselthere

csslthere

sitecsslthere



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

h1

colorred


ltstylegt

ltstylegt



gt




ltdoctypehtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt



133Details






base

myapp

]



images


mysite

base

dbsqlite3

managepy

staticlthere










OR











v=2gt


134Summary


14Creatingmodels

Thischaptercovers


141SetupTerminal


cd14-Models




myapp

modelspylthere
























def__str__(self)

returnselftitle




blockcontent

forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt









ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

endblock




defindex(request)



flowers)



144Details



















returnselftitle


def__str__(self)









flowers)


forflowerinflowers

flowertitle

endfor

145Summary



Thischaptercovers


151SetupTerminal


cd15-Models




myapp

modelspylthere













forflowerinflowers

ltdivclass=cardgt





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt





ltmaingt






Wayltagtbook

ltspangt

ltdivgt

ltfootergt


footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px


155Summary



Thischaptercovers


161SetupTerminal


cd16-Detail-Page






il)lthere


]



here


defindex(request)



flowers)




flower)




myapp

templates

myapp

detailhtmllthere


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent





ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltahref=gtBackltagt

endblock










def__str__(self)

returnselftitle









flower)



)


l)










def__str__(self)










169Details



)


l)



























l)


1610Summary



Thischaptercovers


171SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






def__str__(self)

returnselftitle












100ltpgt


-here--gt

174Details



TECTnull=True)








Dotnotation

flowercategory





lthrgt


ggtcategoryltbrgt



endfor

ltdivgt


175Summary




Thischaptercovers


181SetupTerminal








def__str__(self)

returnselftitle





def__str__(self)

returnselftitle






Runmigrations







lthrgt



endfor

ltdivgt

184Summary


19Creatingatagspage

Thischaptercovers


191SetupTerminal


cd19-Tags-Page







)lthere

]







def__str__(self)

returnselftitle







defindex(request)



flowers)




flowers)









agltagtlt--here--gt

endfor



196Details




re


flowers)




197Summary



Thischaptercovers


201SetupTerminal


cd20-Search





t-md-0gt






ltformgt

ltnavgt


myappviewspy



defindex(request)


items=

ifqisNoneorqis


elifqisnotNone



flowers)


http1270018000q=aga






205Summary



Thischaptercovers


211SetupTerminal


cd21-Forms-Create




templates

myapp

edithtmllthere

indexhtml


extendsbasebasehtml

blockcontent


csrf_token


ltdivclass=col-6gt

form

lthrclass=mb-3gt



ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltformgt

endblock




adminpy

appspy

formspylthere








ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]






)lthere

]






defindex(request)




ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)






CreateFlower

ltagt

ltligt

ltulgt





217Details



csrf_tokenlthere

ltformgt








form

ltdivgt


ltdivclass=col-6gt




ltdivgt






ol))

classMeta

model=Flower

fields=[title]







classMeta

model=Flower








rol))






ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else

form=MyForm()


)



else

form=MyForm()







ifformis_valid()

formsave()






ifformis_valid()


formsave()




218Summary



Thischaptercovers


221SetupTerminal


cd22-Forms-Edit







)


dit)lthere

]



here




defindex(request)

defcreate(request)





ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)



ditltagt


225Details



)



fields=[










ifformis_valid()

formsave()


else



)





226Summary



Thischaptercovers


231SetupTerminal












rol))


here


ol))

classMeta

model=Flower







formdescription

ltdivgt


formtitleerrors

formtitlelabel_tag

formtitle

ltdivgt

233Details



model=Flower












endfor

ltolgt

endif


234Summary




Thischaptercovers


241SetupTerminal









)


dit)


e=delete)lthere

]



defindex(request)

defcreate(request)




flowerdelete()





Editltagt


gtDeleteltagtlthere

ltdivgt






gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerAgathisgt

gtgtgtflowersave()






flowerdelete()



(1myappFlower1)

gtgtgt




gtgtgtflower



gtgtgtflowersave()

gtgtgtflower

ltFlowerUPDATEDgt

gtgtgt

246Summary



Thischaptercovers


251SetupTerminal


cd25-Authentication





INSTALLED_APPS=[

djangocontribadmin

djangocontribauth






allauthlthere



base

myapp

]

SITE_ID=1lthere


kendlthere






urlpatterns=[




]





Locatingtemplates





cdtemplates

mkdirallauth

cdallauth


mplatesaccount


base

dbsqlite3

managepy

myapp

mysite

templates

allauth

account

basehtml

loginhtml

logouthtml


extendsbasebasehtml





INSTALLED_APPS=[

allauth

allauthaccount


widget_tweakslthere

base

myapp

]


loadwidget_tweaks

forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor




rlaccount_logingt

csrf_token





endif



ltagt



ltformgt



padding-top5rem

starter-template

padding3rem15rem

text-aligncenter

footer

text-aligncenter

font-size16px

height60px

line-height60px

form-accountlthere

width100

max-width330px

padding15px

marginauto





csrf_token





endif



ltformgt




csrf_token




ltformgt

255Details




kendlthere








Totestexampleorg







urlpatterns=[




]


accountssignup

accountslogin

accountslogout


accountspasswordset

accountsinactive

accountsemail














forfieldinform


fielderrors





else

fieldlabel_tag

field

endif

ltdivgt

endfor



256Summary



26Authorization

Thischaptercovers


261SetupTerminal


cd26-Authorization










264Usingpermissions




forflowerinflowers



-linkgtEditltagt

endif




endif

endfor

ltdivgt






redlthere

defindex(request)


defcreate(request)






266Details





myappchange_flower

myappadd_flower



endif


Usingadecorator


defcreate(request)


login_required

defprofile(request)


267Summary



Thischaptercovers


271SetupTerminal


cd27-Image-Gallery






MEDIA_URL=media

MEDIA_ROOT=media







d_to=images)lthere

def__str__(self)

returnselftitle













urlpatterns=[




_ROOT)lthere



blockcontent



ltdivclass=rowgt

forflowerinflowers




rimageurl

alt=Cardimagecapgt













ltdivgt


sltsmallgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endfor

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

ltdivgt

endblock





=images)







_ROOT)lthere





279Summary




Thischaptercovers


281SetupTerminal







INSTALLED_APPS=[

base

myapp

imagekitlthere

]









d_to=images)



format=JPEG




l







=images)



format=JPEG

options=quality60)



285Summary


29DeployingonHeroku

Thischaptercovers

HowtodeploytoHeroku



cddeployments

mkdirheroku

cdheroku

python3-mvenvvenv








herokulthere

projects


PressCreatenewapp










Terminalherokulogin


toexit

Loggingindone






importos

DEBUG=Falselthere




try


exceptImportError

pass


DEBUG=True

ALLOWED_HOSTS=[]



venv

local_settingspy

dbsqlite3

pyc

__pycache__

py[cod]

DS_Store



gitinit

gitadd

gitcommit-mInitial


gitpushherokumaster






297Pushingchanges








loadstatic

ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt

lth1gtHomelth1gt

ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt



h1colorred






urlpatterns=[



]


INSTALLED_APPS=[


bloglthere

]

Terminalgitadd


gitpushherokumaster


















gitadd


gitpushherokumaster




299Summary




Thischaptercovers









Createanewgroup


ClickNextTags

ClickNextReview

ClickCreateuser








AWS_LOCATION=static





rage


try


exceptImportError

pass








blogmodelspy





d_to=images)lthere






gitadd


modelimagefield

gitpushherokumaster






307Summary



Thischaptercovers
















ltDOCTYPEhtmlgt

lthtmllang=engt

ltheadgt



ssgt

ltheadgt

ltbodygt

ltdivid=contentgt


ltdivgt

ltbodygt

lthtmlgt

Terminalgitadd


gitpush






AddaProductionapp




Createanappjsonfile







gitpull






ltdivgt

Terminalgitadd











Terminalgitbranch

gitcheckoutmaster

gitpull


319Summary



Thischaptercovers





cd32-Sending-Emails



mysitesettingspy




EMAIL_PORT=587

EMAIL_USE_TLS=True


pythonmanagepyshell




ntly=False)


322Summary


Licenses





Preface

About this book




Chapters 1-7

Chapters 8-10

Chapters 11-13

Chapters 14-16

Chapters 17-20

Chapters 21-24

Chapters 25-26

Chapters 27-28

Chapters 29-32

About the author




13 Details


14 Summary




23 Details


24 Summary




33 Details


34 Summary



42 Summary



52 Summary



62 Summary



72 Details






73 Summary


81 Setup



84 Details

85 Summary


91 Setup

92 Creating apps


94 Creating views


96 Summary





104 Summary


111 Setup



114 Details

115 Summary


121 Setup



124 Details

125 Summary


131 Setup


133 Details




134 Summary

14 Creating models

141 Setup


143 Listing flowers

144 Details




145 Summary


151 Setup



154 Adding a footer

155 Summary


161 Setup




165 Creating slugs



168 Using url tag

169 Details




1694 Reversing URLS

1610 Summary


171 Setup



174 Details



175 Summary


181 Setup



184 Summary


191 Setup





196 Details



197 Summary


201 Setup



204 Details

205 Summary


211 Setup






217 Details





218 Summary


221 Setup

222 Adding the path



225 Details



226 Summary


231 Setup


233 Details



234 Summary


241 Setup




245 Details

246 Summary


251 Setup




255 Details




256 Summary

26 Authorization

261 Setup





266 Details



267 Summary


271 Setup






277 Adding the grid

278 Details

279 Summary


281 Setup



284 Details

285 Summary


291 Setup










297 Pushing changes


299 Summary


301 Setup






307 Summary


311 Setup








319 Summary



322 Summary

Licenses

Django - The Easy Way: A step-by-step guide on building Django websites, 2nd Edition

Documents

Transcript of Django - The Easy Way: A step-by-step guide on building Django websites, 2nd Edition