DIY Initiative - Urban Strategy, December 2015

DIY INITIATIVE

Blunden F. | Krol J. | Min K. T. | Skrucha K.

URBAN STRATEGY FOR CITY OF SŁUPSK, POLAND

Master of Architecture, year 2, 2015/2016Plymouth University

00TABLE OF CONTENTS

00table of contentsexecutive summery

p. 5p. 8

01SŁUPSK/SUBJECT OF STUDYintroducing Slupskhistory of Słupskrecent Słupskcity’s aspects summarycity’s social aspectscity’s economic aspectscity’s spatial aspectscity’s pressing issuessocial migrationunemploymentenergy poverty

p. 14p. 16p. 20p. 22p. 24p. 28p. 30p. 34p. 38p. 40p. 42

02RESEARCH/FIELD TRIPeducation systemlevel of education in relationship to occupationour purpose in Słupskpublic consultationssocial dialogueour initiativeroles of participantseducation literatureprecedent studyDIY historyDIY initiativeprecedents

p. 44p. 46p. 52p. 54p. 56p. 58p. 60p. 62p. 64p. 66p. 68p.70

urban analysisprecedents studyDluga site analysis

p. 78p. 84p. 90

site photosW. Polskigo site analysissite photos

p. 92p. 94p. 96

New Museum site analysissite photos

p. 98p. 100

03DEVELOPMENT STRATEGYthe frameworkscale interventions urban rulesdesign intentionsmasterplan proposal: small scalemasterplan proposal: medium scalespatial interventionfunding proposalstreet atmosphere Dluga Wojska Polskiego New Museumsfuture proposalsbibliography

p. 106p. 108p. 110p. 118p. 120p. 126p. 130p. 132

p. 134p. 138p. 142p. 146p. 150

00

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYSummary of what is the aim of the project with showing the way of achieving it.

8

Presence of deprivation areas has made an impact onto the growth of the economy. Disproportionately, it affects the local residence, precariats and the public especially in heavy populated areas. We have identified 2 patterns of social interventions - state and urban common initiatives who are involved in the revitalisation process of deprivation areas. Highlights of different social participation and their behaviours can be described as follows1: -

• Top-down state intervention: Government participation where decision makers are chosen based on their technical expertise and background. It works along strong hierarchical constraints and active enforcement to develop the city.

• Bottom-up initiatives: Community participation in the evaluation of development proposals. Decision making is based on community interest; design and planning involved in advocacy and participated by the commons.

We believe the cause of deprivation areas are closely linked towards long term unemployment. This is caused by deficit of initiative to create full time employment in the city2. When people are long term unemployed, they may become unskilled, demotivated and have difficulty finding jobs in future. Lack of aggregate demands can be overcome if public skills and social dialogue can be strengthen in the city. However, according to Flexibility and Security in Labour Market2 report in Poland, social dialogue in Poland is still a fairly early stage of development. The process takes place mainly at national level among government, trade unions and employers. In particular parts of social dialogue within these social partners, there lies a problem of limited roles played on influencing the change of legal policies. At the same moment, neither the trade unions nor the employers in Poland are sufficiently mature to balance the needs for social security and labour market flexibility.

1. Birkeland. J. ‘Community participation’ in urban project assessment’ (Wollongong, Australia: Science and Technology Studies, University of Wollongong, 1999), [online] Available from: http://www.uow.edu.au/~bmartin/pubs/99tpp/birkeland.html#fn1, (accessed 17th December), pp. 113-142.

2. Economics Onliine, [online] Available from: http://www.economicsonline.co.uk/Managing_the_economy/Unemployment_types_and_causes.html, (accessed 17th December 2015).

3. Google Books: Flexibility and Security in the Labour Market: Poland Experience , chapter 7.

# state # urban commons # social dialogue

TWO INTERVENTIONSBetween top-down and bottom-up agencies

Territorial enforcement and policing. >

Mayor

CityPlanners

Stakeholders

GeneralPublic

NGOs

Prekariats

Top-down Agency

Fails to consider significance of actions taken earlier in policy-

making process.

State Intervention>

Urban commons

Bottom-up Agency

Social groups in common, collective and uncommodified

movement

Often reflective on community interest and

limited action taken upon large development proposals that requires large capital funding.

>

>

Polarization, barriers for collaborations

Mismatch between skill sets and labour market demands

Unequal terrestrial distribution

Long term unemployment

Deficit demands lifted by participants

9

SŁUPSK

SUBJECT OF STUDY

01

01The current trends that were developed during various Capitalistic structures have

had influence on the role of individuals within the system.

The visible signs of polarisation derive from: spatial, economic and social marginalisation of different activities.

The city of Slupsk acts as a case study depicting unequal terrestrial distributions and a mismatch in skill sets causing long term unemployment, social migration and energy poverty.

This chapter of the document refers to an analysis of Slupsk in relation to its history of powerful social forces and different forms of administrative systems - for example the territorisation by the Prussians, Germans and Soviet Unions. How has this dramatic urbanisation lead towards the current conditions of Slupsk today?

The chapter also describes the current economic conditions in Slupsk that was outlined by the mayor, Robert Biedroń, who suffers a huge debt weighting almost 275 million zł, resulting from the implementation of projects financed from EU funds.

The following statistics show that key areas of deprivation in Slupsk indicates a high percentage of unemployment, emission of pollution and low economic growth which require more social support and building maintenance. Areas in Dluga, New Museum and Wojska Polskiego present high amounts of correlation of issues based on the statistics.

INTRODUCING SŁUPSKLocation of the subject, it’s connections and relations with other important Polish cities.

14

POLAND IN EUROPE POMERANIAN VOIVODSHIP

15

Słupsk is a city located in the north-western part of Pomerania Voivodeship. The city lies in the Bay of Pomerania of the Baltic Sea, on both sides of the river Słupia. It is an important hub of communication and transport in the region of Central Pomerania. The city meets the railway lines from Szczecin to Gdańsk, and road connections to Poznań via Miastko and Piła, and to Bydgoszcz and Toruń via Bytów and Chojnice. Importantly, Słupsk also has a good bus service from coastal tourist towns. The distance of only 18 km away Słupsk from the Baltic Sea coast.

SŁUPSK’S SUBREGION CITY OF SŁUPSK

HISTORY OF CITYFrom fortress to the city.

16

The town of Słupsk dates back to eighth to ninth century, when the small fortified town was located on the island that does not exist today, surrounded by the valleys of the river Słupia. St Otto church is located there today. At the turn of the tenth and eleventh centuries Słupsk went under the sovereignty of the Piast dynasty. Around 1230-1236 year power over the castle and the Gdansk Pomerania was passed to the Prince Świętopełk II. Probably in 1265 he gave Słupsk civic rights (civitas) referring to the settlement situated in what is now the old town of Słupsk.

Over the centuries, as a part of Central Pomeranian region, the city was under various political influences - constantly developing and growing. In the 30-ties of 16th century, with the whole Pomeranian Principality, Słupsk townsmen accepted the teachings of Martin Luther.

During the Thirty Years War in 1630, Slupsk was entered by Swedes who conducted robbery and imposed high taxations which contributed to ruining its economy. In 1653, the land of Słupsk was taken over by Electors of Brandenburg (since 1701. - Prussian kings). The period of reconstruction and another crisis caused by weakening of the town during the Seven Years War (1756-1763) and the Napoleonic Wars (1806-1813), when Słupsk became the strong point of the Prussian resistance against the French.

In 1831, the city had to give up the eternal rights to the port of Ustka to Prussia. In the years 1878-1900 city experienced a period of industrial development, in which the dominant role led industries of construction materials, wood and metal machinery. In the first decade of the twentieth century, water supply and sewage systems was expanded and first mechanical sewage treatment plant was built.

1. Czarnik A., Lindmajer J. Dzieje Słupska, Słupsk 19862. Stachlewski W., Słupsk: przewodnik turystyczny, Słupsk, 2000.3. Szypowska M., Słupsk, Warszawa 1971.4. Figure 1: Local Regeneration Programme City of Slupsk, 28 April 2010, Slupsk, June 2013, p23.

17

Słupsk in the mid-seventeenth century.4

GdanskSlupsk

Baltic Sea

1265 1918

Vilnius

Lviv

Gdansk

Szczecin

Warsaw

Wroclaw

Cracow

Slupsk

18

SIGNIFICANT HISTORY OF SŁUPSK TAKEN OVER BY DIFFERENT SOCIAL FORCES

1265 it was given city rights.

Eastern Pomerania with Gdansk was a part of Poland. Slupsk at that time was situated on Prussian territory. Tightly cooperating with Ustka it became of the trade cities.1

Plebiscite for ownership of the Polish Corridor.A Plebiscite was insisted to determine the ownership of the “Polish Corridor”. Germany wanted the corridor and the seaport of Gdynia would become a Polish enclave with a route connecting Poland with Gdynia. After British-French guaranteed support for Poland, the Plebiscite negotiation over Danzig ended.2

1. Local Regeneration Programme City of Slupsk, 28 April 2010, Slupsk, June 2013, p21-28.2. Ibid, p21-28.3. Ibid, p21-28.4. The rise of Solidarnosc, [online] Available from: http://isj.org.uk/the-rise-of-solidarnosc/, (accessed 16th

December 2015).

Vilnius

Lviv

Gdansk

Szczecin

Warsaw

Wroclaw

Cracow

Slupsk

Warsaw

Slupsk

Vilnius

Lviv

Gdansk

Szczecin

Warsaw

Wroclaw

Cracow

Slupsk

Warsaw

Slupsk

GdanskSlupsk

Baltic Sea

1939 1945 1980

19

Polish borders before World War II

current Polish borders

area of former eastern borderlands (now belong to the territories of Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine)

current polish territory (part is pre-war Poland and parts belonged to the German Reich)

People’s Republic of Poland

German population deported soon after 1945. Their houses were taken over by Poles from central Poland and from the former Polish eastern territories Poland was conquered by the Soviet Union, which created People’s Republic of Poland.

Slupsk most German population deported. Resettled communities in Slupsk.

Solidarność

It was the first trade union in a Warsaw Pact country that was not controlled by a communist party.It originally started in Gdańsk shipyard thanks to Lech Wałęsa initiative.Soon, the spark of riot against communist government took over other cities as well. Słupsk was one of them, shortly after Gdańsk and Gdynia.

Plebiscite for ownership of the Polish Corridor.

A Plebiscite was insisted to determine the ownership of the “Polish Corridor”. Germany wanted the corridor and the seaport of Gdynia would become a Polish exclave with a route connecting Poland with Gdynia.

After British-French guaranteed support for Poland, the Plebiscite negotiation over Danzig ended.

Collapse of Poland. Divided into parts by its neighbours

1265 it was given city rights

Eastern Pomerania with Gdańsk was a part of Poland.Słupsk at that time was situated on Prussian teritory. Tightly cooperating with Ustka it became of the trade cities.

After war switch of Polish bordersAfter the war the Polish borders were switched.

Polish boarders before World War II.Current Polish borders.

Area of former eastern borderlands (now belong to the territories of Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine.)

Polish borders before World War II

current Polish borders

area of former eastern borderlands (now belong to the territories of Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine)

current polish territory (part is pre-war Poland and parts belonged to the German Reich)

People’s Republic of Poland

German population deported soon after 1945. Their houses were taken over by Poles from central Poland and from the former Polish eastern territories Poland was conquered by the Soviet Union, which created People’s Republic of Poland.

Slupsk most German population deported. Resettled communities in Slupsk.

Solidarność

It was the first trade union in a Warsaw Pact country that was not controlled by a communist party.It originally started in Gdańsk shipyard thanks to Lech Wałęsa initiative.Soon, the spark of riot against communist government took over other cities as well. Słupsk was one of them, shortly after Gdańsk and Gdynia.

Plebiscite for ownership of the Polish Corridor.

A Plebiscite was insisted to determine the ownership of the “Polish Corridor”. Germany wanted the corridor and the seaport of Gdynia would become a Polish exclave with a route connecting Poland with Gdynia.

After British-French guaranteed support for Poland, the Plebiscite negotiation over Danzig ended.

Collapse of Poland. Divided into parts by its neighbours

1265 it was given city rights

Eastern Pomerania with Gdańsk was a part of Poland.Słupsk at that time was situated on Prussian teritory. Tightly cooperating with Ustka it became of the trade cities.

After war switch of Polish borders

Current Polish territory (part is pre-war Poland and parts belong to the German Reich).

People’s Republic of Poland.

German population deported soon after 1945. Their houses were taken over by Poles form central Poland and, from the former Polish eastern territories, Poland was conquered by the Soviet Union which created People’s Republic of Poland.3

Solidarnosc

It was the first trade union in a Warsaw Pact country that was not controlled by a communist party. Originally, it started in Gdansk shipyard thanks to Lech Walesa initiative. Soon, the spark of riot against communist government took over other cities as well. Slupsk was one of them shortly after Gdansk and Gdynia.4

RECENTLY IN SŁUPSKSłupsk current economical and political situation.

Biedroń was elected for a president of Slupsk in autumn 2014. In a letter which he sent on 17th of June 2015 to Polish Prime Minister, Ewa Kopacz, he widely described bad financial situation, which he found in Slupsk after previous government. He recalled that the city is in debt for 275 million zł, it also has a number of current liabilities resulting from the implementation of projects financed from EU funds, many of which he performs together with other local governments.

Previous president of Slupsk has terminated the city contract for building aqua park facility. This decision was a based on multiple years of delay in its construction. Construction of a aqua park in Slupsk began in May 2011. The facility was expected to cost 57.7 million zł and to be completed by June 2012. Construction, which got a subsidy from the European Funds, prolonged and in January 2013 was stopped completely: City Hall broke an agreement with the contractor due to delays. As a result building company was charged with penalties. Part of the costs of the city investment where recovered. However, the Contractor - Renovation and Construction Company TERMOCHEM sp. - responded with a counterclaim, seeking zł 24.5 million for additional works. TERMOCHEM company won the case: the local government has until July 11 to find that sum.1

Referring to the difficult situation and the court order, Biedroń declared in a letter to Prime Minister that Slupsk is able to pay nearly 17 million zł obligation arising from the court order. To satisfy the claim in full, the local government would need nearly 7.5 million zł of external help.

20

1. Polska Newsweek, [online] Available from: http://polska.newsweek.pl/ile-wynosi-zadluzenie-slupska-biedron-prosi-kopacz-o-pomoc-,artykuly,365365,1.html, (accssed 16th December 2015).

2. Natemat, [online] Available from: http://natemat.pl/151249,robert-biedron-potwierdza-slupsk-dostanie-od-rzadu-pieniadzea, (accessed 16th December 2015).

3. Zbigniew Marecki November 2, 2015, [online] Available from: http://www.gp24.pl/wiadomosci/slupsk/art/9051883,do-konca-roku-wladze-slupska-wyremontuja-105-mieszkan-komunalnych-i-socjalnych-wideo-zdjecia,id,t.html, (accessed 16th December 2015).

Robert Biedron Slupsk Mayor : Strategy to introduce healthier food at

schools and other municipal institutions; banning circuses on animal-welfare

grounds; ordering city officials to drink tap water instead of the expensive bottled

variety.’

Slupsk’s financial situation : ‘PLN 300m (€72m) in debt, a recent court

ruling on the collapse of a project to build a waterpark left the city with a bill of PLN

24m to pay contractors.’

Robert Biedron Slupsk Mayor : Strategy to introduce healthier food at

schools and other municipal institutions; banning circuses on animal-welfare

grounds; ordering city officials to drink tap water instead of the expensive bottled

variety.’

Slupsk’s financial situation : ‘PLN 300m (€72m) in debt, a recent court

ruling on the collapse of a project to build a waterpark left the city with a bill of PLN

24m to pay contractors.’

21

The city received financial help from the budgetary reserve of about 4.4 million zloty. Slupsk will receive 3.36 million zł for the renovation of social housing and 1 million zł for the modernization of State Puppet Theatre ‘Rainbow’ premises, and the purchase of the bus.

End of June 2015, the town hall wrote to the Regional Court in Gdansk with a request to suspend the execution of the court order of the Court of Arbitration in Warsaw. As a result, the enforcement of the sentence has been suspended.2

With the financial assistance of the government, Slupsk started renovation of 105 council apartments from urban resources, which in coming months will go to individuals and families waiting for council housing and social services. On average, the renovation of an apartment cost 30 thousand. zł.

Those apartments have undergone a major renovation, often including replacing stoves to electric heating, municipal or central heating. Also had replaced the electrical circuit systems and windows. These homes were re-plastered, painted, laid with new carpeting, replaced doors and installed new stoves and sinks. Bathrooms were also renovated.3

less most

soci

al, e

cono

mic

& s

patia

l iss

ues

com

bine

d

The highlighted areas indicated large numbers of deprivations as statistics are overlapped to show possible correlations.

22

CITY’S ASPECTS SUMMARYMost problematic areas in the city, summing up social, economical and spatial aspects. #summary #deprivation #problems

• highest population density• highest number of criminal

offences• highest unemployment rate• highest economic growth

• highest number of social benefits granted

• highest number of domestic violence cases

• highest percentage of buildings in bad condition

• highest percentage of buildings polluting the air

• biggest inhabitants population

• highest number of domestic violence cases

• highest unemployment rate

• highest percentage of long term unemployed

• highest percentage of buildings polluting the air

Długa Street Area

Wojska Polskiego Street

Nowe Muzeum Area

23

HIGHLIGHTED ISSUES

1. Harvey. D. ‘Rebel cities from the right to the city to the urban revolution’, (2012, London: Verso), p.83

Deprivation areas are caused by unequal distribution of commodity in terms of economic wealth and quality spaces. The presence of inequalities are caused by neo-liberalisation where decentralisation and autonomy are primary vehicles of it1. Local authoritise seek out interventions to improve the city through polarisations on economic and residential zones, private property solutions, automic policies and social housings in order to meet socio-economic demands. The increasing polarisation in the distribution of wealth and power have inevitably influenced the spacial forms of Slupsk.

CITY’S SOCIAL ASPECTSCity areas the most problematic in terms of social aspects.

#benefits #unemployment #problems

no o

f soc

ial b

ene�

ts p

er 1

000

peop

leva

lue

of s

ocia

l ben

e�ts

in P

LN

highest number of social benefits per 1 000 persons - 79.5 - 100 benefits/1 000 persons

24

The following diagrams showed statistics of deprivations in Slupsk based on the report of ‘Delimitation of degraded areas in the City of Slupsk’1.

1. Delimitation of crisis areas of the City of Slupsk, Prepared by: Faculty of Management Funds City Hall in Slupsk, p16-63.

no o

f soc

ial b

ene�

ts p

er 1

000

peop

leva

lue

of s

ocia

l ben

e�ts

in P

LN

highest value of social benefits granted per person - 183.87 - 245.16 PLN/person

25

popu

latio

n de

nsity

elde

rly p

eopl

e

highest population density of Słupsk - 180 - 240 persons/Ha

26

popu

latio

n de

nsity

elde

rly p

eopl

e

highest percentage of retired people in general population

27

CITY’S ECONOMIC ASPECTSCity areas the most problematic in terms of economic aspects.


unem

ploy

men

tgr

owth

of e

cono

my

highest general unemployment rate - 17.16 - 22.88 %

28

unem

ploy

men

tgr

owth

of e

cono

my

highest growth of economic activities - 10.97 - 21.94%

29

CITY’S SPATIAL ASPECTSCity areas the most problematic in terms of spatial aspects.


no o

f lis

ted

build

ings

built

bef

ore

1970

highest percentage of listed buildings - 36.48 - 48.64 %

30

no o

f lis

ted

build

ings

built

bef

ore

1970

highest percentage of buildings built before 1970- 63.45 - 84.60%

31

build

ings

to re

pair

built

bef

ore

1970

highest percentage of buildings demanding repairs - 47.88 - 61.84%

32

build

ings

to re

pair

built

bef

ore

1970

highest emission of pollution in buildings - 85.92 - 100%

33

CITY’S PRESSING ISSUESThe effects of deprivation

34

#polarisation #unemployment #deficit demands

Slupsk urban planning system are managed through marginalised zonnings - locations for special economic zones, social housings and privatised allotment spaces.

Not only there are income gaps between rich and poor households, this gap shows different urban communities that house the rich and poor.

Communities living in segregation based on demographics and opportunities present in unequal locations of Slupsk.

Signs of gentrification of housing and chain stores emerges in Slupsk, providing cleaner environment but expensive accountrements of life. (food, education, coffee shops and houses)

Employers are gradually believing that new graduates are inadequately prepared for work as education institutions are not keeping in touch with the needs of corporate recruiters.

As local industries are gradually advancing, educational facilities still teach students based on conventional teaching model.

Polarisation Mismatch between skill sets


Education(Knowledge)

Lack of dialogue

Polarisation

Social migration

Social housing

Lack of organisation

Mismatch between skill sets

Energy Poverty

Lack of discipline


Deficit in demands

Long term unemployment

DEPRIVATION

36

UNEMPLOYMENT

no skillsenergy povertyhousing

migration

no service demand

no new work places & no entrepreneteur

no connections

lack of ideas

skills out of date

POOR KNOWLEDGE

MAIN ISSUES

ISSUES ORIGIN

UNEMPLOYMENT ORIGIN

Influencing mechanisms originating from poor knowledge and how it contributes to unemployment.

37

The conventional wisdom of what is now taught as economics bypasses the poor, the very people for whom development is really needed. The economics of giantism and automation is a leftover of nineteenth-century conditions and nineteenth-century thinking and it is totally incapable of solving any of the real problems of today. An entirely new system of thought is needed, a system based on attention to people, and not primarily attention to goods—(the goods will look after themselves!). It could be summed up in the phrase, ‘production by the masses, rather than mass production’.

Small is Beautiful - E.F. Schumacher’

‘

38

The most common motivator for Poles to emigrate is primarily the possibility of increasing the amount of remuneration. Subsequently, they are indicated factors associated with the comfort of living and social security.

The most important reason indicated by 78% of respondents are therefore higher wages and bettering economical situation. For 44% the motivator to go is to raise the standards of life. 37% declared that what leads them to emigrate is lack of suitable jobs in Poland, and the same number of respondents expects to experience a greater career prospects abroad.

Secondly in relation to migration, Poles have stated: exploration of the world and traveling (35%), better healthcare (29%), and better social conditions (19%).1

The president of Slupsk also recognizes the impact of educational migration on depopulation of the city. As he describes, many young people are leaving to study at polytechnics and universities located in larger cities, settle there and never come back.

As Datko suggests in her study on educational migration in Poland, achieving education, economical independency, leaving parents home, change of an environment are mainly the reasons for students migrating to larger academic orientated cities.2 In most cases, future students do not consider moving to academic city for a temporary stay. Often their plan is to remain in the city after the end of this stage of education. Moving back to your native city is not considered as a possible path in life, because it is often associated with personal failure - the ones who come back, are seen as unsuccessful, and as those who could not cope with leading the forefront metropolitan culture, or were not good enough to succeed on demanding, but yet attractive employment market.

The graduation itself is not considered a success - in the era of ‘mass production of academic education’ it is simply the next step towards personal development. Success is the beginning of career.3

1. Work Service, ‘Economic migration of Poles - Report’ [online] Available from: http://www.workservice.pl/content/download/4139/32794/file/Migracje%20zarobkowe_WS_RAPORT.04.2015_digital.pdf, (accssed 15th December 2015).

2. Slupsk migration in numbers, [online] Available from: http://gdansk.stat.gov.pl/vademecum/vademecum_pomorskie/portrety_miast/miasto_slupsk.pdf, (accessed 15th December 2015).

3. Datko, A., ‘ZA DYPLOMEM? MIGRACJE MâODYCH POLAKÓW DO MIAST AKADEMICKICH’

SOCIAL MIGRATION

POPULATION 93 706

moved out1 213

moved in

898

abroad

153

from abroad67

POPULATION 461 935

moved in

5 363

from abroad360

moved out4 127

abroad

484

POPULATION 408 105

moved in

3 649

from abroad124

moved out3 607

abroad4

POPULATION 93 706

moved out1 213

moved in

898

abroad

153

from abroad67

POPULATION 461 935

moved in

5 363

from abroad360

moved out4 127

abroad

484

POPULATION 408 105

moved in

3 649

from abroad124

moved out3 607

abroad4

GDAŃSK (2013) SZCZECIN (2013)

migration balance: 1 112 migration balance: 162

POPULATION 93 706

moved out1 213

moved in

898

abroad

153

from abroad67

POPULATION 461 935

moved in

5 363

from abroad360

moved out4 127

abroad

484

POPULATION 408 105

moved in

3 649

from abroad124

moved out3 607

abroad4

SŁUPSK (2013)

migration balance: -401

39

40

In 1990 Słupsk’s dominant sector of the economy was agriculture and industry. With its later crises, so called ‘structural unemployment’ occur. The sub-region is facing this unfavorable situation for over 10 years.

Industry in the former province of Słupsk was strongly linked to the countries of the former Comecon block. It was mainly the footwear, shipbuilding, wood and machinery industry. It was focused primarily in Slupsk, Kępice, Ustka and Sławno. In order to adapt to a market economy, local manufacturers had to find themselves in a competitive market.

In the postwar years, in Slupsk large factories employing about 1 thousand personnel were created (including Slupsk Furniture Factory). At the end of the sixties, three big plants were put into operation: Utility Companies Repair of buses “Kapena” (1968.), North Betting Leather Industry “Alka” (1969), and Ship and Equipment Factory “Sezamor” (1970.). In total they have employed more than 5 thousand people. Industry therefore had an important place in the economical development on Slupsk. It provided the main source of income for city’ population. In the late eighties, the industry employed more than 31% of total city population. Large companies, however, did not resist the reduction of employment. Industries initiate restructuring, including privatization and the introduction of modern machinery.

In the nineties, the most visible changes in the market came as a result of enterprises privatization.

In recent years, processes related to employment were mainly influenced by reforms that shaped the basis of the market and unemployment mechanisms. Changes in the Polish economy have forced many entrepreneurs to downsize production. The importance of agriculture and industry, has decreased, while development of services intensified. The changing structure of Polish economy meant that demand for some professions significantly decreased, thereby influenced the rise and consolidation of unemployment.1

1. Rydz, E., Siwek, A., (2003), PRZEOBRAŻENIA NA LOKALNYCH RYNKACH PRACY W LATACH 1988-2001 NA PRZYKŁADZIE POWIATU SŁUPSKIEGO, Słupskie Prace Geograficzne vol. 1, Instytut Geografii Pomorska Akademia Pedagogiczna Słupsk

UNEMPLOYMENT

12.2%

SŁUPSK

13.4%

13.2% 6.5%

10.6%

POLAND

POMERANIA

GDAŃSK

SZCZECIN

41

42

“Poverty is not an accident. Like slavery and apartheid, it is man-made and can be removed by the action of human beings.’’ - Nelson Mandela

The increase in energy prices, which are affected by long-term, global trends in commodity prices, charge the budgets of households. Consequently, most of them will have difficulty in meeting basic needs.

Today the budgets of households in Poland are more burdened by expenditure on energy than in other countries of the European Union (EU). In 2010, energy costs accounted for 11% of total Polish households expenditures, about half more than the average for countries in the EU. The reasons are: the lower level of income in Poland relating to fixed prices of energy commodities on world markets, as well as, high heating costs related to climate and the quality of building structures. In 2013, as many as 18% of households were under heated in order to reduce the costs of living. These were mainly households of unemployed people and those who are using fuel stoves in their apartments.1

Energy poverty is not only lack of comfort associated with the right temperature at home, but also a difficulty to heat the water or light a room; not to mention the possibility of using seemingly basic household appliances - refrigerators, washing machines, stoves, gas or electricity, radio, television, computer and the Internet. This concept therefore means lack of access to energy understood as electricity, heat and gas, mainly for financial reasons, as well as the inability to pay bills, make appropriate modernization purchasing systems or devices.

1. Komu grozi ubóstwo energetyczne?article: Forbes, [online] Available from: http://csr.forbes.pl/komu-grozi-ubostwo-energetyczne-,artykuly,197514,1,1.html, (accessed 17th December 2015).

2. Figure 1: Działania Słupska ograniczające niską emisję, [online] Available from: http://misja-emisja.pl/goodpractice/dzialania-slupska-ograniczajace-niska-emisje/, (accessed 17th December 2015).

ENERGY POVERTY

43

in 2009 -2013 Słupsk

spent 309,000 zł from city budget removed

273 masonry heaters

37 coal stoves modernized heating in

19 public use buildings

117 council houses

29 housing community buildings

Figure 1.

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Polish educational system faces two basic problems, and for further generations of its students these may contribute to an overall struggle in meeting constantly evolving employment market demands. The first is profound systematic problem that characterise all educational systems around the world. Most educational programmes are unresponsive in following fast-paced revolutionary changes taking place across the other major sectors of society. ‘Economic or social problems faced by parents were usually very similar to the problems their children encountered. Today, however, the younger generations face changes in their social environment that are completely foreign to those their parents had faced.’1 Past educational models were based on equipping students with certain skills and knowledge base, with assumption that this would serve them for life. Nowadays, this model produces not sufficient framework for the needs of today. ‘If information, skills and attitudes become quickly outdated then we cannot continue to allow students to live in the past by participating in an increasingly archaic system of education.’ 2

‘The second problem is unique to education systems within post-communist countries.’3 The political system has influenced the education in specific way. In post totalitarian society, the role of teacher is still primary to books, manuals, individual research or extra-curricular activities. 4

1. Kulewski. W. (1998) The Basic Problems of Education in Poland and the Potential Role of NGO’s, [online] Available from: http://www.21learn.org/archive/the-basic-problems-of-education-in-poland-and-the-potential-role-of-ngos/ (accessed:November 2015).

2. Ibid, Kulewski. W. (1998) The Basic Problems of Education in Poland and the Potential Role of NGO’s,3. Ibid, Kulewski. W. (1998)4. Ibid, Kulewski. W. (1998)

SYSTEM OF EDUCATION IN POLAND

SCHOOL SYSTEM

EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE

PRE-SCHOOLEDUCATION

PRIMARYEDUCATION

LOWER-SECONDARY EDUCATION

UPPER-SECONDARY EDUCATION

POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION

TECHNICAL UPPER-SECONDARY EDUCATION

BASIC VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

TERITARYEDUCATION

0 3 7 13 16 19y.o.

5 16 18

COMPULSORY FULL-TIME EDUCATION PART-TIME

EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE

PRE-SCHOOLEDUCATION

PRIMARYEDUCATION

LOWER-SECONDARY EDUCATION

UPPER-SECONDARY EDUCATION

POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION

TECHNICAL UPPER-SECONDARY EDUCATION

BASIC VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

TERITARYEDUCATION

NUMBER OF INSTITUTIONS

IN SŁUPSK 6 43 12 14 26

12

13

20

3

SCHOOLS IN SŁUPSK

45

46

LEVEL OF EDUCATION IN RELATION TO OCCUPATION

UNEMPLOYED BY EDUCATIONAL LEVEL IN SŁUPSK

14%

20%

12%24%

30%

1

2

34

5

1. tertiary education2. post-secondary and vocational secondary3. general secondary

4. basic vocational5.lower-secondary, primary

and incomplete primary

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Number of research analysed how creativity is perceived among various populations in Poland. The studies ‘investigated the teachers’ opinion about characteristics of creative, non-creative, ideal, and conduct-challenging students.’ The results suggested the teachers had not only problem with identifying creative individuals’ characteristics, but what is more important, ‘they showed a tendency to ignore the personality characteristics typical for creative individuals. Typically for Eastern societies, creativity is being perceived through its product and usefulness. ‘(…) Polish people understand creativity as self-expression, with stress in artistic attributes’. 2

During the time in which Poland was under Communism influence, ‘ubiquitous shortages of basic goods stimulated creativity. In other words, to get hold of unavailable products, Polish people had to draw on ingenuity and innovativeness. Making dresses from dyed diapers - improbable as it might now sound - is a good case in point. Poles ‘remarkable creativity played a role in overthrowing the system.’1 This creativity derived from and aimed to challenge general constrains and the authority.

1. Zientara, P. (2014) Human Resources Management in Emerging Economies, New York: Routledge , p.132. Kaufman, J. C., Sternberg, R. J., ed. (2006) The International Handbook of Creativity, Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press, p.290

RESEARCH

FIELD TRIP

02

How can two social forces - state interventions and urban ‘commons’ come under mutual grounds in a cohesive environment to build the future resilience of Slupsk underpinning its socio-economic deprivations, social migrations, unemployment and energy poverty in that area?

“

“What is the role of urban ‘commons’ and state authority?

What are the initiatives for the two social forces?

How does the collective behaviors of the two social forces contribute into the development of Slupsk in terms of social, spatial and economic perspective?

02Chapter 2 consists of the site trip to Slupsk social dialogue with a range of

actors including; residents, city planners, the Mayor, NGOs (non-governmental organisations), and a member of the Slupsk Technology Incubator.

From the range of dialogue gathered and institution analysis, two types of actors were discovered; the state interventions and the urban commons.

Our initiative ams to collaborate the state and existing urban commons via community practices.

To tackle the lack of collaboration between these two actors we aim to analyses the existing educational system in Poland and the unemployment figures after having graduated.

The unemployment figures in Slupsk are low and in order to tackle the education system would be via similar techniques adopted by Schumacher College using the Stephen Stirling ‘Transformative Learning’ practice. The co-creation and dexterous skills encouraged here link to the design strategy of encouraging more collaboration and communication amongst the actors of state and commons via DIY (do it yourself) techniques.

The DIY co-creations would be to investigate of green energy solutions for Slupsk.The spatial analysis is investigated covering themes of heritage, nature, circulation

and spatial functions.Three typologies were discovered after site analysis; space A: existing pocket

spaces in courtyards, space B: large open courtyard spaces, and space C: characterful, historic public institutional buildings with large open courtyard spaces.

Corresponding precedents are studied for spaces A, B and C.

OUR PURPOSE IN SLUPSKWhat are our intentions when engaging the community of Slupsk?

During our site visit in the city of Slupsk, we had engaged social dialogues through different actors such as the local residents of Slupsk, city planner, the mayor, NGO and a member of the Technology Incubator. Form of dialogues were initiated through sets of interviews, discussions, conferences and forum.

Through our perspective, we understood that different actors shared different interest/visions on the development of Slupsk. We believe that the local community have the potential to contribute towards the future of Slupsk. For instances, there are already evidences of initiatives were performed by the NGOs and the local authority, responding to local situations and the value and interests of communities involved. It offers us a good opportuniy to envision this essence of collaboration to be taken through a large visionary approach, towards a mediation process that can be taken from small to large scale of interventions under the hands of both urban commons and the state authority.

However, the practice of commoning can be challenging as these participants lie conflicting social and political interest. Our first aim is address the following questions: who are the participants involved? What would be the role of the participants in the interface between bottom-up initiatives and top-down governance?

# site visits # interventions # participants

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City planners study conditions and directions of spatial development of City of Slupsk. They are incharge of issued zonings and location of public investment. Recently, they developed ‘The Study for City Development’ model, featuring plans for different functions in development areas.

Stakeholders are independent party that have interest or concern in an organisation. Some stakeholders such as shareholders and investors can affect or be affected by organisation’s actions, objectives and policies.

PUBLIC CONSULTATIONWho are the participants?

Robert Bierdron is officially the city Mayor of Slupsk in 2014. He strongly believes on equal human rights, freedom of thinking and the development of the economy.. The role of the mayor represents the local government of The City of Slupsk.

City Planners StakeholdersMayor

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1. Department of Urban Planning, Architecture and Civil Engineering, [online] Available from: http://bip.um.slupsk.pl/urzad_miejski/wydzialy/122.html, (accessed 17th December 2015).

We defined the rest of the ‘commons’ such as the local residence as the ordinary people in society who are not involved in any particular political agenda and interest.

There are more than 100 listed non-governmental organisations (NGOs) available in Slupsk. Among of them are chategorised as Public Benefit Organisation (PBO) whereby 90% of efforts are focus on the benefit of general good.

Precariats is a social class living under existing poor conditions of houses that requires maintenenance, social benefits and economic support.

NGOs General PublicPrekariats

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“... no facilities for families, no playgrounds...”

“... some residents still using coal for heating...”

“... city needs small businesses, not most profitable, but those that attract people...”

“... need for better engagement of local NGO’s and coworkers...”


SOCIAL DIALOGUE FROM DIFFERENT ACTORS WITH DIFFERENT DEMANDS/OPINIONS ON SLUPSK

56

“... Dluga bad reputation for gypsy and travelers that used to live there...”

“... young people going abroad..”

“... a pensioner has to survive with their money from pay day to pay day, and still squeeze the expenses for it to last...”

“... we need more playground...”“... I’m working under hourly paid contract of promoting political party in upcoming elections...”“... if the parliament got the seat, I’ll get 2000 Zloty...”“... after the election I’ll be unemployed again...”

NGOs General PublicPrekariats

57

“... over 400 registered NGOs in Slupsk...” “... city dispone 2mln zl per year, allocated for participatory budget, where residents can vote for most wanted projects...”“... only 10% of residents votes in participatory budget programme...”“... problems happen when voted projects exceed the costs estimated in their brief...”

OUR INITIATIVECollaborative mediation between the two social forces

58

Our initiative is to develop the practice of commoning for social forces of state intervention and the existing urban commons to come into mutual participation, with reference of multiple social dialogue and modes of interventions. This process will be taken through a continuous political mediation process to solve different socio-economic issues.

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Continuous Political Mediation Process

Urban commons

Bottom-up Agency

Social groups in common, collective and uncommodified movement

Steer people to collaborate across boundaries and tackles divisions of

social-economic issues

>

>

Territorial enforcement and policing.

>

Top-down Agency

Encourage community development in governance,

planning and action

State Intervention>

ROLES OF PARTICIPANTSWhat could be the roles of participants?


60

Adopt strategic approach to community development within their region, linkingwith other suitable bodies and departments within the City of Slupsk and considering community development when developing regional strategies, including sustainable economic strategies.

Recognise community development as an integral component in the delivery of good public services and local governance.

Represent the City of Slupsk to empower the people and their organisations to influence and transform public policies and services and all factors affecting the conditions of their lives.

1. Communities and local government, [online] Available from: http://www.cdf.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/The-Community-development-challenge.pdf, (accessed 17th December 2015).

NGOs General PublicPrecariats

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Support and develop independent groups and projects across the community sector within an ethical framework, and increase networking between groups.

Advise and inform public authorities on community perspectives and assist them to strengthen communities and work in genuine partnership with them.

Drives younger generations too and develop independent groups and projects across the community sector within an ethical framework, and increase networking between groups.

EDUCATION : LITERATURE‘Education for Good Work.’ E.F. Schumacher, p.112

#school #uni #studyinghard

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‘The Cartesian Revolution (ordered, rigid model) has removed the social sciences from our “map of Knowledge”, (qualitative evaluation); only the core subjects of quantitative learning are left.1

Being entrapped in the metaphysical Cartesian Revolution, education trains students to avoid subjective learning principles.

‘As long as we remain entrapped in the metaphysics represented by the Cartesian Revolution, education can be nothing but a training which, we hope, may enable people to establish themselves more comfortably - the body, not the soul! - in the dark wood of meaningless existence.’2

The present systems of education ‘were developed in large part to meet the labour needs of the Industrial Revolution and they are organized on the principles of mass production.’

‘The problem is that these systems are inherently unsuited to the wholly different circumstances of the twenty-first century.’3

‘How do we prepare young people for the future world or work?’4

Today’s ‘revolution in education’ must come ‘from the ground up’, to make changes within the education system.’5

‘The more innovation there is within them, the more likely they are to evolve as a whole.’6

1. Dr E. F. Schumacher, ‘Small is Beautiful’, 1973 Blond & Briggs Ltd, p.113.2. Ibid, p.114.3. Ken Robinson, ‘Creative Schools Revolutionizing Education from the Ground Up’, United States of America:

Viking Penguin, 2015, p.xv.4. Dr E. F. Schumacher, ‘Small is Beautiful’, 1973 Blond & Briggs Ltd, p.118.5. Ken Robinson, ‘Creative Schools Revolutionizing Education from the Ground Up’, United States of America:

Viking Penguin, 2015, p.xvii.6. Ibid, p.xvii.7. Ibid, p.xvii.

‘The present systems of education were

developed in large part to meet the labour needs of the Industrial Revolution and they are organized on the principles of mass production.

Creative Schools - Ken Robinson’

‘

PRECEDENT STUDYTransformative Learning - participatory qualitative shift in perception. #school #uni #studyinghard

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Transformative learning is an education model researched by Stephen Stirling who aims to invite a ‘qualitative shift in perception and meaning making on the part of the learner in a particular learning experience such that the learner questions or reframes his/her assumptions or habits of thought.’1

O’Connor (2002) transformative learning involves:

- ‘a participatory self or participatory mind (Reason, 1995, p.3).’2

For example Schumacher College plays an important role in ‘advancing, testing and mapping out new purposes, research and pedagogies that higher education could bring on board more centrally.’3 This test bed education facility keeps the ‘voracious appetite’, young children have for learning, ‘alive’ which is the ‘key to transforming education.’4

1. Sterling. S. (2010-11), Transformative Learning and Sustainability: sketching the conceptual ground Stephen Sterling University of Plymouth, UK, Learning and Teaching in Higher Education, Issue 5, p.19.

2. Ibid, p.20.3. Ibid, p.28.4. Robinson. K. (2015) ‘Creative Schools Revolutionizing Education from the Ground Up’, United States of

America: Viking Penguin, p.xii.5. Figure: Schumacher College [online] Available from: https://www.schumachercollege.org.uk/.jpg, (accessed

16th December 2015).

Schumacher College is an international centre for nature-based education, personal transformation and collective

action. The education programme involves, co-creation and participation in a more resilient, equal and sustainable

world.5

Schumacher College, [online] Available from: https://www.schumachercollege.org.uk/, (accessed 13th December 2015).

1. Robert Kozielski , Do it yourself, as Adam Malty, [online] Available from: http://biznes.pl/magazyny/marketing/zrob-to-sam-jak-adam-slodowy/415tc, (accessed 16th December 2015).

2. Figure 1: [online] Available from: http://www.antykwariat.nepo.pl/images/produkty2/slodowylubiemajst1976.jpg (accessed 16h December 2015).

3. Figures 2, [online], Available from: http://ocdn.eu/images/pulscms/NTA7MDMsMCwyZDAsMSwx/f27db8dea5b5275f7df2ed32a17d11c1.jpg, (accessed 16th December 2015).

DIY HISTORYIn the past it was the most popular way of dealing with lack of goods

#diy #doityourself #peoplesrepublicofpoland

66

After the war, Poland got under the governance of the Communist Party starting a very difficult time for the society. Borders switched, the country needed to rebuild after the war and strengthen the economy. New government of People’s Republic of Poland didn’t care much about their citizens. It resulted in empty shop shelves, basic goods being basically unavailable to buy. Even if they were, people didn’t have money to pay for them.

This is how DIY (do it yourself) culture started in Poland. If something was unavailable to buy, then someone had to built it. Need required to share knowledge and skills between family members and neighbours.

But the biggest craze on DIY started when in late 50s National Television started showing new series called “Zrób to sam” (“Do it yourself”). It was hosted by Adam Słodowy, ex-soldier and handyman who could almost build everything from nothing. In the first episode, he demonstrated how to build a bird feeder. In 500 episodes of the programme, viewers could see how to build children telegraph, piggy bank with digital lock, small vacuum machine or alarming device that signalise when water is pouring out of the bath tube.

While some object built on a programme might sound silly, skillful viewers were able to transform them into the machines they needed to substitute or produce what they needed.

With time, as communism fell and society got wealthier, DIY culture faded into oblivion. 1

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Figure 1.

Figures 2.

DIY INITIATIVE

The right to city is the right of an individual or group to access resources and reinvent the city in the community’s desires1. DIY initiative highlights on the urban development of Slupsk through the forces by the individuals and local communities - the production for the masses, empowering them with strong sense of ownership and participation. By putting the urban ‘commons’ into public spaces, transforming into a political commons where people can have collaborative open discussions and debate over what the system should be doing for the future of Slupsk.

Doing DIY projects enhance one’s capability of making their own resources, fostering connections between individuals, bridging deeper connections to materialism, having the wider thought on the resilience, training them to be self-reliance and inspiring the public to take up future projects. The success of the project depends on the collaborations between various civic stakeholders and urban ‘commons’. DIY projects can be used by the communities as mediators to engage residents locally through exchange of knowledge, creative hybrid prototypes that can create an impact of creative placemaking and urban design; solving deprivation issues and build resilience on the city of Slupsk.

Based on current identified issues of Slupsk, we explore our ideas on alternative energy generation prototypes through the use of ‘intermediate technology’3 - combines sophisticated ideas with cheap and readily available local materials that can be developed by the ‘commons’ as an example of DIY initiative towards improving the economy and social wellbeing.

1. Harvey. D. ‘Rebel cities from the right to the city to the urban revolution’, (2012, London: Verso).2. http://www.artscapediy.org/Creative-Placemaking/Approaches-to-Creative-Placemaking.aspx3. Dr E. F. Schumacher, ‘Small is Beautiful’, 1973 Blond & Briggs Ltd, p.48

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# intermediate technology # placemaking # micro-generation

PRECEDENT STUDYDIY Wind Turbines & Hydroelectic generators

#diy #cleanenergy #windandwater

70

DIY Wind Turbines & Hydroelectic generators

Generating energy from a wind or water is mostly carried out in a big scale as it’s most efficient that way. However, on the Internet could be found numbers of guides and tutorials how to build small wind or water turbine. It’s hardly possible that DIY turbine will produce enough energy to power a house. It may be a great help to reduce household electricity expenses.1

1. Popular mechanics, [online] Available from: [online] Available from: http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/environment/how-to/g118/make-your-own-miniature-wind-turbine/, (accessed 19th December 2015).

2. Figures 1: Popular mechanics, [online] Available from: [online] Available from: http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/environment/how-to/g118/make-your-own-miniature-wind-turbine/, (accessed 19th December 2015).

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Figures 1.

PRECEDENT STUDY#eco #cleanenergy #windenergy

Turbine Tree by New Wind

72

Measuring 36 feet structure features 72 leaf-turbines operate around the tree.

While wind blows, leaf turbines rotate producing the energy. Thanks to cables and generators being integrated within the tree structure, it operates almost silently.

Tree inspired design allows it to perfectly blend into any landscape - urban and rural. It’s storm resistant and has no restrictions about it’s placement in a city. - can be installed as close to the buildings as possible.1

Figures 1.

1. New wind, [online] Available from: http://www.newwind.fr/en/innovations/, (accessed 16th December 2015).

2. Figures 1 and 2: New wind, [online] Available from: http://www.newwind.fr/en/innovations/, (accessed 16th December 2015).

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Figures 2.

Demand Energy Equality It is a group that focuses their work on systematic change in the way energy is used, produced and controlled. The group is organizing practical energy workshops, collaborative engagement projects towards increasing energy literacy and contributing to a more resilient future. The group works to increase people’s energy understanding and agency in order that they can reduce their demand, and understand the need to do so, and where possible, reduce their vulnerability to future price rises and fuel poverty.One of their projects was focused on recycling old windows and turning them into solar panels. 1

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1. Demand Energy Quality, [online] Available from: http://www.demandenergyequality.org/, (accessed 17th December 2015).

PRECEDENT STUDY#eco #cleanenergy #windenergy

Transition Town Town Totness - from oil dependence to local resiliene

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Transition Town Totnes is a ‘dynamic community - led and run charity that exists to strengthen the local economy. reduce the cost of living and build’ Totnes’s ‘resilience for a future with less cheap energy and a changing climate.’

The two central aspects to the project are; localisation which meets the core needs of local ‘food, building materials, energy ... as offering huge potential to’ Totnes’s ‘local economies, while also reducing oil vulnerability and carbon emissions.’2

The second aspect is resilience of rebuilding the fabric and economy of Totnes.

The Transition Town movement is where ‘grassroots communities are developed to work towards building resilience in response to peak oil, climate change and economic instability.’

‘Socioeconomic localisation.’1

1. Transition Town Totnes, [online] Available from: http://www.transitiontowntotnes.org/2015/11/update-from-grown-in-totnes/, (accessed 12th December 2015).

2. Ibid, Transition Town Totnes, [online]. 3. Figure 1: Transition Town Totnes, [online] Available from: http://www.transitiontowntotnes.org/2015/11/

update-from-grown-in-totnes/, (accessed 12th December 2015).4. Figures 2: Transition Town Movement, The Planning Observer, [online] Available from: http://www.

planningobserver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/timeline.jpg, Alee Denham, February 28th 2012, ALEE DENHAM, FEBRUARY 28, 2012, (accesed 12th December 2015).

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Figure 1.

Figures 2.

URBAN ANALYSISSpatial analysis of the city with division on a typology.

# spatial # typologies # circulation

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Cultural Buildings

Green Space & River

5 mins walkability

HERITAGE & NATURE

Main traffic circulationCycling pathsBus routesTrainline

VEHICULAR PATH, BIKE & CIRCULATION

80

Education FacilityNational ServiceGovernment ServiceNon-government ServiceRetailIndustrial FacilityBusiness Incubator

SPATIAL FUNCTIONS

81

Typology Space APocket spaces.

Typology Space BSocial activity courtyards.

Typology Space CPublic institutions and derelict, historic buildings, social spaces.

TYPOLOGY

82

URBAN ANALYSISHighlighted opportunities for future development of typologies.

# spatial # typologies # circulation

The highlighted areas indicated large numbers of deprivations as statistics are overlapped to show possible correlations.

PRECEDENT STUDYExploring on the improvement of typology spaces

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Entrance from the courtyards in Wrocław, Poland

Realization of artistic interventions in neglected corners of Wroclaw, mainly in backyards.Aim to interact inhabitants together - activate them.1

Figure 1.

1. Wroclaw Entrance from the courtyard, [online] Available from: http://www.wroclaw2016.pl/podworze?page=project-pages, (accessed 12th December 2015).

2. Figure 1: Wroclaw Entrance from the courtyard, [online] Available from: http://www.wroclaw2016.pl/podworze?page=project-pages, (accessed 12th December 2015).

3. Chimney Pot Park , Salford, CABE, [online] Available from: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk, (accessed 12th December 2015).

4. Figure 2: Chimney Pot Park , Salford, CABE, [online] Available from: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk, (accessed 12th December 2015).

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Chimney Pots in Salford, Machester, UK

Urban Splash and architect shedkmscheme illustrates the rearrangement of existing terrace housing in Salford to enable parking under the proposed first floor terrace. This aims to decrease the congestion of parking on the streets.2

The Les Cours du BHV project (by Jamie Fobert Architects) in Paris, France

It proposed new facades on Rue des Archives which aims to restore and revive a historic area of Paris.In the courtyards, stacked ‘cube’ forms are designed to be inhabited by retailers and will give the scale of the city to the historic courtyards.3

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

5. Jamie Fobert, Les Cours du BHV , [onlin] Available from: http://jamiefobertarchitects.com/work/bhv/, (accessed 10th December 2015).

6. Figure 3: Jamie Fobert, Les Cours du BHV , [onlin] Available from: http://jamiefobertarchitects.com/work/bhv/, (accessed 10th December 2015).

1980 (Before) 2009 (After)

86

Market Square in Bruges, Belgium

1980:Bruges market square. Cars parked around the square.

2009: Bruges market square.Cars banned from the square. Market stalls and pedestrian circulation.1

Figures 1.

1. Family Trip to Europe - 1980-2009, [online] Available from: http://skynet.ohsu.edu/~hersh/eu/, (accessed 10th December 2015).

2. Figures 1: Family Trip to Europe - 1980-2009, [online] Available from: http://skynet.ohsu.edu/~hersh/eu/, (accessed 10th December 2015).

3. Farewell Willow, The Neighbourhood picnic in the quarter of Lompy, Daszyńskiego, Orzeszkowa and Jaracz., [online] Available from: http://filtrator.org/aktualnosci/pozegnanie-wierzby/, (accessed 12th December 2015).

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The Neighbourhood picnic in residential social yards in Wrocław, Poland

Opportunity to meet both with the youngest generation of residents of the yard who helped with planting.3

The Maker Faire in New York, USA

The Life Size Mousetrap is a hand crafted, 16 piece, 50,000-lb. interactive kinetic sculpture set atop a 6,500-square-foot game board.5 Creative engineering festival.This sculpture displayed at the Maker Faire was single-handedly designed, machined and sculpted by Adrian Landon, at his home and metal shop in Brooklyn, NY.DIY creative crafts displayed at social events.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

4. Figure 2: Farewell Willow, The Neighbourhood picnic in the quarter of Lompy, Daszyńskiego, Orzeszkowa and Jaracz., [online] Available from: http://filtrator.org/aktualnosci/pozegnanie-wierzby/, (accessed 12th December 2015).

5. Maker Faire, [online] Available from: http://makerfaire.com/maker/entry/52576/, (accessed 12th December 2015).

6. Figure 3: Maker Faire, [online] Available from: http://makerfaire.com/maker/entry/52576/, (accessed 12th December 2015).

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The Copernicus Science Centre in Warsaw, Poland

Hosts a range of activities, programs and workshops dedicated to teachers, school groups and individual visitors.1

Figure 1.

1. Copernicus Science Centre, [online] Available from: http://www.kopernik.org.pl/en/exhibitions/thinkatorium/, (accessed 16th December 2015).

2. Figure 1: Copernicus Science Centre, [online] Available from: http://www.kopernik.org.pl/en/exhibitions/thinkatorium/, (accessed 16th December 2015).

3. The Tech Museum of Innovation, [online] http://www.thetech.org/, (accessed 12th December 2015).4. Figures 2: The Tech Museum of Innovation, [online] http://www.thetech.org/, (accessed 12th December

2015).

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The Eden Project in Bodelwa, UKIt includes programmes inviting students studying subjects such as:-enterprise and innovation.-regeneration and geography.-biology.-conservation.-sustainability.-marketing.-architecture and design.The centre includes community support programmes.2

The Tech Museum of Innovation in San Jose, USA

A Community Resource for Innovation and Education.

The Tech is a valued community resource for education and innovation, one that in 2015 was awarded the National Medal for Museum and Library Service, the highest honor a United States museum can achieve.1

Figures 2.

Figures 3.5. Eden Project, [online] Available from: https://www.edenproject.com/learn/further-and-higher-education/

university-and-college-trips, (accessed 12th December 2015).6. Figures 3: Eden Project, [online] Available from: https://www.edenproject.com/learn/further-and-higher-

education/university-and-college-trips, (accessed 12th December 2015).

DLUGA SITE ANALYSISExisting site analysis of typology and courtyard possibilities in Długa Street neighbourhood.

# reappropriation # re rehabilitation # skills development

90

Dluga is primarily residential and industrial site south of the Slupsk City Hall, but visually connected and efficient access to the city centre,

However the site has poor maintenance of pavements, courtyards and green spaces. The prominent visual typology in Dluga are the streets lined with parked cars and sometimes on the pavements due to privatisation of public space resulting in less room for pedestrians.

The site houses a majority of residential buildings which use coal fired heating systems. The coal emissions causes air pollution as well as other fumes emitted by burning domestic rubbish such as plastic bottles.

Dluga has the highest benefits value in Slupsk and the largest number of family related crimes. The site houses multiple allotments which are well maintained and spark initiatives and social interactions. In addition the site is in close proximity to a Technology Incubator which could be harnessed by extending the initiatives to support local businesses in Dluga.

COAL HEATINGcauses air pollution


COMMUNITY ALLOTMENTS

sparks initiatives & social interactionsCOMMUNITY

ALLOTMENTSsparks initiatives & social

interactions


CARS PARKED ON PAVEMENTS

privatisation of public space, less room for pedestrians





CARS PARKED IN VOIDS AND GAPS

privatisation of public space, unused land





NO TREES ON STREET

POOR MAINTENANCE OF COURTYARD’S

GREEN AREAS

POOR MAINTENANCE OF COURTYARD’S

GREEN AREAS

91

SITE PHOTOSPhoto documentation of Długa Street neighbourhood. # reappropriation # rerehabilitation # skills

development

92

W. POLSKIEGO SITE ANALYSIS# social interaction courtyard

Existing site analysis of typology and courtyard possibilities in Wojska Polskiego Street neighbourhood.

94

Wojska Polskiego’s sites are situated along the Wojska Polskiego promenade street lined with commercial, offices and residential properties on the floors above. The promenade channels circulation effectively from the train station to the city centre.

Along the promenade street are opportunities for social interactions due to suitable meeting spaces and market stalls.

In the urban blocks behind the main, ornate frontages, the secondary streets are lined with parked cars and courtyards are utilised mainly for parking and deliveries.

The bus station us located behind the main promenade street and is not in such a prominent visual position as the train station at the pinnacle of the west end of Wojska Polskiego street.

In addition neighbouring the bus station is a large empty plot of land presenting a neglected site atmosphere.

Similarly to Dluga many of the properties are heated by coal fired heating systems.

There is a redeveloped courtyard housed next to the NGO centre which has been redesigned by re-appropriating the courtyard with a theatre space, playground, table tennis facilities and an external gym.


NGO CENTREsparks initiatives & activates

the neighbourhood





EMPTY PLOT PUBLIC SQUAREsocial interactions


REDESIGNED COURTYARD

PROMENADEsocial interactions

95

SITE PHOTOSPhoto documentation of Wojska Polskiego Street neighbourhood. # re appropriation # re rehabilitation # skills

development

96

NEW MUSEUM SITE ANALYSIS# re appropriation # re rehabilitation # skills

development

Existing site analysis of typology and courtyard possibilities in New Museum neighbourhood.

98

The New Museum site includes two historic gain stores tiled ‘Red and White’ grain stores. These buildings are architecturally characterful and have the potential to become tourist attractions celebrating their prime River Slupia proximity, internal high ceilings and monolithic morphologies.

Also located around the museums is a Youth Cultural Centre, multiple schools and large institution buildings such as the court and Short Stay Male custody prison.In addition there are community allotments and a neighbouring cemetery.The site has also the largest number of retired people.

Presently the grain stores are derelict and are proposed to become museums for the city of Slupsk. The land around the two buildings are utilised by a car park and to the rear there is a car body paint workshop with numerous vehicles parked in the urban block and along secondary street pavements.




FORMER WAREHOUSE BUILDINGS

available for rent

PRIVATE GREEN AREAnot available to everyone

COMMUNITY ALLOTMENTS

sparks initiatives & social interactions

CUSTODY BUILDING

99

SITE PHOTOSPhoto documentation of New Museum neighbourhood. # re appropriation # re rehabilitation # skills

development

100

DEVELOPMENT

STRATEGY

03

03 Chapter 3 contains the three modes of designed interventions for the proposal.Two scales of interventions are used in the strategy; small and medium in terms of spatial, social and economic perspectives. The urban rules are designed to re-appropriate the existing fabric ranging from extension, re-appropriation, preservation and demolition.The spatial, social and economical aspects are interlocked to achieve knowledge exchange across two actors, the state and urban commons.The masterplan proposal is developed through five phasing through small and medium scales. In addition the spatial strategy is displayed in layers illustrating how the urban rules mediate the re-appropriation of the urban fabric. The project’s funding is explored as a process starting from gaining a bid for a research development innovation centre via the new museums as the catalysts for European Funding. The process transcends to local authorities, NGOs to re-appropriate and renovate existing structures. As a result the museums can become the research and innovation centre to obtain funds for the project development. In addition local industries will be used to their potential to supply large scale production facilities and investment in innovative solutions. Perspectives of the proposed environment are portrayed illustrating activities and vibrancy. Lastly the future proposals are displayed targeting the initial issues of the lack of dialogue and collaboration between two actors, the state and urban commons. This is by proposing a forum connecting dialogue between multiple institutions and sharing skills across Slupsk. In addition the current problems of significant unemployment ratings after education and the social migration of the public are proposed to be mitigated by introducing greater opportunities for creative participation and apprenticeships to achieve work after graduation from the Polish education system.

# intervention # process # manual

106

THE FRAMEWORK3 modes of project intervention

We devised 3 stages of project intervention- discover, process and implement as a clear manual for the ‘commons’ in which they could address towards the resilience of the city. Precedents are drawn from projects conducted by ‘Made in Tottenham’project1 and ‘Design Thinking Innovation Process’ by Experience Point2.

1. Made in Tottenham, [online] Availble from: https://www.anewdirection.org.uk/asset/959, (accessed 17th Deceber 2015).

2. The University of British Columbia, Design Process, [online] Available from: http://dstudio.ubc.ca/toolkit/processes/, (accessed 17th December 2015).

DIS

COVE

R

PROCESS IMPLEMENT

Analyse existing context socio-economic issues to re-frame design problems based on user perspectives and experiences.

Identify opportunities for intersection between what people value or need and what organisation can offer within a given time and budget.

Organise a team of mediators to collaborate with other actors. Understand who are our primary user, their backgrounds and who can change or influence in the process?

Understand the provision of location in terms of impact and cost. Understand the scale of project and which location would be best suited to be undertaken.

Assemble the initiative by combining different techniques such as prototyping, co-design and action

planning to explore possible responses throughout the design process.

Assemble techniques through delivery of accessible, tangible instruments such as workshops, test beds and

fabrication labs.

Understand what is the startup cost; how to divert funds, track savings and long term payment incentives

to ensure the success of project delivery.

Evaluate the viability and likelihood of making successful implementation and adoption of project - what are the potential benefits and consequences?

Evaluate new implementation of project whether can it adapt or change the socio-economic issues faced.

Evaluate the next step of project to be revised or move on to a bigger scale intervention.

What are the problems to be addressed?

What are the opportunities to present?

Who should benefit?

Where should we focus?

What is the best way to respond to these problems?

How to translate the design in delivery?

How to consolidate funding?

What is the outcome of the project?

What is the resilience on the outcome of project?

107

SCALE OF INTERVENTIONTwo scales of intervention used in strategy with mutual correlation.

# transition # correlation # cycle

These modes of intervention does not occur only in a linear pattern but continuously in a circular transition through different scale of intervention. Development proposals are continuously being implemented in a cycle and may repeat itself to build resilience towards different socio-economic issues. We define scale of interventions as to the difference in the level of influence and system change in terms of spatial, social and economic perspectives.

There is also a tendency within these modes of interventions, development proposal could occur in various mixtures of scale depending on the opportunities available on site.

For example, a small scale community project in Wojska Polskiego may have medium scale benefits by it’s neighbouring networks of NGOs, technical school facilities and partnership with local authorities.

S

M

Scale Intervention

Scale Intervention

S

M

Scale Intervention

Scale Intervention

108

109

PART

YZA

NTO

WCORRELATIONActors & networks correlations

Understanding social complexity of actors and networks within the 3 proposed site. Different sites might have overlaps on community interest, opportunities, participants, operative environment, activities and funding resources. These overlaps highlights possible correlations; create stronger relationships; and allowing more collaborative linkages with one another.

Overlaps of actors and networks in different scales

Actors in medium (M) scale role of influences

Actors in small (S) scale role of influences

DULGA

WO

JSKA PO

LSKIEGO

M

S

UBRAN RULESUrban rules of spatial intervention

Hybrid Connection

Existing blocks

Connection between two buildings

Creating public-oriented spaces

Developed spaces

Connection between two buildings & multiple levels, encourage social & business interactions.

Maximising spaces above while enhancing social inclusive space below.

Effective use of vacant spaces.

Transitional Space,DIY Installation Gallery

Transitional Space, Market Vendors

DIY Workshop,Fabrication Labs, Test beds, Retail spaces

EXTENTION

110

Adaptive Upper-croft Courtyard

Existing blocks

Adaptive courtyardCollaborative spaces TerraceMulti-functional public spaces, bridging social inclusivity and allocation of storage, garage and workshop spaces below

Existing buildings redefine as collaborative spaces, allocated for communal activities in courtyard.

Extended balconies, allocating additional gardening space and storage space below

Allotment Space, Test BedsOutdoor Theatre

Consultation rooms,Research Labs

Terrace Garden, Viewing deck

EXTENTION

111

112

Adaptive Reuse Internal Spaces

Existing blocks

REAPPROPRIATION

Reappropriate vacant & existing spaces

Reappropriate roof spaces

Open-plan collaborative Spaces

Vacant & existing spaces can be redefined as micro and macro spaces for different size of collaborative projects.

Existing roof can be reused to utilise natural light and ventilation

M u l t i - f u n c t i o n a l customised spaces to cater for different types of events.

Consultation Rooms, Design Studio, Conference room

Roof top garden,Offices

Consultation rooms,Research Labs

113

Adaptive Ground Floor Courtyard

Existing blocks

REAPPROPRIATION

Green Amenities DIY Narrative Courtyards

Public Allotments

Reappropriate existing courtyard spacesImprove courtyard spaces into a more public-oriented spaces, sharable among the ‘commons’.

Maximise shop frontage

Existing blocks

REAPPROPRIATION

Divided vehicular circulation P e d e s t r i a n - o r i e n t e d Streets

Start-up IncentivesReappropriate vehicular and pedestrian circulations to enhance social inclusivity and security.

Maximised shared spaces for the ‘commons’ to conduct pedestrian activities and circulation space.

Offers low cost & tax free incentives to small-medium enterprises on retail spaces for DIY projects.

Primary vehicular roads, pedestrian & cycle paths Market vendors Incubators, retail spaces

114

PRESERVATION

Preserve historical facades Enhance mixed-used typology

Maintaining skyline profile

Maintaining historical link, enhance cultural identity of Slupsk.

Improving existing spaces with more mixed-used typology for greater social interactions.

Ensures buildings do not overshadow courtyard spaces and provide visibility towards historical buildings.

115

Enhance permeability

Existing blocks

DEMOLITION

Permeability of Sight & CirculationsDemolish existing space to allow more permeability through existing built fabric, creating landmark sight-lines and social inclusive space.

116

117URBAN STRATEGY DIY INITIATIVE

The first thing to understand is that the public peace - the sidewalk and street peace - of cities is not kept primarily by the police, necessary as police are. It is kept primarily by an intricate, almost unconscious, network of voluntary controls and standards among the people themselves, and enforced by the people themselves.

‘

The Death and Life of Great American Cities - Jane Jacobs’

DESIGN INTENTIONSSpatial, social and economic intentions

118

The aim of our strategy is to instill a two-way collaborative approach (process of knowledge exchange) upon both urban ‘commons’ and state interventions to share ideas, experiences and learning. Our urban strategy and masterplan proposals concern spatial, social and economic perspectives which can be explained as follows: -

SpatialTerritorial Cohesion: Revitalising spaces in order to maintain balance distribution of social and economic resources by implementing constraints and benefits imposed upon deprived areas with the support of financial framework. Mechanical Learning Elements: Improve one’s collaborative capabilities by enriching learning process and technology-aided approach. Biological Learning Elements: Improve surrounding context with rich green and cultural spaces that can enhance one’s learning ability1.

SocialSocial Groups: Provide DIY projects that cater to range of participants derived from individual, communal, industry and state interventions. Social Complexity: Analyses social networks in Slupsk from small to large perspectives, understanding patterns of deprivation areas in terms of poor economy, social security and green poverty. Attitudes: Instill sense of ownership upon the local communities to conform and be motivated to develop projects in order to respond to current issues of Slupsk.

EconomyInnovation and Creativity: Promoting hybrid ideas and new prototypes when cooperative design and discussions between participants from different backgrounds and industries are initiated. New prototypes can enhance conditions of local economy. Networking and Collaborations: Providing a platform that connects people from different locations who can offer help and solutions. Interdisciplinary Learning Approach: Instill the public to explore various ways to conduct learning process through different means of media and social interactions.

1. Prashnig. B. The Power of Diversity : New Ways of Learning and Teaching Through Learning Styles, (2004, A&C Black).

MASTERPLAN PROPOSALDulga Masterplan in Medium (S) Scale Intervention

120

Within these 3 proposed zones, Dluga site was used as a case study to provide an example of future in depth masterplan proposals.

Using DIY initiatives to help improve the urban conditions, the masterplan proposals illustrate a series of phases highlighting spatial interventions and processes in different scale of influences (from small to medium scale interventions). Different series of projects were developed using the example of the framework (refer to page 132 for descriptive format).

Phase 1: Project started by drawing the attention of NGOs to act as mediators of the project to steer the precariats for the improvement of Dluga and DIY approach. Existing NGO spaces will be used as collaborative discussions to plan for development of DIY projects.

Phase 2: NGOs and precariats can be mediators to draw attention in wider audiences to be part of the cause, performing DIY prototypes and workshops to enhance personal skill sets such as car maintenance and creative ways of growing food. Vacant spaces are proposed to be re-appropriate for more workshop and collaborative spaces.

Phase 3: Wider collaborations are conducted with City Planners to discuss common grounds on urban planning and changing local planning policies. Involvement of stakeholders will initiate future funding opportunities for DIY projects of wider ambitions. Permeability within sites of Dluga are further enhanced with plants and DIY green infrastructure, enhancing social inclusivity and pedestrian-oriented spaces.

121

Step-by-step DIY InitiativesDLUGA

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

The steer of the project

Prototyping DIY projects

Urban planning & funding opportunity

Surveys, Interviews,Seminars,DIY research

DIY Testing,Research Development, Community PracticeExhibitions

Forum, Conference,Stakeholder dialogue,Action planning

NGOs(Mediators)

NGOs & Precariatsv(Mediators)

NGOs, Precariats & General public

(Mediators)

Mayor, Stakeholder, City planners

General Public

Precariats

SScale Intervention

122

Phase 1

The steer of the project

Surveys, Interviews,Seminars,DIY research, Discussions

NGOs(Mediators)

Precariats

Reusing NGO spaces for seminars and project discussions

Conducting surveys and interview

Initiate project with NGOs as mediators to steer the precariats

Analyse current issues and search for potential volunteers in the neighbourhood

Develop start-up projects with common interest on DIY approach

123

Phase 2

Prototyping DIY projects

Allotment spacesCommunity Practice,Narrative courtyard and pocket spaces

NGOs & Precariats(Mediators)

General Public

Establish green links

Reappropriate vacant spaces through self-fund initiatives

Trails of narrative courtyard and pocket spaces

Propose more allotment spaces

Improving permeability into Dulga street with DIY green infrastructure

Allocating spaces for workshops and design studios.

Teaching the public on enhance skillsets such as maintenance, plumbings, growing and electrical appliances

Demonstrate visuals and installations on creative DIY approach

Exploring new methods of growing in relation to

technolog and permaculture

124

Phase 3

Urban planning & funding opportunity

Forum, Conference,Stakeholder dialogue,Action planning


(Mediators)


Expanding conference, forum spaces

Industrial fabrication labs

Action planing on revitalising Dulga

Discussion on the improvement of DIY project to the next level

Collaborate with local industries to develop DIY prototypes in larger scale

Collaborate with city planners to improve local issues and planning policy

Discuss future collaborative funding opportunities

Establish green links

Enhance permeability into Dulga street with DIY green infrastructure

Stakeholder dialogue

125

MASTERPLAN PROPOSALDluga Masterplan in Medium (M) Scale Intervention # large DIY projects # relationships

# infrastructure

Phase 4: With proper funding resources, materials can be invested into making large DIY projects such as solar panels, wind farms, operative facades and green infrastructures. Regional conferences are held to explore alternative ways to produce clean energy and enhance relationships within City Center of Slupsk. Developed green links enhance the characters of Dluga as pedestrian-oriented spaces and improves social security. Public spaces are allocated for the urban ‘commons’ to conduct communal activities such as knowledge fairs and street vendors.

Phase 5:Solar panels, wind farms, insulation panels and operative facades are proposed to enhance the urban fabric of Dluga, supporting the local community through micro-generation of energy and other DIY initiatives. Research on DIY approach never stops, further analysis such as DIY microbial fuel cells and other projects can be developed in response to further resilience of the city.

126

Step-by-step DIY Initiatives

MScale Intervention

DLUGA

City Networkings & collaborations

DIY Implementation, micro-generation

Regional Conference, Open-source Knowledge Fair, Focus Group

Test beds, Research Development, Co-design & production, Demonstration


(Mediators)

Education Institution, Technology Incubators


(Mediators)

City planners


Phase 4

Phase 5

127

Regional Conference

Explore creative topic on energy poverty and deprivation issues

Collaborative planning with NGOs

Debate and explore new DIY approach

Rented Consultation spaces

Improving mix-use typology & develop business incubators

Improving green links

Improving green parks

Knowledge fair

Design and test DIY solar panels, wind turbines and insulation panels

Proposed new production spaces

Initiating construction of upper-croft courtyard

Phase 4

City Networkings & collaborations

Regional Conference, Open-source Knowledge Fair, Focus Group, constructing new spaces


(Mediators)


Proposed new conference spaces

128

Improving mixed-use typology & develop more business incubators

Improve and develop more workshop spaces with enhanced technology

DIY Implementation, micro-generation

Research Development

Celebrative space

Market spaces

Design Studio

Explore new prototypes regarding micro-generation

DIY allotment spaces

DIY wind farms

Co-production

Collaborative involvement with community in the production process

Test beds

DIY solar panels

Testing DIY microbial fuel cell

Test beds, Research Development, Co-design & production, Demonstration

Education Institution, Technology Incubators


(Mediators)

City planners

Phase 5

129

ExtensionAdaptive

upper-croft courtyard

ExtensionHybrid

connection

Re-appropriationMaximise shop

frontage

PreservationEnhance mixed-used tyopology

Re-appropriationAdaptive reuse internal spaces

Re-appropriationAdaptive grid

floor courtyard spaces

DemolitionEnhance

permeability of street

SPATIAL INTERVENTION

Under-croft DIY workshop, garage,

storage

Upper-croft courtyards,

allotment space

Conference room, design studios,

offices, research labs

Fabrication & production labs,

test beds

Residential area

Mix use housing typology

130

131

3 proposed sites showed correlations towards energy poverty, social migration demonstrated by derelict housing and ill maintained structures, and unemployment with regard to the multitude of empty shops and businesses.

• Social & cultural associations & NGOS.

• Limited accessible green spaces.

• Presence of existing allotment spaces.

• Commercial.• Religious

typologies.

• Presence of existing technical schools.

• Presence of mix-used typology.

THE

MU

SEU

M

DULGA

WO

JSKA PO

LSKIEGO

M

S

• Presence of mixed use typologies.

• Resedential properties on top floors.

• Voids in the existing building fabric.

• Mixed relious typologies: Catholic church, mosque, synagogue.

CORRELATIONS

View of New Museum from the river.

FUNDING PROPOSAL

132

Since the City of Slupsk is currently facing 300miln zl debt in their budget, it is down to existing public institutions and local NGO’s to take the lead in implementation of the strategy. The Museum of the Middle Pomerania in Słupsk would serve as a financially strategic starting point. With the asset of the existing historical buildings, the red and the white grain stores, that the institution has received from the local authorities, and the dedicated budget for re-appropriation of those buildings, the museum in collaboration with local NGO’s and Slupsk Technology incubators would form a bid for additional European Funds. Initial funds for revitalization would serve as base point for the bid. The collaborative bid would refer to the revitalisation and development of the region funds, with particular stress on research and testing of renewable energy sources. Those funds would be used to create interactive and flexible museum and visitors centre.

At the same time renovation of city centre social housing will have place. The city council will spend 3,4mln zl on the appropriate repairs and improvements of existing council housing (in this proposal shown as Dluga Street and Wojska Polskiego Street development) according to the future planned additions to the structures and development of DIY and production spaces. Once visitors centre develops and form attractive and strong element of the strategy, it will serve as promotional centre, facilitate thematically talks and conferences, as well as, free users feedback centre. When locally designed and produced DIY good will be distributed, improving situation of local employment and economy, the framework and analogical build structure principles would be applied in other urban blocks and areas of the city.

It is expected along the whole process, existing local industries would take active participation in the strategy - by financial contribution, as well as, investment of time, particularly skilled human recourses and sharing parts of their manufacturing facilities.

# live & work # courtyard activities # re-appropriate

STREET ATMOSPHEREProposed view of Długa Street.

PROPOSED SOCIAL INTERVENTIONS ON THE STREET

134

SITE LOCATION

# dialogue centres# backyard workshops # local retail

STREET ATMOSPHEREProposed view of Wojska Polskiego Street.

SITE LOCATION


138

View of New Museum from the river. # catalyst for change # creative display

# present

STREET ATMOSPHERE


SITE LOCATION


142

View of New Museum from the river.

# forum # autonomous # set up local businesses

FUTURE PROPOSAL

146

CONTINUOUS POLITICAL MEDIATION PROCESS

AUTONOMOUS EDUCATION AND LOCAL ECONOMY PROGRAMME

Addressing the existing issue of lack of collaboration between the state institution actors and urban commons actors by linking top-down and bottom-up actors to participate and share skills and knowledge.

Addressing the current problems of significant unemployment ratings after education and the social migration of public due to lack of opportunities.

- Where do you see Słupsk in 2020? - Near river Słupia, but it will look completely different. For sure it will be nicer and more beautiful.1

““Robert Biedroń in the interview.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

150

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