DIVISION 3 CONCRETE - Missouri Public Service … cases/2016-00270/20160722_Plans And...Construct...
Transcript of DIVISION 3 CONCRETE - Missouri Public Service … cases/2016-00270/20160722_Plans And...Construct...
03100‐1
15029/7.19.2016 CONCRETEFORMWORK
SECTION03100 CONCRETEFORMWORKPART1‐GENERAL1.01 WORKINCLUDED
A. Formworkforcast‐in‐placeconcrete,withshoring,bracing,andanchorage.
B. Openingsforotheraffectedwork.
C. Formaccessories.
D. Strippingforms.1.02 RELATEDWORK
A. Section03210‐ReinforcingSteel
B. Section03310‐StructuralConcrete.1.03 REFERENCES
A. ACI301‐SpecificationsforStructuralConcreteforBuildings.
B. ACI347‐RecommendedPracticeforConcreteFormwork.
C. PS1‐ConstructionandIndustrialPlywood.
D. ACI318‐BuildingCodeRequirementsforReinforcedConcrete.
E. FieldReferenceManual,ACIPublicationSP‐15.1.04 SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
Design,engineerandconstructformwork,shoring,bracingtomeetdesignandcoderequirements,sothatresultantconcreteconformstorequiredshapes,lines,dimensionsandtolerances.1.05 QUALITYASSURANCE
ConstructanderectconcreteformworkinaccordancewithACI301and347,latestrevisions.Contractorshallmaintainacopyofthesestandards,orPublicationSP‐15inthefieldatalltimes.PART2‐PRODUCTS2.01 FORMMATERIALS
A. Plywood;DouglasFirspecies;mediumdensityoverlaidonesidegrade;sound,undamagedsheetswithstraightedges.
B. Formsshallbesufficientlyrigidtopreventdisplacementorsaggingbetweensupports,andsoconstructedthattheconcretewillnotbedamagedbytheirremoval.TheContractorshallbeentirelyresponsiblefortheiradequacy.
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C. Forsurfacestobegivenrubbedfinish,theformincontactwiththeconcreteshallbemadeof
plywood,metal,metalframedplywoodfaced,orotheracceptablepanel‐typematerials,toprovidecontinuousstraight,smooth,exposedsurfaces.Furnishinlargestpracticablesizestominimizethenumberofjoints.Formsshallnotbepiecedoutbyuseofmaterialdifferentfromthoseintheadjacentformorinsuchmanneraswilldetractfromtheuniformityofthefinishedsurface.
D. Forsurfacesotherthanthosetobegivenrubbedfinishformsshallbemadeofwood,metal,orother acceptable material. Wooden forms shall be constructed of sound lumber or plywood of suitabledimensions,freefromknotholesandlooseknots.Plywoodshallbeinreasonablygood,condition.Metalformsshallbeofanacceptabletypefortheworkinvolved.2.02 FORMWORKACCESSORIES
A. Formtiestobeencasedinconcreteshallnotbemadeofthroughboltsorcommonwire,butshallbeofawellestablishedtype,somadeandinstalledastoembodythefollowingfeatures:
1. Afterremovaloftheprotrudingpartofthetie,thereshallbenometalnearerthan1‐1/2"tothefaceoftheconcrete.
2. Thatpartof thetiewhich is toberemovedshallbeat least1/2" indiameter,or if
smaller,itshallbeprovidedwithawood,metal,orplasticcone1"longplacedagainsttheinsideoftheforms.Conesshallbecarefullyremovedfromtheconcreteaftertheformshavebeenstripped.
B. FormReleaseAgent:Colorlessmaterialwhichwillnotstainconcrete,absorbmoistureorimpair
naturalbondingorcolorcharacteristicsofcoatingintendedforuseonconcrete.AcceptableproductsincludeNox‐CreteFormCoatingReleaseAgent,DebondFormCoatingbyL&MConstructionChemicalsInc.,orapprovedequal.
C. FilletsforChamferedCorners:WoodstriptypetothesizeandshapeasshownontheDrawings.
D. Nails,spikes,lagbolts,throughbolts,anchorages:Sizedasrequiredofstrengthandcharactertomaintainformworkinplacewhileplacingconcrete.PART3‐EXECUTION3.01 INSPECTION
Verifylines,levelsandmeasurementsbeforeproceedingwithformwork.3.02 PREPARATION
Earthorrockformsnotpermittedexceptatfootings.3.03 ERECTION
A. Providebracingtoensurestabilityofformwork.Strengthenformworkliabletobeoverstressedbyconstructionloads.
B. Formsforwalls,columns,orpiersshallhaveremovablepanelsatbottomforcleaning,andinspection.Formsforthinsections(suchaswallsorcolumns)ofconsiderableheightshallbearrangedwithsuitableopeningssothattheconcretecanbeplacedinamannerthatwillpreventsegregationandaccumulations
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ofhardenedconcreteontheformsorreinforcementabovethefreshconcrete,unlessspecialspoutsareusedtoplaceconcrete,andsothatconstructionjointscanbeproperlykeyedandtreated.
D. Formsforexposedsurfacesshallbebuiltwith3/4"chamferstripsattachedtoproducesmooth,straightchamfersatallsharpedgesofconcrete.
E. Before formmaterial is reused, all surfaces that are in contactwith the concrete shall bethoroughlycleaned,alldamagedplacesrepaired,andallprojectingnailswithdrawn.3.04 TOLERANCES
Table4.3.1ofACI301shallbefollowedforformingtolerancelimits.3.05 APPLICATIONOFRELEASEAGENT
Applyformreleaseagentonformworkinaccordancewithmanufacturer'sinstructions.Applypriortoplacingreinforcingsteel,anchoringdevices,andembeddeditems.3.06 INSERTS,EMBEDDEDPARTS,ANDOPENINGS
A. Provideformedopeningswhererequiredforworkembeddedinorpassingthroughconcrete.
B. Coordinatework of other sections in forming and settingopenings, slots, recesses, chases,sleeves,bolts,anchors,andotherinserts.
C. Installaccessoriesinaccordancewithmanufacturer'sinstructions,levelandplumb.Ensureitemsarenotdisturbedduringconcreteplacement.3.07 FORMREMOVAL
A. Donotremoveformsandbracinguntilconcretehassufficientstrengthtosupportitsownweight,andconstructionanddesignloadswhichmaybeimposeduponit.
B. Removeformworkprogressivelysothatnounbalancedloadsareimposedonstructure.
C. Donotdamageconcretesurfacesduringformremoval.3.08 CLEANING
A. Cleanformstoremoveforeignmatteraserectionproceeds.
B. Ensurethatwateranddebrisdraintoexteriorthroughcleanoutports.
C. Duringcoldweather,removeiceandsnowfromforms.Donotusedeicingsalts.Donotusewaterto clean out completed forms, unless formwork and construction proceed within heated enclosure. Usecompressedairtoremoveforeignmatter. ‐ENDOFSECTION‐
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SECTION03210 REINFORCINGPART1‐GENERAL1.01 WORKINCLUDED
A. Reinforcingsteel.
B. ShopDrawings.1.02 RELATEDWORK
A. Section03100‐ConcreteFormwork.
B. Section03310‐StructuralConcrete.1.03 REFERENCES
A. ASTMA‐615‐DeformedandPlainBillet‐SteelBarsforConcreteReinforcement.
B. ACI315‐80(86)‐DetailsandDetailingofConcreteReinforcement.
C. ACI315R‐80(88)‐ManualofEngineeringandPlacingDrawingsforReinforcedConcreteStructures.
D. ASTMA‐185‐WeldedSteelWireFabricForConcreteReinforcement.
E. ACI301‐89‐SpecificationsForStructuralConcreteForBuildings.1.04 SUBMITTALS
ShopDrawings:TheContractorshallsubmitacompletesetofshopdrawingsincludingschedulesandbendingdrawingsforallreinforcementusedintheworkinaccordancewithACI315,andACI315R.ReviewofdrawingsbytheContractorandtheEngineerisrequiredbeforeshipmentcanbemade.PART2‐PRODUCTS2.01 MATERIALS
A. Theminimumyieldstrengthofthereinforcementshallbe60,000poundspersquareinch.BarreinforcementshallconformtotherequirementsofASTMA‐615.Allbarreinforcementshallbedeformed.
B. Welded wire fabric shall conform to ASTM A‐185, welded steel wire fabric for concretereinforcement.
C. Reinforcementsupportsandotheraccessoriesincontactwiththeformsformemberswhichwillbeexposedtoviewinthefinishedworkshallhaveapprovedhighdensitypolyethylenetipssothatthemetalportionshallbeatleastonequarterofaninchfromtheformorsurface.Supportsforreinforcement,whenincontactwiththegroundorstonefill,shallbeprecaststoneconcreteblocks.
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2.02 FABRICATION
A. Reinforcementshallbebentcold.ItshallbebentaccuratelytothedimensionsandshapesshownontheplansandtowithintolerancesspecifiedintheCRSIManualofStandardPractice.
B. Reinforcementshallbeshippedwithbarsofthesamesizeandshape,fastenedsecurelywithwireandwithmetalidentificationtagsusingsizeandmark.PART3‐EXECUTION3.01 PLACINGANDFASTENING
A. Beforebeingplacedinposition,reinforcementshallbecleanedofloosemillandrustscale,dirtandothercoatingsthatwillinterferewithdevelopmentofproperbond.
B. Reinforcementshallbeaccuratelyplacedinpositionsshownonthedrawingsandfirmlyheldinplaceduringplacementandhardeningofconcretebyusingannealedwireties.Barsshallbetiedasrequiredtopreventdisplacementunderfoottrafficandduringcastingoperations,andshallbeplacedwithintolerancesallowedinSection5.6.2ofACI301.
C. Distancefromtheformsshallbemaintainedbymeansofstays,blocks,ties,hangersorotherapprovedsupports.(Seeparagraph2.01C)Iffabricreinforcementisshippedinrolls,itshallbestraightenedintoflatsheetsbeforebeingplaced.
D. Before any concrete is placed, the Engineer shall have inspected the placing of the steelreinforcementandgivenpermissiontodeposittheconcrete.Concreteplacedinviolationofthisprovisionwillberejectedandthereuponshallberemoved.
E. Unlessotherwisespecified,reinforcementshallbefurnishedinthefulllengthsindicatedontheplans.Splicingofbars,exceptwhereshownontheplans,willnotbepermittedwithouttheapprovalof theEngineer.Wheresplicesaremade,theyshallbestaggeredinsofaraspossible.
F. Wiremeshreinforcementshallbecontinuousbetweenjoints.Lapsshallbeatleastonefullmeshplus2",staggeredtoavoidcontinuouslapineitherdirectionandsecurelywiredorclippedwithstandardclips.
G. Dowelsshallbeinstalledatrightanglestoconstructionjointsandexpansionjoints.Dowelsshallbeaccuratelyalignedparalleltothefinishedsurface,andshallberigidlyheldinplaceandsupportedduringplacingoftheconcrete.Atexpansionjointsonlypolyethylenewithaminimumthicknessof14mils. ‐ENDOFSECTION‐
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SECTION03251 EXPANSIONANDCONTRACTIONJOINTSPART1‐GENERAL1.01 WORKINCLUDED A. Formingintegralcontractionandcontroljointsinconcrete. B. Visuallyconcealingexpansionjointsinconcrete.1.02 RELATEDWORK A. Section03100‐ConcreteFormwork. B. Section03310‐StructuralConcrete.PART2‐PRODUCTS2.01 INTEGRALJOINTMATERIAL A. WaterstopforConstructionandControlJoints:Unlessotherwiseshown,waterstopsshallbe6"wide,3/16"minimumthickness,flat‐ribbed,ordumbbellpolyvinylchloride(PVC),inaccordancewithCorpsofEngineers Specifications CRD‐C‐572, latest revision, asmanufacturedbyVinylexCorp,W.R.GraceCompany,Greenstreak,orequal.Split‐ribbedwaterstopsmaybeusedwhereappropriate. B. SelfExpandingWaterstops: 1. When approved by the Engineer, the Contractor may install self‐expanding
waterstop impregnated with sodium bentonite similar to Volclay Waterstop‐RX.Themanufacturer'srecommendedinstallationproceduresshallbefollowed.
2. SelfExpandingWaterstopsshallnotbeusedatexpansionjoints. C. Joint Filler:ANSI/ASTMD994, bituminous impregnated fiberboard; closed cellpolyethylene;self‐expanding cork; of the sizes detailed and in the locations indicated on the Drawings. Bituminousimpregnated fiberboard shall not be used to fill joints in liquid retaining structures. Where the applicationrequirescementingthejointfillerintoplace,apressuresensitiveadhesiverecommendedbythemanufacturershallbeused.2.02 SEALANTS SealantandCaulking:SpecifiedinSection07900.PART3‐EXECUTION3.01 INSTALLATION A. Locateandformexpansioncontrolandcontractionjoints.
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B. Waterstopsshallbeprovidedatall jointswhereindicatedonthedrawings.Waterstopsshallalsobeprovidedinalljoints,verticalandhorizontal,inwatercontainmentandsubterraneanstructures.Installwaterstops continuous without displacing reinforcement. All joints between adjacent continuing andintersectingsectionsofwaterstopincludingbuttjoints,teejoints,andotherangledjointsshallbeheatfusedtoformawatertightseal.Waterstopsshallnotbelapped.Waterstopsshallbesecurelywiredinplacetomaintainproperpositionduringplacementofconcrete. C. PlaceformedconstructionjointsinslabsorwallsasdetailedontheDrawingsorasdirectedbyEngineer.Settopscreedtorequiredelevations.Securetoresistmovementofwetconcrete. D. Installjointfillersandsealantsinaccordancewithmanufacturer'sinstructions.Useprimersoftyperecommendedbyjointfillerandsealantmanufacturer. E. ApplysealantsinaccordancewithSection07900. ‐‐ENDOFSECTION‐‐
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SECTION03310 STRUCTURALCONCRETEPART1‐GENERAL1.01 WORKINCLUDED
Theworkinthissectionshallincludeallformwork,shoring,bracing,anchorage,concretereinforcementandaccessoriesforcast‐in‐placeconcrete.1.02 GENERALREQUIREMENT
AllconcreteconstructionshallconformtoallapplicablerequirementsofACI301,Specificationsfor
StructuralConcreteforBuildings,exceptasmodifiedbythesupplementalrequirementsspecifiedherein.1.03 RELATEDWORK
A. Section02200‐Earthwork
B. Section03100‐ConcreteFormwork
C. Section03210‐ReinforcingSteel1.04 REFERENCES
A. TheContractor shall obtain andhave available in the field office at all times the followingreferences:
1. SpecificationsforStructuralConcreteforBuildingACI301(latestrevision).
2. ManualofStandardPractice‐CRSI(latestrevision).
4. PlacingReinforcingBars‐CRSI(latestrevisions).
5. Building CodeRequirements for Reinforced ConcreteACI 318 andACI 350 (latestrevision).
B. Thefollowingstandardshallalsoapplytothiswork:
1. ASTMC‐143‐TestMethodforSlumpofHydraulicCementConcrete
2. ASTMC‐150‐SpecificationforPortlandCement
3. ASTMC‐33‐SpecificationforConcreteAggregates
4. ASTMC‐260‐SpecificationforAirEntrainingAdmixturesforConcrete
5. ASTMC‐494‐SpecificationforChemicalAdmixturesforConcrete6. ASTM A‐615 ‐ Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement
7. ASTMC‐94‐SpecificationforReady‐MixedConcrete
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8. ASTMC‐31‐PracticeforMakingandCuringConcreteTestSpecimensintheField
9. ASTMC39‐TestMethodforCompressiveStrengthofCylindricalConcreteSpecimens
10. ASTMC42‐TestMethodforObtainingandTestingDrilledCoresandSawedBeamsof
Concrete1.05 SUBMITTALS
A. TheContractorshallsubmitthefollowingdataestablishedperSection3.9ofACI301.
1. Concretemixdesigns,testresultsandcurvesplottedtoestablishwatercementratioifparagraph3.9.3.3ofACI301isused.
2. Proposedmixdesignsandallnecessarysubstantiatingdatausedtoestablishproposed
mixdesignsifparagraph3.9.1.1or3.9.1.2ofACI301isused.
3. Mix designs for all mixes proposed or required to be used, including all mixescontainingadmixtures.
4. Acertifiedcopyofthecontrolrecordsoftheproposedproductionfacilityestablishing
thestandarddeviationasdefinedinparagraph3.9.1.1ofACI301.
B. CertificationattestingthatadmixturesequalorexceedsthephysicalrequirementsofASTMC‐494forTypeA(waterreducing)TypeD(waterreducingandretarding),andTypeE(waterreducingandaccelerating)admixtures.
C. Drawingsshowinglocationsofallproposedconstructionjoints.
D. CertificationthattheconcreteaggregatescomplywiththeprovisionsofASTMC33.
E. Certificationthattheair‐entrainingadmixturecomplieswithASTMC‐260.1.06 QUALITYASSURANCE(SpecialInspection)
A. Consistency:Concreteshallbeofsuchconsistencythatitcanbeworkedreadilyintoallpartsoftheformsandaroundembeddedwork,withoutpermittingthematerialstosegregate,orfreewatertocollectonthesurface.
B. CompressionTests:
1. Duringtheprogressofthework,atleastonesetoffourcompressiontestcylindersshallbemadeforeach50cubicyardsofstructuralconcreteormajorfractionthereof,andnotlessthanonesuchsetforeachtypeofconcreteforeachdayspouring.Cylindersmade in the field shall bemadeand cured in accordancewith theASTMStandardMethodofMakingandCuringConcreteTestSpecimensintheField,designationC31,except thatwhereverpossiblemoldsshallbe leftoncylindersuntil theyreach thelaboratory.
2. OnecylinderofeachsetshallbebrokeninaccordancewithASTMC‐39atsevendays
andtheotherthreeat twenty‐eightdays. TwocopiesofthesetestresultsshallbesubmittedtotheEngineeronthesamedayofthetests.
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3. Additional tests of the in‐place concrete shall bemadewhen test results indicatespecifiedconcretestrengthsandothercharacteristicshavenotbeenattainedinthestructure.CoredcylindersusedtotestconcreteadequacyshallcomplywithASTMC42.All test procedures and results shall be subject to the review and approval of theEngineer. The Contractor shall pay for such tests when unacceptable concrete isverified. On evidence of these tests, any concrete that fails tomeet the specifiedstrengthrequirementsshallbestrengthenedorreplacedasdirectedbytheEngineerattheContractor'sexpense.
C. InsertsinConcreteOtherTrades:
1. All trades shall be notified, at the proper time, to install items tobe embedded in
concrete.
2. Allcastings,inserts,conduits,andothermetalworkshallbeaccuratelybuiltintoorencasedintheconcretebytheContractorasdirectedandallnecessaryprecautionsshall be taken to prevent themetalwork from being displaced or deformed. Theinstallationshallbeinspectedbeforeconcreteisplaced.
3. Anchorboltsshallbesetbymeansofsubstantialtemplates.
D. Testing:
1. Thenecessarytesting(SpecialInspection)serviceofthissectionshallbeperformedby
anindependentInspectionagencyhiredbytheOwner.
2. Thetestingagencyshallperformthefollowingtestsonthesampledconcrete:
a. Slump
b. AirContent
c. ConcreteTemperature
d. CompressiontestofcylindersmadeunderparagraphB.
3. If,intheopinionoftheEngineer,thereisreasonabledoubtthattheconcreteaggregatescomplywithASTMC33.Thetestingagencyshall,testthefineaggregateandcourseaggregateforcompliancewiththesespecifications.
4. WrittenreportsshallbesubmittedtotheEngineer.
E. HotWeatherRequirements:Placingofconcreteunderconditionsofhightemperatures,low
humidityorwindshallbedoneinaccordancewiththeAmericanConcreteInstitute"HotWeatherConcreting"(ACI305R‐89).
F. ColdWeatherRequirements:Coldweatherconcretingproceduresandprecautionsshallconform
withAmericanConcreteInstitute"ColdWeatherConcreting"(ACI306R‐88).PART2‐PRODUCTS2.01 CONCRETEMIX
A. StructuralconcreteshallbeproportionedbySection3.9ofACI301.
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B. SelectionofProportionsforStructuralConcrete:
1. 4,000psicompressiveforstrengthat28days.
2. TypeIcementpluswaterreducingdispersingagentandair.
3. Maximum(water)/(cementandwaterreducingdispersingagent)ratio=0.45.
4. Minimumcementcontent=564lbs.(6.0bags)/cu.yd.concrete.
5. Nominalmaximum size coarse aggregate =No. 67 (3/4"maximum)orNo. 57 (1"
maximum).
6. Aircontent=6%plusorminus1%byvolume.
7. Slump=4”(+/‐1”)inaccordancewithASTMC‐143.2.02 OPTIONALCONCRETEMIXUSINGFLYASH
SelectionofProportionsforStructuralConcrete:
A. 4,000psicompressiveforstrengthat28days.
B. TypeIcementpluswaterreducingdispersingagentandair.
C. Maximum(water)/(cementpluswaterreducingdispersingagent)ratio‐0.45.
D. Minimumcementcontent‐517lbs.(5.5bags)/cu.yd.concrete.
E. MaximumFlyAshContent‐71lbs./cu.yd.
F. Nominalmaximumsizecoarseaggregate‐No.67(3/4"maximum)orNo.57(1"maximum).
G. Aircontent‐6%plusorminus2%byvolume.H. Slump=4”(+/‐1”)inaccordancewithASTMC‐143.
2.03 FLYASHCONCRETE
A. In theabsenceofaverifiedandacceptablehistoryof flyashconcretemixes, the followingprocedureisrequiredtoestablishthequalityoftheconcretemix.
B. Trialbatchesmustbemadestarting30daysaheadofinitialconcretepour.Three(3)mixesshallbedesignedandproducedatnocosttotheOwnerortheEngineerasfollows:
1. MixusingTypeIcementwithwaterreducingadmixturefornormaltemperatures(ClassA).
2. MixusingTypeIcementwithwaterreducingadmixtureforcoldweathertemperatures
(ClassA).
3. MixusingTypeIcementwithwaterreducingadmixtureforhottemperatures(ClassA).
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C. Four(4)testcylindersshallbecastforeachofthe(3)mixes.Two(2)cylindersshallbebrokenat7days,andtwo(2)cylindersshallbebrokenat28days,foreachofthe(3)mixes.Thetrialbatchdesignreportshallincludestrengthbreaksat7‐daysand28‐days,aircontent,etc.
D. Thewater‐reducing,cementdispersingadmixtureusedinflyashconcrete,shallbeanormal,accelerated,orretardedhardeningadmixture.Theadmixtureshallbeusedatoptimumdosagetooffsettheslowstrengthdevelopmentandsettingcharacteristicsoftheflyash.Onlythosebrandsofadmixturethatcanprovidereadily available field service on short notice to provide field services, inspection, and assistance, will beacceptable.
E. Priortotheuseofflyashconcrete,recentmillreportsshallbesubmittedonaregularbasisduringtheproject.Maximumlossofignition(LOI)shallbe6%.
F. Testsforaircontentshallbemadetwiceadayatthejobsitepriortopouring,forallmixescontainingflyash.2.04 ADMIXTURES
A. AnairentrainingadmixtureshallbeusedonallconcreteandshallbetheMasterBuildersMB‐VR,orMicroAir,EuclidChemicalCompanyAIR‐MIX,W.R.GracesDarex,orequal.TheadmixtureshallmeettherequirementsofASTMC‐260.Certificationattesting to thepercentofeffectivesolidsandcomplianceof thematerialwithASTMC‐260shallbefurnished.
B. Awater‐reducing, admixture for concrete shall conform toASTMC‐494 for typeA (water‐reducingandnormalsettingadmixtures)andshallbeMasterBuildersPozzolith344N,Nox‐CretePlastiflow,orPlastocrete161bySika,oranapprovedequal.
C. Thewater‐reducing,setretardingadmixtureforconcreteshallconformtoASTMC494forTypeD(waterreducingandretardingadmixtures)andshallbeMasterBuilders,Pozzolith100‐XR,Daratard‐17byW.R.Grace,oranapprovedequal.
D. CertificationshallbefurnishedattestingthattheadmixtureexceedsthephysicalrequirementsofASTMC‐494,TypeA,waterreducingandnormalsettingadmixture,andwhenrequired,forASTMC‐494,TypeD,waterreducingandretardingadmixturewhenusedwith localmaterialswithwhich thesubjectconcrete iscomposed.
E. Theadmixturemanufacturershallprovideaqualifiedconcretetechnicianemployedbythemanufacturertoassistinproportioningconcreteforoptimumuse.Healsowillbeavailabletoadviseonproperadditionoftheadmixturetotheconcreteandonadjustmentoftheconcretemixproportionstomeetchangingjobconditions.
F. Whenmorethanoneadmixtureisused,alladmixturesshallbebythesamemanufacturer.
G. Calciumchloridewillnotbepermittedasanadmixtureinanyconcrete.
H. Water‐reducing,nonchloride,acceleratorsshallconformtoASTMC494TypeEandshallbeAccelguard80bytheEuclidChemicalCompanyorPozzolithHighEarlybyMasterBuildersoranapprovedequal.
I. High‐RangeWater‐ReducingAdmixture:
1. High‐RangeWater‐ReducingAdmixture(SuperPlasticizer)shallconformtoASTMC494,TypeForTypeGandcontainingnotmorethan0.1percentchlorideions.
2. AvailableProducts:Subjecttocompliancewithrequirements,productswhichmaybe
incorporatedintheworkinclude,butarenotlimitedto,thefollowing:
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a. "WRDA19"or"Daracem";W.R.Grace.
b. "Sikament";SikaChemicalCorp.
c. "Rheobuild";MasterBuilders.
2.05 WATER
Thewaterforconcreteshallbeclean,fresh,andfreefrominjuriousamountsofoil,acid,alkali,organicmatter,orotherdeleterioussubstances.Nowatershallbeaddedtotheconcreteatthesiteunlessapprovedinwritingbytheconcreteprovider.2.06 AGGREGATES
A. Fineaggregatesshallbenaturalandhavingclean,hard,uncoatedgrains,andshallbefreefrominjuriousamountsofclay,dust,organicmatterorotherdeleterioussubstances,andshallconformtoASTMC‐33.Sandshallbegradedasfollows:
Percent
Passing3/8InchSieve 100PassingNo.4Sieve 45‐80PassingNo.50Sieve 5‐25PassingNo.100Sieve 0‐8
B. Coarseaggregateshallbecrushedstonehavingclean,hard,uncoatedparticles,andshallbefree
frominjuriousamountsofsoft,friable,thin,elongatedorlaminatedpieces.CoarseaggregatesshallconformtoASTMC‐33andshallbegradedinaccordancewiththefollowing:
PercentbyWeightNo.57 No.67
Passing1‐1/2‐InchSquareSieve 100 ‐‐‐Passing1‐InchSquareSieve 5‐100Passing3/4‐InchSquareSieve — 90‐100Passing1/2‐InchSquareSieve 25‐60 ‐‐‐Passing3/8‐InchSquareSieve — 20‐55PassingNo.4SquareSieve 0‐10 0‐10PassingNo.8SquareSieve 0‐5 0‐5
RefertoSection3.6ofACI301‐84formaximumsizeofcoarseaggregate.2.07 AGGREGATESANDDETERMININGPROPORTIONS
A. NoconcreteshallbeusedintheworkuntilthematerialsandmixdesignshavebeentestedbythetestinglaboratoryandacceptedbytheEngineer.
B. TheEngineershallhavetherighttoorderchangesasmaybenecessarytomeetthespecifiedrequirements.
C. Ifconcreteoftherequiredcharacteristicsisnotbeingproducedastheworkprogresses,theEngineermayordersuchchangesinproportionsormaterials,orboth,asmaybenecessarytosecureconcreteofthespecifiedquality.TheContractorshallmakesuchchangesathisownexpenseandnoextracompensationwillbeallowedbecauseofsuchchanges.
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2.08 MIXING
AllcentralplantandrollingstockequipmentandmethodsshallconformtotheTruckMixerandAgitatorStandardsoftheTruckMixerManufacturers'BureauoftheNationalReadyMixedConcreteAssn.,aswellastheACI Standards forMeasuring,Mixing,Transporting, andPlacingConcreteACI304R‐89, andwith theASTMspecificationforReadyMixedConcrete,DesignationC94‐89b.PART3‐EXECUTION3.01 PLACINGANDCOMPACTINGCONCRETE
A. Atleast20hoursbeforetheContractorproposedtomakeanyplacementofconcrete,heshallnotify theEngineerofhis intentionandplannedprocedure.Unlessotherwiseplanned,theworkshallbesoexecutedthatasectionbegunonanydayshallbecompletedduringdaylightofthesameday.
B. Readymixedconcreteshallbetransportedtothesiteinwatertightagitatorormixertrucks.Thequantityofconcretetobemixedordeliveredinanyonebatchshallnotexceedtheratedcapacityofthemixeroragitatorfortherespectiveconditionsasstatedonthenameplates.
C. InformationnecessarytocalculatethetotalmixingwatershallberecordedonthedeliveryslipfortheEngineer'sinformation.Totalmixingwaterincludesfreewaterontheaggregates,waterandicebatchedattheplant,andwateraddedbythetruckoperator.TheContractormayrequestpermissiontoaddwateratthejobsite,andwhentheadditionofwaterispermittedbytheEngineer,thequantityaddedshallbetheresponsibilityoftheContractorandinnocaseshallthetotalwaterperbagofcementexceedthatdeterminedbythedesignedmix.MixinganddischargetimeshallbeasrecommendedinACI‐304.
D. Concretewhichhasbecomecompactedorsegregatedduringtransportationtooronthesiteof
theworkshallbesatisfactorilyremixedjustpriortobeingplacedintheforms.
E. Partiallyhardenedconcreteshallnotbedepositedintheforms.Theretemperingofconcretewhichhaspartiallyhardened(thatis,theremixingofconcretewithorwithoutadditionalcement,aggregate,orwater)willnotbepermitted.
F. Theconcreteshallbemixedonlyinthequantityrequiredforimmediateuse.Concretethathasdevelopedaninitialsetshallnotbeused.TheContractorshallhavesufficientplantcapacityandtransportingapparatustoinsurecontinuousdeliveryattheraterequired.
G. Thetemperatureoftheconcretemixtureimmediatelybeforeplacementshallbebetween50degreesFand90degreesF.
H. Concretethatistruckmixedortransportedintruckmixersortruckagitatorsshallbedeliveredtothesiteoftheworkanddischargecompletedintheformswithin1‐1/2hoursorbeforethedrumhasrevolved300revolutionswhichevercomesfirstaftertheintroductionofthemixingwatertothecementandaggregates,ortheintroductionofthecementtotheaggregates.Whentheconcretetemperatureexceeds85degreesF,thetimeshallbereducedto45minutes.Concreteshallbeplacedintheformswithin15minutesafterdischargefromthemixeratthejobsite.
I. Ifconcreteisplacedbypumping,noaluminumshallbeusedinanypartsofthepumpingsystemwhichcontactormightcontaminatetheconcrete.Aluminumchutesandconveyorsshallnotbeused.
J. Noconcreteshallbeplacedonfrozensubgradeorinwater,oruntilthesubgrade,forms,andpreliminaryworkhavebeenaccepted.NoconcreteshallbeplaceduntilallmaterialstobebuiltintotheconcretehavebeensetandhavebeenacceptedbythevarioustradesandbytheEngineer.Allsuchmaterialsshallbethoroughlycleanandfreefromrust,scale,oil,oranyotherforeignmatter.
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K. Formsandexcavationsshallbefreefromwaterandalldirt,debris,andforeignmatterwhen
concreteisplaced.Exceptasotherwisedirected,woodformsandembeddedwoodcalledfororallowedshallbethoroughlywettedjustpriortoplacementofconcrete.
L. Chutesforconveyingconcreteshallbemetalormetallinedandofsuchsize,designandslopeastoensureacontinuousflowofconcretewithoutsegregation.Theslopeofchutesshallhaveapproximatelythesameslope.Thedischargeendofthechuteshallbeprovidedwithabaffle,orifrequired,aspoutandtheendofthechuteorspoutshallbekeptascloseaspracticableto,butinnoeventmorethan5ft.abovethesurfaceofthefreshconcrete.Whentheoperationisintermittent,thechuteshalldischargeintoahopper.
M. Inthinsectionsofconsiderableheight(suchaswallsandcolumns),concreteshallbeplacedinsuchmanneraswillpreventsegregationandaccumulationsofhardenedconcreteontheformsorreinforcementabovethemassofconcretebeingplaced.Toachievethisend,suitablehoppersspoutswithrestrictedoutlets,etc.shallbeusedasrequiredorpermittedunlesstheformsareprovidedwithsuitableopenings.
N. Chutes,hoppers,spouts,etc.shallbethoroughlycleanedbeforeandaftereachrunandthewateranddebrisshallnotbedischargedinsidetheform.
O. Foranyoneplacement,concreteshallbedepositedcontinuouslyinlayersofsuchthicknessthatnoconcretewillbedepositedonconcretewhichhashardenedsufficientlytocausetheformationofseamsandplanesofweaknesswithinthesection,andsoastomaintainuntilthecompletionoftheunit,anapproximatelyhorizontalplasticsurface.
P. Nowoodenspreadersshallbeleftintheconcrete.
Q. Duringandimmediatelyafterbeingdeposited,concreteshallbethoroughlycompactedbymeansofsuitabletoolsandmethods,suchasinternaltypemechanicalvibratorsoperatingatnotlessthan5,000rpm.orother tool spading to produce the required density and quality of finish. Vibration shall be done only byexperiencedoperatorsunderclosesupervisionandshallbecarriedinsuchmannerandonlylongtoproducehomogeneityandoptimumconsolidationwithoutpermittingsegregationofthesolidconstituents,"pumping"ofair,orotherobjectionableresults.Allvibratorsshallbesupplementedbyproperspadepuddlingapproximately2to3 in.awayfromformstoremoveincludedbubblesandhoneycomb.Excessivespadingagainsttheforms,causingthedepositionofweakmortaratthesurfaceshallbeavoided.
R. Theconcreteshallbethoroughlyroddedandtampedaboutembeddedmaterialssoastosecureperfectadhesionandpreventleakage.Careshallbetakentopreventthedisplacementofsuchmaterialsduringconcreting.
S. Allsubgradesshallbecoveredwitha6milminimumthicknesspolyethylenesheetwithjointslappedaminimumof12inchesunlessotherwiserequiredorpermitted.3.02 BONDINGCONCRETEATCONSTRUCTIONJOINTS
A. Inordertosecurefullbondatconstructionjoints,thesurfaceoftheconcretepreviouslyplaced(includingvertical,inclined,andsubstantiallyhorizontalareas)shallbethoroughlycleanedatforeignmaterialsandlaitance,ifany.
B. Thepreviouslyplacedconcreteatthejointshallbedampbutfreeofstandingwater.ThesurfaceshallbepreparedasperACI301.Thereferencedcementgroutshallbebetween1to2inchesthickonallwallpours.3.03 CURINGANDPROTECTION
A. Allconcrete,particularlyslabsandincludingfinishedsurfaces,shallbetreatedimmediatelyafterconcretingorcementfinishingiscompleted,toprovidecontinuousmoistcuringforatleastsevendays,regardless
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oftheadjacentairtemperature.Wallsandverticalsurfacesmaybecoveredwithcontinuouslysaturatedburlap,orkeptmoistbyotheracceptablemeans.Horizontalsurfaces,slabs,etc.,shallbepondedtoadepthof1/2"whereverpracticable,orkeptcontinuouslywetbytheuseoflawnsprinklers,acompletecoveringofcontinuouslysaturatedburlap,orbyotheracceptablemeans.
B. Forat leastsevendaysafterhavingbeenplaced,allconcreteshallbesoprotectedthatthetemperatureatthesurfacewillnotfallbelow45degreesF.
C. Nomanure,salt,orotherchemicalsshallbeusedforprotection.
D. Theabovementioned7dayperiodsmaybereducedifcompressiontests,inaccordancewithASTMC‐39,onfieldcuredcylindersindicatethatexpected7daystrengthgainhasbeenachieved,andapprovalisgrantedbytheEngineer.
E. Whereverpracticable,finishedslabsshallbeprotectedfromthedirectraysofthesuntopreventcheckingandcrazing.
F. Curingcompoundsmaybeused.3.04 TRIMMINGANDREPAIROFSURFACEDEFECTS
A. TheContractorshallusesuitableforms,mixtureofconcrete,andworkmanshipsothatconcretesurfaces,whenexposed,willrequirenopatching.Concretewhich,intheopinionoftheEngineerhasexcessivehoneycomb,aggregatepockets,ordepressionswillberejectedandtheContractorshall,athisownexpenseremovetheentiresectioncontainingsuchdefectsandreplaceitwithacceptableconcrete.
B. Assoonastheformshavebeenstrippedandtheconcretesurfacesexposed, finsandotherprojectionsshallberemoved,recessesleftbytheremovalofformtiesshallbefilledandsurfacedefectswhichdonotimpairstructuralstrengthshallberepaired.
C. Defectiveconcreteshallbecutperpendiculartothesurfaceuntilsoundconcreteisreached,butnotlessthan1"deep.Theremainingconcreteshallbethoroughlyroughedandcleaned.Concreteinanareaatleast6"widesurroundingtheareatobepatchedshallbedampened.Abondinggroutshallbepreparedusingamixofapproximately1partcementto1partfinepassingaNo.30meshsieve,mixedtotheconsistencyofthickcream,andthenwellbrushedintothesurface.
D. The patching mixture shall be made of the same materials and approximately the sameproportionsasusedfortheconcreteexceptthatthecourseaggregateshallbeomittedandthemortarshallconsistofnotmorethan1partcementto2‐1/2partssandbydamploosevolume.Whiteportlandcementshallbesubstitutedforaportionofthegrayportlandcementonexposedconcreteinordertoproduceacolormatchingthecolorofthesurroundingconcrete.Thequantityofmixingwatershallbenomorethannecessaryforhandlingandplacing.Thepatchingmortarshallbemixedinadvanceandallowedtostandwithfrequentmanipulationwithatrowel,withoutadditionofwater,untilithasreachedthestiffestconsistencythatwillpermitplacing.
E. Aftersurfacewaterhasevaporatedfromtheareatobepatched,thebondcoatshallbewellbrushedintothesurface.Whenthebondcoatbeginstolosethewatersheen,thepremixedpatchingmortarshallbeapplied.Themortarshallbethoroughlyconsolidatedintoplaceandstruckoffsoastoleavethepatchslightlyhigherthanthesurroundingsurface.Topermitinitialshrinkage,itshallbeleftundisturbedforatleast1hourbeforebeingfinallyfinished.Thepatchedareashallbekeptdampfor7days.Metaltoolsshallnotbeusedinfinishingapatchinaformedwallwhichwillbeexposed.
F. Afterbeingcleanedandthoroughlydampened,thetieholesshallbefilledsolidwithpatchingmortar.
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G. Theuseofmortarpatchingasabovespecifiedshallbeconfinedtotherepairofsmalldefectsinrelativelygreenconcrete.Ifsubstantialrepairsarerequired,thedefectiveportionsshallbecutouttosoundconcreteandthedefectiveconcretereplacedbymeansofgunite,orthestructureshallbetakendownandrebuilt,allastheEngineermaydecideordirect.3.05 FINISHES
A. ExposedtoViewConcreteSurfaces:
1. All concrete exposed to view in the completed structures shall be producedusingmaterialsandworkmanshiptosuchqualitythatonlynominalfinishingwillberequired.Theprovisionsofparagraphs13.3,13.4,and13.6ofACI301shallapplytoallexteriorexposedtoviewconcretesurfaces.
2. Allformed,exterior,exposedtoview,concreteshallbepreparedasparagraph3.04B,
thenrubbed.Exteriorverticalsurfacesshallberubbedtoonefootbelowgrade.
B. All smooth form concrete vertical surfaces shall be true plane within 1/4" in 10 feet asdeterminedbya10footstraightedgeplaceanywhereonthesurfaceinanydirection.Abruptirregularitiesshallnotexceed1/8".
C. Exteriorplatforms,stepsandlandingsshallbegivenabroomfinish.Broomfinishshallbeappliedtosurfaceswhichhavebeensteeltroweledtoanevensmoothfinish.Thetroweledsurfaceshallthenbebroomedwithafiberbristlebrushinthedirectiontransversesothatofthemaintraffic.
D. WalkingsurfacesofslabsshallhaveasteeltroweledfinishunlessshownotherwiseonDrawings. ‐ENDOFSECTION‐
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SECTION03600 PRECISIONGROUTINGPART1‐GENERAL1.01 WORKINCLUDED
A. Provide all labor, material, equipment and services required for grouting of equipment,machinery,structuralsteel,handrails,anchorboltsandotheritemsofworkforwhichgroutingisspecifiedorrequired.Allunnecessaryholes,openingsandcracksinexistingconcreteshallbefilledandpatched.
B. TheobjectoftheseSpecificationsistoobtaingroutwhichcanbemixedtoaflowableconsistency(i.e.,thinnerthanplasticconsistency),placedinleakproofforms,withaminimumofstrapping,withoutbleedwaterexceedingspecificationrequirements.Therequirementof24hourpresoakofexistingconcreteisofprimeimportanceandmustbeadheredto.1.02 DESCRIPTIONOFWORK
A. Highstrength,precisionsupportofmachinebasesandsoleplates,settinganchorbolts,andbearingplates.
B. Workincludesprovidinganon‐shrink,ready‐to‐use,fluidprecisiongroutmaterial;proportioned,pre‐mixedandpackagedatthefactory;deliveredtothejobsitetoplacewithonlytheadditionofwater;forming,placingandcuringasspecifiedinthissection.1.03 RELATEDWORK
A. Section03310‐StructuralConcrete.
B. Reviewalldivisionsandsectionsforequipment,machineryandotheritemstobegrouted.1.04 QUALITYASSURANCE
Complywiththefollowingcodes,standard,testandrecommendedpracticesforfoundationconcreteasapplytoprecisiongrouting.
A. ACI304‐GuideforMeasuring,Mixing,TransportingandPlacingConcrete.
B. ACI305‐HotWeatherConcreting.
C. ACI306‐ColdWeatherConcreting.
D. ACI347‐GuidetoFormworkforConcrete.
E. ASTMC191‐StandardTestMethodforTimeofSetofHydraulicCementbyVicatNeedle.
F. ASTMC827‐TestMethodforChangeinHeightatEarlyAgesofCylindricalSpecimensfromCementitiousMixtures.
G. Manufacturer'sInformationonUseofGrout.H. CorpsofEngineers‐CRDC‐621CorpsofEngineersSpecificationforNonshrinkGrout.
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I. ASTMC109‐StandardTestMethodforCompressiveStrengthofHydraulicCementMortars.1.05 SUBMITTALS
A. TheContractorshallsubmittotheEngineerpriortoinstallation,manufacturer'sliteratureandcertifiedtestdatathatmaterialcomplieswiththerequirementsofthesespecifications.PART2‐PRODUCTS2.01 GROUT
Cement‐basedgroutsmusthaveaminimum15yearhistoryofuseandmeetthefollowingperformancerequirementsatmaximumwater.Theymustnotcontainexpansivecementormetallicparticlessuchasaluminumpowderorironfillings.
A. Plastic Volume Change: The grout shall showno shrinkage (0.0%) and amaximum4.0%expansionfromtimeofplacementuntilfinalsetwhentestedaccordingtoASTMC827.
B. HardenedVolumeChange:Thegroutshallshownoshrinkage(0.0%)andamaximum0.2%expansioninthehardenedstatewhentestedaccordingtoCRDC‐621.
C. CompressiveStrength:Thegroutshallshowaminimumof28‐daycompressivestrengthof5,000
psiwhentestedaccordingtoASTMC109,restrained.
D. Creep:Thegroutshallshowcreepequaltoorlessthan.6in./in.x10‐3at70FforaminimumofoneyearwhentestedaccordingtoCPRCreepTest(extrapolateddataisnotacceptable).
E. WorkingTime:Thegroutshallshowaconsistencygreaterthan125%foraminimum45minuteswhentestedaccordingtoapplicableconsistencysectionsofASTMC827at15minutesintervals.
F. Tests:UponRequestoftheEngineer,theCylinderPlateTestshallberunonanyfieldshipments.2.02 WATER
Watershallbesuitablefordrinking.PART3‐EXECUTION3.01 INSPECTION
A. Inspectconcretesurfacestoreceivegroutandverifythattheyarefreeofice,frost,dirt,grease,oil,curingcompounds,paintsimpregnationsandallloosematerialorforeignmatterlikelytoaffectthebondorperformanceofthegrout.
B. Newlyplacedconcreteshallhavebeenplacedandcuredsufficientlytoattainitsdesignstrength.C. Inspectbaseplatesforrust,oil,andotherdeleterioussubstances.
3.02 PREPARATION
A. Inordertoensureproperbondtothebaseplateandtheconcrete,allgrease,oil,dirt,curingcompounds,laitanceandotherdeleteriousmaterialsmustbecompletelyremovedfromtheconcreteandbottomofbaseplate.
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B. Roughenthesurfacesbychipping,sandblastingorothermechanicalmeanstoassurebondofthegrouttotheexistingconcrete.Looseorbrokenconcreteshallberemoved.
C. Afterconcretesurfaceshavebeenwashedclean,theyshallthenbesaturatedwithwaterfor24hourspriortoplacementofcement‐basedgrout.
D. Uponcompletionofsaturationperiodexcesswatershallberemovedwithcleancompressedairpriortogrouting.
E. Formwork shall be compatible with proposed method of placing grout. Design for rapid,continuousandcompletefillingofspacetobegrouted.
1. Buildstrong,tightformsbracedsotheywillnotleakorbuckleunderweightoffluidgrout.Onplacingside,slantformat45degreesangleandpourgroutdirectlyonslantedface.Onothersides,placeformandpourgroutdirectlyonslantedface.Onothersides,placeform1/2"ormorefrombaseofbedplateand1"ormorehigherthanundersideoftheplate.
2. Caulk formswithgroutingmaterialbeingusedon insideorasand‐cementmortar
outside to prevent leakage and loss of "head".Use expandedpolystyrene or othermeanstocaulkbetweenfoundationandportionsofthebedplateandequipmenttosealoffareaswheregroutisnotdesired.
3.03 INSTALLATION
A. Preparationofgroutshallbeinpaddle‐typemortarmixersuitablemechanicalmixer.DONOTMIXBYHAND.Mixaccordingtothemanufacturer'srecommendations.
B. Mixgroutadjacenttoareabeinggrouted,havesufficientmanpowerandequipmentavailableforrapidandcontinuousmixingandplacing.Donotaddcement,sandorpeagravel,additives.
C. Avoidaconsistencythatproducesbleeding.Mixmaterialsforaminimumof3minutesandnotmorethan5minutesandplaceimmediately.Donotretemper.Donotusemixingwaterabove80degreesF(27degreesC).
D. Groutshallbeplacedunderenvironmentalconditionsacceptabletomanufacturer'sstandardsfortheproduct.
E. Placing:Groutmaybedrypacked,flowed,vibratedorpumpedintoplace.Allgroutingshalltakeplacefromonesideoftheplatetotheothertoavoidtrappingair.
F. Cutback:Justbeforethegrouthasreacheditsfinalset,thegroutshallbecutbacktotheloweredgeoftheplate.A45degreeangleorverticalcutbackshallbeused.
G. Curing: Thegroutshallbekeptmoistforaminimumofthreedays.Themethodneededtoprotect thegroutwilldependon temperature,humidityandwind.Wetburlap,a soakerhose, sunshading,pondingandinextremeconditionsacombinationofmethodsshallbeemployed.
H. Fieldservicerepresentativeofthemanufacturershallbeavailableduringinitialplanningforinstallationtosuggestrecommendedproceduresandatstartofplacementforfurthersuggestions.
I. Aminimumofthree(3)daysnoticeshallbegivenbytheContractortothemanufacturerpriortouseoftheproduct. ‐ENDOFSECTION‐