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EUROPE
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THE RISE OF EUROPE…
• distinct geography
• strong EUROPEAN culture
• common history, economics, & politics
• mostly Caucasians who speak Indo-European languages • ex. French, Italian, Portuguese,
Spanish…
CONTINENT
REGION
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Members of the Indo-European Language FamilyMembers of the Indo-European Language Family
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Europe
• High living standards
• literacy• health care• income levels
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Europe
• Industrial Strength
• energy• resources• technological development
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Europe
• Cultural Accomplishments
• architecture• fine art• music• cuisine• theatre
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REGIONS
REGIONS
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North European Plain
• stretches across northern Europe
• fertile land = farming communities
• frequent storms roll out from Atlantic • encouraged people to be adaptable
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Peninsula:a point of land nearly surrounded by
water
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Northern PeninsulasNorthern Peninsulas
Jutland Peninsula
Scandinavian Peninsula
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Southern PeninsulasSouthern Peninsulas
Iberian Peninsula
Italian Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula
AnatoleanPeninsula
CrimeanPeninsula
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• many communities developed along rivers, on the coast, and on the peninsulas
• these settlements had easy access to water, power, and transportation
• people soon developed ability to travel over water and fish for food• trade began with these abilities
European Settling
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European Settling
• trade within Europe, then with other world regions
• Greeks, Romans, Vikings, British, Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch sent explorers to find new lands to conquer, to settle, and collect or trade for the natural resources Europe desired
• the new colonies ruled by governments in Europe
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• Colour and label the map of Europe…– Use the following map or use the map in your
textbook on page 209– Be sure to include country names and bodies
of water
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Bodies
of
Water
Bodies
of
Water
Mediterranean Sea
North Sea
AtlanticOcean Baltic
Sea
BlackSea
AegeanSea
Adriatic Sea
TyrrhenianSea
Bay ofBiscay
Strait ofGibraltar
DardanellesStrait
ArcticOcean
English Channel
CaspianSea
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The Mediterranean Sea: Mare NostrumThe Mediterranean Sea: Mare Nostrum
e 2,400 miles long & 1,000 miles widee “Crossroads of 3 Continents”
Caesarea on the Israeli coast
Strait of Gibraltar & the “Pillars of Hercules”
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Rivers
Rivers Danube R.
Seine R.Rhine R.
Loire R.
Po R.
Tiber R.
Tagus R.
Thames R.
Elbe R.
Oder R.
Vistula R.
Dnieper R
.
Vo
lga R
.Don R.
Ebro R.
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The Danube RiverThe Danube River
1770 miles
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The Danube RiverThe Danube River
e Flows through the 12 countries of Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the Ukraine.
Where Buda & Pest MeetWhere Buda & Pest MeetBiking
Along the Danube
Biking Along the Danube
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The Volga RiverThe Volga River
e The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles.
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The Volga RiverThe Volga River
e The river is so polluted that the sturgeon catch has been decreased by 60%.
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Capitals on the Rivers (1)Capitals on the Rivers (1)
Paris, right bank of the SeineParis, right bank of the SeineLondon on the ThamesLondon on the Thames
Prague on the VltavaPrague on the Vltava Budapest on the DanubeBudapest on the Danube
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Capitals on the Rivers (2)Capitals on the Rivers (2)
Berlin on the SpreeBerlin on the SpreeMoscow on the Moscow RiverMoscow on the Moscow River
Rome on the TiberRome on the Tiber Vienna on the DanubeVienna on the Danube
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Why are most of the capitals of European countries on rivers?
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Settling on the Water• people needed safe food supply
• meat too scarce, too expensive, too hard to preserve
• fish abundant, easily caught, could be salted, smoked, dried, or marinated easily
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Settling on the Water
• at first, limited to inshore fishing
• fishing fleets developed for ocean fishing
• governments created navies to protect fishing fleets and control fishing grounds
• fishing industry, military strength, and trade grew together in Europe’s coastal cities
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Industrial Development• Europe’s craving for resources and wealth were
satisfied through the ships that sailed the oceans bringing spices, beaver pelts, and gold from faraway lands
• developed military technology, map making, and weapons systems to control their faraway colonies
• this technological know-how helped Europeans start up industrial development
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• Read “Internal Tensions” on pages 211 & 212 of your textbook
• Complete questions 7, 8, 9a, c, d
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Moutains
&
Peaks
Moutains
&
Peaks
Alps Mts.Pyrennes Mts.Apennines Mts.
Dinaric Alps
Carpathian Mts. Caucasus Mts.
Ural M
ts.
Mt. Etna ^
Mt. Vesuvius ^Mt. Olympus ^
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ElevationElevation
AlpsCarpathians
Caucasus
Urals
Pyrennes
Apennines
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The AlpsThe Alps
e Cover most of Switzerland, Austria, and parts of Italy and France.
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Mt. Blanc in the AlpsMt. Blanc in the Alps
e Highest mountain in the Alps: 15,771 feet
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The Caucasus MountainsThe Caucasus Mountains
e The origin of the word Caucasian.
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Transylvania in the Carpathian MountainsTransylvania in the Carpathian Mountains
e Home of Vlad Tepeš, the Drakul (“Count Dracula”)
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Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”
e Divides the European and Asian sections of Russia.
1500
mile
s
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The Ural MountainsThe Ural Mountains
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What effect do you think the mountains had on the settling of Europe? How do
they affect tourism in Europe?
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World Population by ContinentsWorld Population by Continents
Asia 3,737,000,000
Africa 823,000,000
Europe 729,000,000
North America 486,000,000
South America 351,000,000
Oceania (incl. Australia) 31,000,000
Antarctica no permanent population
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Population Density[People Per Square Mile]Population Density[People Per Square Mile]
Belgium 336.82 Mexico 52.15
Japan 336.72United States 29.77
India 336.62 World 14.42
United Kingdom 244.69 Norway 14.42
Italy 192.96 Canada 3.36
France 108.09 Russia 8.61
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PopulationDistribution
PopulationDistribution
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PopulationGrowth
PopulationGrowth
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MajorReligiousGroupsinEurope
MajorReligiousGroupsinEurope