Distance Sensors
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Transcript of Distance Sensors
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Distance SensorsDistance Sensors
Team: The Technicians
Applied Robotic
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SensorSensor A sensor is a device capable of transforming
physical and chemical magnitudes in electrical magnitudes.
The physical and chemical magnitudes to transform depend on the type of sensor.
Examples of magnitudes: tempeture, light intensity, distance, aceleration, inclination, displacement, force, twist, preassure, dampness, pH, etc.
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Sensores de distanciaSensores de distancia
Distance sensors
Short distancesLong distances
Radar
Ultrasonic
Long distance laser
By cable
Magnetoresistive
LVDT
Triangulation Laser
Profile scanner laser
Potentiometer
Magnetoestrictive
Digital
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RadarRadar It Creates an electromagnetic field. It detects the echo of its transmision. It makes use of the doppler efect. The new technologies use light . Distance of more than 100 m, even more
than 10 Km.
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RadarRadar They work using two technics◦ Echo◦ Doppler Efect
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RadarRadar The first experiments used sound
(ultrasound). Nowadays electromagnetic waves and
light or laser are used. The wave frecuency takes an important
roll in the radar applications.
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ApplicationsApplications Air traffic control. Car detection. Medicine field.
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ApplicationsApplications
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UltrasonicUltrasonic Maximum 100m distance.
It emmits an ultrasonic signal which is reflected on the surface and is reflected again on the telemeter. The telemeter receives the echo.
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Triangulation LaserTriangulation Laser Triangulation laser projects a light beam over
the surface that we want to measure, this light beam is reflected on the device photodetector with a certain inclination angle, which will change in function of the measured distance.
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Triangulation LaserTriangulation Laser Used to measure short distances.
Range: 2mm to 500mm.
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Long Distance LaserLong Distance Laser The laser sends a light beam with
different frequencies and it compares the reflected signal on the measured object with the intern reference value.
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Long Distance LaserLong Distance Laser I mm resolution.
Up to 30m without reflector.
Up to 100m with reflector.
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Profile Scaner LaserProfile Scaner Laser Based on the triangulation laser principle
of functionality, but projecting a transversal light beam instead of punctual, which let us obtain the profile where the light beam is being reflected.
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Profile Scanner LaserProfile Scanner Laser The output signal is punctual by
coordinates (X, Y) and they are transmitted in an analog or digital way.
Range: From 5 to 1200 mm on the Z axis, and from 8 to 600 mm on the X axis.
Resolution: 30µm.
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Potentiometer SensorPotentiometer Sensor The measure is obtained by the
displacement of a cursor over a resistive plastic track which gives a proportional value depending on the cursor location.
Advantage: Low cost. Disadvantage: Sensitive to tempeture
changes and easily affected by humid environments.
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ApplicationsApplications Distance and positioning measure of
different industries machinery (wood, ceramic, marble, etc.) where there are short distances and the industry is looking for simple automatization.
Range: From 25 mm to 950 mm.
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By Cable.By Cable. They transform a lineal movement in an angular
movement. The angular movement is gathered by a
potentiometer to obtain analog outputs or with the use of an encoder to obtain digital outputs.
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By CableBy Cable Mechanic parts:◦ Cable.◦ Wharf.◦ Drum.
It composes a great precision and repeatability mechanics.
Range: Form 50 mm to 60 m.
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MagnetoestrictiveMagnetoestrictive It emmits pulses along the profile, this
pulses are modified by the magnet´s magnetic field, which will determinate the position.
The electronic measures the time difference between the pulses´ emision and reception and converts it on distance with high resolution.
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MagnetoestrictiveMagnetoestrictive Range: From 150 mm to 5.75 m. Great precision (1µm). Dirt resistant.
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MagnetoresistiveMagnetoresistive They allow us to have a linear encoder,
with the advantage of counting with a magnetic tape of 30m long in one piece.
The system has two parts, la magnetic tape and the compress which allow us to have a measure with contact but without rubbing because the compress moves a distance of one or two milimeters from the tape.
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MagnetoresistiveMagnetoresistive Available in different resolutions and
formats, all with a high read velocity.
Range: Up to 30 m with only one tape.
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Linear Encoders / DigitalLinear Encoders / Digital The measure is made optically over a
crystal track. The assembly is quite simple. Range: From 60m to 990mm.
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LVDT / InductivesLVDT / Inductives The displacement is obtained by means of the
lack of coordination between the primary and secundary wound.
It doesn´t suffer wear. Range: From 0.25mm to 300mm.
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VideosVideos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xpAFJEp
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uKc0lKJhf9c
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDTETijL4T8
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THANKS FOR YOUR THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTIONATTENTION