Diss.Haubach 2013 04 19978-3-658-02487-1/1.pdf · Literaturverzeichnis 301 Literaturverzeichnis...

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http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/dnlList.asp


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Symbolverzeichnis 343

Symbolverzeichnis

Variablen und Mengena Inputkoeffizienten A Abschreibung

b regionale PPP B statistische Ersatzgrößec Emissionsintensitäten C Konsume Emissionen D Dummy

f Endnachfrage E Emissionsmenge

k Ausgaben in lokaler Währung Ex Exporte

l Element der Leontief Inversen F Endnachfragem I O Multiplikator G Staatskonsump Preise I Investitionq Mengen K totale regionale Ausgabens Anteilsgewichte M Importeu Umsatz N Ländermenge

v Vorleistungswert Q Menge

w Wertschöpfung R realer Wechselkursx Produktionswert T indirekte Steuern

Aktivität Ü Nettobetriebsüberschuss

logarithmierte PPP W Wechselkurs

Netto Umweltwirkungsmultiplikatoren X BIP/Output

Anteil der importierten Vorleistungen Y nominaler Output

Störterm Z Produkteinheiten

CPD Koeffizienten Dummy

CPD Koeffizienten Dummy EF Emissionsfaktoren

Strukturanpassungskoeffizienten GEKS Gini Eltetö Köves Szulc Index

KEI Kennzahl GK Geary Khamis Index

Inflation GSS Anpassungsfaktor Gütersteuern

Güteranpassungsfaktoren HSP Anpassungsfaktor Handelsspanne

Niveauanpassungskoeffizienten IDB Iklé Dikhanov Balk Index

Handelskoeffizienten LQ Location Quotient

Weltpreis PI Preisindex

Gewichtungsfaktoren PPP Purchasing Power Parity

Unterschied SQ Strukturanpassungsquotientengs Anteil Gütersteuern uv Einheitswerte

hs Anteil Handelsspanne UVR Unit Value Ratio


344 Symbolverzeichnis

Vektoren und Matrizena Inputkoeffizienten A Inputkoeffizientenc Emissionsintensitäten C Emissionsintensitätene Emissionen E Emissionen

f Endnachfrage F Endnachfrage

i Identität I Identität

l Leontief L Leontief

m Multiplikatoren T Total Flowv Vorleistungen V Vorleistungen

x Output W Primärinputs

Indexa Ausland/Vergleichsland B Übel (Bad)c Länder F Fisher

d Inland/ Referenzland G Gut (Good)

f Aktivität/Treibstoff L Laspeyrèsg Region P Paasche

h Basic Heading T Törnqvist

i Unternehmen/Sektor Ex exportiertej Lieferant/Liefersektor Im importierte

k Güter SO sektoraler Output

r Umweltwirkung TF Total Flows Stufent Zeit

ghg THG

dir direkte

ind indirekteges gesamte

Abkürzungen und Akronyme 345

Abkürzungen und Akronyme

Abb. AbbildungAbfAblV AbfallablagerungsverordnungAGEB Arbeitsgemeinschaft EnergiebilanzenALCA Attributional LCAAR4 Fourth Assessment ReportA S Aumann ShapleyBASF Badische Anilin & Soda FabrikBAU Business as usualBDEW Bundesverband der Energie und Was

serwirtschaftBImSchV Bundes ImmissionsschutzverordnungBIP BruttoinlandsproduktBMBF Bundesministerium für Bildung For

schungBMU Bundesministerium für UmweltBMUJF Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Jugend

und Familie (Österreich)BNE BruttonationaleinkommenBOD Biological Oxygen DemandBSI British Standards InstitutionBUIS Betriebliche Umweltinformationssystemebzw. beziehungsweiseCCaRMa Corporate Carbon Risk ManagementCCD Caves Christensen DiewertCCS Carbon Capture and StorageCD Committee DraftCDIAC Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis

CenterCDM Clean Development MechanismCDP Carbon Disclosure ProjectCEA Carbon Emission AddedCER Certified Emission ReductionsCFP Carbon Footprint of ProductsCGE Computable General EquilibriumCH4 MethanCIF Cost Insurance FreightCIS Commonwealth of Independent StatesCLCA Consequential LCACliCCC Climate and Carbon Calculator for Com

paniesCO2 KohlendioxidCO2 eq. CO2 ÄquivalenteCOD Chemical Oxygen DemandCOICOP Classification of Individual Consumption

According to PurposeCPA Classification of Products by ActivityCPD Country Product DummyCPRD Country Product Representativeness

DummyCPI Consumer Price IndexCREEA Compiling and Refining Environmental

and Economic AccountsCRF Common Reporting FormatCSP Corporate Social PerformanceCSR Corporate Social Responsibilityd. h. das heißtDEA Data Envelope Analysis

Defra Department for Environment, Food andRural Affairs

DEHSt Deutsche EmissionshandelsstelleDfE Design for EnvironmentDIN Deutsche Institut für NormungDipl. Ing. Diplom IngenieurDipl. Kffr. Diplom KauffrauDL DienstleistungenDMI Direct Material InputDMU Decision Making UnitDOC Decomposable Organic CompoundsDPSIR Driving Force Pressure State Impact

ResponseDr. DoktorDSS Decision Support SystemDüV DüngeverordnungDVFA Deutsche Vereinigung für Finanzanalyse

und Asset ManagementEAT Earnings After TaxesEB Executive BoardEBI Earnings Before InterestEBIT Earnings Before Interest and TaxesEBITA Earnings Before Interest, Taxes and

AmortizationEBITDA Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreci

ation and AmortizationEBT Earnings Before TaxesEBTA Earnings Before Taxes and AmortizationECI Environmental Condition IndicatorEEA European Environmental AgencyEEBT Emissions Embodied in Bilateral TradeEEG Erneuerbare Energien GesetzEEIO Environmentally Extended Input Output

AnalysisEG Europäische GemeinschaftEI Environmental IndicatorEINBLIK Kumulative Emissionsintensitäten zur

Bewertung der Klimaschutz Performancelängs Lieferketten

EKC Environmental Kuznets CurveEMA Environmental Management AccountingEMAS Eco Management and Audit SchemeEMEP European Monitoring and Evaluation

ProgrammeEN Europäische NormENTSO E European Network of Transmission Sys

tem Operators for ElectricityEnVA Environmental Value AddedEnWG EnergiewirtschaftsgesetzEP Environmental PurchasingEPD Environmental Product DeclarationEPI Environmental Performance IndicatorE PRTR European Pollutant Release and Transfer

RegisterERU Emission Reduction UnitsESSM Energie und Stoffstrommanagement


346 Abkürzungen und Akronyme

ESVG Europäischen System Volkswirtschaftlicher Gesamtrechnungen

EU Europäische UnionEU ETS EU Emission Trading SchemeEU KLEMS Productivity in the European Union: A

Comparative Industry approachEurostat Statistisches Amt der Europäischen Ge

meinschaftenEVS Einkommens und VerbrauchsstichprobeEVU EnergieversorgungsunternehmenEWG Europäische WirtschaftsgemeinschaftEXIOPOL A new environmental accounting frame

work using externality data and inputoutput tools for policy analysis

f. folgendeff. fortfolgendeFAO Food and Agriculture OrganisationFAR First Assessment ReportFCKW FluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffeFEST Forschungsstätte der Evangelischen

StudiengemeinschaftFGK FertigungsgemeinkostenFH FachhochschuleFKW vollhalogenisierte Fluorkohlenwasser

stoffeFOB Free On BoardGEKS Gini Eltetö Köves SzulcGEMIS Globales Emissions Modell Integrierter

SystemeGg GigagrammGGDC Groningen Growth and Development

CentreGK Geary KhamisGRAM Global Resource Accounting ModelGRI Global Reporting InitiativeGSCM Green Supply Chain ManagementGSCP Green Supply Chain PracticesGTAP Global Trade Analysis ProjectGuV Gewinn und VerlustrechnungGWP Global Warming PotentialHBEFA Handbuch Emissionsfaktoren des Stra

ßenverkehrsHBS Harrod Balassa SamuelsonH FCKW teilhalogenierte Halogenkohlenwasser

stoffeH FKW teilhalogenierte FluorkohlenwasserstoffeHGB HandelsgesetzbuchHIOT Hybride Input Output TabellenICOP International Comparison of Output and

ProductivityICP International Comparison ProgramIDB Iklé Dikhanov BalkIEA International Energy AgencyIFRS International Financial Reporting Stand

ardiLUC indirekte LandnutzungsänderungenIMF International Monetary FundINTUS Operationalisierung von Instrumenten

des Umweltcontrollings durch den effektiven Einsatz von Betrieblichen Umweltinformationssystemen

I O Input OutputIAF Institut für Angewandte ForschungINEC Institut für Industrial EcologyIPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

ChangeIRIO Interregionale Input OutputISIC International Standard Industrial Classifi

cationISO International Organization for Standar

dizationITA InlandstechnologieannahmeJI Joint ImplementationKap. KapitelKEA Kumulierter EnergieaufwandKEI Kumulierte Emissionsintensitätkg KilogrammKPI Key Performance IndicatorkWh KilowattstundeKWK Kraft Wärme Kopplungl LiterLCA Life Cycle AssessmentLCC Life Cycle CostingLCI Life Cycle InvetoryLCIA Life Cycle Inventory AnalysisLfU Landesanstalt für UmweltLKW LastkraftwagenLOOP Law of one PriceLQ Location QuotientLTO Landing Take OffLULUCF Land Use, Land Use Change and ForestryLWS Laufende Wirtschaftsrechnungenm3 KubikmeterMEPI Measuring Environmental Performance

in IndustryMER Market Exchange RateMFA Material Flow AnalysisMIOT Monetäre Input Output TabelleMIPS Material Input pro ServiceeinheitMPI Management Performance IndicatorMRIO Muliregionale Input Output ModelleMVA MüllverbrennungsanlageN2O DistickstoffmonoxidNACE Nomenclature statistique des Activités

économiques dans la Communauté Européenne

NAMEA National Accounting Matrix includingEnvironmental Accounts

NH3 AmmoniakNIR National Inventory ReportNOPAT Net Operating Profit After TaxesNOx StickoxidNRTEE National Round Table on the Environ

ment and the EconomyO3 OzonODP Ozone Depletion PotentialOECD Organisation for Economic Co operation

and DevelopmentOPI Operational Performance IndicatorPAS Publicly Available SpecificationPBTs persistente bioakkumulierende toxische

Stoffe

Abkürzungen und Akronyme 347

PCF Product Carbon FootprintPDD Project Design DocumentPIOT Physische Input Output TabellePKW PersonenkraftwagenPM Particulate MatterPOPs Persistent Organic PollutantsPoS Point of SalePPI Producer Price Indexppm parts per millionPPP Purchasing Power ParityPRODCOM Production CommunautaireProf. ProfessorPS ProduktspezifikationPSR Pressure State ResponsePTM Pricing to Marketq. e. d. quod erat demonstrandumREACH Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation

and Restriction of ChemicalsREPA Resource and Environmental Profile

AnalysisRFI Radiative Forcing IndexROA Return on AssetsROCE Return on Capital EmployedROE Return on EquityROI Return on InvestmentROIC Return on Invested CapitalRONA Return on Net AssetsRoW Rest der Welts. sieheS. SeiteSAM Social Accounting MatrixSAR Second Assessment ReportSCEM Supply Chain Environmental Manage

mentSCM Supply Chain ManagementSEEA System of Integrated Environmental and

Economic AccountingSERI Sustainable Europe Research InstituteSETAC Society of Environmental Toxicology and

ChemistrySF6 SchwefelhexafluoridSNA System of National AccountsSO2 SchwefeldioxidSE Societas EuropaeaSPD Structured Product DescriptionsSRES IPCC Special Report on Emission Scenari

osStBA Statistisches BundesamtSusVA Sustainable Value AddedSUT Supply and Use TablesSV Sustainable ValueSWDS Solid Waste Disposal Sitest TonneTab. TabelleTAR Third Assessment ReportTDE Total Domestic ExtractionTEHG Treibhausgas EmissionshandelsgesetzTF Total FlowTHG TreibhausgasTJ TerajouleTMC Total Material Consumption

TMI Total Material InputTMR Total Material RequirementTRI Toxic Release Inventoryu. a. unter anderemu. ä. und ähnlichu. s. w. und so weiterUBA UmweltbundesamtUCTE Union for the Co ordination of Transmis

sion of ElectricityUGR Umweltökonomische GesamtrechnungUMS UmweltmanagementsystemUN United NationsUNCED United Nations Conference on Environ

ment and DevelopmentUNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and

DevelopmentUNEP United Nations Environment ProgrammeUNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention

on Climate ChangeUNSO United Nations Statistical OfficeUNSTAT United Nations Statistics DivisionuPOPs Unintentionally Produced POPsUS EPA United States Environmental Protection

AgencyUStatG UmweltstatistikgesetzUVR Unit Value Ratiovgl. vergleicheVGR Volkswirtschaftliche GesamtrechnungVOC Volatile Organic CompoundsVtGK VertriebsgemeinkostenVVGK Verwaltungs und VertriebsgemeinkostenVwGK VerwaltungsgemeinkostenWBCSD World Business Council for Sustainable

DevelopmentWCED World Commission on Environment and

DevelopmentWD Working DraftWEC World Energy CouncilWEMUK Wertschöpfungsbasierte Erfolgsmessung

unternehmensbezogener KlimaschutzAktivitäten

WIOD World Input Output DatabaseWMO World Meteorological OrganizationWPI Wholesale Price IndexWRI World Resources InstituteWZ Klassifikation der Wirtschaftszweigez. B. zum Beispielz. T. zum TeilZSE Zentrales System EmissionenZVEI Zentralverband der Elektrotechnik und

Elektronikindustrie

Anhang 349

Anhang

Tab. A.1: THG Äquivalenzfaktoren (direct Global Warming Potentials) (nach IPCC 2007, Table 2.14(Errata))

Industrielle Bezeichnung odergebräuchlicher Name Chemische Formel

Lebensdauer(Jahre)

Strahlungseffizienz

(W m 2 ppb 1)

Global Warming Potential für den gegebenen Zeithorizont

SAR(100 yr) 20 yr 100 yr 500 yr

Kohlendioxid CO2 1.4x10–5 1 1 1 1Methan CH4 12 3.7x10–4 21 72 25 7,6Distickstoffoxid N2O 114 3.03x10–3 310 289 298 153Substanzen die über das Montreal Protokoll kontrolliertwerdenCFC 11 CCl3F 45 0,25 3.800 6.730 4.750 1.620CFC 12 CCl2F2 100 0,32 8.100 11.000 10.900 5.200CFC 13 CClF3 640 0,25 10.800 14.400 16.400CFC 113 CCl2FCClF2 85 0,3 4.800 6.540 6.130 2.700CFC 114 CClF2CClF2 300 0,31 8.040 10.000 8.730CFC 115 CClF2CF3 1.700 0,18 5.310 7.370 9.990Halon 1301 CBrF3 65 0,32 5.400 8.480 7.140 2.760Halon 1211 CBrClF2 16 0,3 4.750 1.890 575Halon 2402 CBrF2CBrF2 20 0,33 3.680 1.640 503Tetrachlormethan CCl4 26 0,13 1.400 2.700 1.400 435Brommethan CH3Br 0,7 0,01 17 5 1Trichlorethan CH3CCl3 5 0,06 100 506 146 45HCFC 21 CHCl2F 1,7 0,14 530 151 46HCFC 22 CHClF2 12 0,2 1.500 5.160 1.810 549HCFC 123 CHCl2CF3 1,3 0,14 90 273 77 24HCFC 124 CHClFCF3 5,8 0,22 470 2.070 609 185HCFC 141b CH3CCl2F 9,3 0,14 600 2.250 725 220HCFC 142b CH3CClF2 17,9 0,2 1.800 5.490 2.310 705HCFC 225ca CHCl2CF2CF3 1,9 0,2 429 122 37HCFC 225cb CHClFCF2CClF2 5,8 0,32 2.030 595 181FluorkohlenwasserstoffeHFC 23 CHF3 270 0,19 11.700 12.000 14.800 12.200HFC 32 CH2F2 4,9 0,11 650 2.330 675 205HFC 41 CH3F 2,4 0,02 150 323 92 28HFC 125 CHF2CF3 29 0,23 2.800 6.350 3.500 1.100HFC 134 CHF2CHF2 9,6 0,18 1000 3.400 1.100 335HFC 134a CH2FCF3 14 0,16 1.300 3.830 1.430 435HFC 143 CH2FCHF2 3,5 0,13 300 1.240 353 107HFC 143a CH3CF3 52 0,13 3.800 5.890 4.470 1.590HFC 152 CH2FCH2F 0,6 0,09 187 53 16HFC 152a CH3CHF2 1,4 0,09 140 437 124 38HFC 161 CH3CH2F 0,3 0,03 43 12 3,7HFC 227ea CF3CHFCF3 34,2 0,26 2.900 5.310 3.220 1.040HFC 236cb CH2FCF2CF3 13,6 0,23 3.630 1.340 407HFC 236ea CHF2CHFCF3 10,7 0,3 4.090 1.370 418HFC 236fa CF3CH2CF3 240 0,28 6.300 8.100 9.810 7.660HFC 245ca CH2FCF2CHF2 6,2 0,23 560 2.340 693 211HFC 245fa CHF2CH2CF3 7,6 0,28 3.380 1.030 314HFC 365mfc CH3CF2CH2CF3 8,6 0,21 2.520 794 241HFC 43 10mee CF3CHFCHFCF2CF3 15,9 0,4 1.300 4.140 1.640 500Mehrfach fluorinierte VerbindungenSchwefelhexafluorid SF6 3.200 0,52 23.900 16.300 22.800 32.600Stickstofftrifluorid NF3 740 0.21 12.300 17.200 20.700PFC 14 CF4 50.000 0.10 6.500 5.210 7.390 11.200PFC 116 C2F6 10.000 0,26 9.200 8.630 12.200 18.200


350 Anhang

PFC 218 C3F8 2.600 0,26 7.000 6.310 8.830 12.500PFC 318 c C4F8 3.200 0,32 8.700 7.310 10.300 14.700PFC 3 1 10 C4F10 2.600 0,33 7.000 6.330 8.860 12.500PFC 4 1 12 C5F12 4.100 0,41 7.500 6.510 9.160 13.300PFC 5 1 14 C6F14 3.200 0,49 7.400 6.600 9.300 13.300PFC 9 1 18 C10F18 >1,000f 0,56 >5,500 >7,500 >9,500TrifluoromethylSchwefelpentafluorid SF5CF3 800 0,57 13.200 17.700 21.200Perfluorcyclopropan c C3F6 >1000 0,42 >12,700 >17,340 >21,800Fluorinierte EtherHFE 125 CHF2OCF3 136 0,44 13.800 14.900 8.490HFE 134 CHF2OCHF2 26 0,45 12.200 6.320 1.960HFE 143a CH3OCF3 4,3 0,27 2.630 756 230HCFE 235da2 CHF2OCHClCF3 2,6 0,38 1.230 350 106HFE 245cb2 CH3OCF2CF3 5,1 0,32 2.440 708 215HFE 245fa2 CHF2OCH2CF3 4,9 0,31 2.280 659 200HFE 254cb2 CH3OCF2CHF2 2,6 0,28 1.260 359 109HFE 347mcc3 CH3OCF2CF2CF3 5,2 0,34 1.980 575 175HFE 347pcf2 CHF2CF2OCH2CF3 7,1 0,25 1.900 580 175HFE 356pcc3 CH3OCF2CF2CHF2 0,33 0,93 386 110 33HFE 449sl (HFE 7100) C4F9OCH3 3,8 0,31 1.040 297 90HFE 569sf2 (HFE 7200) C4F9OC2H5 0,77 0,3 207 59 18HFE 43 10pccc124 (H Galden1040x) CHF2OCF2OC2F4OCHF2 6,3 1,37 6.320 1.870 569HFE 236ca12 (HG 10) CHF2OCF2OCHF2 12,1 0,66 8.000 2.800 860HFE 338pcc13 (HG 01) CHF2OCF2CF2OCHF2 6,2 0,87 5.100 1.500 460

(CF3)2CFOCH3 3,4 0,31 1204 343 104CF3CF2CH2OH 0,4 0,24 147 42 13(CF3)2CHOH 1,8 0,28 687 195 59

HFE 227ea CF3CHFOCF3 11 0,4 4.540 1.540 468HFE 236ea2 CHF2OCHFCF3 5,8 0,44 3.370 989 301HFE 236fa CF3CH2OCF3 3,7 0,34 1.710 487 148HFE 245fa1 CHF2CH2OCF3 2,2 0,3 1.010 286 87HFE 263fb2 CF3CH2OCH3 0,2 0,1 38 11 3HFE 329mcc2 CHF2CF2OCF2CF3 6,8 0,49 3.060 919 279HFE 338mcf2 CF3CH2OCF2CF3 4,3 0,43 1.920 552 168HFE 347mcf2 CHF2CH2OCF2CF3 2,8 0,41 1.310 374 114HFE 356mec3 CH3OCF2CHFCF3 0,94 0,3 355 101 31HFE 356pcf2 CHF2CH2OCF2CHF2 2 0,37 931 265 80HFE 356pcf3 CHF2OCH2CF2CHF2 3,6 0,39 1.760 502 153HFE 365mcf3 CF3CF2CH2OCH3 0,27 0,11 41 11 4HFE 374pc2 CHF2CF2OCH2CH3 5 0,25 1.930 557 169

(CF2)4CH (OH) 0,3 0,85 258 73 23(CF3)2CHOCHF2 3,1 0,41 1.330 380 115(CF3)2CHOCH3 0,25 0,3 94 27 8,2

PerfluorpolyetherPFPMIE CF3OCF(CF3)CF2OCF2OCF3 800 0,65 7.620 10.300 12.400Kohlenwasserstoffe und andere Verbindungen DirekteEffekteDimethylether CH3OCH3 0,015 0,02 1 1 <<1Chloroform CHCl3 0,51 0,11 4 108 31 9,3Dichlormethan CH2Cl2 0,38 0,03 9 31 8,7 2,7Chlormethan CH3Cl 1 0,01 45 13 4

CH2Br2 0,41 0,01 5,4 1,54 0,47Halon 1201 CHBrF2 5,8 0,14 1.380 404 123Trifluoriodmethan CF3I 0,005 0,23 <1 1 0,4 0,1

Anhang 351

Tab. A.2: Brennstoffbezogene Emissionsfaktoren für CO2 2007, Energie in [t CO2/TJ] (nach UBA2010c, 523 ff.)

Kohlen GaseSteinkohle Kokerei und Stadtgas Deutschland ............. 40,0Steinkohle roh (Kraftwerke, Industrie) ...................................... 94,1 Sonstige Gase Deutschland.......................... 60,0Steinkohlenbriketts.................................................................... 93,0 NaturgaseSteinkohlenkoks......................................................................... 105,0 Erdgas Deutschland.................................. 56,0Anthrazit (Wärmemarkt, Haushalte, Kleinverbrauch)................ 98,0 Erdölgas ................................................... 58,0

Braunkohle Grubengas................................................ 55,0Rohbraunkohlen Abfallöffentliche Fernheizwerke Deutschland................................. 112,3 Hausmüll, Siedlungsabfall ............................ 91,5Industrie, Kleinverbrauch Deutschland .................................. 111,4 Industriemüll Deutschland........................... 71,1öffentliche Kraftwerke Revier Sonderabfall Deutschland ............................ 83,0Rheinland........................................................................... 114,0 SonderbrennstoffeHelmstedt .......................................................................... 99,0 Altöl ......................................................... 78,7Lausitz ................................................................................ 113,0 Altkunststoff ............................................ 74,6Mitteldeutschland.............................................................. 104,0 Altreifen................................................... 97,3

Braunkohlenbriketts Deutschland ............................................. 99,6 Bleicherde................................................ 82,3Braunkohlenstaub und wirbelschichtkohle Deutschland.......... 97 9 Gewerbeabfall Kunststoff ........................ 83,1Braunkohlenkoks ....................................................................... 108,0 Gewerbeabfall Papier .............................. 64,9Hartbraunkohle ......................................................................... 97,0 Gewerbeabfall sonstiger .......................... 68,1

Mineralöle Gewerbeabfall Verpackungen.................. 56,9Ottokraftstoff ................................................................................ 72,0 Klärschlamm ............................................ 95,1Rohbenzin Deutschland ................................................................. 80,0 Lösemittel (Abfall).................................... 71,1Kerosin........................................................................................... 73,3 Ölschlamm............................................... 84,0Flugtreibstoff ................................................................................. 69,3 Rückstände Papierindustrie ..................... 86,2Dieselkraftstoff Deutschland ......................................................... 74,0 Siedlungsabfall aufbereitet ...................... 59,8Heizöl leicht Deutschland............................................................... 74,0 Teppichabfälle ......................................... 80,4Heizöl schwer................................................................................. 78,0 Textilabfälle ............................................. 63,3Petroleum...................................................................................... 74,0Petrolkoks...................................................................................... 101,0Flüssiggas Deutschland .................................................................. 65,0Raffineriegas.................................................................................. 60,0Andere Mineralölprodukte Deutschland ....................................... 80,0Schmierstoff .................................................................................. 80,0

Tab. A.3: Emissionsfaktoren für CO2 aus Industrieprozessen (2007) (nach UBA 2010c, 527)

Industrieprozesse [kg CO2/ t (Rohstoff oderProdukt]

2.A.1 Produktion von Zementklinker .................................. 5302.A.2 Produktion von Branntkalk ........................................ 7852.A.2 Produktion von Dolomitkalk ...................................... 9132.A.3 Verwendung von Kalkstein ........................................ 4402.A.7 Produktion von Mauerziegeln ................................... 29,12.A.7 Produktion von Dachziegeln...................................... 28,62.A.7 Produktion von Behälterglas ..................................... 1932.A.7 Produktion vpm Flachglas.......................................... 2082.A.7 Produktion von Wirtschaftsglas................................. 1202.A.7 Produktion Spezialglas............................................... 1132.A.7 Produktion von Glasfasern ........................................ 1982.A.7 Produktion von Steinwolle ........................................ 2992.B Produktion von Ammoniak........................................ 1326,162.B Produktion von Kalziumkarbid (NBL) ......................... 62,422.B Katalysatorabbrand ................................................... 1,962.C.1 Produktion von Elektrostahl ...................................... 4,772.C.1 Produktion von Woxygenstahl................................... 13072.C.1 Produktion von Oxygenstahl, Kalksteineinsatz .......... 4402.C.2 Produktion von Ferrolegierungen ............................. 1102.C.3 Produktion von Hüttenaluminium............................. 1367

352 Anhang

Tab. A.4: Niveauanpassung für alle Handelspartner Deutschlands (2007)

RangEinfuhr Emissions

intensität

Niveauanpassungskoeffizient

Land Mill. € kg CO2 eq. proPPP $ des BIP

nach PPP

1 Frankreich ......................................................... 62 872,5 0,177 0,658

2 Niederlande....................................................... 61 951,0 0,258 0,961

3 China, VR ........................................................... 56 417,1 0,926 3,440

4 USA.................................................................... 45 993,4 0,399 1,482

5 Italien ................................................................ 44 693,6 0,243 0,901

6 Vereinigtes Königreich ...................................... 41 966,2 0,243 0,904

7 Belgien .............................................................. 36 250,3 0,271 1,006

8 Österreich ......................................................... 32 091,2 0,218 0,809

9 Schweiz ............................................................. 29 822,3 0,117 0,434

10 Russische Föderation ........................................ 28 890,7 0,698 2,596

11 Tschechien ........................................................ 25 869,7 0,489 1,816

12 Japan ................................................................. 24 380,7 0,292 1,084

13 Polen ................................................................. 24 055,1 0,493 1,834

14 Spanien ............................................................. 20 687,0 0,248 0,920

15 Norwegen.......................................................... 17 735,5 0,173 0,645

16 Irland................................................................. 17 415,1 0,225 0,835

17 Ungarn .............................................................. 17 305,5 0,293 1,090

18 Schweden.......................................................... 13 981,2 0,136 0,507

19 Dänemark.......................................................... 10 978,9 0,241 0,897

20 Korea, Republik ................................................. 10 785,9 0,393 1,459

21 Türkei ................................................................ 9 843,8 0,292 1,084

22 Slowakei ............................................................ 8 962,4 0,325 1,207

23 Brasilien............................................................. 8 484,7 0,199 0,738

24 Finnland ............................................................ 8 289,6 0,334 1,242

25 Taiwan............................................................... 5 962,4 2,221

26 Indien ................................................................ 4 746,2 0,502 1,866

27 Rumänien .......................................................... 4 741,6 0,360 1,339

28 Südafrika ........................................................... 4 459,3 0,901 3,350

29 Malaysia ............................................................ 4 398,1 0,540 2,007

30 Libyen................................................................ 4 219,2 0,562 2,088

31 Portugal............................................................. 4 055,5 0,235 0,872

32 Singapur ............................................................ 3 972,5 0,148 0,550

33 Mexiko .............................................................. 3 723,6 0,291 1,082

34 Kasachstan ........................................................ 3 604,7 1,347 5,006

35 Slowenien.......................................................... 3 567,6 0,295 1,095

36 Kanada .............................................................. 3 567,5 0,431 1,601

37 Thailand............................................................. 3 270,9 0,540 2,007

38 Luxemburg ........................................................ 3 204,9 0,267 0,993

39 Indonesien......................................................... 3 167,8 0,438 1,629

40 Chile .................................................................. 2 619,2 0,304 1,129

41 Vietnam............................................................. 2 179,6 0,505 1,878

42 Griechenland..................................................... 2 065,2 0,317 1,177

43 Hongkong .......................................................... 1 988,2 0,136 0,505

44 Ukraine.............................................................. 1 887,1 1,016 3,776

45 Australien .......................................................... 1 835,5 0,498 1,850

46 Philippinen ........................................................ 1 808,6 0,252 0,938

47 Israel.................................................................. 1 652,6 0,194 0,721

48 Bangladesch ...................................................... 1 555,1 0,238 0,883

49 Argentinien........................................................ 1 500,7 0,350 1,301

50 Bulgarien ........................................................... 1 473,8 0,558 2,074

Anhang 353

51 Litauen .............................................................. 1 249,8 0,247 0,917

52 Syrien ................................................................ 1 111,4 0,787 2,924

53 Tunesien............................................................ 1 080,4 0,278 1,032

54 Aserbaidschan ................................................... 1 060,4 0,626 2,327

55 Saudi Arabien .................................................... 1 040,8 0,724 2,690

56 Algerien ............................................................. 989,4 0,428 1,592

57 Venezuela.......................................................... 932,2 0,488 1,815

58 Kolumbien ......................................................... 915,7 0,166 0,619

59 Nigeria............................................................... 911,8 0,301 1,120

60 Peru................................................................... 882,7 0,198 0,737

61 Ägypten............................................................. 835,8 0,492 1,827

62 Elfenbeinküste................................................... 787,5 0,195 0,726

63 Kroatien............................................................. 770,3 0,294 1,092

64 Liberia ............................................................... 762,4 0,503 1,869

65 Marschall Inseln ................................................ 722,7 3,022

66 Serbien .............................................................. 657,2 0,654 2,430

67 Neuseeland ....................................................... 653,4 0,272 1,010

68 Pakistan............................................................. 646,8 0,396 1,473

69 Iran.................................................................... 582,8 0,648 2,410

70 Zypern ............................................................... 555,1 0,367 1,363

71 Malta................................................................. 526,6 0,283 1,050

72 Island................................................................. 506,1 0,202 0,751

73 Marokko............................................................ 501,1 0,364 1,352

74 Lettland ............................................................. 497,7 0,203 0,754

75 Costa Rica.......................................................... 480,8 0,167 0,621

76 Mazedonien ...................................................... 435,9 0,583 2,166

77 Weißrussland .................................................... 433,8 0,568 2,112

78 Vereinigte Arabische Emirate............................ 429,3 0,421 1,563

79 Ecuador ............................................................. 385,3 0,311 1,156

80 Estland............................................................... 383,7 0,699 2,598

81 Bosnien und Herzegowina................................. 353,7 0,973 3,616

82 Sri Lanka ............................................................ 353,4 0,144 0,537

83 Liechtenstein..................................................... 320,1 1,272

84 Kambodscha...................................................... 251,5 0,170 0,631

85 Panama ............................................................. 236,1 0,173 0,644

86 Bahamas............................................................ 231,1 0,244 0,907

87 Uruguay............................................................. 206,4 0,157 0,585

88 Papua Neu Guinea............................................. 203,0 0,234 0,870

89 Macao ............................................................... 163,8 0,063 0,233

90 Antigua und Barbuda ........................................ 162,4 0,210 0,782

91 Honduras........................................................... 157,0 0,333 1,239

92 Moldawien ........................................................ 145,8 0,481 1,787

93 Angola ............................................................... 139,0 0,271 1,007

94 Paraguay ........................................................... 136,9 0,152 0,564

95 Ghana................................................................ 130,6 0,306 1,138

96 Armenien .......................................................... 127,0 0,294 1,093

97 Jamaica.............................................................. 117,1 0,674 2,504

98 Bahrain .............................................................. 113,8 0,859 3,194

99 Mozambique ..................................................... 113,3 0,149 0,555

100 Kenia ................................................................. 103,1 0,169 0,629

101 Simbabwe.......................................................... 102,3 1,550

102 Guinea............................................................... 102,0 0,143 0,531

103 Mauretanien ..................................................... 101,6 0,327 1,214

104 Kongo, Republik ................................................ 100,4 0,119 0,443

105 Äquatorial Guinea ............................................. 99,1 0,243 0,904

106 Tansania ............................................................ 92,8 0,123 0,458

354 Anhang

107 Namibia ............................................................. 92,0 0,230 0,857

108 Myanmar........................................................... 91,2 0,197 0,732

109 Äthiopien........................................................... 85,1 0,106 0,393

110 Jemen................................................................ 84,1 0,420 1,563

111 El Salvador......................................................... 79,9 0,174 0,648

112 Dominikanische Republik .................................. 78,0 0,283 1,053

113 Malawi .............................................................. 76,0 0,095 0,354

114 Kamerun............................................................ 69,0 0,156 0,579

115 Gibraltar ............................................................ 67,9 1,272

116 Madagaskar....................................................... 67,6 0,098 0,364

117 Usbekistan......................................................... 67,6 1,772 6,584

118 Guatemala......................................................... 66,5 0,210 0,781

119 Togo .................................................................. 60,8 0,251 0,932

120 Gabun................................................................ 58,7 0,098 0,363

121 British Virgin Islands .......................................... 55,8 1,006

122 Uganda .............................................................. 55,4 0,097 0,360

123 Georgien............................................................ 54,7 0,293 1,089

124 Bermuda............................................................ 50,5 1,006

125 Mauritius........................................................... 46,2 0,263 0,978

126 Kuwait ............................................................... 44,4 0,566 2,105

127 Kuba .................................................................. 43,5 1,006

128 Niederländische Antillen ................................... 42,9 1,006

129 Irak .................................................................... 41,6 1,063 3,951

130 Tadschikistan..................................................... 39,6 0,276 1,027

131 Laos ................................................................... 37,0 0,128 0,475

132 Albanien ............................................................ 36,6 0,197 0,731

133 Eritrea ............................................................... 36,2 0,203 0,754

134 Nepal ................................................................. 33,7 0,116 0,430

135 Sambia............................................................... 31,3 0,108 0,402

136 Libanon.............................................................. 30,3 0,347 1,289

137 Jordanien........................................................... 26,2 0,736 2,736

138 Nicaragua .......................................................... 24,3 0,302 1,124

139 Burundi.............................................................. 23,1 0,063 0,235

140 Oman................................................................. 22,7 0,659 2,450

141 Trinidad und Tobago ......................................... 21,9 1,113 4,137

142 Katar.................................................................. 21,6 0,745 2,769

143 Grönland ........................................................... 21,3 1,272

144 Bolivien.............................................................. 21,1 0,325 1,207

145 Sudan ................................................................ 19,0 0,157 0,584

146 Botswana........................................................... 18,3 0,183 0,680

147 Sierra Leone ...................................................... 17,6 0,324 1,206

148 St. Vincent and the Grenadines......................... 15,2 0,174 0,646

149 Ruanda .............................................................. 14,8 0,076 0,281

150 Andorra ............................................................. 14,7 1,272

151 San Marino ........................................................ 11,7 1,272

152 Kongo, Demokratische Republik ....................... 11,6 0,137 0,509

153 Korea, Demokratische Volksrepublik................. 11,0 3,022

154 Mongolei ........................................................... 10,8 1,139 4,233

155 Färöer Inseln ..................................................... 9,9 1,272

156 Tschad ............................................................... 9,1 0,032 0,120

157 Kosovo............................................................... 8,7 1,272

158 Senegal.............................................................. 8,1 0,258 0,960

159 Guyana .............................................................. 8,0 0,674 2,505

160 Kirgisien............................................................. 6,7 0,611 2,272

161 Seychellen ......................................................... 6,7 0,343 1,275

162 Französisch Polynesien ..................................... 6,5 3,022

Anhang 355

163 Montenegro ...................................................... 5,6 0,255 0,949

164 Benin ................................................................. 5,4 0,325 1,210

165 Afghanistan ....................................................... 5,4 0,024 0,090

166 Barbados ........................................................... 4,7 0,251 0,934

167 Swasiland .......................................................... 4,2 0,186 0,692

168 Malediven ......................................................... 4,2 0,403 1,497

169 Turkmenistan .................................................... 3,3 1,533 5,696

170 Burkina Faso...................................................... 2,6 0,099 0,368

171 Mali ................................................................... 2,6 0,043 0,158

172 Brunei Darussalam ............................................ 2,4 0,490 1,820

173 Zentralafrikanische Republik ............................. 2,3 0,082 0,304

174 Haiti................................................................... 1,7 0,223 0,830

175 Osttimor ............................................................ 1,6 0,240 0,892

176 Falkland Inseln................................................... 1,5 1,006

177 Fidschi ............................................................... 1,5 0,382 1,421

178 Ceuta................................................................. 1,3 2,099

179 Aruba................................................................. 1,3 1,006

180 Belize................................................................. 1,2 0,207 0,768

181 Grenada............................................................. 1,2 0,216 0,804

182 Komoren............................................................ 1,1 0,165 0,614

183 Vatikanstadt ...................................................... 0,9 1,272

184 St. Kitts und Nevis ............................................. 0,9 0,283 1,052

185 Solomon Inseln.................................................. 0,8 0,162 0,601

186 Surinam............................................................. 0,6 0,687 2,553

187 Vanuatu............................................................. 0,4 0,090 0,334

188 St. Lucia ............................................................. 0,4 0,230 0,855

189 Niger.................................................................. 0,4 0,095 0,352

190 Neukaledonien .................................................. 0,2 3,022

191 Westjordanland und Gaza................................. 0,2 2,099

192 Somalia.............................................................. 0,2 2,099

193 Niue................................................................... 0,2 3,022

194 Djibouti.............................................................. 0,2 0,280 1,041

195 Anguilla ............................................................. 0,2 1,006

196 Bhutan............................................................... 0,2 0,189 0,701

197 Dominica ........................................................... 0,1 0,201 0,746

198 Tonga ................................................................ 0,1 0,400 1,486

199 Gambia.............................................................. 0,1 0,200 0,744

200 Cook Inseln........................................................ 0,1 3,022

201 Mayotte............................................................. 0,1 1,542

202 Turks und Caicosinseln..................................... 0,1 1,006

203 Amerik. Überseeinseln, kl.................................. 0,1 3,022

204 Kaimaninseln..................................................... 0,1 1,006

205 Virgin Islands U.S. .............................................. 0,1 1,006

206 Kap Verden........................................................ 0,1 0,192 0,713

Arab World........................................................ 0,552 2,052

East Asia & Pacific (all income levels) ................ 0,598 2,221

East Asia & Pacific (developing only) ................. 0,813 3,022

Euro area........................................................... 0,245 0,910

Europe & Central Asia (all income levels).......... 0,342 1,272

Europe & Central Asia (developing only)........... 0,633 2,354

European Union ................................................ 0,261 0,970

Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) ............ 0,175 0,651

High income ...................................................... 0,335 1,247

High income: nonOECD ..................................... 0,439 1,631

High income: OECD ........................................... 0,328 1,218

356 Anhang

Latin America & Caribbean (all income levels) .. 0,271 1,006

Latin America & Caribbean (developing only) ... 0,266 0,988

Least developed countries: UN classification .... 0,189 0,704

Low & middle income........................................ 0,578 2,150

Low income ....................................................... 0,259 0,963

Lower middle income........................................ 0,488 1,815

Middle East & North Africa (all income levels) .. 0,564 2,095

Middle East & North Africa (developing only) ... 0,565 2,099

Middle income .................................................. 0,588 2,185

North America................................................... 0,401 1,492

Not classified..................................................... 0,000

OECD members ................................................. 0,325 1,209

South Asia ......................................................... 0,464 1,723

Sub Saharan Africa (all income levels) .............. 0,415 1,542

Sub Saharan Africa (developing only) ............... 0,417 1,550

Upper middle income........................................ 0,624 2,320

World ................................................................ 0,461 1,714

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Chem

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miun

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erzeug

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technik

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en,

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H.v.Möb

eln,

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uck,

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H.v.

Sekund

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n

Diss.Haubach 2013 04 19978-3-658-02487-1/1.pdf · Literaturverzeichnis 301 Literaturverzeichnis...

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Transcript of Diss.Haubach 2013 04 19978-3-658-02487-1/1.pdf · Literaturverzeichnis 301 Literaturverzeichnis...