Disorders , psychology
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Transcript of Disorders , psychology
Psychological Disorders By Katherine Colon
Abnormal Behavior
What one individual may
perceive as abnormal
behavior to them is
something that is strange
and out of the ordinary or
unusual. You are not
completely incorrect.
“Abnormal behavior refers to
actions,thoughts,and feelings
that are distressing or
harmful to the person or to
others.” Lahey tenth edition
With a mental evaluation on
an individuals actions and
behavior that is abnormal
along with the duration of
time and the harmful affects
it is having on the individual
or others will determine
abnormal behavior and may
need to be dealt with by the
psychiatrist with therapy
and possible medication to
help the individual.
Anxiety Disorders
Every individual experiences
anxiety,
nervousness,scared, worried
through out their life.
Depending on the situation
at hand but that does not
mean they have an anxiety
disorder.
There are different forms of
anxiety that with out
treatment from a physician
on ways to help control it
can make an individual very
unstable.
Women experience
anxiety disorders more
than men do. The kinds of
anxiety disorders vary as
29% of Americans will
experience an anxiety
disorder at some point
and time in their life.
Panic Anxiety Disorder
Some people can develop a
panic anxiety disorder which
involves a form of panic,
which can happen even
while a person is calm for a
long period of time. Rapid
heart beats and respiration
can develop along with
sweating, they may think
he/ she is going crazy
because it is happening so
suddenly to them.
If these attacks are becoming
very frequent for the individual
they will need to seek help as
it is interrupting their lives.
Current theory suggests that
panic attacks are non specific
responses to stress. It can
happen with out a direct
trigger like in a calming
situation.
Somatoform Disorders
Some people state to have
physical problems that are
really more psychological
than physical. That is a
Somatoform Disorder the
person is not “faking” it as
they truly believe they are in
pain a psychological problem
has taken the form of a
physical problem in a sense.
There are four different
types of Somatoform
Disorders:
Somatization Disorders,
Hypochondriasis, conversion
disorder, somatoform pain
disorders they are all very
similar with slight
differences in each.
Conversion Disorder
• Conversion disorders are there rarest and most dramatic of Somatoform disorders, symptoms like blindness, deafness, fainting,seizures and paralysis can occur. To better understand consider this:
• “A 22 year old man was complaining of night blindness and failing vision. The onset of his symptoms seemed closely related to his
• difficulties with a girlfriend who lived some miles away from his home. In order to visit her he was to drive at night which was made impossible by his night blindness. Soon after the relationship was broken and the girlfriend became engaged to someone else visual acuity improved and the visual fields showed on slight contraction.” Lahey tenth edition pg. 484
Dissociative Disorder
• Dissociative disorders deal with rare sudden alterations in cognition. There are four kinds of dissociative disorders depersonalization, dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue,dissociative identity disorder
• There are various types that deal with change in perception,identity or memory.
Depersonalization
• Depersonalization is when an individuals perception of their body or a body part has become “unreal” or that distortions have occurred in ones surroundings.
• For example the individual may feel like a robot, or may feel they have enlarged feet, or that there little brother is not real.
• The individual knows that what they are thinking or feeling is not true.
• These experiences are not considered abnormal unless they are accompanied by other problems or become recurrent to the point of becoming uncomfortable.
Mood Disorders
• Depression and mania are the two different types of mood disorders.
• Depression can occur alone ( major depression) or mania which alternates with periods of depression it is not as constant ( bipolar disorder) Both conditions can become very serious where an individual will need medication to help stabilize their moods.
Bipolar Disorder
• Bipolar disorder formerly called manic-depressive psychosis has periods of mania which occur irregularly with periods of sever depression.
• Bipolar disorder can become very serious, during these periods one may go on shopping sprees, act completely out of the ordinary, for example if one is normally quite and an introvert may become the opposite and very talkative, and restless.
• “When mania is recurrent, it usually alternates irregularly with episodes of depression.” Lahey tenth edition pg 492
• To determine bipolar disorder one will need to undergo a thorough examination to identify or rule out physical causes for the symptoms. Anti psychotic drugs and anti anxiety drugs which can be used to stabilize mood as well as anti depressant medications can prove to be helpful for people who are bipolar.
Schizophrenia
• Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder involving delusions and hallucinations, reduced enjoyment, and disorganization.
• Scizophrenia is an uncommon disorder that affects about %1 of the general population men are %30 more likely than women to be affected by schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia (continued)
• Both genetic and environmental are factors that can cause schizophrenia, schizophrenia is strongly influenced by genetic factors.
• Schizophrenia is a broad class of psychotic disorders and not just one disorder. It is broken down into three different sub types Paranoid Schizophrenia, Disorganized schizophrenia, Catatnic Schizophrenia.
• With diagnosing Schizophrenia CT scans of the head and other imaging techniques may find some changes that occur with schizophrenia and may rule out other disorders.
• Antipsychotic medications are the most effective treatment for schizophrenia. They change the balance of chemicals in the brain and can help control the symptoms of the illness.
References
• Lahey Tenth Edition
• WebMD.com
• Google.com ( for images)