DISEASES RELATED DUE TO DEFECT IN TRANSPORT MECHANISM
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Transcript of DISEASES RELATED DUE TO DEFECT IN TRANSPORT MECHANISM
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DISEASES RELATED DUE
TO DEFECT IN TRANSPORT
MECHANISM
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TRANSPORT ACROSS THE
PLASMA MEMBRANE
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TRANSPORT ACROSS THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
ACTIVE transport
• Energy coupling can transport against a concentration gradient.
Primary ---Transport is coupled to a chemical process (ATP hydrolysis).
Secondary ---Transport is coupled to a favorable transport process
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Primary
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• It requires energy molecule (ATP)
• Molecules move from area of low concentration to area of high concentration.
• Active transport of molecules or ions is achieved through the use of an integral membrane protein.
• 3 types of membrane protein:
• *UNIport
• *SYMport
• *ANTIport
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BULK transport
#Phagocytosis
#Pinocytosis .
#Endocytosis
#Exocytosis
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PASSIVE transport
Energy coupling can transport along a concentration gradient
This requires no energy.
Molecules move from area of high concentration to area of low concentration.
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IONS THAT TRANSPORT THROUGH CELL MEMBRANE
1. Oxygen
2. Carbon dioxide
3. Water
• Chloride ions
• Sodium ions
• Potassium ions
• Calcium ions
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List of diseases Alzheimer disease
Cystic fibrosis
Epilepsy and ataxia
Osteoporosis
Diabetes
Endocrine disorders
Renal diseases
Cardiac arrehythmias
Muscle excitation
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ALZHEIMER’S Brain cell death. Neurodegenerative disease Show tiny inclusions in the nerve tissue, called
plaques and tangles. • Plaques are found between the dying cells in the
brain - from the build-up of a protein called beta-amyloid (you may hear the term "amyloid plaques").
• The tangles are within the brain neurons - from a disintegration of another protein, called tau.
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Causes: *Ageing *Environmental factors like stress *Family history and genetics Symptoms: Memory loss Unable to do normal tasks like cooking,dressing etc Unable to recognize relatives,friends,irritation,wandering-off Some lose ability to take care of themselves Changes in personality and behavior Impairments to reasoning, complex tasking, exercising judgment
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• Stages of Alzheimer's disease • The progression of Alzheimer's can be broken
down into three basic stages: • Preclinical (no signs or symptoms yet) • Mild cognitive impairment Dementia. Mechanism: Clumps of amyloid peptides grow in brain Protein strands twist damaging brain cells Brain cells die and some part of the brain shrinks
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PREVENTION
Control the risk factors like blood pressure,diabetes and stroke.
Avoid stress in mildlife
Leading an active mental and physical life.
Drugs prescribed:
Drugs helps in to remove excess peptides from the brain.EG:Tacrine,Donepezil
Vaccines to boost immune system against the peptides.
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CYSTINURIA
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