Disease Categories
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Transcript of Disease Categories
Disease Categories
Hereditary
Causes by errors in genetic information
Like abnormalities in chromosomes or due to environmental factors
Examples?
Congenital
Born with diseases, perhaps because of mother’s drug use, a prescription that caused birth defects
Like Accutane, an acne medication, taken off market; including brain, heart, and face deformities
Abnormalities may also develop in-utero, during formative stage (1st trimester)
Over exposure to x-rays
Degenerative
Resulting from breakdown of body parts
Conditions associated with aging, heart attacks, strokes, arthritis, vessel blockage
Neoplastic
New growths Due to chemical agents, like
radiation Too much sun or x-rays Viruses like HPV or cell changes,
cancer
Metabolic
Body’s production of necessary or essential chemical or proper functioning is non-existent or defective
Diabetes, thyroid problems, lactose intolerance, etc.
Nutritional
Not enough nutrients; minerals, vitamins or proteins
Rickets is a vitamin D deficiency; causing bone to soften and legs bow
Scurvy; lack of vitamin C
Immunologic
Result from improper function of body’s immune system
Overactive suppressor T cells contribute to immunologic diseases like Rheumatoid Arthritis; body attacks itself
Infectious
Highly contagious caused by pathogens, disease causing organisms
Including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites
Psychogenic
Caused by emotional factors including stress that may be associated with: fear, anxiety, and crises
May cause gastrointestinal disorders, skin irritations, breathing difficulties
Examples?
Bacteria Cocci: - round, or chains;
streptococcus Bacilli:- Diplobacillus &
Streptobacillus Spirals:- twisted, bent,
compressed forms and vibrio; like a comma
Epidemiology Study of populations and diseases that affect
them:
1. Epidemic: - involves a large segment of population for a limited
period of time2. Endemic: - involves a certain geographical area; affects few
individuals3. Pandemic: - affects several countries or the world4. Sporadic Diseases:- rare, irregular; like whooping cough