Discussion
1
Discussion Supports Seeman’s studies 1975 in 2005. Receptors expressed better with mutations in the first protomer with beta gamma biosensor. Receptors expressed better with mutations in the second protomer with the Alpha biosensor. Proteins and receptors may not have been transfected properly. Seeman P. et.al. PNAS 2005;102:3513-3518 Figure 10: Data table from Seaman's most recent study. He treated D2 receptors with Olanzapine and observed an increase in the amount of receptors in the D2 High states. Conclusion Receptors continued to express despite inhibitons Supports the Dopamine hypothesis of Schizophrenia Supports Seeman’s studies in 1975 and 2005 Future Research Deletion in one of the transmembrane receptors FACS Assay http://www.smbs.buffalo.edu/confocal/array.jpg References •1. Angers,S., Salahpour,A., Joly,E., Hilairet,S., Chelsky,D., Dennis,M., and Bouvier,M. (2000). Detection of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor dimerization in living cells using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97, 3684-3689. •2. Ballesteros,J.A., Shi,L., and Javitch,J.A. (2001b). Structural mimicry in G protein-coupled receptors: Implications of the high-resolution structure of rhodopsin for structure- function analysis of rhodopsin-like receptors. Mol Pharmacol, 60, 1-19 • 3. Baneres,J.L. and Parello,J. (2003b). Structure-based analysis of GPCR unction: Evidence for a novel pentameric assembly between the dimeric leukotriene B-4 receptor BLT1 and the G- protein. Journal of Molecular Biology, 329, 815-829. •4. Bockaert,J. and Pin,J.P. (1999). Molecular tinkering of G protein-coupled receptors: an evolutionary success. Embo Journal, 18, 1723-1729. •5. Bouvier,M. (2001). Oligomerization of G-protein-coupled transmitter receptors . Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2, 274-286. •6. Elling,C.E., Nielsen,S.M., and Schwartz,T.W. (1995). Conversion of Antagonist- Binding Site to Metal-Ion Site in the Tachykinin Nk-1 Receptor . Nature, 374, 74-77. •7. Farrens,D.L., Altenbach,C., Yang,K., Hubbell,W.L., and Khorana,H.G. (1996). Requirement of rigid-body motion of transmembrane helices for light activation of rhodopsin . Science, 274, 768-770. • 8. Filipek,S., Stenkamp,R.E., Teller,D.C., and Palczewski,K. (2003). G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin: A prospectus. Annual Review of Physiology, 65, 851- 879. •9. Fredriksson,R., Lagerstrom,M.C., Lundin,L.G., and Schioth,H.B. (2003). The G-protein-coupled receptors in the human genome form five main families. Phylogenetic analysis, paralogon groups, and fingerprints. Mol Pharmacol, 63, 1256-1272. •10. Fredriksson,R. and Schioth,H.B. (2005). The Repertoire of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Fully Sequenced Genomes. Mol Pharmacol, 67, 1414-1425. • 11. George,S.R., O'Dowd,B.F., and Lee,S.R. (2002). G-protein-coupled receptor oligomerization and its potential for drug discovery. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 1, 808- 820 • 12. Gether,U. (2000). Uncovering molecular mechanisms involved in activation of G protein- coupled receptors. Endocr Rev, 21, 90-113. •13. Guo W., Urizar E, Kralikova M., Mobarec J.C., Shi L., Marta Filizola & Jonathan A Javitch (2008). Dopamine D2 receptors form higher order oligomers at physiological expression levels. The EMBO Journal advance online publication 31 July 2008; doi:10.1038/emboj.2008.153 • 14. Hoon, M.A., Adler,E., Lindemeier,J., Battey,J.F., Ryba,N.J.P., and Zuker,C.S. (1999). Putative mammalian taste receptors: A class of taste-specific GPCRs with distinct topographic selectivity. Cell, 96, 541-551. • 15. Bacart J., Corbel C., Jockers R., Bach S., Couturier C.. (2008) The BRET technology and its application to screening assays . Biotechnology Journal 3:3, 311-324 •16. Jorm AF, Barney LJ, Christensen H, Highet NJ, Kelly CM, Kitch- ener BA: Research on mental health literacy: what we know and what we still need to know. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2006; 40: 3–5 •17. Kojouharova, Mihaela S., Gadjeva, Mihaela G., Tsacheva Ivanka G., • 18. Kenakin,T. (2003). Ligand-selective receptor conformations revisited: the promise and the problem. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 24, 346-354. •19. Kristiansen,K. (2004). Molecular mechanisms of ligand binding, signaling, and regulation within the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors: molecular modeling and mutagenesis approaches to receptor structure and function. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 103, 21-80. • 20. Luchins, D. (1975)The Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia A Critical Analysis . Neuropsychobiology ;1:365-378 •20. Maggio,R., Vogel,Z., and Wess,J. (1993). Coexpression Studies with Mutant Muscarinic Adrenergic-Receptors Provide Evidence for Intermolecular Cross- Talk Between G-Protein-Linked Receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 90, 3103-3107. • 22. Mamo D, Graff A, Mizrahi R, Shammi CM, Romeyer F, Kapur S:Differential effects of aripiprazole on D2, 5-HT2, and 5-HT1A receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia: a triple tracer PET study. Am J Psychiatry 2007; 164:1411–1417 • 23. Meng,E.C. and Bourne,H.R. (2001). Receptor activation: what does the rhodopsin structure tell us? Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 22, 587-593. • 24. Neves SR, Ram PT, Iyengar R (May 2002). G protein pathways. Science (journal) 296 (5573): 1636–9. •25. Ng, G.Y.K., O'Dowd, Brian F., Lee, Samuel P., Chung, Hans T., Brann, Mark R., Seeman, P. and George, Susan R. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Volume 227, Issue 1, 3 October 1996, Pages 200-204 • 26. Palczewski,K., Kumasaka,T., Hori,T., Behnke,C.A., Motoshima,H., Fox,B.A., Le Trong,I., Teller,D.C., Okada,T., Stenkamp,R.E., Yamamoto,M., and Miyano,M. (2000). Crystal structure of rhodopsin: A G protein-coupled receptor. Science, 289, 739-745. • 27. Pauwels,P.J. and Wurch,T. (1998). Amino acid domains involved in constitutive activation of G- protein-coupled receptors - Review. Molecular Neurobiology, 17, 109-135. •28. Seeman P., Weinshenker D., Quirion R., Srivastava L.K., BhardwajS.K., Grandy D.K., Richard T. Premont, Tatyana D. Sotnikova, Patricia Boksa, Mufida El-Ghundi, Brian F. O'dowd, Susan R. George, Melissa L. Perreault, Pekka T. Mannisto, Siobhan Robinson, Richard D. Palmiter & Teresa Tallerico (March 2005). "Dopamine supersensitivity correlates with D2 High states, implying many paths to psychosis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102 (9): 3513–3518. •29. Swaminath,G., Deupi,X., Lee,T.W., Zhu,W., Thian,F.S., Kobilka,T.S., and Kobilka,B. (2005). Probing the gamma2 adrenoceptor binding site with catechol reveals differences in binding and activation by agonists and partial agonists . J. Biol. Chem., M502352200. •30. Turner,J.H., Gelasco,A.K., and Raymond,J.R. (2004). Calmodulin interacts with the third intracellular loop of the serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine(1A) receptor at two distinct sites - Putative role in receptor phosphorylation by protein kinase C. J. Biol. Chem., 279, 17027-17037. •31. Wess,J. (1998). Molecular basis of receptor/G-protein-coupling selectivity . Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 80, 231-264. •32. Wu,P.G. and Brand,L. (1994). Resonance Energy-Transfer - Methods and Applications . Analytical Biochemistry, 218, 1-13.
description
Discussion. Supports Seeman’s studies 1975 in 2005. Receptors expressed better with mutations in the first protomer with beta gamma biosensor. Receptors expressed better with mutations in the second protomer with the Alpha biosensor. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Discussion
DiscussionSupports Seeman’s studies 1975 in 2005.Receptors expressed better with mutations in the first protomer with beta gamma biosensor.Receptors expressed better with mutations in the second protomer with the Alpha biosensor.Proteins and receptors may not have been transfected properly.
Supports Seeman’s studies 1975 in 2005.Receptors expressed better with mutations in the first protomer with beta gamma biosensor.Receptors expressed better with mutations in the second protomer with the Alpha biosensor.Proteins and receptors may not have been transfected properly.
Seeman P. et.al. PNAS 2005;102:3513-3518
Figure 10: Data table from Seaman's most recent study. He treated D2 receptors with Olanzapine and observed an increase in the amount of receptors in the D2 High states.
ConclusionConclusionReceptors continued to express despite inhibitonsSupports the Dopamine hypothesis of SchizophreniaSupports Seeman’s studies in 1975 and 2005
Receptors continued to express despite inhibitonsSupports the Dopamine hypothesis of SchizophreniaSupports Seeman’s studies in 1975 and 2005
Future ResearchFuture ResearchDeletion in one of the transmembrane receptorsFACS Assay
Deletion in one of the transmembrane receptorsFACS Assay
http://www.smbs.buffalo.edu/confocal/array.jpg
References•1. Angers,S., Salahpour,A., Joly,E., Hilairet,S., Chelsky,D., Dennis,M., and Bouvier,M. (2000). Detection of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor dimerization in living cells using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97, 3684-3689.
•2. Ballesteros,J.A., Shi,L., and Javitch,J.A. (2001b). Structural mimicry in G protein-coupled receptors: Implications of the high-resolution structure of rhodopsin for structure-function analysis of rhodopsin-like receptors. Mol Pharmacol, 60, 1-19
• 3. Baneres,J.L. and Parello,J. (2003b). Structure-based analysis of GPCR unction: Evidence for a novel pentameric assembly between the dimeric leukotriene B-4 receptor BLT1 and the G-protein . Journal of Molecular Biology, 329, 815-829.
•4. Bockaert,J. and Pin,J.P. (1999). Molecular tinkering of G protein-coupled receptors: an evolutionary success . Embo Journal, 18, 1723-1729.
•5. Bouvier,M. (2001). Oligomerization of G-protein-coupled transmitter receptors. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2, 274-286.
•6. Elling,C.E., Nielsen,S.M., and Schwartz,T.W. (1995). Conversion of Antagonist-Binding Site to Metal-Ion Site in the Tachykinin Nk-1 Receptor. Nature, 374, 74-77.
•7. Farrens,D.L., Altenbach,C., Yang,K., Hubbell,W.L., and Khorana,H.G. (1996). Requirement of rigid-body motion of transmembrane helices for light activation of rhodopsin. Science, 274, 768-770.
• 8. Filipek,S., Stenkamp,R.E., Teller,D.C., and Palczewski,K. (2003). G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin: A prospectus. Annual Review of Physiology, 65, 851-879.
•9. Fredriksson,R., Lagerstrom,M.C., Lundin,L.G., and Schioth,H.B. (2003). The G-protein-coupled receptors in the human genome form five main families. Phylogenetic analysis, paralogon groups, and fingerprints. Mol Pharmacol, 63, 1256-1272.
•10. Fredriksson,R. and Schioth,H.B. (2005). The Repertoire of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Fully Sequenced Genomes. Mol Pharmacol, 67, 1414-1425.
• 11. George,S.R., O'Dowd,B.F., and Lee,S.R. (2002). G-protein-coupled receptor oligomerization and its potential for drug discovery. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 1, 808-820
• 12. Gether,U. (2000). Uncovering molecular mechanisms involved in activation of G protein-coupled receptors . Endocr Rev, 21, 90-113.
•13. Guo W., Urizar E, Kralikova M., Mobarec J.C., Shi L., Marta Filizola & Jonathan A Javitch (2008). Dopamine D2 receptors form higher order oligomers at physiological expression levels . The EMBO Journal advance online publication 31 July 2008; doi:10.1038/emboj.2008.153
• 14. Hoon, M.A., Adler,E., Lindemeier,J., Battey,J.F., Ryba,N.J.P., and Zuker,C.S. (1999). Putative mammalian taste receptors: A class of taste-specific GPCRs with distinct topographic selectivity. Cell, 96, 541-551.
• 15. Bacart J., Corbel C., Jockers R., Bach S., Couturier C.. (2008) The BRET technology and its application to screening assays. Biotechnology Journal 3:3, 311-324
•16. Jorm AF, Barney LJ, Christensen H, Highet NJ, Kelly CM, Kitch- ener BA: Research on mental health literacy: what we know and what we still need to know. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2006; 40: 3–5
•17. Kojouharova, Mihaela S., Gadjeva, Mihaela G., Tsacheva Ivanka G., Aleksandra Zlatarova, Liubka T. Roumenina, Magdalena I. Tchorbadjieva, Boris P. Atanasov, Patrick Waters, Urban, B.C., Sim, Robert B., Reid, K.B.M and Kishore, U. Mutational Analyses of the Recombinant Globular Regions of Human C1q A, B, and C Chains Suggest an Essential Role for Arginine and Histidine Residues in the C1q-IgG Interaction1. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 4351– 4358.
•1. Angers,S., Salahpour,A., Joly,E., Hilairet,S., Chelsky,D., Dennis,M., and Bouvier,M. (2000). Detection of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor dimerization in living cells using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97, 3684-3689.
•2. Ballesteros,J.A., Shi,L., and Javitch,J.A. (2001b). Structural mimicry in G protein-coupled receptors: Implications of the high-resolution structure of rhodopsin for structure-function analysis of rhodopsin-like receptors. Mol Pharmacol, 60, 1-19
• 3. Baneres,J.L. and Parello,J. (2003b). Structure-based analysis of GPCR unction: Evidence for a novel pentameric assembly between the dimeric leukotriene B-4 receptor BLT1 and the G-protein . Journal of Molecular Biology, 329, 815-829.
•4. Bockaert,J. and Pin,J.P. (1999). Molecular tinkering of G protein-coupled receptors: an evolutionary success . Embo Journal, 18, 1723-1729.
•5. Bouvier,M. (2001). Oligomerization of G-protein-coupled transmitter receptors. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2, 274-286.
•6. Elling,C.E., Nielsen,S.M., and Schwartz,T.W. (1995). Conversion of Antagonist-Binding Site to Metal-Ion Site in the Tachykinin Nk-1 Receptor. Nature, 374, 74-77.
•7. Farrens,D.L., Altenbach,C., Yang,K., Hubbell,W.L., and Khorana,H.G. (1996). Requirement of rigid-body motion of transmembrane helices for light activation of rhodopsin. Science, 274, 768-770.
• 8. Filipek,S., Stenkamp,R.E., Teller,D.C., and Palczewski,K. (2003). G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin: A prospectus. Annual Review of Physiology, 65, 851-879.
•9. Fredriksson,R., Lagerstrom,M.C., Lundin,L.G., and Schioth,H.B. (2003). The G-protein-coupled receptors in the human genome form five main families. Phylogenetic analysis, paralogon groups, and fingerprints. Mol Pharmacol, 63, 1256-1272.
•10. Fredriksson,R. and Schioth,H.B. (2005). The Repertoire of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Fully Sequenced Genomes. Mol Pharmacol, 67, 1414-1425.
• 11. George,S.R., O'Dowd,B.F., and Lee,S.R. (2002). G-protein-coupled receptor oligomerization and its potential for drug discovery. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 1, 808-820
• 12. Gether,U. (2000). Uncovering molecular mechanisms involved in activation of G protein-coupled receptors . Endocr Rev, 21, 90-113.
•13. Guo W., Urizar E, Kralikova M., Mobarec J.C., Shi L., Marta Filizola & Jonathan A Javitch (2008). Dopamine D2 receptors form higher order oligomers at physiological expression levels . The EMBO Journal advance online publication 31 July 2008; doi:10.1038/emboj.2008.153
• 14. Hoon, M.A., Adler,E., Lindemeier,J., Battey,J.F., Ryba,N.J.P., and Zuker,C.S. (1999). Putative mammalian taste receptors: A class of taste-specific GPCRs with distinct topographic selectivity. Cell, 96, 541-551.
• 15. Bacart J., Corbel C., Jockers R., Bach S., Couturier C.. (2008) The BRET technology and its application to screening assays. Biotechnology Journal 3:3, 311-324
•16. Jorm AF, Barney LJ, Christensen H, Highet NJ, Kelly CM, Kitch- ener BA: Research on mental health literacy: what we know and what we still need to know. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2006; 40: 3–5
•17. Kojouharova, Mihaela S., Gadjeva, Mihaela G., Tsacheva Ivanka G., Aleksandra Zlatarova, Liubka T. Roumenina, Magdalena I. Tchorbadjieva, Boris P. Atanasov, Patrick Waters, Urban, B.C., Sim, Robert B., Reid, K.B.M and Kishore, U. Mutational Analyses of the Recombinant Globular Regions of Human C1q A, B, and C Chains Suggest an Essential Role for Arginine and Histidine Residues in the C1q-IgG Interaction1. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 4351– 4358.
• 18. Kenakin,T. (2003). Ligand-selective receptor conformations revisited: the promise and the problem. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 24, 346-354.
•19. Kristiansen,K. (2004). Molecular mechanisms of ligand binding, signaling, and regulation within the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors: molecular modeling and mutagenesis approaches to receptor structure and function. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 103, 21-80.
• 20. Luchins, D. (1975)The Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia A Critical Analysis. Neuropsychobiology ;1:365-378
•20. Maggio,R., Vogel,Z., and Wess,J. (1993). Coexpression Studies with Mutant Muscarinic Adrenergic-Receptors Provide Evidence for Intermolecular Cross- Talk Between G-Protein-Linked Receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 90, 3103-3107.
• 22. Mamo D, Graff A, Mizrahi R, Shammi CM, Romeyer F, Kapur S:Differential effects of aripiprazole on D2, 5-HT2, and 5-HT1A receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia: a triple tracer PET study. Am J Psychiatry 2007; 164:1411–1417
• 23. Meng,E.C. and Bourne,H.R. (2001). Receptor activation: what does the rhodopsin structure tell us? Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 22, 587-593.
• 24. Neves SR, Ram PT, Iyengar R (May 2002). G protein pathways. Science (journal) 296 (5573): 1636–9.
•25. Ng, G.Y.K., O'Dowd, Brian F., Lee, Samuel P., Chung, Hans T., Brann, Mark R., Seeman, P. and George, Susan R. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Volume 227, Issue 1, 3 October 1996, Pages 200-204
• 26. Palczewski,K., Kumasaka,T., Hori,T., Behnke,C.A., Motoshima,H., Fox,B.A., Le Trong,I., Teller,D.C., Okada,T., Stenkamp,R.E., Yamamoto,M., and Miyano,M. (2000). Crystal structure of rhodopsin: A G protein-coupled receptor. Science, 289, 739-745.
• 27. Pauwels,P.J. and Wurch,T. (1998). Amino acid domains involved in constitutive activation of G-protein-coupled receptors - Review. Molecular Neurobiology, 17, 109-135.
•28. Seeman P., Weinshenker D., Quirion R., Srivastava L.K., BhardwajS.K., Grandy D.K., Richard T. Premont, Tatyana D. Sotnikova, Patricia Boksa, Mufida El-Ghundi, Brian F. O'dowd, Susan R. George, Melissa L. Perreault, Pekka T. Mannisto, Siobhan Robinson, Richard D. Palmiter & Teresa Tallerico (March 2005). "Dopamine supersensitivity correlates with D2 High states, implying many paths to psychosis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102 (9): 3513–3518.
•29. Swaminath,G., Deupi,X., Lee,T.W., Zhu,W., Thian,F.S., Kobilka,T.S., and Kobilka,B. (2005). Probing the gamma2 adrenoceptor binding site with catechol reveals differences in binding and activation by agonists and partial agonists . J. Biol. Chem., M502352200.
•30. Turner,J.H., Gelasco,A.K., and Raymond,J.R. (2004). Calmodulin interacts with the third intracellular loop of the serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine(1A) receptor at two distinct sites - Putative role in receptor phosphorylation by protein kinase C. J. Biol. Chem., 279, 17027-17037.
•31. Wess,J. (1998). Molecular basis of receptor/G-protein-coupling selectivity. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 80, 231-264.
•32. Wu,P.G. and Brand,L. (1994). Resonance Energy-Transfer - Methods and Applications. Analytical Biochemistry, 218, 1-13.
• 18. Kenakin,T. (2003). Ligand-selective receptor conformations revisited: the promise and the problem. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 24, 346-354.
•19. Kristiansen,K. (2004). Molecular mechanisms of ligand binding, signaling, and regulation within the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors: molecular modeling and mutagenesis approaches to receptor structure and function. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 103, 21-80.
• 20. Luchins, D. (1975)The Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia A Critical Analysis. Neuropsychobiology ;1:365-378
•20. Maggio,R., Vogel,Z., and Wess,J. (1993). Coexpression Studies with Mutant Muscarinic Adrenergic-Receptors Provide Evidence for Intermolecular Cross- Talk Between G-Protein-Linked Receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 90, 3103-3107.
• 22. Mamo D, Graff A, Mizrahi R, Shammi CM, Romeyer F, Kapur S:Differential effects of aripiprazole on D2, 5-HT2, and 5-HT1A receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia: a triple tracer PET study. Am J Psychiatry 2007; 164:1411–1417
• 23. Meng,E.C. and Bourne,H.R. (2001). Receptor activation: what does the rhodopsin structure tell us? Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 22, 587-593.
• 24. Neves SR, Ram PT, Iyengar R (May 2002). G protein pathways. Science (journal) 296 (5573): 1636–9.
•25. Ng, G.Y.K., O'Dowd, Brian F., Lee, Samuel P., Chung, Hans T., Brann, Mark R., Seeman, P. and George, Susan R. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Volume 227, Issue 1, 3 October 1996, Pages 200-204
• 26. Palczewski,K., Kumasaka,T., Hori,T., Behnke,C.A., Motoshima,H., Fox,B.A., Le Trong,I., Teller,D.C., Okada,T., Stenkamp,R.E., Yamamoto,M., and Miyano,M. (2000). Crystal structure of rhodopsin: A G protein-coupled receptor. Science, 289, 739-745.
• 27. Pauwels,P.J. and Wurch,T. (1998). Amino acid domains involved in constitutive activation of G-protein-coupled receptors - Review. Molecular Neurobiology, 17, 109-135.
•28. Seeman P., Weinshenker D., Quirion R., Srivastava L.K., BhardwajS.K., Grandy D.K., Richard T. Premont, Tatyana D. Sotnikova, Patricia Boksa, Mufida El-Ghundi, Brian F. O'dowd, Susan R. George, Melissa L. Perreault, Pekka T. Mannisto, Siobhan Robinson, Richard D. Palmiter & Teresa Tallerico (March 2005). "Dopamine supersensitivity correlates with D2 High states, implying many paths to psychosis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102 (9): 3513–3518.
•29. Swaminath,G., Deupi,X., Lee,T.W., Zhu,W., Thian,F.S., Kobilka,T.S., and Kobilka,B. (2005). Probing the gamma2 adrenoceptor binding site with catechol reveals differences in binding and activation by agonists and partial agonists . J. Biol. Chem., M502352200.
•30. Turner,J.H., Gelasco,A.K., and Raymond,J.R. (2004). Calmodulin interacts with the third intracellular loop of the serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine(1A) receptor at two distinct sites - Putative role in receptor phosphorylation by protein kinase C. J. Biol. Chem., 279, 17027-17037.
•31. Wess,J. (1998). Molecular basis of receptor/G-protein-coupling selectivity. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 80, 231-264.
•32. Wu,P.G. and Brand,L. (1994). Resonance Energy-Transfer - Methods and Applications. Analytical Biochemistry, 218, 1-13.
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