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Transcript of Disaster management
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
Spectrum Sensing System of Cognitive Radio Networkfor Disaster Management & Emergency Services
Kundan Kumar1 Divyang Ashwinbhai Patel1
Tushar Sharma1 Ritika Dhingra2
1Department of Electronics and Communication EngineeringJaypee University of Information technology, Waknghat, Solan-173234, India
2Department of Computer Science and Engineering & Information TechnologyJaypee University of Information technology, Waknghat, Solan-173234, India
44th Engineer Day , 2011
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
Outline
1 The Basic Problem We Have StudiedAbstractIntroduction
2 Cognitive RadioAbout Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
3 Our ResultConclusionAcknowledgement
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
15th September, Engineer Day
1 Bharat Ratna Sri MokshagundamVisweswaraya was a notable Indianengineer, scholar, and statesman
2 He was responsible for successfuldesign and construction of severalriver dams, bridges and implementingirrigation and drinking water schemesall over India
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
15th September, Engineer Day
1 Bharat Ratna Sri MokshagundamVisweswaraya was a notable Indianengineer, scholar, and statesman
2 He was responsible for successfuldesign and construction of severalriver dams, bridges and implementingirrigation and drinking water schemesall over India
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Outline
1 The Basic Problem We Have StudiedAbstractIntroduction
2 Cognitive RadioAbout Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
3 Our ResultConclusionAcknowledgement
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Abstract
In this paper, we have discussed the role of spectrum sensing systemof the cognitive radio network for the disaster management and emergencyservices. During the disaster, the failure of public networks and heavy loadon the available spectrum by different rescue and emergency services, byusing their own communication infrastructure may land-up in interference orcomplete crash of emergency communication setup.
The spectrum sensing for cognitive radio network offers the sensing ofvarious unused spectrum which is utilizable by the organisation withoutinterfering to others. Cognitive engine is capable of configuring the radioparameters to the required standards used by the various authorities duringthe disaster. It helps setting up reliable, smart and intelligent communicationinfrastructure during disaster.
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Outline
1 The Basic Problem We Have StudiedAbstractIntroduction
2 Cognitive RadioAbout Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
3 Our ResultConclusionAcknowledgement
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Introduction
1 Radios be able to operate in hostile ordisaster environments.
2 Strain on the available spectrum,efficiency important
3 Cognitive Radio is a novel approach tosolve radio spectrum scarcity
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Introduction
1 Radios be able to operate in hostile ordisaster environments.
2 Strain on the available spectrum,efficiency important
3 Cognitive Radio is a novel approach tosolve radio spectrum scarcity
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Introduction
1 Radios be able to operate in hostile ordisaster environments.
2 Strain on the available spectrum,efficiency important
3 Cognitive Radio is a novel approach tosolve radio spectrum scarcity
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Spectrum Allocation
Unallocated Spectrum3-9 KHz
ISM Bands6.78 ± 0.015 MHz13.560 ± 0.007 MHz27.12 ± 0.163 MHz40.68 ± 0.02 MHz815 ± 13 MHz2450 ± 50 MHz5.8 ± 0.075 GHz24.125 ± 0.125 GHz61.25 ± 0.250 GHz122.5 ± 0.500 GHz245 ± 1 GHz
Unlicensed1910-1930 PCS59-64 GHz unlicensed
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Spectrum Utilization
1 However, spectrum utilization is quite low.2 Concept
Have radios (or networks) identify spectrum opportunities at run-timeTransparently (to legacy systems) fill in the gaps (time, frequency, space)
3 Considered BandsISMPublic SafetyTV (UHF)
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Spectrum Utilization
1 However, spectrum utilization is quite low.2 Concept
Have radios (or networks) identify spectrum opportunities at run-timeTransparently (to legacy systems) fill in the gaps (time, frequency, space)
3 Considered BandsISMPublic SafetyTV (UHF)
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Spectrum Utilization
1 However, spectrum utilization is quite low.2 Concept
Have radios (or networks) identify spectrum opportunities at run-timeTransparently (to legacy systems) fill in the gaps (time, frequency, space)
3 Considered BandsISMPublic SafetyTV (UHF)
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Spectrum Utilization
1 However, spectrum utilization is quite low.2 Concept
Have radios (or networks) identify spectrum opportunities at run-timeTransparently (to legacy systems) fill in the gaps (time, frequency, space)
3 Considered BandsISMPublic SafetyTV (UHF)
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Spectrum Utilization
1 However, spectrum utilization is quite low.2 Concept
Have radios (or networks) identify spectrum opportunities at run-timeTransparently (to legacy systems) fill in the gaps (time, frequency, space)
3 Considered BandsISMPublic SafetyTV (UHF)
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Spectrum Utilization
1 However, spectrum utilization is quite low.2 Concept
Have radios (or networks) identify spectrum opportunities at run-timeTransparently (to legacy systems) fill in the gaps (time, frequency, space)
3 Considered BandsISMPublic SafetyTV (UHF)
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
AbstractIntroduction
Spectrum Uses
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Outline
1 The Basic Problem We Have StudiedAbstractIntroduction
2 Cognitive RadioAbout Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
3 Our ResultConclusionAcknowledgement
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Cognitive Radio
1 Cognitive implies awareness,perception, reasoning, andjudgment.
2 Radio that can change itstransmitter parameters accordingto the interactions with theenvironment in which it operates.
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Cognitive Radio
1 Cognitive implies awareness,perception, reasoning, andjudgment.
2 Radio that can change itstransmitter parameters accordingto the interactions with theenvironment in which it operates.
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Outline
1 The Basic Problem We Have StudiedAbstractIntroduction
2 Cognitive RadioAbout Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
3 Our ResultConclusionAcknowledgement
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Our Proposal
We propose the following proposition . . .1 Radios can be used intelligently2 Opitmum utilization of Spectrum in diaster3 Methods adopted for optimum utilization
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Our Proposal
We propose the following proposition . . .1 Radios can be used intelligently2 Opitmum utilization of Spectrum in diaster3 Methods adopted for optimum utilization
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Our Proposal
We propose the following proposition . . .1 Radios can be used intelligently2 Opitmum utilization of Spectrum in diaster3 Methods adopted for optimum utilization
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Scope of Cognitive Radio
CR is an enabling technology for numerous new capabilities . . .1 Dynamic spectrum access2 Spectrum markets3 Self-Organizing networks
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Scope of Cognitive Radio
CR is an enabling technology for numerous new capabilities . . .1 Dynamic spectrum access2 Spectrum markets3 Self-Organizing networks
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Scope of Cognitive Radio
CR is an enabling technology for numerous new capabilities . . .1 Dynamic spectrum access2 Spectrum markets3 Self-Organizing networks
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Outline
1 The Basic Problem We Have StudiedAbstractIntroduction
2 Cognitive RadioAbout Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
3 Our ResultConclusionAcknowledgement
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Sensing
1 DSA uses under-utilized areas ofthe frequency spectrum withoutinterfering with primary users.
2 Cognitive radios are required tofind each other first, calledrandezvous process
3 In Hostile environments, it is evenmore imperative that thisrendezvous process can beachieved quickly.
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Sensing
1 DSA uses under-utilized areas ofthe frequency spectrum withoutinterfering with primary users.
2 Cognitive radios are required tofind each other first, calledrandezvous process
3 In Hostile environments, it is evenmore imperative that thisrendezvous process can beachieved quickly.
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Sensing
1 DSA uses under-utilized areas ofthe frequency spectrum withoutinterfering with primary users.
2 Cognitive radios are required tofind each other first, calledrandezvous process
3 In Hostile environments, it is evenmore imperative that thisrendezvous process can beachieved quickly.
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Random Randezvous
Algorithm of Random Randezvous . . .1 Observe mi , the number of channels available to radio i2 while not rendezvous do3 ji = rand[0, mi )4 c = ci,ji5 attempt rendezvous on channel c6 end while
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Random Randezvous
Algorithm of Random Randezvous . . .1 Observe mi , the number of channels available to radio i2 while not rendezvous do3 ji = rand[0, mi )4 c = ci,ji5 attempt rendezvous on channel c6 end while
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Random Randezvous
Algorithm of Random Randezvous . . .1 Observe mi , the number of channels available to radio i2 while not rendezvous do3 ji = rand[0, mi )4 c = ci,ji5 attempt rendezvous on channel c6 end while
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Random Randezvous
Algorithm of Random Randezvous . . .1 Observe mi , the number of channels available to radio i2 while not rendezvous do3 ji = rand[0, mi )4 c = ci,ji5 attempt rendezvous on channel c6 end while
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Random Randezvous
Algorithm of Random Randezvous . . .1 Observe mi , the number of channels available to radio i2 while not rendezvous do3 ji = rand[0, mi )4 c = ci,ji5 attempt rendezvous on channel c6 end while
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Random Randezvous
Algorithm of Random Randezvous . . .1 Observe mi , the number of channels available to radio i2 while not rendezvous do3 ji = rand[0, mi )4 c = ci,ji5 attempt rendezvous on channel c6 end while
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Random Randezvous
Algorithm of Random Randezvous . . .1 Observe mi , the number of channels available to radio i2 while not rendezvous do3 ji = rand[0, mi )4 c = ci,ji5 attempt rendezvous on channel c6 end while
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Outline
1 The Basic Problem We Have StudiedAbstractIntroduction
2 Cognitive RadioAbout Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
3 Our ResultConclusionAcknowledgement
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Sharing
1 Game theory has applications inspectrum sharing
2 Nash Equilibrium for nonco-opearative game theory
3 Opportunistic spectrum access
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Sharing
1 Game theory has applications inspectrum sharing
2 Nash Equilibrium for nonco-opearative game theory
3 Opportunistic spectrum access
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Sharing
1 Game theory has applications inspectrum sharing
2 Nash Equilibrium for nonco-opearative game theory
3 Opportunistic spectrum access
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Outline
1 The Basic Problem We Have StudiedAbstractIntroduction
2 Cognitive RadioAbout Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
3 Our ResultConclusionAcknowledgement
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Cognitive Engine
1 CR is built upon platform calledSDR.
2 Genetic Algorithm is used forrealising cognitive radio
Evaluating behaviourAnalysis EngineMachine Learning
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Cognitive Engine
1 CR is built upon platform calledSDR.
2 Genetic Algorithm is used forrealising cognitive radio
Evaluating behaviourAnalysis EngineMachine Learning
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Cognitive Engine
1 CR is built upon platform calledSDR.
2 Genetic Algorithm is used forrealising cognitive radio
Evaluating behaviourAnalysis EngineMachine Learning
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Cognitive Engine
1 CR is built upon platform calledSDR.
2 Genetic Algorithm is used forrealising cognitive radio
Evaluating behaviourAnalysis EngineMachine Learning
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
About Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
Cognitive Engine
1 CR is built upon platform calledSDR.
2 Genetic Algorithm is used forrealising cognitive radio
Evaluating behaviourAnalysis EngineMachine Learning
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
ConclusionAcknowledgement
Outline
1 The Basic Problem We Have StudiedAbstractIntroduction
2 Cognitive RadioAbout Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
3 Our ResultConclusionAcknowledgement
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
ConclusionAcknowledgement
Conclusion
1 During disaster, most of thenetworks crashes which requirethe need to access spectrum
2 Most of the networks are licensedbut unutilize & can be used duringemergency
3 Estimate of collateral damage tothe network by disaster
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
ConclusionAcknowledgement
Conclusion
1 During disaster, most of thenetworks crashes which requirethe need to access spectrum
2 Most of the networks are licensedbut unutilize & can be used duringemergency
3 Estimate of collateral damage tothe network by disaster
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
ConclusionAcknowledgement
Conclusion
1 During disaster, most of thenetworks crashes which requirethe need to access spectrum
2 Most of the networks are licensedbut unutilize & can be used duringemergency
3 Estimate of collateral damage tothe network by disaster
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
ConclusionAcknowledgement
Outline
1 The Basic Problem We Have StudiedAbstractIntroduction
2 Cognitive RadioAbout Cognitive RadioOur ProposalSensingSharingCognitive Engine
3 Our ResultConclusionAcknowledgement
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
The Basic Problem We Have StudiedCognitive Radio
Our Result
ConclusionAcknowledgement
Acknowledgement
We like to thank Dr. Ghanshyam Singh for his extraordinary guidancethroughout our presentation.
We also wish to thank Mr. Viranjay M. Srivastava for his support and help.
Finally, we are also grateful to Mr. Salman Raju Talluri for investing hisvaluable time in helping us .
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
Appendix Refrences
Refrences I
1 S. Haykin, Cognitive radio: brain-empowered wireless communications,IEEE Journal Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 201- 220, 2005.
2 J. O. Neel, J. H. Reed, and R. P. Gilles, Convergence of cognitive radionetworks, IEEE Proc. WCNC, 2004, pp. 2250 - 2255.
3 Personal Communications: Special issue on Software Radios, Aug. 99,Vol. 6, No. 4.
4 D. E. Goldberg, Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, andMachine Learning, Reading, MA : Addison-Wesley, 1989.
5 Applications of Machine Applications of Machine Learning CognitiveRadio Networks by Charles Clancy, Department of Defence Joe Hecker,SAIC Erich Stuntebeck, Georgia Tech Tim Shea, NC State
6 Game theory for cognitive radio networks by Beibei Wang, Yongle Wu,K.J. Ray Liu
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio
Appendix Refrences
Thank You
This slide was prepared usingLATEXmarkup language
We would now acknowledgequeries from the audience
Kundan, Divyang, Tushar, Ritika Cognitive Radio