Diploid
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Transcript of Diploid
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Diploid
• Part of speech: Adjective• Definition: containing two complete sets of
paired chromosomes (twice the amount of a haploid cell)
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Haploid
• Part of Speech: adjective• Definition: having only a SINGLE set of
unpaired chromosomes. (Half of the amount of a diploid cell)
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Chromatin• Noun• Definition: The mass of genetic material
composed of DNA and proteins that condense to form chromosomes during eukaryotic cell division. Located in the nucleus.
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Chromatid• Noun• Definition: Each of the two daughter strands
of a replicated chromosome that are joined by a single centromere and separated during cell division to become individual chromosomes.
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Daughter cells• Nouns• A cell formed by the division or budding of
another cell. Genetically identical to the parent cell.
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Cell Plate
• Noun• A plate that develops at the midpoint between
two groups of chromosomes in a dividing plant cell. Forms the cell wall.
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Osmosis• Noun• The movement of a liquid (water) through a
semipermeable membrane to equalize solvent and solute concentrations. Water moves in the direction of the high concentration of solute. “Salt Sucks”
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Diffusion
• Noun• The process by which molecules spread from
areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
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Concentration gradient• Noun• The difference between the concentrations in
a space. Molecules will always move down the concentration gradient toward areas that are less concentrated.
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Passive transport
• Noun• The movement of a molecule across a cell
membrane without expenditure of energy required. Ex. Diffusion and osmosis
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Active transport
• Noun• The movement of a molecule through a
concentration gradient in the opposite direction to normal diffusion, requiring the input of energy (ATP). (angry kid back into the room)
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Bacteria• Noun• Microscopic living prokaryotic (no membrane
bound nucleus) organisms. Usually one-celled. Can be spherical, spiral, or rod-shaped.
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Protists
• Noun• Eukaryotes that are usually one-celled
organisms.
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Microorganism
• Noun• Any organism of microscopic size especially
bacteria, archaea, fungi and protists.