Digitel - LAN & Topology(Networking Basic)

8/10/2019 Digitel - LAN & Topology(Networking Basic)

1/31


2/31

Objectives

At the end of this module, participants should beable to:

Enumerate the different parts of a data network. Explain the functions of each component. Connect/assemble a simple office data network.


3/31

LAN Benefits

Resource Sharing with local area network, workers share accessto peripherals such as printers, platters, fax, disk storage, etc.


4/31

LAN Benefits

rograms !"# is the reason wh$ we can send e%mail, participantsin netmeeting or share calendar.

&ou can install $our office softwares through a network installer.


5/31

LAN Benefits

rocessing ower an authori'ed person can ha(eaccess from his computer a location of database andprocess data remotel$.

)t increases the manpower producti(it$ as compared to

stand%alone machine

LAN


6/31

LAN Benefits

E%mail programs can transfer word processing documents toanother person*s Computer


7/31

Bus Topology

+us topolog$ is a method of connecti(it$ wherecomputers use a single cable all throughout the network.

" single cable runs through all computers.


8/31

Bus Topology

"d(antages ne cable connects computer%to%computer. -ses %Connectors at the back to allow the cable to run to the next

computer

isad(antages he entire network shuts down if there is a break in the cable Re0uire less cable length than a star topolog$. erminators are re0uired at both ends of the backbone cable. ifficult to identif$ the problem if the entire network shuts down. #ot meant to be used as a stand%alone solution in a large building.


9/31

Star Topology

Star topolog$ is designed with each node 1file ser(er,workstation, peripheral2 connected directl$ to a centralhub or concentrator.


10/31

Star Topology

"d(antages Eas$ to install and wire. #o disruptions to the network when connecting or

remo(ing de(ices. Eas$ to detect faults and remo(e parts.

isad(antages Re0uires more cable length than a linear topolog$. )f the hub or concentrator fails, nodes attached are

disabled. 3ore expensi(e than linear bus because of the cost of

the concentrator.


11/31

Tree Topology

ree topolog$ combines characteristics of linear bus and startopologies.

)t consists of star%configured workstations connected to a linear busbackbone cable.


12/31

Tree Topology

"d(antages oint%to% oint wiring for indi(idual segments. Supported b$ se(eral de(ice and software (endors.

isad(antages (erall length each segment is limited b$ the t$pe of

cabling used. )f the backbone line breaks, the entire segment goes

down. 3ore difficult to configure and wire than other topologies.


13/31

Star-Wired Ring Topology

Star%wired ring topolog$ ma$ appear 1externall$2 to bethe same as a star topolog$.

)nternall$, the 3"- 13ultistation "ccess -nit2 of a star%wired ring contains wiring that allows information to pass

from one de(ice to another in a circle or ring.


14/31

est

4. Resource sharing is the primar$ benefits of data networking.lease gi(e an example.

"ns5 rocessing power

6. " topolog$ that uses a single cable throughout the network. "ns5 +us opolog$

7. " topolog$ that allows $ou to connect or remo(e workstations w/odisruption. "ns5Star opolog$

8. )t passes information from computer to computer before reachingthe destination. "ns5 oken% assing

9. " topolog$ that*s eas$ to install. "ns5 Star opolog$


15/31

Media Access ontrol !rotocol

3edia "ccess Control is a protocol that establishes rules for sendingand recei(ing messages o(er the network cabling. +elow is thedefinition of a protocol.


16/31

!rotocol

rotocol it is a set of rules that go(erns thecommunications between computers on a network.

hese rules include guidelines that regulate the followingcharacteristics of a network such as5 "llowed ph$sical topolog$ $pes of cabling Speed of data transfer


17/31

"t#ernet MA

Ethernet was one of the first !"# 3"C protocols. )t uses a techni0ue known as broadcasting or carrier sense multiple

access/collision detection 1CS3"/C 2 to transmit messages. " message is broadcast down the cabling pipe that connects the computers . "ll of the !"# stations hear the message, but onl$ the addressee

responds.


18/31

"t#ernet

"d(antages Speed is fast from 4: 3bps, 4:: 3bps to 4;bps. Supports coaxial, - and fiber optic cables. Each station has e0ual access to the cable. Supports a (ariet$ of !"# applications.

isad(antages


19/31

To$en-!assing MA

oken passing is a 3"C protocol that uses a =token> to passmessages.

" token is an electronic flag that carries a frame of data. he token is passed from computer to computer.


20/31

To$en-!assing

"d(antages Can use fiber optic cabling for high speeds. E0ual access to all users. Can handle man$ users.

3essages do not collide.

isad(antages Computer must wait for the token before sending, a dela$ which can

be long in large rings. " token can be lost.


21/31

LAN o%ponents

4. #etwork "dapter 6. #etwork 3edia

4. wisted air 6. Coaxial7. ?iber 8.


22/31

Net&or$ Adapter

#etwork interface card 1#)C2 is also referred to as !"# adapter. !"# adapters are installed in each networked computer and in the

ser(er. he !"# adapter mo(es data to and from the random access

memor$ 1R"32 to the network cabling.


23/31

T&isted !air

- is an unshielded twisted pairs of wires inside an insulatingouter @acket.

Each pair is twisted with a different number of twists per inch.


24/31

R'() onnector

)t uses RA89 connector which is determined b$ the !"#adapter.


25/31

ST! *S#ielded T&isted !air+

S shielded twisted pair 1S 2 wire encases the twisted pairs in a foilwrap and then in a wo(en copper braid.

he foil wrap and copper braid gi(e S more shielding protection whichreduces electrical noise.

)t uses %Shell connectors. )+3 has successfull$ marketed a wiringusing S fro their oken Ring installations .


26/31

oa,ial able

Coaxial cable is used for because it pro(ides high speeds and lowerror rates.

he coaxial cable consists of a solid copper inner core surrounded b$insulation and copper braid shielding. he shielding protects againstelectrical noise.

Coaxial comes in two (ersions5 thin and thick coaxial. Coaxial cables terminate in +#C 1+ritish #ational Connector2

connectors. ;ood 0ualit$ connectors are plated with sil(er, rather than tin.


27/31

iber Optic able

?iber optic cable used not onl$ in S but also for !"#s. ? cables use light pulses to carr$ data. he light source is either a

laser or a light%emitting diode 1!E 2. he light signals are not affected b$ electrical noise. he most common connector used with fiber optic cable is an S

connector. " newer connector, the SC, is becoming more popular.


28/31

Wireless LAN


29/31

oncentrator *.ub+

ata networking re0uires a network concentrator which is thead@oining point of network cables.


30/31

oncentrator *.ub+

Bubs work at the ph$sical la$er 1la$er 42 of the S) model, and theterm layer 1 switch is often used interchangeabl$ with hub.

" network hub or repeater, is a fairl$ unsophisticated broadcastde(ice.

Bubs do not manage an$ of the traffic that comes through them, andan$ packet entering an$ port is broadcast out on e(er$ other port1other than the port of entr$2.


31/31

est

)t sets the rules in sending and recei(ing of messages o(er thenetwork cabling. 3edia "ccess Control rotocol

" 3"C protocol that uses carrier%sense multiple access/collisiondetection techni0ue. Ethernet

Digitel - LAN & Topology(Networking Basic)

Documents

Transcript of Digitel - LAN & Topology(Networking Basic)