Digital.radiography Potential.applications.&.Benefits

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��We Must! Copyright © 2012 TNB ResearchCopyright © 2012 TNB Research

Digital Radiography: Potential Applications & Benefits

10 August 2012

Saiful Adilin ShokriMaterials Engineering Group / CTO

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Slide No. 2Slide No. 2

Outline

� Introduction� Fundamentals of radiography� Development of radiography for industrial applications� Digital radiography

• Definition• Comparative assessment

� Applications in power plant• Current technology deployment• Case study – high voltage cable joint• Potential applications - DDA

� Conclusion� References

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Introduction

Radiography –Image forming technique

Radiation Source

Object under test

Radiographic x-ray film

Film processor

Film archiving

Dryers

Viewing & reporting

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IntroductionWorking principle

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Development of radiography for industrial applications• Basic procedure remained unchanged• Source & imaging (detector) has evolved considerably• Adapted from medical applications

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AnalogDigital

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Definition

• Digital Radiography - The technique of producing images of objects by electronically detecting the arrival of x-ray photons transmitted through the object or emitted from it on various media, such as thin films of rare-earth elements, and converting the sensed analog signals to digital signals representing the intensity of x-ray photons at each position. [McGraw-Hill]

Direct Radiography

(DR)

Computed Radiography (CR)

• Portable Computed Tomography

• X-Ray Back Scatter Technique (BS RT)

• Dual Energy Technique

• etc.

DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY

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Comparison

Conventional Radiography Digital Radiography

•Detector •Uses silver halide films. •Uses imaging plates / digital detectors.

•Image processing

•Image is determined by the film itself and the chemicals.

•Image processing takes place in a computer.

•Retakes •Less number of retakes

•Radiation •Less radiation exposure

•Speed •Slow •Faster

•Image quality •Higher resolution •Lower resolution

•Cost •Relatively lower, high cost on consumables (films, chemicals, etc.)

•Initial cost for equipments very high, low cost on consumables

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Applications in Power Plant – Current Status

•Condition/corrosion monitoring•Valve inspection

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Wall thickness analysis

Applications in Power Plant – Current Status

Weld inspection

Turbine blade inspection

Turbine blade Void analysis

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Case Study –Computed Radiography on 11kV cable joint

A B C D E

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Case Study –Computed Radiography on 11kV cable joint (2)

A B C D E

A B C D E

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voids

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Lead InnerCasing

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Potential Applications in Power Plant

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DDA – Application Example

• Oil and gas downstream inspection of valves.• Utilizing both computed radiography and a DDA.• The image quality results were similar or improved utilizing the

DDA, but the exposure time results were remarkably reduced.

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DDA – Application Example (2)

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•Weld inspection – defects visibilities.

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Conclusion

• Film radiography is still in use in many industries due to their high spatial resolution needed to detect very small defects. However, new generation of digital detectors become more and more competitive to film radiography, they give similar film performance and defect sensitivity for many application.

• Benefits of Digital Radiography:– Significant reduce in test and interpretation time.– Environmentally friendlier & safer: less radiation & no chemicals and

dangerous waste.– Ability to use digital image processing like filter, zoom, measurement.– Easier image processing, storage & retrieval.– Higher cost savings on consumables, dark room maintenance &

storage.

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References

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Thank you

Contact:Saiful Adilin Shokri Researcher (Materials Engineering Group)TNB Research Sdn. Bhd.No.1, Lorong Ayer ItamKawasan Institusi Penyelidikan43000 KajangSelangor

Email: [email protected]: +603-8922 5129 Fax: +603-8922 8828/29

Digital.radiography Potential.applications.&.Benefits

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