Digital Transformation in Digital Economy

Shahryar Muhammad KhanITU Expert

International Telecommunication UnionRegional Office for Asia and the Pacific

6 -10 July 2019 Tehran, I.R. Iran.

Role of Emerging Technologies in Digital Transformation

2

Agenda

What is Digital Transformation

Kodak Case study

Fourth Industrial Revolution (AI, Blockchain, AR, IoT)

Role of Emerging technologies in Education, Health, Disaster

Management and Agriculture

Conclusions

Every Enterprise now faces a choice between

Digital Transformation

• Involves Redefining your entire Business Strategy.

• To Succeed in Digital your should think in technology not just as a support function but as a strategic competency.

• Not just about applying technology to your business, it’s actually about entirely new business model.

INNOVATION EXTINCTION

Digital Transformation

Kodak Case Study

• Do not have a lot of natural resources so they have to focus on human capital

• R&D budget is 5% of the GDP which is one of the highest in the world

• 21st century education with focus on digital skills

• R.O. Korea is taking the lead on core technologies of the 4th industrial revolution

• Government support for Technology Entrepreneurship

• R.O. Korea is home to Samsung and LG

• Fast and Ubiquitous internet connectivity

R.O. Korea Digital Transformation

Emerging Technologies

4th Industrial revolution or Industry 4.0

Artificial Intelligence

AI for Good

• AI for Good is a United Nations platform that fosters dialog on the beneficial users of AI to solve challenging economic and social problems

• ITU holds a global symposium where they bring together different stakeholders

• At Stanford University, researchers are using AI to analyze satellite images to identify which areas have the highest poverty level

Augmented Reality / Virtual Reality

Internet of Things (IoT)

WHAT IS BLOCKCHAIN

Distributed architecture

Decentralized Ledger

Immutable and apend only database

Use cryptography and Consensus algorithm to

maintain data integrity

GOOGLE DOCS

METAPHOR

Distributed across multiple nodes its called Open

Ledger

WHY BLOCKCHAIN

Commoditization of TRUST

Fills the TRUST gap

Irrefutable and transparency

Non-repudiation

APPLICATIONS OF

BLOCKCHAIN

Supply Chain

Management

Identity

Management

Crypto

Currencies/

Payments

Voting

FITS Model

CRYPTO

CURRENCIES

DIGITAL WALLETS

Used to securely store crypto currency

Transfer & receive of crypto currency

Mostly ERC-20 compliant

SMART CONTRACTS

Similar to real world contracts

Machine readable

Removing Middlemen

Smart contracts are executed when certain

conditions are met

Education• Today’s generation are “Digital Natives”

• They have a short attention span (6-8 min)

• Prefer Rich, Engaging, Multimedia content

• Love to learn on the go, Anytime anywhere

Education

Augmented Reality in Education

Importance of STEAM Education

• Science

• Technology

• Engineering

• Arts

• Mathematics

Health• In 2012 ITU and WHO started an initiative Be He@lthy be Mobile• 60% people globally die due to non-communicable diseases that can be prevented• How AI can be used in Medical Diagnosis

•Diagnosing Diabetic Retinopathy • Diabetic Retinopathy is the fastest growing cause of preventable

blindness globally

• Normally diagnosed by highly trained specialist

•Disaster Management• ICT play a significant role in highlighting risk areas, vulnerabilities and

potentially affected population by producing geographically referenced analysis through Geographic information system (GIS).

• The first and most important step is the restoration of communication

• The next step is disaster relief

Frequency of Natural Disasters

•Agriculture:• Farmers in the developing countries, through smartphone can easily

access the national and international market.

• There are also smartphone apps which gives information about your crops and irrigation system remotely.

• In livestock farming, cattle-breeding now includes scientific cross breeding techniques that produce cattle with great improved fertility.

E-agriculture:

Global Positioning System (GPS):

• In agriculture, the use of GPS provides benefit in geo-fencing, map making, and surveying.

• GPS price dropped over the years, making it more popular for civilian use.

• In Kenya, the solution to prevent an elephant bull from destroying crops was to with a device that send a text message when it cross the geo-fence and the authorized are alerted whenever it is near the farm.

Geographic information system (GIS):

• GIS are extensively used in agriculture, especially in precision farming.

• Land is mapped digitally, and pertinent geodetic such as topography and contours are combined with other statistical data for easier analysis of the soil.

• GIS is used in decision making such as what to plant and where to plant using historical data and sampling.

• Agricultural drones:

• Agricultural drones are drones applied to farming in order to help increase crop production and monitor crop growth.

• Through the use advanced sensors and digital imaging, farmers are able to use these drones to help them gather a richer picture of their field.

• Information gathered from such source may prove useful in improving crop yields and farm efficiency.

IoT in agriculture - Cowlar

Big Data Analytics in agriculture

E-agriculture

Conclusion

• By adopting cutting edge technologies countries can leapfrog the innovation ladder

• Emerging technologies can help us in achieving UN SDGs

• Should AI be regulated ?

Thank You

UN Sustainable Development Goals

Emerging Technologies

• How can AI be use to achieve No Poverty, Zero Hunger, Good Health

• How can AR/VR be used for Quality Education

• How IoT can be used for Sustainable Cities and Communities