Digital Isolation Techniques

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Circuit Isolation Techniques

& TI Isolation Technology

Presented By: Saleem MarwatBusiness Development Manager

Isolation Products

Industrial Interace



!genda

Technical Review Markets and Applications

Competitive Advantages

Product Portfolio Q&A



Technical "eview



Temperature

The "eal#orld

Pressure

Position

Speed

$low

%umidity

Soundight

I S ' & ! T I ' (

PC

C

DSP

DI)IT!

I(T*I)*(C*

!DC

T"!(SC*I+*"S

"S,-./0 C!(

Signal Isolation



#hat is Isolation 1

Galvanic isolation:

Although Circuit and Circuit ! e"change signals# no current$electrons% pass from Circuit to Circuit !

'h( is isolation re)uired in electrical s(stems*

+reak ground loops

Reduce common mode noise

,afet( from high voltages

Circuit 2 Circuit 3Signals

+oltage supply 2 +oltage supply 3

)round 2 )round 3



Isolation Beneits

24 *lectrical Installation can cause large

)PDs 5ground potential dierence4

6etween two remote nodes7

34 ! direct ground connection 6etween the

nodes closes the ground loop7

84 (oise sources 5i7e7 electric motors4

inducing large currents into the ground

modulate the ground loop current7

-4 This ground noise then appears in the

signal path7

24 !n isolator 6rea9s the ground loop

thus removing signal path noise7

34 The )PD yet still e;ists and the

isolator must 6e ro6ust enough to

withstand the large voltagedierences7



#hy Isolate11 , 'ther reasons

IS'<3-2!-PA...

/ , - ADS1255

24-Bit

Data

TMP2=2

TM,.!0 1!203,P

with CA4Controller

C!(

Sensor

$an

DSP

!mp

+C3)=>

DSP

23= ?

Motor

-.=+

S(</-<<

/,-

C!(

/ , -

!mp

!mp

/,-

IS'<33=M

IS'<332CIS'<332C

S(>/%+D388

/ , -

IS'<32

23= ?

S(>/%+D388

)roup loopisolation

Bloc9 %igh+oltage

(oiseisolation

23=+



Data IsolationCommon,Mode Transient *vent

,ignals referenced

to G43!

CMTI @ The change in ground 2 relative ground 37 Measured in 9+ 0 ASec7



ey methods o Isolation

5wald Georg von 6leistinvented the first recorded

capacitor 789

Michael 1arada(

demonstrated the

transformer principle in 2.

Zarlink Invented the

opto-coupler (1968)'thersSound "$ light

Mechanical etc



Isolation Techniques 5Its all capacitive4

All isolated couplers are capacitive coupled $active or parasitic%

C/- for an( t(pe is compara;le

Capacitive

IS'<3E

Inductive

!DuM2;;

)M"

I<;

'ptical

%CP,=<;;

CI' 2 p$ 2 p$ 272 p$ =7> p$

Isolation

Dielectric

Si'3 Polyimide Polyimide Mold compound

Capacitive -pticalGMR/nductive

,ource: T/ App note ,<<A=2 www7ti7com0iso<32

$Click on a;ove link for we; info%

http://www.ti.com/iso721




“ Burr Brown Announces Industry-irst Isolated !i"ital #oupler $sin" #apacitive

Barrier %echnolo"y&'

Article ro* Business +ire !ated* Au"ust 19, 1998

Technical /nnovation ;( T/ with regard to capacitive isolation technolog( improvements

is impressive>>

Coplanar

Capacitor

Technolog(

Some %istory



%ow are they constructed1

Transmit , Chip "eceiver , Chip

%+,Cap

Top plate F Al

Bottom Plate F Silicon Su6strate 5doped4

Inter evel Dielectric

5Tons o Si'24

Mold compoundBond wire

Min 2- m

%igh +oltage Capacitor Detail



Internal Construction

IS'<3;: Integrated at process level

'ptical: Isolation unctionality added at pac9age level !DuM22==: Integrated at process level



%ow do they wor91

The $ channel assures correct output signal polarity during loss o input signal 5i7e7 wire,6rea94

%$ and $ channels use dierential signaling or high noise immunity

In the new architecture all signal transitions go through the %igh,$requency Channel7



%igh,$requency Channelor a /=:/= duty cycle



Between A and D, the LF-channel works

in the same way the HF channel does.

he only di!!erences are the "#lse-widthmod#lation at the $e%innin% and the

demod#lation at the end.

ow,$requency Channel



Terminology

#or9ing or 'perating +oltage 5+p94:

+oltage that may 6e applied continuously across the Isolation 6arrier mostly />=+p9 or .G=+p9

Isolation or Transient +oltage 5+rms4:

+oltage that may occur temporarily across the 6arrier tested or 2 minute during qualiication or e;ample -9+p9 &>9+p9 per +D* or 37/9+rms & / 9+rms per H

Basic or $unctional Isolation:

, assumes a single level of isolation o certain strength

, is applica6le or most industrial applications and !C,equipment -==+rms and or consumer electronics7

, is mostly rated at />=+p9 continuous -9+p9 transient voltage7

"einorced Isolation:, assumes a single level of isolation providing the same relia;ilit( as a two?la(er isolation7

, is applica6le or most medical applications and !C,equipment J -==+rms7

, or component,level reinorced rating +D* requires 2= 9+p9 surge voltage7

Common Mode Transient Immunity:

CMTI is the quic9 change in "eerence potential rom primary to secondary7 Its given as the d+0dt up to

which no alse toggling o the output will occur 5e7g7 8/9+0us47 Hsually scales linearly with +cc7

Partial Discharge 5PD4:, Is a localiKed dielectric 6rea9down o a small portion o an insulation system under high voltage stress whichdoes not 6ridge the space 6etween two conductors7

, It is measured in pico,coulom6s using L!pparent Charge method7 2== units are production,tested or PD7

, *po;y is more suscepti6le to partial discharge due to voidsN Si'3 is much more resilient7



Creepage and Clearance

Pac9age0 designation Creepage mm Clearance mm

(arrow 6ody S'IC0 D -78 -7.

)ull wing 0 DHB >7. >72

#ide 6ody S'IC0 D# .72 .78-

Creepage distance: ,hortest distance

;etween two conductive leads# across

isolation ;arrier# measured along surface

of insulation

Clearance distance: ,hortest distance

;etween two conductive leads # across

isolation ;arrier# measured through air

$line of sight%

3iscusses the surface?distance that ma( conduct if wet@polluted# respectivel( the air?

distance 1or 90B@8kB mostl( 9mm is sufficient# for 2=0B@kB mostl( 2mm is needed

3epends on pollution degree



Discovery Ouestions

to allow educated solution,proposals

27 Isolation strength:6asic0reinorced1

37 Isolation voltage:

-9+pea9 />=+p9 continuous1

>9+pea9 .G=+p9 continuous1

87 Stand,alone isolation or integration 5Transceiver

)ate,Driver Data,Converter41

-7 Supply +oltages1

/7 Channel,count & channel direction1

>7 #hat is the transient immunity requirement1 5CMTI4



Mar9ets0!pplications



Primar( Task:

/solation ;etween igh?Power and Control ,ignals

/solation of +us?4odes to prevent Corruption

of the complete +us & Common Mode ReDection

Industrial:

Ro;otics P<C input@output isolation

/ndustrial networks

Motor control

Power supplies

!pplications utiliKing Isolation




Communications:

P+E $Private +ranch 5"change%and central office

Telephone terminal e)uipment

Telephone switching e)uipment

Modems

/,34

5thernet @ Po5

Medical:

Microwave therap( Patient monitoring

5lectrocardiographs

3efi;rillators

Primar( Task:

Medical:

/solation ;etween Power and Patient

Communications:

/solation ;etween Power and Caller

/solation of +us?4odes to prevent

Corruption of the complete +us



Consumer *lectronics:

Bideo $TB# BCR# etc% Plasma displa(s

5lectronic gaming

ome appliances

Computers & 'ice *quipment

/solated /@- Printers and plotters

1a" machines

Primar( Task:

/solation ;etween igh?Power and Fser


http://news.thomasnet.com/images/large/2004/03/31377.jpg



Competitive !nalysis



Specs and "elia6ility Comparison

-pto

$Avago%

Magnetic

$A3/%

Capacitive

$,i <a;s%

Capacitive

$T/%

Ma" 3ata Rate $M;ps% 90 90 90 90T(p Power Consumed@Ch !9M;ps & ..B $mA% .8 !7 !

Ma" Propagation 3ela( Time $ns% !! .! . !

Pulse 'idth 3istortion $ns% ! ! 89 9

Channel?to?Channel skew $ns% !0 !9

Part?to?Part ,kew $ns% !0 0 89 !

5,3 on all Pins $kB% H ! H ! H 8 H 8

Minimum CM Transient /mmunit( $kB@us% !0 !9 !9 !9

Temperature Range $oC% ?89!9 ?80!9 ?80!9 ?80!9

MT+1 !9oC# =0I Confidence $rs% =!5J08

.75J07

? 95J0=

1/T !9oC# =0I Confidence $per 5J0= hrs% 8.= .99 ? 0

Radiated 5lectromagnetic?1ield /mmunit(

&'()1***-4-+ *H/-1***H/0

&L-SD 4)1' S1*+ +*H/-1***H/0

?

?

1ailsK

1ailsK

1ailsK

1ailsK

Complies

Complies

igh?Boltage <ifetime 5"pectanc( $(rs% ? L 0 0K !2K 3evices passed the minimum criteria set ;( some standards ,ee details later in the presentation



Competitive !nalysis @ ICC2

T/ /solators have e"cellent power consumption throughout its operating range 3ata shown a;ove is taken in the la; on the same setup to ensure apples?to?

apples comparison



Competitive !nalysis @ ICC3

T/ /solators have e"cellent power consumption throughout its operating range 3ata shown a;ove is taken in the la; on the same setup to ensure apples?to?

apples comparison



Competitive !nalysis @ Propagation Delay

T/ has isolators with ver( fast propagation dela(s $M?grade% and devices with

integrated input noise filters $C?grade% 3ata shown a;ove is taken in the la; on the same setup to ensure apples?to?

apples comparison



Dielectric Materials Hsed or Isolation

Si'3: IS'<3; Typical B+ is 2=== +pea90um

/norganic

ighl( ,ta;le $over temperature# moisture# time%# high )ualit(Fsed e"tensivel( and for long time as dielectric in semiconductor

$low defect rates%

3eposited in a controlled semiconductor process

Polyimide: !DI Transormer core Typical B+ is 3/= +pea90um

-rganicRetains moisture N affects lifetime especiall( at high voltages

Fsed in semiconductor mainl( for stress relief & now as isolation;arrier

*po;y: 'pto,couplers: Typical B+ is /= +pea90um

Fses filler materials<eak( $higher partial discharge%

Applied at packaging as mold compound

Boids and anomalies are common



%igh +oltage ietime @ TDDB

5time dependent dielectric 6rea9down4



%igh +oltage ietime

Temperature and +oltage *ect



,ource:

TI: !pp note S!2G< www7ti7com0iso<32

!vago: !pp note !(2=<- www7avagotech7com

!DI: Mar9eting collateral

Competitive Comparison

%igh +oltage ietime20* or Best $it Curve Model


http://www.avagotech.com/







%igh +oltage ietimeHsing widely accepted *,Model methodology

!DHM22==

IS'<3;

IS'<3;: ie e;pectancy is 3. years at

/>=+pea9 or -==+rms

Competition: ie e;pectancy 2= years

$ail,'P*( vs $ail,S%'"T Myth



$ail 'P*( vs7 $ail S%'"T Myth A<< dielectric ;arriers fail?,-RT when a sufficientl( large ;reakdown voltage is applied

'PT',C'HP*" 5%CP,=<324

M!)(*TIC,C'HP*" 5!DuM23==!"Q4

$ail,'P*( vs7 $ail,S%'"T Myth 5cont74



$ail 'P*( vs7 $ail S%'"T Myth 5cont74

3etailed 1ailure Anal(sis report is availa;le upon re)uest

C!P!CITI+*,C'HP*" 5IS'<-32D4



*,ield immunity Test "eport

*(//=33 Class B "adiations Testing



2M6ps: Comparison o "adiated (oise Spectrum @ !ntenna %oriKontal

!DuM23=2: 2M6psoperation R /+ +cc

IS'<332: 2M6ps

operation R /+ +cc

*(//=33 Class B "adiations Testing

*(//=33 Class B "adiation Testing



3/M6ps: Comparison o "adiated (oise Spectrum @ !ntenna %oriKontal

!DuM23=2: 3/M6psoperation R /+ +cc

IS'<332: 3/M6ps

operation R /+ +cc

*(//=33 Class B "adiation Testing

* i ld T t " t



AD& AD&

&solator &solator

&&

&solator &solator

*,ield suscepti6ility Test "eport

* i ld T t " t



Si La$sSi La$s

&solator &solator

& &solator & &solator

*,ield suscepti6ility Test "eport





Magnetic Immunity

/5C 000?8?2

6O 1ield 1re)uenc(0 " higher /mmunit( than A3/



Product Portolio

Di it l I t I l ti P t li



Digital Interace Isolation , Portolio

Single Channel Signal Isolators:



Single Channel Signal Isolators:

IS'<3; 8000Bpeak /solation

90Bpeak continuous

,ignaling Rate -ptions$/,-7!@!: 00M;ps# /,-7!@!M: 90 M;ps%

F< 977# /5C 0787?9?! $B35 0228# Rev !%#

/5C 00? and C,A Approved

..B@9B -peration $an( com;ination%

!9 kB@s Transient /mmunit( and

igh 5lectromagnetic /mmunit( 1ailsafe -utput and igh /mpedance at /nput and -utput with

<ow Bcc



Multi,Channel Stand,alone Isolators: Duals

" designates speed option: A M;ps + 9M;ps C !9M;ps M

90M;ps

Multi Channel Stand alone Isolators: Duals



Multi,Channel Stand,alone Isolators: Duals

@ ow Power

" designates

,peed option: 5 90M;ps &

3efault -utput: 1 <ow# 4o letter igh

Multi Channel Stand alone Isolators:



Multi,Channel Stand,alone Isolators:

Triples

" designates speed option: A M;ps C !9M;ps M 90M;ps

All in 3' package

" "





Ouad,channel

" designates speed option: A M;ps C !9M;ps M 90M;ps

All in 3' package

; ; ;

Isolated -./ Transceivers



Isolated -./ Transceivers

/,-.02"# /,-"# /,-." S,tandard R,?829

..B and 9B

half?duple" and full?duple"

$U7 and U20 configuration%

M;ps and !9M;ps

no /,-35 output

/,-7 : /solated Profi+us 9B

half?duple" !9M;ps optimiOed for Profi;us?Applications /,-35 availa;le

Isolated C!( Transceiver



Isolated C!( Transceiver

IS'2=/=

9B CA4 transceiver

/,-2=2 compliant

..B@9B isolated logic interface

igh 5M /mmunit(

9kB@us transient immunit(

+us fault protection of ?!7B to 80B

3ominant timeout function

Thermal ,hutdown protection

igh /nput impedance with low Bcc

M;ps

IS' "S -./ with Transormer Driver



IS' "S,-./ with Transormer Driver

Part Duple; $unction Speed Pac9age

IS'22<>T %al Proi6us -=M6ps S'IC,2> 5D#4

IS'8/T $ull 8+"S-./

2M6ps S'IC,2> 5D#4

IS'8=.>T $ull /+"S-./

3=M6ps S'IC,2> 5D#4

IS'//==



IS'//==Isolated I)BT Driver with integrated saety eatures

Silicon Integrated Si'3 Dielectric Capacitor D*S!T protection , ault eed6ac9 sot turno H+'

3==ns typ7 prop delay 2=ns ma; pulse s9ew -+ *SD on !ll Pins 878+ and /+ +cc2 Supported *;tended Temp "ange: ,-=oC to 23/oC >===+p9 Transient 0 23==+p9 #or9ing voltage , #ide S'IC Pac9ages , H2/<< I*C >=<-<,/,3 I*C >2=2=,2 & CS!

Industrial Motor Control Industrial Power Supplies0 Inverters %*+ & *+ power modules

Proven "elia6ility o Si'3 Dielectric, ie Span J 3/ years

Improved saety & system perormance $ast switching times %igh "elia6ility in %arsh *nvironments $le;i6ility with Power Supplies ena6ling low

power application Certiied 6y all 8 #orld #ide agencies

*

+

M IS' *+M , IS'//==

S(>/=2 Transormer Driver or Isolated



S(>/=2 @ Transormer Driver or Isolated

Power Supplies

Transormer Driver or Small 23+,As Transormers Single 878+ or /+ Supply %igh Primary Side Current Drive:

8/= m! ma; 5/+ Supply4 2/= m! ma; 5878+ Supply4

*;tremely low ICC

8== u! typ 5/+ Supply4

2/= u! typ 5878+ Supply4 ow "ipple Permits Small 'utput Capacitors Small /,pin S'T,38 537Gmm ; 37.mm4 Pac9age

Isolated Interace Power Supply

or C!( "S,-./ "S,-33 "S,383

SPI I3C ow,Power !( Industrial !utomation Process Control Medical *quipment

Suita6le or vast variety o applications *ase o Isolated Power Design Provides power to more than one component Power eicient solution %igh quality yet cheaper solution cost Smaller 6oard siKe compared to competing

solutions

"eleased

IS'2/-= 0 IS'2/-2



S' / = 0 S' /- 9+P ow,Power Bidirectional I3C Isolators

Bidirectional I3C Communication Hni, & Bidirectional Cloc9 'ptions $ast Mode Plus 52 M6ps4 'peration 8,+ to /7/,+ 'peration /= 9+0

s Typical Transient Immunity

-=== +P +D* Isolation "ating

I*C H 2/<< CS! certiications . 9+ *SD Protection on Bus Pins

*;tended Temp "ange ,-=C to 23/C .,pin (arrow,6ody S'IC pac9age

Isolated I3C SMBus PMBus Interaces 'pen,drain (etwor9 Interaces

Power 'ver *thernet Power Supplies Battery Management Motor Control Systems evel Shiting and %ot Swap !pps

"educes Cost and Board Space

Single & Multi,Master !pplications Hsa6le in +ast MaUority o !pplications *ase o Hse Better relia6ility immunity than Competition Proven "elia6ility o Si'3 Dielectric Sta6le

over Temperature & Moisture @ Isolation ie

Span J 3/ years

Suita6le or harsh Industrial *nvironments Industry Standard $ootprint7 Compati6le

with !DuM23/=02 Si.-==02 & Si.>==02

IS'2/-=

!

.

8 9

7

2

G43!

,C<

BCC!BCC

,C<!

G43

,3A ,3A!

/ s o l a t i o n

IS'2/-2

!

.

8 9

7

2

G43!

,C<

BCC!BCC

,C<!

G43

,3A ,3A!

/ s o l a t i o n

Samples

(ow"elease

!ug 3=23

Motor Control reerence design



Motor Control reerence design

PC reerence design



PC reerence design

Isolated C!( reerence design



Isolated C!( reerence design

TI M 9 I l * H



TI Ma9es Isolators *asy to Hse

)et Started Today *valuation modules Samples !pplications support IBIS models Data sheets Technical documentation

!pplication notes on: %igh,+oltage ietime Magnetic $ield Immunity IS'<3; $amily o Digital

Isolators Complements TIs industrial

product portolio: interacedata converter DSP MCH

ampliier power & logic

Contact: (eel Seshan 5neelsRti7com4



Ouestions1

Singles Duals Triples Ouads



Singles Duals Triples Ouads

,/4G<5, 3FA<,

TR/P<5, QFA3,

Isolated Transceivers



Isolated Transceivers



Than9 VouWThan9 VouW

Digital Isolation Techniques

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