Digital Content Protection Overview April 26, 2002.
Transcript of Digital Content Protection Overview April 26, 2002.
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Digital Content ProtectionOverview
April 26, 2002
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• Current digital media landscape
• Current/emerging protection measures
• Future trends
• Issues
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Content Pipes Players User interface Users
Digital Media LandscapeStorage
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Content Types• Audio-visual
• Sound
• Interactive
• Executables
• Text
• Other data
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Digital distribution pipes• Narrowband phone• Broadband (Cable/DSL/Satellite)• Cable• DBS• Broadcast (Digital TV/Radio/Datacasting)• Wireless 2 way nets
– 2.5/3G cell– 802.11x hot spots– LMDS/MMDS
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Players• PC’s/Info appliances• TV STB’s (Digital cable/VDSL/PVR’s/ITV)• DVD/DVD-R• D-VHS• i-DVD• Game console• CD• MP3• MP4• PDA’s• Cell phones
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Digital storage media• DVD• CD• D-VHS• DAT• Removeable Mag disc• Hard Mag Disc• Flash RAM/ROM• Non volatile-RAM• Micro-optical
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User interface
• TV
• Stereo
• PC display
• Phone display
• PDA display
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Users
• Primary– consumers
• Secondary– Libraries– Teachers/Students– Researchers/Developers
• Special needs– Disabled
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Current protection measures• Audio-visual
– Stored media• DVD CSS
• Macrovision
• D-VHS D-Theatre
– Cable /satellite• Conditional access systems (W/return path)
– Web• Proprietary DRM’s (e.g. Microsoft MRM)
• Open rights languages (XRML, ORDL)
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Emerging protection measures• Audio-visual
– Stored media (DVD’s, PVR’s)• CPRM/4C • DTCP/5C• D-Theater• HDCP/DVI• HDMI
– Cable /satellite• POD’s• STB protections
– 4C/5C/– HDCP/HDMI/DVI– PHILA/OCAP
– Broadcast• Flags• Watermarks (e.g. CPRM/4C)
– Web• Secure PC
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Current protection measures• Audio
– Stored media/recorders• Legislation (DMCA, AHRA)
• CD copy protect (e.g. Cactus Data Shield)
• CGMS, SCMS
• SDMI
– Web• Proprietary DRM’s (e.g. Microsoft MRM)
• Open rights languages (XRML, ORDL)
• Secure audio path
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Emerging protection measures
• Music/Audio– Stored media/recorders
• Watermarks for playback/copy control (e.g. Verance)
• DVD-audio CSS-2
– Web• Secure PC
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OK
Monitor
Secure Media Player
Secure OS API
Secure Video Driver
Software Stack
DRM Wrapper
Content
WM
WMDetect
D/ADisplay ControllerVRAM
VRAMWM
WM
WM
Scenario #1
OK
Monitor
Media Player
Secure OS API
Secure Video Driver
Software Stack
WMDetect
D/ADisplay ControllerVRAM
VRAM
Scenario #2
Content
No Watermark Detected
Scenario #3
COPYRIGHTVIOLATION
Monitor
Media Player
Secure OS API
Secure Video Driver
Software Stack
Content
WM
WMDetect
D/ADisplay ControllerVRAM
VRAMWM
Marked Content accompanied by DRM
Un- Marked Content not accompanied by DRM
Marked Content not accompanied by DRM
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Future trends
• All different player types connected in home• Storage media portable between different player types• Moore’s law will aggravate piracy problem
– Faster pipes– Better compression– Bigger memories– Smaller storage
• New potential “fair uses” of rich media (distance learning)• New players (e.g. MP4), pipes (Digital Terrestrial Broadcast), media types (e.g. Interactive
TV)will emerge• Consumers growing up with belief that “ sharing of licensed content with others is OK”
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Issues• Protection of unsecured content in peer-to-peer networks• Affordable protection in devices (e.g. PC’s) with many inputs, internal data paths, storage devices, data types
and outputs• Renewability/extensibility of new measures• Managing the legacy problem while enabling responsible innovation• Interoperability of proprietary DRM’s and other protections• Public vs. private ownership• Role of government• Number of distinct measures needed to accommodate variability of compute power, memory, display
performance, return path etc• Accommodating fair use and potential fair use applications
– Consumer time shifting/portability, distance learning– Digital “check out” from libraries
• Achieving Multiple lines of defense for unsecured content– Playback control– Copy control– Transmission control– Forensic tracking– Renewability/revocability of all of above– Enabling new business models (e.g. super-distribution)