DiffIE : Changing How You View Changes on the Web
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Transcript of DiffIE : Changing How You View Changes on the Web
DiffIE: Changing How You View Changes on the Web
Jaime Teevan, Susan T. Dumais, Daniel J. Liebling, and Richard L. Hughes
Microsoft Research
Information Artifacts Change
Digital Dynamics Easy to Capture
Web Dynamics
January February March April May June July August September
Content Changes
• Number of studies of change [2, 7, 10, 20]• Frequency and degree of change characterized• Visited pages are more likely to change [2]
Web Dynamics
January February March April May June July August September
Content Changes
People Revisit
January February March April May June July August September
• People revisit on the Web a lot– Over half of page visits are revisits [2, 22]– Over a third of searches are for re-finding [23]
• Revisitation relates to change– 66% of revisits are to changed pages [2]– 20% of the content changes [2]– Revisiting often motivated by change [2, 15]– Change interferes with revisiting [21, 23]
Web Dynamics
January February March April May June July August September
Content Changes
People Revisit
January February March April May June July August September
Today’s Browse and Search Experiences
Ignores …
DiffIE
Changes to page since your last visit
DiffIE toolbar
Systems That Expose Web Change
• Historical access to pages– Internet Archives (archive.org)
• Subscription to change– RSS, Web slices– Monitoring support [15]
• In-situ awareness of change– symbols– Dynamo [3], Difference Engine [9], WebCQ [17]
Interesting Features of DiffIE
Always on
In-situ
New to you
Non-intrusive
• How DiffIE works• How we studied DiffIE• How DiffIE is used• Conclusions and future work
Overview
HOW DiffIE WORKS
DiffIE
DiffIE Architecture
Web
Cache
Toolbar Component
Comparison ComponentIE
Client Machine
Toolbar
Compare to older versions
Status messageFeedback buttons
See previous versionHide highlighting
Cache
• Web page representation– Leaf nodes in DOM: Hash of text– Parent nodes: Hash of children, appended
• Cache multiple versions of pages visited• Small footprint (50KB)– Exact duplicates stored as pointer files– Cap count (only 6% of pages visited >5 times)
• Privacy preserving
Comparison Component
• Change• Deletion • Addition• Movement
A
B
D
C
E F
A
B C
D EED
Node has fewer childrenNode has more children, child new
Node has new child, child present
Node has same children, child changes
Comparison Component
• Change• Deletion• Addition• Movement• Highlighted: Additions, changes• Not highlighted: Moves, deletions
Node has fewer childrenNode has more children, child new
Node has new child, child present
Node has same children, child changes
STUDYING DiffIE
Interesting Features of DiffIE
Always on
In-situ
New to you
Background
Methods for Studying DiffIE
• Large scale demonstration• Feedback buttons• Experience interview– 11 people (5 female, 6 male)– Interviewed after extended DiffIE use (2+ weeks)– Asked about general experience– Revisited 10 pages (half from today/yesterday)
HOW DiffIE IS USED
Expected New Content
Monitor
Unexpected Important Content
Serendipitous Encounters
Understand Page Dynamics
Attend to Activity
Edit
Attend to Activity
Edit
Understand Page Dynamics
Serendipitous Encounter
Unexpected Important Content
Expected New Content
Monitor
Expected Unexpected
Monitor
Find Expected New Content
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
• Web dynamics important– Change and revisitation common and related
• DiffIE exposes change upon revisitation– Caches representations of visited pages – Additions and changes identified and highlighted
• DiffIE used in unexpected ways– Some Web content becomes more valuable– Not as useful for sites designed around change
Summary
Next Steps
• Additional ways to display change– Other interfaces: fade, moves/deletes, differences– Just show change: mobile, mash ups– Allow user to subscribe to change
• Decide when and what to highlight– Important v. unimportant changes (e.g., ads)– Provide access to unseen change
• API exposing change
Thank you.
DiffIE Teevan, J., S. T. Dumais, D. J. Liebling, and R. Hughes. Changing How People View Changes on the Web. UIST 2009.
Change Adar, E., J. Teevan, S. T. Dumais, and J. L. Elsas. The Web changes everything: Understanding the dynamics of Web Content. WSDM 2009 (Best Student Paper).
Revisitation Adar, E., J. Teevan, and S. T. Dumais. Large scale analysis of Web revisitation patterns. CHI 2008 (Best Paper).
Relationship Adar, E., J. Teevan, and S. T. Dumais. Resonance on the Web: Web dynamics and revisitation patterns. CHI 2009.
Jaime Teevanhttp://research.microsoft.com/~teevan
EXTRA SLIDES
DiffIE Received Positively
• Feedback buttons– 51% of unsolicited feedback positive (v. 10-25%)
• Experience interview (conditioned on change)– 61% positive– 18% neutral– 21% negative
Reported Experience with DiffIE
Nothing highlighted
Too much highlighted
Unexpected highlighting
… that was important
… that was interesting
… that was distracting
Never Rarely Sometimes Often Always
Performance
• Highlighting shown on page load event• Appears 10s to 100s of milliseconds after load• Does not interfere with browsing experience• Often appears after interaction begins• Notification of delay important