Differing Ideas about Population Growth

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Differing Ideas about Population Growth

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Differing Ideas about Population Growth. There are both optimistic and pessimistic views on population growth: Cornucopian (Optimistic) Bogue (Optimistic) Malthus (Pessimistic) Catton (Pessimistic). Divergent ideas about population growth. Optimistic Views… - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Differing Ideas about Population Growth

Page 1: Differing Ideas about Population Growth

Differing Ideas about Population Growth

Page 2: Differing Ideas about Population Growth

Divergent ideas about population growth

There are both optimistic and pessimistic views on population growth:

1. Cornucopian (Optimistic)2. Bogue (Optimistic)

3. Malthus (Pessimistic)4. Catton (Pessimistic)

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Optimistic Views…

General agreement that large families and growing population are highly desirable

Such opinions have been expressed by religious leaders because large families theoretically contribute more adherents (supporters, believers) to the faith

Large number of adherents make religion both socially and politically powerful

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1. Cornucopians Many people have faith in the human ability to find

technological innovation that will produce increases in Earths carrying capacity◦People who believe this are called cornucopian’s

They would point to agricultural and industrial revolution, which led to unprecedented (never done before) increase in world population

Cornucopians would suggest the nature of the next revolution is IMPOSSIBLE to predict

They would say that the next revolution would have to solve the most serious threats we face

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Ex: Cornucopian's believe that breakthroughs in energy production, like these wind turbine generators, could support a much larger population

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Bogue

D.J Bogue described what he called the theory of demographic regulation

By this, he meant that, over an extended period of time, a society naturally limits its own population

The population will grow only in response to Earths ability to support it

This theory appears to be supported by the demographic transition model

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In developed countries- Sweden-, the population has already naturally

limited itself

Whereas countries such as Mexico, the

population is still continuing

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Pessimistic Views…

Although most people throughout history have been optimistic about every-increasing population levels, there have been critics of this optimism◦ Since the population levels have exploded in recent decades

Pessimistic critics have basically made the same point:◦ Earth is of finite size and has an ability to support only a

certain level of population◦ They feel ultimately, we will reach a point where the

size of the population will be unsustainable because it exceeds that worlds ability to support it

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Malthus Anything described as Malthusian or neo Malthusian (neo means

something is new, recent) is pessimistic about population growth

People who share Malthus views are called neo- Malthusians

He theorized that population would grow ◦ in a geometric sequence (1, 2, 4, 8, 16) ◦ while food could only increase arithmetically (1, 2, 3, 4)

Food production cannot be increased as rapidly as population can grow◦ NOT A SUSTAINABLE situation

The only possible result would be the onset of “misery” which included famine, disease and warfare, all of which produce a terrible collapse of population and suffering for millions

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Example

African nations experiencing a food crisis are a living example of Malthus theory.

Globe & Mail reports: “UN call for developing countries to put more emphasis on agricultural production- less on providing food

assistance in emergencies (which will not provide a sustainable solution)

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Catton He introduced the concept of Earths carrying capacity, which he

states can be exceeded only at the expense of environmental damage◦ Closely related to ecological footprint

Catton suggests Earths population has been exceeding its carrying capacity for many years

This excess has been possible because we are using up the worlds fixed stock of non renewable resources

Sooner or later our economic and ecological systems must collapse

When this occurs we will find the true carrying capacity has been diminished because so much of our non renewable resources is gone

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The immense population and standard of living require us to burn the oil and coal that our descendents will need.

= Phantom Carrying Capacity

Example

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Suzuki Test Tubehttp://interactive.nfb.ca/#/testtube

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Population Explosion The final stage of demographic transition model is know as post-

transition

In post- transition, a country’s birth rates equals or may even fall below its death rate

Population then stabilizes or declines

Countries shift into post transition as they experience the benefits of economic and social growth

This growth is responsible for the completion of demographic transition in counties as varied as Canada, Sweden, Singapore◦ But what happens if a country does not achieve the level of

economic and social development that leads to post transition?

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Too Many People: The Demographic Trap

Some experts think that some nations of the developed and developing regions may not reach post transition

They fear that these developing countries may fall into a situation known as the demographic trap

◦ Situation where these countries continue to experience a high birth rate instead of the declining birth rate of the late transition stage

Increasing population places great demands on the country for an increased food supply and for all kinds of services, medical, educational services

If the countries birth rate continues, the population explosion will continue to happen until a Malthusian collapse becomes inevitable◦ This collapse would occur because the population had grown to the point where

it exceeded the carrying capacity for the country

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Overpopulation

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Overpopulation Each year, India’s population grows by an amount almost equal to

the population on Ontario and Quebec combined

This means, annually, the Indian economy must provide food, housing, healthcare, education and everything else that 10 mill more people need

China is experiencing a similar situation- its population is growing annually by 7 million, an amount equal to the population of Quebec.

The demands of these growing populations will exceed their countries carrying capacity

◦ This = OVERPOPULATION!