Dick Bond- The Cosmic Microwave Background & the Thermal History of the Universe

8/3/2019 Dick Bond- The Cosmic Microwave Background & the Thermal History of the Universe

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L1: The Cosmic Microwave Background& the Thermal History of the Universe

Dick Bond


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Inflation fluctuationsform: quantum jitter

Helium forms

Cosmic backgroundradiation released frommattercarries imprint of

fluctuations in matter whichgrow to generate galaxies etc.

NOWPythagoras formed

Carbon/oxygen/etc

form

Galaxies form

IT from BIT

Solar system

earth form

The Meaning may changeBut the facts will remain

14 Gyr 1

9 Gyr 1.4

2 Gyr 4

100 sec 109

0.4 Myr 1100

10-37sec1029

Galaxies ClusterCosmic web of

vast filaments +

membranes

Life forms onearth

Protons/Neutronsform


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Inflation fluctuationsform: quantum jitter

Helium forms

Cosmic backgroundradiation released frommattercarries imprint of

fluctuations in matter whichgrow to generate galaxies etc.

NOWPythagoras formed

Carbon/oxygen/etc

form

Galaxies form

IT from BIT

Solar system

earth form

The Meaning may changeBut the facts will remain

14 Gyr 1

9 Gyr 1.4

2 Gyr 4

100 sec 109

0.4 Myr 1100

10-37sec1029

Galaxies ClusterCosmic web of

vast filaments +

membranes

Life forms onearth

Protons/Neutronsform

fate & dark energyfate & dark energy


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EGYPT TIMES Mar 31 2006

Canadians make it easy to say sorry

Legislation to allow Canadians to admit mistakes

without litigation

EGYPT TIMES Mar 31 2006

Canadians make it easy to say sorry

Legislation to allow Canadians to admit mistakes

without litigation


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CMB/LSS PhenomenologyCITA/CIAR here

Bond

Contaldi

Lewis

Sievers

Pen

McDonald

Majumdar

Nolta

Iliev Kofman

Vaudrevange

Shirokov

El Zant

UofT here

Netterfield

MacTavish

Carlberg

Yee

& Exptal/Analysis/Phenomenology

Teams here & there

Boomerang03

Cosmic Background Imager

Acbar

WMAP (Nolta, Dore)

CFHTLS WeakLens

CFHTLS - Supernovae

R S2 R S1 Virmos

CITA/CIAR there

Mivelle-Deschenes (IAS) Pogosyan (U of Alberta)

Prunet (IAP)

Myers (NRAO)

Holder (McGill)

Hoekstra (UVictoria)

van Waerbeke (UBC)

Parameter datasets: CMBall_pol

SDSS P(k), 2dF P(k)Weak lens (Virmos/RCS1;

CFHTLS, RCS2)

Lya forest (SDSS)

SN1a gold (157, 9 z>1), CFHT

futures: SZ/opt, 21(1+z)cm

Dalal Dore

Kesden

MacTavish

Pfrommer

Dalal

Dore

Kesden

MacTavish

Pfrommer


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Boomerang@150GHz is

(nearly)Gaussian:Simulated

vsReal

Boomerang@150GHz is

(nearly)Gaussian:SimulatedvsReal

thermodynamic

CMB

temperature

fluctuations2.9% of sky

~ 30 ppm

thermodynamic

CMB

temperature

fluctuations

2.9% of sky

~ 30 ppm


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Sorry CITAzens: real seems to be simulated

Boomerang, Cosmic Background Imager, WMAP3,

No wonder the LCDM concordance model looks so

good

Sorry CITAzens: real seems to be simulated


No wonder the LCDM concordance model looks so

good


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Real is a mock: march 29, 2006

a BLACK DAY for some CITAzens

Real is a mock: march 29, 2006

a BLACK DAY for some CITAzens


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new deeply embedded analysis march 31, 2006

The wrinkled lightcone may not be LCDM

but a statistically anisotropic but well-known shape

new deeply embedded analysis march 31, 2006

The wrinkled lightcone may not be LCDM

but a statistically anisotropic but well-known shape

i i i f


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The anisotropic lightcone led to a new model for the

power defining the current universe

The anisotropic lightcone led to a new model for the

power defining the current universe

Acknowledgment:

realization

Occurred at Khufus

place in Giza, the

chamber in the centreof the great pyramid

March 31, 2006

Acknowledgment:

realizationOccurred at Khufus

place in Giza, the

chamber in the centreof the great pyramid

March 31, 2006

Pyramid powerPyramid power


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But new realization now I am on Egyptian time and

APRIL FOOLs ends at noon April 1

real is in fact real, for


the LCDM concordance model does indeed look good

& the structure of the universe seems to beunderstandable in terms of a handful of basic

cosmological parameters,

Baryon, dark matter, dark energy densities

Power spectra for primordial fluctuations

But new realization now I am on Egyptian time and

APRIL FOOLs ends at noon April 1real is in fact real, for


the LCDM concordance model does indeed look good

& the structure of the universe seems to beunderstandable in terms of a handful of basic

cosmological parameters,

Baryon, dark matter, dark energy densities

Power spectra for primordial fluctuations

Th Parameters of Cosmic Structure Formation


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The Parameters of Cosmic Structure FormationThe Parameters of Cosmic Structure Formation

WMAP3 WMAP3+CBIcombinedTT+CBIpol

CMBall = Boom03pol+DASIpol +VSA+Maxima+WMAP3+CBIcombinedTT+CBIpol

bh2 = .0222 +- .0007ch2 = .107 +- .007 = .75 +- .03


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Parameters of Cosmic Structure Formation

k

What is the Background

curvature of the universe?

k > 0k = 0

k < 0

closed

flat

open

bh2 nsdmh

2

Density of

Baryonic MatterDensity of non-

interacting Dark

Matter

Cosmological

Constant

Spectral index of

primordial scalar

(compressional)perturbations

P(k)

k

ns1

nt

Spectral index of

primordial tensor

(Gravity Waves)perturbations

Ph(k

) k

nt

As 8

Scalar Amplitude

At

Tensor Amplitude

Period of inflationary expansion,

quantum noise metric perturb.

Inflationpredicts nearly scale invariant scalar perturbations

and background of gravitational waves

Passive/adiabatic/coherent/gaussian perturbations

Nice linear regime

Boltzman equation + Einstein equations to describe the LSS

c

Optical Depth to

Last Scattering

SurfaceWhen did stars

reionize the

universe?

P t f C i St t F tiThe Parameters of Cosmic Structure Formation


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The Parameters of Cosmic Structure FormationThe Parameters of Cosmic Structure Formation

WMAP3 WMAP3+CBIcombinedTT+CBIpol

CMBall = Boom03pol+DASIpol +VSA+Maxima+WMAP3+CBIcombinedTT+CBIpol

bh2 = .0222 +- .0007ch2 = .107 +- .007 = .75 +- .03


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Cosmic topologyCosmic topology

Multiply connected universe ?Multiply connected universe ?

Simple Torus

(Euclidean)

Compact hyperbolicspace

MC spherical space

(soccer ball)


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WMAP3 thermodynamic CMB temperature fluctuationsWMAP3 thermodynamic CMB temperature fluctuations

Co(s)mic Topology


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No?

Co(s)mic Topology

Non april fool

Is the universe like a

soccer ball?

The CMB data

decides:

Non april fool

Is the universe like a

soccer ball?

The CMB data

decides:


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COBE satellite 1989-1994

Picked up as TV snow a few %


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Hot

BigBang

Picked up as TV snow - a few %

2.725 .001 degrees above absolute zero

410 photons per cubic centimetre

Isotropic (smooth) to one part in 100,000

released as redlight 400,000

yrs after theBig Bang,expansion of

spacestretched thewavelengths

to microwave

Perfect

Planck

Curve

(almost)

Di f th Mi


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Discovery of the Microwave

Background Discovered accidentally as a source of noise in aradio receiver

1965 Bell Telephone Laboratories Penzias and Wilson share Nobel prize in 1978


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Planck distribution function

f = 1/(exp[q/(aT)] -1)

Planck distribution function

f = 1/(exp[q/(aT)] -1)

d Number of photons = f d Phase Space Volume

= f 2 d3q/(2)3 d3xd Number of photons = f d Phase Space Volume

= f 2 d3q/(2)3 d3x

Thermodynamic temperature T(q) from f(q)Thermodynamic temperature T(q) from f(q)

Sources, sinks, scattering processesSources, sinks, scattering processesTime derivative along thephoton direction

d E/V = f q3 /2 dq Planck energy curved E/V = f q3 /2 dq Planck energy curve


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when was the entropy generated in the U?when was the entropy generated in the U?

dE + p dV = T dS ( - d N )dE + p dV = T dS ( - d N )

(when was the baryon number generated? dB=0 after)(when was the baryon number generated? dB=0 after)

Answer: earlier than redshift z ~ 106.8Answer: earlier than redshift z ~ 106.8

or distortions in the CMB spectrumor distortions in the CMB spectrum

s*/nb* =0.65 x 1010 (.02/bh2)[1+(7/8)(4/11)N x 1.04] total entropys*/nb* =0.65 x 1010 (.02/bh2)[1+(7/8)(4/11)N x 1.04] total entropy

cf. entropy per baryon in the centre of the sun ~19

In a pre-supernova core about to implode ~1

n*

= 410/cc,

* = 0.26 ev/cc1+(7/8)(4/11)N4/3 x

1.04]

total energy

*h2 =2.45x10-5Lev Kofman lecturesLev Kofman lectures

Thermodynamic temperature T(q)Thermodynamic temperature T(q)


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Thermodynamic temperature T(q)e ody c e pe u e (q)


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Sources, sinks, scattering processesSources, sinks, scattering processesTime derivative along the

photon direction

the Boltzmann transport equation for photonsthe Boltzmann transport equation for photons


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Z ~ 1100, z~100,t~400000 yr, lightcrossing 300 Mpc

Distortions inenergy

< .0001 (Comptoncooling ofelectrons)

Starlight+

(EBL): .06-.12

(>400 microns) ~.001

Planck dist fnPlanck dist fn


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Planck dist fn

max entropy

for fixed

energy

max entropy

for fixedenergy

Bose-Einsteindist fn

max entropyfor fixed

energy and

number

Bose-Einsteindist fn

max entropy

for fixed

energy and

numberz >~

10

5.4

(.02/bh2)1/2z >~

105.4

(.02/bh2)1/2but

Dick Bond- The Cosmic Microwave Background & the Thermal History of the Universe

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