Diagnostic Laboratory Procedures
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Transcript of Diagnostic Laboratory Procedures
![Page 1: Diagnostic Laboratory Procedures](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56812cfb550346895d91ce1b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Diagnostic Diagnostic Laboratory Laboratory ProceduresProcedures
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Microscope UseMicroscope Use• Objective lenses 4x, 10x, and Objective lenses 4x, 10x, and
40x40x• Oil-immersion is used Oil-immersion is used
occasionallyoccasionally• A mechanical stage is necessary A mechanical stage is necessary
to view slides thoroughlyto view slides thoroughly
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Microscope UseMicroscope Use
• Viewing area = fieldViewing area = field
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Microscope UseMicroscope Use• To scan a slide use 4x to To scan a slide use 4x to
focus, then move to 10xfocus, then move to 10x
• Scan back and forth Scan back and forth overlapping each fieldoverlapping each field
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Microscope UseMicroscope Use
Scanning patternScanning pattern
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Microscope UseMicroscope Use• Debris can be closely Debris can be closely
examined under high examined under high powerpower
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Sample Collection• The animal owner will
most often collect the stool sample.
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Sample Collection• The sample should be
fresh since some parasite eggs become unrecognizable as the feces ages.
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Sample Collection• If a fresh sample cannot
be obtained, one can be refrigerated, but for no longer than 24 hours.
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Methods1. Gross exam
- used to observe outward characteristics of the sample.
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Methods1. Gross exam
- Several abnormalities can be seen with the naked eye.
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Methods1. Gross exam
- observe and record• color and consistency• blood and mucus• age of sample• presence of adult parasites
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Methods
2. Direct smear
- the fastest and simplest method of diagnosing parasitism.
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Methods2. Direct smear
- A small amount of feces is mixed with water and applied directly to a slide.
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Methods2. Direct smear
- The main disadvantage of this technique is that a
small sample may not contain any parasite eggs.
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Methods2. Direct smear
- This method also leaves debris on the slide.
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Methods3. Floatation
- the most commonly used procedure for diagnosing parasitism.
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Methods3. Floatation
- techniques using this method:
- simple floatation
- use of a centrifuge
- Fecalyzer
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Methods3. Floatation
Fecalyzer- uses a solution (zinc sulfate or sodium nitrate) that has a specific gravity greater than the specific gravity of most parasite eggs
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Methods4. Sedimentation
- is commonly used for eggs that have a high specific gravity
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Methods4. Sedimentation - The high specific gravity
of these eggs makes it difficult to use floatation techniques without
distorting them.
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Methods4. Sedimentation
- Sedimentation allows eggs to sink to the bottom.
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Debris
• may be easily confused with parasite eggs.
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Common Debris:• hair• plant material• air bubbles
•fat
•epithelial cells
•pollen grains