Diabetes Management Charleston Academy January 2013
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Transcript of Diabetes Management Charleston Academy January 2013
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Diabetes ManagementCharleston AcademyJanuary 2013
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Q.WHO ARE WE?
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Q.WHY ARE WE HERE TODAY?
To talk to you about:
• applications of what you learn in class
• diabetes
• diabetes management through devices
• how these devices work
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Q.WHO ARE ?
Part of the Diabetes CareFranchise of
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WHAT DO DO?We make:
‘self monitoring blood glucose’ (SMBG) measurement systems to help people with diabetes control their blood sugar concentration
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SMBGsystems
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Q. WHAT IS DIABETES?• Chronic condition (long term)• Caused by failure of pancreas
to produce sufficient insulin and/or
• Failure of the body to use insulin produced effectively (insulin resistance)
• Body cannot use energy from food
• Leads to uncontrolled blood sugars
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• Type 1 diabetes• Type 2 diabetes• Gestational diabetes (during pregnancy)• Secondary diabetes• Pre diabetes states
• Impaired Glucose Tolerance• Impaired Fasting Glycaemia
Q: WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF DIABETES?
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DIABETES OVERVIEW
Type 1
Type 2 91% of Diabetes population
Adult Onset – Average age of diagnosis is 56
Body Resistant to Insulin
Risk Factors include lifestyle, obesity, genetics
Represents 65% of strip utilization
9% of Diabetes population
Onset usually by puberty
Death results without insulin
Represents 35% of strip utilization
.
Diagnosed Diabetics In the Unites States
2 M
18 M
Source: ADA, LifeScan Internal Data
Population
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About 50% of diabetics go undiagnosed
19
14
3315 36
7
In million people
1
Prevalence of Diabetes worldwide
47
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Worldwide Diabetes Epidemic
200MM 366MM
Diabetes population nearly doubles by 2030Source: World Health Organization
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Q. WHAT is the most important sugar to control?
Glucose = blood sugar
Gets pumped round in the blood (along with oxygen)
Reaches the cells where it reacts to release energy!
Glucose + Oxygen Carbon dioxide, water + ENERGY
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Q. What do the terms Hypoglycaemia and Hyperglycaemia mean?
*1mmol = 1/1000th of 1 mole , 1L = 1dm3 , 1mmol/L = 0.001 mol/dm3
~0 :30+mmol/L*Uncontrolled diabetic concentration range:
Non diabetic glucose concentration range:4:8mmol/L*
Note: The symptoms of Hypo and Hyper glycaemia are very similar!
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Q.WHY DO WE MAKE SMBG SYSTEMS?
If people with diabetes do not control their blood Sugar concentration there can be complications in the short and long term.
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An important question...
Is anyone squeamish???
In that case...
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Q. SO HOW DO OUR SMBGSYSTEMS WORK?
…BIOCHEMISTRY!
Chemistry is in the test strip
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How Much Insulin? When?
Complicated system controls blood sugars: But if something goes wrong with this?
insulinfood
Your SMBGSystem willhelp you keepcontrol!
In Summary
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Q. WHAT IS AN ENZYME?- Enzymes are Biological Catalysts!
Don’t need much! React again and again without being consumed (££££)
-Enzymes are very specific to a substrate!
“Bio-recognition” useful for analysis within complex mixtures e.g. whole blood!
SPEED UPCHEMICALREACTIONS!
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Glucose Oxidase
- Mol weight = 160,000!!! (glucose is 180)- Purified from a Fungus!- An expensive yellow powder!
Meet one of our enzymes:
Each test strip has about 5 millionths of 1 gram of Glucose Oxidase on it!
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Enzyme chemistry- How does the chemistry work?- Does maltose react with the enzyme?- Does glucose react with the enzyme?- What happens when you add more or less glucose/enzyme?- What is the mystery sugar?
Make your own SMBG test strip- Learn how the strips are made- Describe the different layers of the strip- Complete the strips by adding the chemistry and tapes- See if you can get a meter reading from your test strips
Now for the fun bit…the Practical
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Thanks for listening…Now you have a go!