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DiabetesNeil Madadi, Ibraheem Murtaza, Jenna Jones

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About Diabetes• Diabetes occurs when the body can no longer produce

insulin or when the body isn’t able to use the insulin effectively.

• It can be broken down into two groups: Type 1 Diabetes and Type II Diabetes• Type 1 Diabetes occurs when the pancreas produces little

or no insulin.• usually affects children and young adults

• Type 2 Diabetes occurs when the body can’t use the insulin produced. • It can be reversed with lifestyle changes

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Effects of Diabetes on the Cardiovascular System

• Diabetes has many effects on the Cardiovascular System• Most problems are related to the High Blood Glucose

Levels in the blood.• This can lead to Diabetic Heart Disease or DHD.• High Blood Glucose Levels can lead to atherosclerosis,

cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and/or arrhythmia.

The Effects of Diabetes on the Nervous System

• Affects the nervous system by damaging the nerves, a symptom called Neuropathy.

• Diabetic neuropathy occurs when there are High Glucose Levels in the blood which which releases neurotoxins that damage delicate nerves by the Symptoms like pain, tingling, or numbness—loss of feeling—in the hands, arms, feet, and legs. Nerve problems can occur in almost any organ system.

• 60-70% of diabetic patients also have neuropathy (Heart Disease Information Center, 1)

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The Effects of Diabetes on the Digestive System

•Diabetes can affect digestion in a number of ways•It can cause digestive issues, such as gastroparesis•Gastroparesis is caused by damage the vagus nerve which regulates the digestive system and makes muscles function (Mayo Clinic)•This causes the muscles of the stomach and intestine from functioning correctly. •As a result, the movement of food from the stomach to the small intestine is slowed down.

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The Effects of Diabetes on the Immune System

•Diabetes causes the immune system to destroy insulin producing cells within the pancreas (Diabetic Connect, 2012).• The immune response is also much lower in people who have diabetes (Diabetic Connect, 2012).•So, people with diabetes are more susceptible to infections that could even result in the loss of a limb

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The Effects of Diabetes on the Respiratory System

• The respiratory system is not affected extensively by diabetes.

• Diabetes can cause shortness of breath, making it hard to breathe.

• Obstructive sleep apnea (a condition that makes it difficult to breathe while sleeping) may occur, but is not exclusive to people with diabetes.

• Diabetics are more likely to contract a respiratory infection.• People with diabetes cannot hold as much air in their lungs as

usual.• The negative effects on the respiratory system can be reduced

by maintaining a healthy weight and keeping your diabetes in check.

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The Effects of Diabetes on the Urinary System

• High blood glucose levels result in an elevated amount of bacterial growth, causing an increased risk for urinary tract infections in those with diabetes.

• Diabetics urinate more frequently than normal.• People with diabetes are more likely to get

kidney disease.• This is because diabetics have high blood sugar,

which causes the kidneys to work too hard and filter too much blood.