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Transcript of Diabetes
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By: Amanda Galvao, Alex Ortega, Mayana Joseph, Kaitlyn Campo
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What is Type 2 Diabetes?
• Pancreas does not produce enough insulin • Insulin resistance- fat, liver, muscle cells don’t
respond to the insulin
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What does Insulin Do?Eat food
Body breaks down food into glucose (sugar)
Sugar goes into the blood to be
transported to cells
Insulin helps the sugar from the blood enter
into the other cells
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Who is at risk?• Elderly• African Americans, Latinos, Native
Americans, Asian Americans• Those with excess body weight
around their mid section• High blood pressure, high
triglyceride levels, high cholesterol
• Those with a family history of it • Those with a low activity level• Smokers and alcoholics
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Early Symptoms
• Hunger• Thirst• Fatigue• Increased urination• Frequent infections that take a while to heal• Blurred vision• Numbness or pain in the hands and feet• Acanthosis nigricans- darkened skin patches
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Later Symptoms/Effects
• Blindness• Cardiovascular issues• Nerve damage• Amputations of the lower
limbs• Kidney damage
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Diabetes and Amputations• Diabetes causes poor blood circulation and
nerve damage• This leads to ulcers• Ulcers cause damage to the tissue and bone,
leaving amputation as the only option
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Diabetes Tests• Fasting blood glucose level
Shouldn’t be higher than 126 mg/dL
• Hemoglobin A1c test 6.5% or higher means
diabetes• Oral glucose tolerance test
After 2 hours, shouldn’t be over 200mg/dL
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Diabetic Meters
• Used to measure your blood glucose levelsNormal blood glucose levels:
fasting: 70-99mg/dL 2 hours after eating: 70-145mg/dL casual: 10-125mg/dL
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How to use a Diabetic Meter
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Treatments
• Oral and injectable medications that can lower blood glucose levels
• Active life style and eating right• Insulin pump
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Glycemic Index (GI)
• A measure of how much a certain food will raise your blood glucose level
• A food with a high GI will raise blood glucose quickly
• Foods with fat and fiber tend to have low GI
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Faces of Type 2 Diabetes
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SourcesGlycemic Index and Diabetes (2005). American Diabetes Association. Retrieved Feb 23, 2012 from http://www.diabetes.org/food-and-fitness/food/planning-meals/glycemic-index-and-diabetes.html Mayo Clinic Staff (Oct 1, 2011). Amputation and Diabetes: how to protect your feet. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved Feb 26, 2012 from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/amputation-and-diabetes/DA00140
Type 2 Diabetes ( June 28, 2011). PubMed Health. Retrieved Feb 25, 2012 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001356/
Type 2 Diabetes Overview ( June 2, 2009). WebMD. Retrieved Feb 22, 2012 from http://diabetes.webmd.com/guide/type-2-diabetes?page=1
Type 2 Diabetes (June 28, 2011). New York Times. Retrieved Feb 23, 2012 from http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/type-2-diabetes/overview.html Celebrities with Type 2 Diabetes. Health. Retrieved Feb 26, 2012 from http://www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20490828_last,00.html
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Sources continuedWhat is Normal Blood Sugar? (2011). Phlaunt. Retrieved Feb 23, 2012 from http://www.phlaunt.com/diabetes/16422495.php
Type 2 Diabetes and Amputations (2009). Insulite Laboratories. Retrieved Feb 22, 2012 from http://diabetesmanagement.insulitelabs.com/index.php?q=type-2-diabetes-and-amputation.php
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Picture refrences 1. http://www.medicalmalpracticelawyerblogphiladelphia.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/type2diabetes.jpg2. http://www.pre-diabetes.com/download/medical/how-insulin-works.jpg3. http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/health_tools/diabetes_type-2_slideshow/phototake_rm_illustration_of_insulin_absorption.jpg4.http://www.menshealth.com/spotlight/diabetes/images/diabetes-risks.jpg5. http://skinipedia.org/images/photos/acan1.jpg6.http://dtc.ucsf.edu/images/charts/5.d.jpg 7.http://goodhealthhub.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Diabetic-Foot-4.jpg8.http://www.sciencephoto.com/image/256062/350wm/M1400349-Toe_amputation_due_to_diabetes-SPL.jpg
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Picture references continued9.http://www.diabeteshealthysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/normal-hemoglobin-a1c.jpg 10. http://images01.tzimg.com/cache/h3w4/500_1239329605_cbd8d77fb46ad49722ea905b2d72222c.jpg11.http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_UmpviLmUQvI/TCYFJc4CwQI/AAAAAAAAAEI/q5PCYDffux8/s1600/glucose+meter.jpg12.http://www.wakehealth.edu/images/graphics/images/en/19839.jpg 13.http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/images/ency/fullsize/18035.jpg14. http://www.snspost.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/portionControl-photo.jpg15. http://sp.life123.com/bm.pix/low-glycemic-index-foods.s600x600.jpg16.http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MjFiUj19iOw/TZGTgd1Vk0I/AAAAAAAADGM/YQC8o6Lfx0o/s1600/Sugary-foods.jpg17.http://be-remarkable.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/glycemic-index.jpg