DHKTQD-Mang May Tinh

7/31/2019 DHKTQD-Mang May Tinh

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TRNG I HC KINH T QUC DNKHOA TIN HC KINH T

MNG MY TNH(TI LIU THAM KHO)

H NI 2004


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NET 2

MC LC

(TI LIU THAM KHO)...............................................................................................1

PHN I NHNG VN CBN VMNG MY TNH .....................................5

1. Cc khi nim v mng my tnh ..............................................................................51.1 Khi nim v mng (Network concepts). ...................................................................51.2 ng dng ca mng my tnh trong cc t chc........................................................51.3 Mt s yu t c trng ca mng ............................................................................51.4 Phn loi mng my tnh. ..........................................................................................7

2. Chun mng ...............................................................................................................72.1 Chun..........................................................................................................................72.2 M hnh tham chiu....................................................................................................92.2.1 M hnh tham chiu OSI (Open System Interconnection) ......................................9(OSI Reference Model) ....................................................................................................92.3 M hnh tham chiu TCP/IP.....................................................................................16

* So snh vi m hnh tham chiu OSI:.........................................................................182.4 Mt s chun mng ..................................................................................................19

3.hnh trng mng (Network Topology) .....................................................................21

4. Cc thit b lin kt mng.........................................................................................234.1. Dy cp mng..........................................................................................................234.2. V mch mng (Network Interface Card - NIC)......................................................254.3. B tp trung (Hub)...................................................................................................274.4. Chuyn mch (Switch) ............................................................................................274.5. B pht lp (Repeater) .............................................................................................264.6. Cu ni (Bridge) ......................................................................................................28

4.7. B dn !ng (Router) ............................................................................................294.8. Cng kt ni (Getway) ............................................................................................29

5. Cc giao thc truyn trn mng (Protocol)............................................................305.1 Khi nim .................................................................................................................305.2. Cc b giao thc ph bin .......................................................................................32

6. Thit kmng cc b ................................................................................................326.1. Qui t"c thit k mng:..............................................................................................336.2. Ph#ng php thit k :.............................................................................................336.3. Mt s thit k mng ...............................................................................................34

PHN II HIU HNH MNG NOVEL NETWARE ..........................................39

1. Gii thiu mng NOVELL NETWARE .................................................................391.1. S$ pht trin ca Novell Netware............................................................................391.2. Novell Directory Services .......................................................................................39

2. Qun tr FILE SERVER..........................................................................................41

3. Ci t mng NOVELL NETWARE......................................................................423.1. Yu cu v phn cng - phn mm .........................................................................43


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NET 3

3.2. Cc bc ci t: .....................................................................................................433.3. Ci t WORK STATIONS (DOS).........................................................................493.3. Ci t WORK STATIONS (Windows 9.X) ..........................................................49

4. Qun tr h thng thmc v files..........................................................................524.1. C%u trc th mc v files ca Novell NetWare.......................................................524.2. Thit k h thng th mc v FILES ......................................................................53

4.3. Quyn hn................................................................................................................544.4. Thuc tnh................................................................................................................55

5. Qun tr USER V GROUP.....................................................................................565.1. Qu&n tr' USER.........................................................................................................575.2. Qu&n tr' GROUP .....................................................................................................615.3. Qu&n tr' USER ACCOUNT ....................................................................................625.4. Thao tc vi USER ACCOUNT ............................................................................63

6. LOGIN SCRIPTS ....................................................................................................646.1. Khi nim: ...............................................................................................................646.2. Kh(i to LOGIN SCRIPT.......................................................................................65

6.3. Cc lnh h thng trong LOGIN SCRIPT..............................................................66 7. Qun tr dch v in trn mng .................................................................................67

7.1.Tng quan v cng vic in trn mng (DOS client).................................................677.2. Ci t PRINT SERVER , ci t my in, ci t PRINT QUEUE,......................687.3. ) work station : ni my in vi mng....................................................................697.4. T chc my in PRINT SERVER ..........................................................................69

8. Mt s lnh cbn ca Novell Netware..................................................................70

PHN III HIU HNH MNG WINDOWS 2000................................................76

1. Tng quan vMicrosoft windows 2000 ..................................................................761.1. Windows 2000 Server .............................................................................................761.2. Activate Directory (AD)..........................................................................................771. 3. 'a ch trong giao thc TCP/IP .............................................................................79

2. Ci t WINDOWS 2000 SERVER........................................................................802.1. Mt s v%n chung................................................................................................802.2. Ci t windows 2000 server ..................................................................................812.3. Ci t Activate Directory .......................................................................................852.4. Hiu chnh cc tham s............................................................................................892.5. C#s(d* liu Registry .............................................................................................91

3. Qun tr USER v GROUP .....................................................................................943.1. Khi nim user v group..........................................................................................943.2. Khi nim quyn hn...............................................................................................983.3. Thit k h thng user v group ...........................................................................1003.4. To user v group ..................................................................................................1013.5. Login Script ...........................................................................................................105

4. Qun tr h thng thmc v files........................................................................1064.1 C%u trc th mc ca Windows 2000 ....................................................................106


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NET 4

4.2 Thit k h thng th mc cho ng!i dng............................................................1074.3 Qu&n l quyn truy cp...........................................................................................1074.4 C%p pht hn ngch +a (quota) .............................................................................111

5. Ci t client, Truy nhp vo mng......................................................................1135.1. Hiu hnh DOS.................................................................................................1135.2. Hiu hnh WINDOWS 9X...............................................................................116

5.3. Truy nhp vo Workstation khc trong mng (mng ngang hng) .......................118 6. Qun tr phng tin lu tr................................................................................118

6.1. Mt s khi nim..................................................................................................1186.2. Qu&n l +a cng....................................................................................................120

7. Qun tr dch v in n trn mng..........................................................................1217.1. Nguyn l in %n trn windows 2000 : ....................................................................1217.2. Mt kiu c%u hnh in trn mng:............................................................................122

8. Qun tr sao lu dliu..........................................................................................1258.1. Khi nim ..............................................................................................................125

8.2. Sao lu h thng....................................................................................................1258.3. Sao lu d* liu......................................................................................................126

9. Mt s dch v mng ca Windows 2000..............................................................1279.1. Giao thc c%u hnh my ng (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol -DHCP).1279.2. Domain Name System (DNS) ...............................................................................130

10. Tch hp Novell Netware vi Windows 2000 .....................................................133X.1. Kh& n,ng lin kt vi Novell Netware .................................................................13410.2. G"n kt vi NWLink ...........................................................................................13410.3. C%u hnh d'ch v cng ni cho Novell ................................................................134

11. Mt s tin ch .......................................................................................................136

TI!N THU"T NG................................................................................................139

TI LIU THAM KHO..............................................................................................144


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NET 5

PH-N I

NH.NG V/N 0 C1 BN V0 MNG MY TNH

1. CC KHI NIM V0 MNG MY TNH

1.1 Khi nim v mng (Network concepts).

Mng my tnh l tp h2p cc my tnh v cc thit b'2c lin kt vi nhauthng qua !ng truyn vt l hoc lgc (mi tr!ng truyn thng communication medium) v tun theo nh*ng qui t"c truyn thng no g3i lmng my tnh.

Mng my tnh 2c thit lp c th chia s4 cc ti nguyn mng.!ng truyn (mi tr!ng truyn thng) dng truyn dn tn hiu in t5

(electronic signal). !ng truyn c th l h*u tuyn hoc v tuyn.- Cc qui t"c truyn thng l c# s( cc my tnh c th lin lc 2c vi

nhau.- Ti nguyn mng bao g6m: thit b' phn cng, d* liu v ng dng.- Ch th lm vic trn h thng mng: con ng!i

1.2 #ng dng ca mng my tnh trong cc t chc.

Mng 2c s5 dng ch yu chia s4, dng chung ti nguyn, v giao tiptr$c tuyn.

Chia s4 thit b' ngoi vi (devices): +a mng, my in, modem, v mt sthit b' khc c th2c ci t trn mng m3i ng!i c th dng chung ccthit b' ny.

Chia s4 d* liu (Data): cc my trn mng u c th cp nht v khai thcthng tin t7 my ch dng chung trn h thng mng.

Chia s4 file (file sharing): cc my tnh trn mng c th chia s4 vic s5 dngcc file vi nhau.

Chia s4 cc ng dng: c th ci t cc ng chy trn mng c th khaithc t7 nhiu my trn mng hoc thit lp cc ng dng lm vic theo nhmtrn mng.

H8 h2 giao tip (lin lc) trn mng: ch9ng hn nh g5i nhn thng ip(message), tn gu (chat - instant message), th in t5 (e-mail); reminder,schedule,

Qu&n l tp trung v b&o mt ti nguyn.

1.3 Mt s yu t c trng ca mng

!ng truyn:L ph#ng tin dng truyn tn hiu in t5 (electric signal) gi*a cc nt

mng, cc tn hiu ny l thng tin 2c biu th' di dng cc xung nh'p. Ty


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NET 6

theo iu kin k: thut ng!i ta c th s5 dng cc loi !ng truyn khc nhau,c hai kiu !ng truyn:- !ng truyn h*u tuyn: Cc nt mng 2c ni vi nhau tr$c tip b;ng dy

cp kim loi hoc cp quang (fibre optic).- !ng truyn v tuyn: Cc nt mng 2c ni vi nhau thng qua cc thit

b'iu ch/gi&i iu ch (modulation and demodulation) v truyn tn hiu

qua sng v tuyn.Kin trc mng (network architecture)Kin trc mng my tnh (network architecture) th hin cch thc ni cc

my tnh, thit b' mng vi nhau v tp h2p cc quy t"c, quy c m t%t c& ccth$c th tham gia truyn thng trn mng ph&i tun theo &m b&o cho mnghot ng tt.

Kin trc mng bao g6m ton b nh*ng thit k v nn t&ng ca mng.Khi ni n kin trc ca mng ng!i ta mun ni ti hai v%n l hnh

trng mng (Network topology) v giao thc mng (Network protocol).- Network Topology: Cch thc kt ni cc my tnh vi nhau v mt hnh h3c

m ta g3i l topo ca mng. Cc hnh trng mng c#b&n l: hnh sao, hnhbus, hnh vng.

- Network Protocol: Tp h2p cc quy c truyn thng gi*a cc th$c thtruyn thng m ta g3i l giao thc (hay nghi thc) ca mng. Cc b giaothc th!ng gp nh%t l: TCP/IP, NETBIOS, IPX/SPX, . . .

Hiu hnh mngHiu hnh mng l mt phn mm h thng mng (Network Operating

System) lm nhim v qu&n l cc lu6ng thng tin vo ra, kim tra v pht hinsai st ca thit b', qu&n l v phn chia ti nguyn, qu&n l h thng tp tin, thi

hnh ch b&o mt.Cc chc n,ng chnh ca hiu hnh mng:+ Qu&n l ng!i dng v cc cng vic trn h thng: Hiu hnh &m b&o

giao tip gi*a ng!i s5 dng vi cc ch#ng trnh ng dng, gi*a cc ng dngvi thit b' ca h thng.

+ Cung c%p cc d'ch v mng (network services) v cc tin ch (utilities)cho vic khai thc h thng.

+ B&o mt h thng mng.Cc hiu hnh mng thng dng hin nay l: Windows NT, Windows

2000, Unix (Sco Unix, Digial Unix, Sun Solaris), Linux (Redhat linux, DebianLinux,..), Novell netware.

My ch mng(Server) v my trm (Workstation)- Server: My ch mng th!ng l mt my tnh c c%u hnh mnh, 2c

ci t hiu hnh mng cng vi cc d'ch v mng (network services) v


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NET 7

cc tin ch lm nhim v cung c%p ti nguyn, d'ch v mng ti ng!i s5dng v qu&n l mng (network supervising).

- Workstation: my thnh vin trn mng th!ng 2c ng!i s5 dng dng khai thc cc ti nguyn v d'ch v mng.

1.4 Phn loi mng my tnh.

* Phn loi mng theo phm vi ni my:- Mng LAN (Local Area Network): L mt mng my tnh (quy m nh< kt

ni cc my tnh trong phm vi mt v,n phng, c#quan hoc tr!ng h3c (cbn knh c=vi tr,m mt n vi km), mng ny th!ng c tc truynthng ln. N cn 2c g3i l mng cc b.

- Mng MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): L mt mng 2c ci t trongphm vi mt th' hay trumg tm kinh t x hi (bn knh kho&ng 100km).

- Mng WAN (Wide Area Network): L mt mng my tnh din rng cphm vi bao trm mt quc gia hay lc 'a.

- Mng GAL (Global Area Network): Mt mng ton cu, kt ni cc h thngmng trn ton cu.

* Phn loi mng theo cch thc khai thc/chia s4 d* liu+ Mng ngang hng (Peer-to-Peer): T%t c& cc my tnh trong mng u c vai

tr nh nhau v t%t c&u c th chia s4 ti nguyn vi nhau.Cc hiu hnh 2c s5 dng trong mng ngang hng nh:

- Windows for workgroup (Windows 3.11).- Lantastic Antisoft- Windows 98/ME/2K/XP

+ Mng phn quyn (Client/Server): T%t c& cc my tnh trong mng (mykhch Client) u khai thc v chia s4 ti nguyn thng qua mt my chphc v (Server).Cc hiu hnh mng phn quyn (client/server) ph bin nh:

- Novell NetWare (2.x / 3.x / 4.x /5.x/6.x).- Win dows NT , Windows 2000

* Phn loi theo cch thc ni my+ im im (point to point)+ Qu&ng b (broadcast)

* Phn loi theo ph#ng thc chuyn mch+ Chuyn mch knh (Circuit Switching Network)+ Chuyn mch thng ip (Message Switching Network)+ Chuyn mch gi (Packet Switching Network)

2. CHU$N MNG

2.1 Chun


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NET 8

2.1.1 Khi nim

Trong cng nghip truyn thng, t7 lu cc chun 2c ch%p nhn nhl yu cu cn thit qu&n l cc c tnh v th tc, in t5 v vt l cathit b' truyn thng. qua cho php cc thit b' t#ng tc vi nhau.- Cc u im ca vic xy d$ng v tun theo chun:

o

&m b&o cho mt th' tr!ng rng ln cho cc thit b' v phn mm.o Cho php cc s&n phm ca cc nh cung c%p khc nhau truyn

thng 2c vi nhau- Cc nh2c im:

o Khng thay i cng ngh (Freeze technology)o C th c nhiu chun cho c$ng mt loi thit b'.

Cc t chc quc t chnh, quan tr3ng trong vic xy d$ng v a ra ccchun :

- Internet Society- ISO- ITU-T (formally CCITT)

ISO (International Standards organization): l t chc tiu chun quc t lmvic di s$ b&o tr2ca Lin h2p quc vi cc thnh vin l cc c#quan tiuchun quc gia, trong ISO 2c chia thnh cc y ban k: thut ph trch ccl+nh v$c khc nhau. Cc cng trnh chun ha sau khi 2c ISO biu quytthng qua s>2c cng b nh tiu chun quc t chnh thc (InternationalStandard - IS).

CCITT (Commite Consultatif International pour le Telegraphe et la Telephone):T chc t v%n quc t vin tn v in thoi, lm vic di s$ b&o tr2ca Lin h2p quc vi cc thnh vin l c#quan bu chnh vi?n thng cacc quc gia hoc cc hng xuyn quc gia. Cc tiu chun ca CCITT 2ccoi l cc khuyn ngh'. CCITT ban hnh khuyn ngh' loi V: lin quann v%n truyn d* liu, loi X: lin quan n cc mng truyn d* liucng cng ...

S$ t6n ti ca c& hai t chc gi&i thch cho s$ giao thoa gi*a cc chc n,ngx5 l v truyn tin trong cc ng dng vi?n thng-tin h3c.

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Vin k: thut in t5,mt t chc a ra cc chun c th ca mng.

ANSI (American National Standards Institute): l t chc ca cc nhm doanhnghip v cng nghip M:, chuyn pht trin cc tiu chun th#ng mi vtruyn thng: m, b&ng ch* ci, l2c 6 tn hiu.


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NET 9

Common Open Software Environment (COSE): Mi tr!ng chung cho phnmm m(

Open Software Foundation (OSF): c#s(phn mm m(

SQL Access Group (SAG): Nhm truy cp ngn ng* h


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NET 10

Lin lc gi*a cc tng ngang hng

Tng th i ca mt my tnh s> hi thoi vi tng th i ca mt my khc.Cc qui t"c v qui c 2c dng trong vic hi thoi 2c g3i l giao

thc (protocol) ca mc i.Gi*a m8i cp tng k nhau t6n ti mt giao din (interface) xc 'nh cc

thao tc v cc d'ch v m tng di cung c%p cho tng trn.M8i tng s> truy cp vi tng trn v di n thng qua cc im truy cp

d'ch v (Service Access Point -SAP).Trong th$c t d* liu khng 2c truyn tr$c tip t7 tng th i ca ca myny sang tng th i ca my khc (ring tng 1 d* liu truyn tr$c tip). M8itng chuyn d* liu v thng tin iu khin xung tng ngay di n v tip tccho n tng 1. ) tng 1 s> c !ng truyn thng vt l ti tng th%p nh%t camy t#ng ng v t7 d* liu v thng tin iu khin li 2c truyn ng2cln cc tng trn. Nh vy ( cc tng trn tng 1 s> ch xc 'nh cc !ng

Application(ng dng)

Presentation(trnh by)

Session(giao d'ch)

Transport(giao vn)

Data link(lin kt d* liu)

Physical(vt l)

Network(mng)

7

6

5

4

3

1

2

Application(ng dng)

Presentation(trnh by)

Session(giao d'ch)

Transport(giao vn)

Data link(lin kt d* liu)

Physical(vt l)

Network(mng)

Tng H thng A H thng B

Ph#ng tin truyn vt l

M hnh OSI

Ccchc

n,ngmng

Cc

chcn,ngng!i

s5 dng


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NET 11

truyn LOGIC ti tng t#ng ng ca cc my khc. (!ng t nt biu th'!ng truyn LOGIC, !ng lin nt biu th'!ng truyn vt l).

V d: Gi& s5 c 2 my A v B cn truyn d* liu cho nhau. (Gi& thit d*liu 2c to ra ti tng ng dng - tng 7 - ca my A).

Thng tin xu%t pht t7 mc 7 ca my A chuyn ti mc 6 bao g6m thng tin

ca mc 7 cng vi phn Header ca mc su. C nh vy cho n mc 1 v2c chuyn ra !ng truyn. Thng tin nhn 2c (mc 1 ca my B 2ckim tra phn Header ca chnh mc 1 nu ng th phn Header s>2c c"t b bo li cho my A truyn li. Qu trnh c tip tc nh vy cho timc 7 ca my B.

!ng truyn d* liu trong OSI:

T%ng 1 (physical - vt l):

SendingProcess

Application

Network

Presentation

Transport

Data Link

Session

Ph sica

Actual data transmission pathPhysical medium

ReceivingProcess

Transport

Network

Data Link

Ph sica

Session

Presentation

ApplicationApplication protocol

Presentation protocolAH PDU

Session protocolPH PDU

Transportprotocol SH PDU

Networkprotoc

TH PDU

Data linkprotocolNH PDU

BitsBits DT

Data

PDU


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NET 12

Tng ny khng xc 'nh r ph#ng tin vt l nhng n vn nu r nh*ngyu cu v nh*ng ph#ng tin k: thut cn thit trn ph#ng din vt l (ch9nghn cc cable mng ph h2p chun IEEE 802.2). Cung c%p cc ph#ng tinin, c#hm v th tc kh(i ng, duy tr v hy b< cc lin kt vt l chophp truyn cc dng d* liu (dng bit.

Tng physical 'nh ngh+a cch kt ni dy cp vi card mng, v d n 'nh

r b ni c bao nhiu chn, k: thut truyn no 2c dng g5i d* liu lncp mng. Tng ny ch'u trch nhim truyn d* liu theo m nh' phn, n 'nhr m ha d* liu v s$6ng b ha bit, b&o &m r;ng khi my ngu6n g5i bt 1,my ch s> nhn 2c bt 1.

Cc thnh phn hot ng (tng vt l:

B chuyn tip (repeater), l mt thit b' mng n lp li tn hiu t7 mt cngr6i chuyn tip n nh*ng cng khc. N khng l3c hoc di?n gi&i iu g mch lp li khuych i tn hiu truyn trn mng (Amplifiy signal khuychi tn hiu). Do vyh cc thit b' loi ny th!ng khuch i c& tn hiu nhi?u

(noise signal) .T%ng 2 (data link - lin kt d* liu):

Tng ny lm nhim v nhn nhn d* liu t7 tng mng (network layer) r6ichia thnh cc khung d* liu (data frame) v g5i n tng vt l (physical layer).Ti u nhn, tng ny ng gi d* liu th (cha x5 l) t7 tng physical thnht7ng khung d* liu. Ti tng ny c th$c hin vic iu khin lu6ng, c"t/h2p d*liu v pht hin sai st.

Tm li tng data link ch'u trch nhim chuyn khung d* liu khng l8i t7nt mng ny sang nt mng khc thng qua tng physical. Thng th!ng khi

g5i mt khung d* liu n ch!tn hiu bo nhn t7 nt nhn.Tng data link ca nt nhn s> d tm b%t c v%n no c th x&y ra trong

qu trnh truyn. Khung d* liu no khng 2c bo nhn hoc b' h tn trongqu trnh truyn s> b' g5i tr& li.

Tng data link 2c chia lm 2 lp ph l:

- iu khin truy nhp ph#ng tin (Media Access Control MAC): lp phMAC iu khin vic truy nhp thit b', ph#ng tin truyn thng truyn d*liu t7 tng MAC ca thit b' ny sang tng MAC ca thit th' kia (ch9ng hncard mng).

C th tng MAC s> qu&n l cc thit b' mng truy cp vo mi tr!ng truynthng, cung c%p 'a ch (MAC Address) lin lc gi*a cc thit b' trn mng.

- iu khin lin kt logic (Logical Link Control LLC): tng ny lm nhimv giao tip vi tng trn, kim sot lu6ng v l8i, thit lp v duy tr lin ktgi*a cc th$c th tham gia truyn thng.

Thnh phn hot ng:


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NET 13

Cu ni (bridge - thit b' mng ti tng lin kt d* liu): Bridge lm nhimv chuyn cc khung d* liu (data frame) t7 mng ny sang mng khc (cuni gi* cc mng). Nh!vic kim tra 'a ch MAC ti tng lin kt d* liunn n c th pht hin ra ch n ca khung d* liu l n;m trong mnghay ngoi mng d$a vo mt b&ng 'a ch MAC (MAC Address table) cacc nt (Node) trong mng. Khi mt khung d* liu n, Bridge kim tra 'a

chch ca khung v a khung n mng cha thit b'ch hoc nt ch.Nu nt ch (cng mng vi nt ngu6n bridge s> khng a n cc mngkhc. Nu cu khng tm 2c 'a chch, n a khung n t%t c& ccmng tr7 mng ngu6n.

T%ng 3 (network - mng):

Tng mng 2c hnh thnh nh;m &m b&o trao i thng tin gi*a cc mngcon trong mt h thng mng ln. Tng ny quyt 'nh !ng i cho cc gi sliu, kh& n,ng 'nh tuyn d$a trn c#chnh 'a ch thng nh%t m lp mngqui 'nh cho cc nt mng. Ngoi ra n cn kim sot dng d* liu trn cc

tuyn trnh t"c ngh>n hoc m%t mt thng tin. Tm li tng ny ph trchnh*ng vic sau:

- Ch3n !ng i, cung c%p 'a ch.

- Kim sot l8i v thng l2ng.

- Chuyn mch v d3n !ng.

- Chia thng tin li thnh t7ng b v l$a ch3n !ng i n ch cho t7ngb khc nhau sao cho th!i gian truyn tin l ng"n nh%t v tin cy nh%t.

- H2p nh%t cc b thng tin ti nt nhn.

Tng ny ph trch vic thit lp cc tuyn !ng gi*a cc nt mng khcnhau. Chnh nh!tng ny m cc mng l"p theo cc chun khc nhau c th linkt vi nhau.* 'nh 'a ch trn tng mng: Tng mng lm nhim vnh 'a ch cc mytham gia truyn thng trn mng. 'a ch ny ch l 'a ch Logic thay thcho cc 'a ch vt l, v trong cc mng ln vic s5 dng 'a ch ch vt l lkhng th$c t, khng p ng 2c yu cu truyn tin. Tng mng s5 dng 'ach logic 'nh tuyn (Router) v l3c b< gi tin (packet filter).* Phn phi gi tin: Mt gi tin 2c g5i t7 mt phn trn mng ca my ngu6nv i theo nhiu con !ng khc nhau ca mng n my ch. Tng mng s>

gim st qu trnh ch3n !ng truyn v phn phi gi tin qua mng.* Cc k: thut chuyn mch c# b&n: chuyn mch knh (Circuit switching),chuyn mch thng ip (Message switching), chuyn mch gi (Packetswitching).

+ Chuyn mch knh (Circuit switching): Khi c hai nt cn truyn thng vinhau th gi*a chng s> thit lp mt knh c'nh v duy tr kt ni cho tikhi hai bn ng"t lin lc. Cc d* liu ch truyn i theo con !ng c'nh .K: thut ny cung c%p cho cc thit b' mt b,ng tn xc 'nh. Ph#ng php ny


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NET 14

c u im l !ng truyn thng sut, tc n 'nh. Nhng c@ng c ccnh2c im nh qu trnh thit lp s$ kt ni thit b' chm, !ng truyn b'chim gi* ngay c& khi khng c d* liu truyn qua dn n lng ph !ngtruyn.

+ K: thut chuyn thng ip (Message switching): thng ip l mt #n v' d*liu ca ng!i s5 dng c khun dng 2c quy 'nh trc. M8i thng ip tinc cha cc thng tin iu khin trong ch r ch cn truyn ti ca thngip. C,n c vo thng tin iu khin ny m m8i nt trung gian c th chuynb&n tin ti nt k tip trn con !ng dn ti ch ca b&n tin. K: thut ny cth dng chung knh d* liu nng cao hiu su%t s5 dng gi&i tn, c kh& n,nglu tr* b&n tin n khi c knh truyn v vy gi&m mt n t"c trn mng. Tuynhin nh2c im chnh ca n l khng ph h2p vi cc ng dng th$c t nhtruyn d* liu,truyn thanh.

+ K: thut chuyn mch gi (Packet switching): (y b&n tin hoc thng ip

2c chia ra thnh nhiu gi nh< h#n 2c g3i l cc gi tin (packet/diagram)c khun dng qui 'nh trc. M8i gi tin c@ng cha cc thng tin iu khin,trong c 'a ch ngu6n (ng!i g5i) v 'a chch (ng!i nhn) ca gi tin.Cc gi tin ca cng mt tin bo c th2c g(i i qua mng ti ch theonhiu con !ng khc nhau. Chuyn mch gi khng lu tr* gi tin lu (v kchthc packet < mesage) nn tuyn !ng ca gi tin qua mng s> nhanh v hiuqu& h#n so vi k: thut chuyn mch tin.

* Loi giao thc: Tng mng trong m hnh OSI xc 'nh 'nh tuyn cc gitin t7 my ngu6n n my ch qua nhiu mng khc nhau. Trong tng ny s5dng hai loi giao thc c# b&n truyn tin l: Giao thc hng kt ni(Connection Oriented ) v Giao thc khng hng kt ni (Connectionless).

+ Giao thc hng kt ni (Connection Oriented): Trong giao thc bao gi!c@ngthit lp kt ni (Connection) trc khi truyn s liu, tc l gi*a nt ch v ntngu6n s> thit lp mt lin kt logic truyn s liu (phn phi cc mt cchc thc t$ cc gi tin qua knh logic ny v c bo nhn &m b&o d* liu nch mt cch tin cy).

+ Giao thc khng hng kt ni (Connectionless): Trong giao thc ny vicphn phi cc gi tin d$a vo 'a ch ch m khng thit lp kt ni(connectionless) v bo nhn. (tc l nt phn phi gi tin khng bit 2c gi

tin pht i c n ch hay khng).

* Thnh phn hot ng: B'nh tuyn (router) thit b' mng hot ng ti tngmng. B'nh tuyn ti tng mng d$a vo b&ng 'nh tuyn (routing table) l$a ch3n !ng i ph h2p cho gi tin nhn 2c. Cc b&ng 'nh tuyn c tht+nh (static) hoc ng (dynamic).

T%ng 4 (transport - giao vn, vn chuyn):


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NET 15

Trong m hnh tham chiu th!ng chia ra 3 tng cao (Application,Presentation,Session) v 4 tng th%p (Transport, Network, Data link, Physical).Cc tng th%p quan tm n vic p ng vic truyn s liu gi*a cc h thngcui (end systems) qua #h#ng tin truyn thng, cn tng cao tp trung png cc yu cu ca ng dng v ng!i s5 dng.

Tng giao vn l tng cao nh%t ca nhm cc tn th%p, n ph trch vic lu

chuyn thng tin trn mng mt cch trong sut i vi cc tng cao. Do cc tnh n,ng mc ny ph&i &m b&o l:+ Kim sot vic truyn s liu t7 nt ti nt (end to end):

. 6ng nh%t mt nt b;ng mt 'a ch duy nh%t.

. Nhn bit mng v hot ng 2c vi c& mng hng kt ni(Connection oriented) v c& khng hng kt ni (Connectionless).. Ph&i nhn bit 2c ch%t l2ng d'ch v (Quality of Service QoS) cang!i s5 dng v kh& n,ng cung c%p d'ch v ca tng bn di.

+ Kh"c phc sai st: Trong qu trnh truyn c liu c th x&y ra sai st thtng giao vn ph&i c kh& n,ng kh"c phc cc sai st b;ng cc c#ch bo

nhn v truyn li cc gi tin (packet/diagram).+ Ghp knh, c"t/h2p d* liu nu cn: Khi l2ng d* liu truyn c th lnhoc nh


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NET 16

- Thit lp cc im 6ng b ho trong cc hi thoi v khi xy ra s$ c c thkhi phc li vic hi thoi b"t u t7 mt im 6ng b ho tho& thun.

- Ng"t mt hi thoi v khi phc li hi thoi sau t7 mt im xc 'nhtrc.

T%ng 6 (presentation - trnh by):

Tng trnh by ch'u trch nhim biu di?n thng tin, chuyn i d* liu g5i

i trn mng t7 mt loi biu di?n ny sang mt loi biu di?n khc. Ch9ng hnnh cc k: thut nn d* liu trc khi truyn i, sau nhn 2c v khi phctr(li.

Tng trnh by c@ng l tng c th dng k: thut m ho xo trn d* liutrc khi truyn i v gi&i m sau khi nhn li nh;m &m b&o vic b&o mt v anton s liu trn !ng truyn.

Tng ny c@ng &m b&o cho cc h thng cui thuyn thng 2c vi nhaungay c& khi chng s5 dng cc biu di?n d* liu khc nhau. lm 2c iu n cung c%p mt biu di?n chung dng trong truyn thng v cho phpchuyn i t7 bi?u di?n cc b sang biu di?n chung .

T6n ti 3 dng c php thng tin 2c trao i gi*a cc th$c thngdng, l:

+ C php dng b(i th$c thng dng Ngu6n+ C php dng b(i th$c thng dng ch+ C php 2c dng gi*a cc th$c th tng trnh di?n.

* D'ch v ca tng Phin:

Tng phin c hai loi d'ch v c#b&n- D'ch v loi th nh%t: dng biu di?n d* liu ca ng!i dng (d* liu cc

b) thnh dng d* liu chung.Cc nhim v ca loi 1:+ Th#ng l2ng v c php truyn: vi m8i kiu d* liu ng!i dng chotrc, mt c php truyn 2c th#ng l2ng.+ Chuyn i: d* liu cung c%p b(i ng!i s5 dng 2c chuyn i thnhbiu di?n theo c php truyn truyn i; ng2c li, d* liu nhn 2c s>2c chuyn i t7 biu di?n theo c php truyn sang biu di?n ca ng!is5 dng.

- D'ch v loi th hai: cho php cc th$c thng dng c th s5 dng cc d'chv tng phin qu&n l hi thoi.

T%ng 7 (application - ng dng):L tng cao nh%t ca m hnh OSI, tng ng dng trn gi&i quyt cc k: thut

m cc ch#ng trnh ng dng c th trao i vi mng.Tng ny phc v tr$c tip cho ng!i s5 dng trn mng vi cc d'ch v

mng v ph#ng tin cn thit truy cp mi tr!ng OSI.

2.3 M hnh tham chiu TCP/IP


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NET 17

B giao thc TCP/IP ph


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NET 18

* So snh vi m hnh tham chiu OSI:


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NET 19

2.4 Mt s chun mng

2.4.1 SLIP v PPP

SLIP l mt giao thc u tin (RFC 1055) dng chuyn tip cc gi tin(IP Packets) qua !ng truyn quay s (Dial-up lines). n nay th SLIP hongton b' thay th b(i PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol). PPP l mt giao thc phn

tng (a layered protocol) 2c thit k h8 tr2vic thit lp lin kt truycp mng b;ng quay s cho nhiu b giao thc truyn t&i khc nhau. SLIP lgiao thc #n gi&n hot ng nh ( tng vt l, PPP l mt giao thc t,ngc!ng hot ng ging nh tng vt l v tng lin kt d* liu. Cc hiu hnhca Microsoft h8 tr2c& SLIP v PPP (my trm nhng server ch h8 tr2 PPP.

- SLIP 2c s5 dng trn cc h thng c@, ch h8 tr2giao thc TCP/IP v chhot ng trn h thng s5 dng 'a ch IP t+nh.

- PPP h8 tr2giao thc TCP/IP, NetBeui, IPX, AppleTalk v c& DECNet, h8tr2 cc giao thc h8n h2p. PPP hot ng c& trn h thng dng 'a ch t+nh(static) v ng (DHCP).

2.4.2 B tiu chun IEEE 802

H3 tiu chun IEEE do Vin k: thut in t5a ra, nh*ng tiu chun nyhng v vic kt ni gi*a card giao din mng (NIC) v cc ph#ng tintruyn. Nh*ng tiu chun ny 2c thng qua h thng ISO, h3 tiu chunny bao g6m:

Aplication

Presentation

Session

Transport

NetworkData Link

Physical SLIP PPP

Mi quan h gi*a SLIP, PPPv m hnh OSI

Aplication

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical 802.3

Mi quan h gi*a cc tiu chun IEEE802 v m hnh OSI

802.4 802.5 802.6 802.9 802.11802.12

802.1

802.10


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NET 20

IEEE 802.1 (High Level Interface): Tiu chun ny i vi tng Data Linkca m hnh OSI, y l mt chun tng qut cho qu&n tr' mng v cung c%p ccchun qu&n tr' mng cho cc tiu chun 802 khc.

IEEE 802.2 (Logical Link Control): Tiu chun ny 'nh ngh+a mt lp phLLC 2c s5 dng b(i cc giao thc tng th%p h#n. Cc giao thc tng mng cth2c thit kc lp trong c& tng vt l v s$ th$c hin ( lp ph MAC,tiu chun ny t 2c s5 dng..

IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD): Tiu chun ny 2c pht trin b(i Digital, Intel,Xerox, tiu chun ny 'nh ngh+a cc tnh ch%t c lin quan ti tng con MAC.Lp con MAC s5 dng kiu truy cp tranh ch%p Carrier Sense Multiple Access

with Collision Dection (CSMA/CD). K: thut ny lm gi&m s$ tc ng caxung t b;ng cch gip cho m8i thit b' trong mng xc 'nh 2c n c ang(trng thi t+nh hay khng, mt thit b' s> th5 truyn i khi no mng ang thng. Khi cc thit b' truyn i, chng tip tc xem xt r;ng n c x&y raxung t hay khng. Khi c xung t x&y ra, t%t c& cc thit b'u ng7ng truynv g5i mt tn hiu jamming gip thng bo t%t c& cc trm khc v s$ xungt ny. Sau m8i thit b' ch! mt kho&ng th!i gian ngu nhin trc khitruyn th5 li.

IEEE 802.4 (Token Bus): Tiu chun ny 'nh ra mt mng vi cc giaothc BUS vt l m iu khin s$ truy cp cc ph#ng tin vi mt c#c%u d%u

hiu. Tiu chun ny 2c thit kp ng nhu cu ca h thng t$ngcng nghip, tiu chun ny t 2c s5 dng.IEEE 802.5 (Token ring): Tiu chun ny b"t ngu6n t7 IBM, mng ny dng

c%u trc ring topology v iu khin ph#ng tin d$a theo vngIEEE 802.6 (Metropolitan Area Network - MAN): Tiu chun ny 'nh

ngh+a mt tiu chun MAN g3i l Distributed Queue Dual-Bus (DQDB), DQDBthch h2p vi vic truyn d* liu, gi3ng ni v video. Mng ny d$a vo dy cpquang trong bus topology hai hng, kh& n,ng t&i trn m8i bus u 2c iukhin nhiu chiu, tiu chun ny t 2c s5 dng.

IEEE 802.7 (Broadband Technical Advisory Group): Tiu chun ny gip

gi&i quyt nh*ng gi&i php v b,ng tn rng tch h2p trong mi tr!ng mng,tiu chun ny hin vn ang 2c pht trin.IEEE 802.8 (Fiber Optic Technical Advisory Group): Tiu chun ny gi&i

quyt cc ph#ng php b xung k: thut cp quang vo trong mi tr!ng mng.IEEE 802.9 (Integrated Data and Voice Networks): Tiu chun ny h8 tr2

knh truyn b%t 6ng b 10 Mbps cng vi knh 9664 Kbps dnh cho dng d*liu ring bit. Tiu chun ny 2c g3i l Isochromous Ethernet (IsoEnet).


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NET 21

IEEE 802.10 (Standards for Interoperable LAN Security): Tiu chun nygi&i quyt nh*ng v%n v tnh b&o mt v m ha, hin ang 2c pht trin.

IEEE 802.11 (Wireless LAN): L tiu chun cho mng cc b LAN khngdy, Ph#ng thc CSMA/CD 2c ph chun, hin ang 2c pht trin.

IEEE 802.14: Tiu chun ny dng cho vic truyn d* liu qua !ng dycp TV, tiu chun ny vn ang 2c pht trin nh;m tip cn Internet qua

!ng truyn TV.IEEE 802.3 v IEEE 802.5 media: Tiu chun ny m t& tnh n,ng v mc

ch ca cc ph#ng tin s5 dng trong IEEE 802.3 v IEEE 802.5. IEEE 802.2c lp v topology, IEEE 802.3 d$a trn ethernet, IEEE 802.5 d$a trn ringtopology l nh*ng tiu chun thng dng nh%t ca IEEE 802. Tiu chun IEEE802.3 m t& cc ph#ng php tn hiu (c& trn b,ng tn c#s(v b,ng tn rng),tc d* liu, cc ph#ng tin v c%u trc lin kt. Tiu chun ny quy 'nh cth cc ph#ng tin truyn dn vt l nh cp xo"n, cp 6ng trc, cp quang.

2.4.3NDIS v ODI

Tiu chun NDIS (network driver interface specification), 2c pht trinb(i Microsoft v 3COM, tiu chun ny m t& giao din gi*a giao thc vnchuyn mng v trnh iu khin mng ca tng datalink. NDIS c chc n,ngcung c%p mt ranh gii trung gian gi*a ng&i cung cp giao thc vn chuy'nv biu khi'n card mng, cc nhm giao thc t#ng thch NDIS c thhot ng vi card mng. NDIS 'nh ngh+a mt ph#ng php kt h2p cc giaothc h8n h2p thnh mt trnh iu khin #n biu khin c th h8 tr26ngth!i cc giao tip.

ODI (open datalink interface), pht trin b(i Novell v Apple, hot ngcng chc n,ng nh NDIS. ODI cung c%p nh*ng qui t"c gip thit lp mt giaodin trung gian vi ng&i cung cp, gia nhm giao thc v trnh iukhi'n card mng. Giao din ny c@ng gip cho mt hay nhiu trnh iu khinmng c th h8 tr2mt hay nhiu giao thc.

NDIS v ODI l nh*ng tiu chun gip cho card mng hot ng tt trongmi tr!ng ca hiu hnh.

3.HNH TRNG MNG (NETWORK TOPOLOGY)

My tnh v thit b' x5 l thng tin khc c th ni vi nhau to thnh mt

mng g3i chung l mng my tnh. Cch ni cc my tnh v tp h2p cc qui t"cm t%t c& cc th$c th tham gia truyn thng trn mng ph&i tun theo mngc th hot ng 2c 2c g3i l kin trc mng. Cch ni cc my tnh 2cg3i l hnh trng (topology) ca mng. Topology ca mng 2c p dng chomng cc b (LAN) hoc l mng din rng, trong th$c t ch c nh*ng mngmy tnh vi qui m nh< l p dng mt topology no , nh*ng mng my tnhln th!ng 2c t chc theo nh*ng topology h8n h2p. Cc kiu topology diy l cc kiu c#b&n.


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NET 22

3.1. Star topology

(dng hnh sao, t%t c& cc my trm u ni tr$c tip vo biu khin trungtm c nhim v nhn tn hiu t7 cc trm v chuyn tn hiu n trm ch.

Ty theo yu cu truyn thng trong mng, thit b' truyn thng c th l mtb chuyn mch (SWITCH), mt b ch3n !ng (Router) hoc ch#n gi&n lmt b phn knh (HUB).

Vai tr ca b trung tm ny l lin kt im-im (point-to-point) gi*a ccmy trong mng.- u im :

+ L"p t #n gi&n.+ D? dng c%u hnh li (thm, bt my trm).+ D? dng kim sot v kh"c phc s$ c.+ Tn dng 2c ti tc ca !ng truyn vt l.

- Nh2c im:+ di ca !ng truyn ni t7 mt my trm ti trung tm b' hn ch.+ Khi biu khin trung tm c s$ c s>&nh h(ng n ton mng.+ Cn nhiu cp h#n dng bus

3.2. Bus topology

( dng BUS t%t c& cc my trm phn chia chung mt !ng truyn chnh(bus). !ng truyn chnh 2c gii hn hai u b(i mt loi u ni c bitg3i l Terminator. M8i trm 2c ni vo vo bus qua mt u ni ch T (T-connector) hoc mt b thu pht (Transceiver).

Khi mt trm truyn d* liu, tn hiu 2c qu&ng b (broadcast) trn hai chiuca bus, c ngh+a l m3i trm cn li u c th nhn tn hiu tr$c tip.i vi cc bus mt chiu th tn hiu chI v mt pha, lc terminator

ph&i thit k sao cho cc tn hiu ph&i 2c di li trn bus c thn 2ccc trm cn li (pha bn kia.Nh vy, trong bus topology th d* liu 2c truyn d$a trn cc lin kt im-

nhiu im(point-to-multipoint) hay qu&ng b (broadcast).- u im: L"p t #n gi&n, s5 dng t cp.

HUB/SWITCH

WS

WS

WS

WS


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NET 23

- Nh2c im: Khi c s$ c trn !ng truyn th ton mng ng7ng hotng.

3.3. Ring topology (vng)

( dng vng m8i my trm 2c ni vi vng qua mt b chuyn tip

(repeater) c nhim v nhn tn hiu r6i chuyn n trm k tip trn vng. Nhvy (dng ny tn hiu 2c lu chuyn trn vng theo mt chiu duy nh%t, mtchu8i lin tip cc lin kt im-im gi*a cc repeater.

Giao thc s5 dng cho dng mng ny l chuyn th4 bi (token passing) c%p php truy cp !ng truyn.

- Nh2c im:+ on ni gi*a hai trm h&nh h(ng n ton mng.+ Kin trc li mng kh (thm, bt cc my trm).+ Giao thc truy cp !ng truyn phc tp.

4. CC THI(T B) LIN K(T MNG

4.1. Dy cp mng

Dy cp ng vai tr l ph#ng tin truyn tn hiu gi*a cc nt mng, cnhiu loi cp nh;m p ng qui m ca nhiu loi mng khc nhau. C mt sloi cp th!ng 2c nh sau.

- Cp *ng trc (coxial cable):C &nh h(ng nhi?u th%p, c th truyn tn hiu vi tc cao trn

kho&ng cch ln. Cp 6ng trc c th dng cho gi&i tn c# s( (Baseband) vgi&i tn rng (Broadband).

+ Cp gy (thin coxial cable - 10B2 / IEEE 802.3a): tr(khng 50 , c tha tn hiu i xa n 185 mt.

WS

WS

WSWS


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NET 24

10B2 Cable or "Thin Ethernet"

+ Cp bo (thick coxial cable - 10B5): c tha tn hiu i xa n 500mt. Cp 6ng trc s5 dng cc b ni cp BNC to kt ni gi*a cp v mytnh, gi*a cp v on cp khc. B ni g6m c: b ni hnh ch* T (T-

connector) ni cp v card mng; b ni ng ni gi*a hai on cp (BNC-connector) ; b ni cui (Terminator).

10B5 Cable or "Thick Ethernet"

- Cp khng v+ b,c chng nhi-u (UTP):i dy cp in thoi c th s5 dng truyn d* liu khi tn hiu 2c l3c

nhi?u v kho&ng cch khng ln l"m. Vi loi cp ny mc chng nhi?u,kho&ng cch truyn, gi&i tn c@ng nh s thit b' g"n vo 2c xp (mc trungbnh. Khi truyn (mc cao ( 1Mbps) n to ra sng RF, do ph&i s5 dngthm cc b l3c cn thit. Cp xo"n i trn 10BASET c tha tn hiu n

100 mt. Cp xo"n i dng gi"c c"m RJ45.


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NET 25

Wire pair #1: White/BlueBlue

Wire pair #2: White/OrangeOrange

Wire pair #3: White/Green

GreenWire pair #4: White/Brown

Brown

- Cp c v+ b,c chng nhi-u (STP)

L loi cp c 1 hoc hai i dy n;m trong v< b3c kim loi, v< b3c gi&mnhi?u v gi&m pht sinh sng RF do n cho php truyn d* liu (tc caoh#n trn kho&ng cch ln h#n loi UTP.

- Cp quang 10BASEFL, 10BASEFB (cng ngh cao h#n, cho php truyntn hiu 6ng b)

Trong cp s2i quang, s2i quang truyn tn hiu d* liu di dng s(hnh

thi xung nh sng. Cp ny khng b'&nh h(ng nhi?u in, l t(ng cho cpchy ngoi tr!i hoc gn nh*ng ngu6n in cao th . C kh& n,ng truyn d* liuvi tc r%t ln (hng tr,m n hng nghn Mbps), l gi&i php tt cho !ngtruyn tc cao, lm !ng trc (backbone) cho mng. Cp quang th!ng2c s5 dng cho gi&i tn c#s(.

4.2. V. mch mng (Network Interface Card - NIC)

L thit b'2c l"p t vo khe m( rng (expansion slot) ca my tnh (cth2c tch h2p trn MainBoard), n &m nhim truyn d* liu t7 bus d* liu


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NET 26

ca mt nt (node) (pc, server, printer,...) ti mt nt khc trong mng. Vai trca NIC l chun b' d* liu, g5i d* liu n nt mng khc, kim sot lu6ng d*liu gi*a my tnh v h thng cp.

Chun b dliu: NIC ph&i chuyn i d* liu t7 dng thc m my tnh cth hiu 2c sang dng thc c th truyn qua dy cp mng. D* liu di chuynqua mt my tnh theo cc tuyn g3i l BUS, c th c nhiu tuyn (8 bits, 16bits, 32 bits) cng 2c truyn d* liu d3c theo cc tuyn ny, g3i l truyn songsong. C mt s kin trc bus th!ng dng nh : ISA ( 16 bt d* liu, 32 bit 'a

ch); EISA ( 32 bt d* liu, 16 hoc 32 bt 'a ch); PCI ( 32 hoc 64 bt d* liu,'a ch).

Trn cp mng, d* liu ph&i i theo mt lu6ng bt #n l4, d* liu 2c truyntheo mt hng bt ny ni ui bt kia, g3i l truyn ni tip. NIC tip nhn tnhiu chy song song, s"p xp li c th truyn ni tip theo tuyn rng mtbt ca cp mng. Vic th$c hin chuyn d'ch tn hiu s ca my tnh sang tnhiu in v tn hiu quang do mt thit b' ch'u trch nhim thi hnh g3i l mythu pht (Transceiver, transmitter/receiver).

G/i v ki'm sot dliu: Trc khi NIC (u g5i g5i d* liu, n tin hnh

kim tra vi NIC (u nhn c& hai cng thng nh%t cc tham s:+ Kch thc ti a ca cm d* liu 2c g5i

+ L2ng d* liu 2c g5i i trc khi 2c xc nhn

+ Th!i gian cch qung gi*a nh*ng ln g5i d* liu

+ Th!i gian ch! trc khi tn hiu bo nhn 2c g5i i

+ M8i NIC cha 2c bao nhiu d* liu

+ Vn tc truyn d* liuCc ty ch3n v xc lp c%u hnh

+ Ng"t (IRQ)+ 'a ch cng xu%t/ nhp (I/O) c#s(

+ 'a ch b nh

+ My thu pht (qua gi"c c"m RJ45, BUS, AUI )

4.3. B pht lp (Repeater)


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NET 27

Thit b' trung gian th$c hin chc n,ng chuyn tip (mc vt l, n c tcdng khuych i tn hiu trn !ng truyn do 2c s5 dng ko di cpmng. N khng th s5 dng ni cc mng c cng ngh khc nhau.

B pht lp hot ng ti tng vt l, n tip nhn tn hiu t7 mt on mngti to v truyn n on mng k tip. Mun chuyn gi d* liu qua b phtlp t7on mng ny sang on mng k tip, gi d* liu v giao thc Logical

Link Control (LLC) ph&i ging nhau trn m8i on mng. B pht lp khngd'ch hoc l3c b%t kC tn hiu no, thit b' ny c th hot ng, c& hai onmng ni b chuyn tip ph&i c cng ph#ng php truy cp.

4.4. B tp trung (Hub)

L trung tm ca mng hnh sao (im tp trung cc u dy trong mng).Hub nhn tn hiu ti mt cng (port) v lp li tn hiu (relay and/oramplify/generate signal) trn t%t c& cc cng (port) cn li. Ti m8i th!i im chc mt trm 2c chuyn d* liu. V vy mt hub 10Mbps th c tc tng

cng l 10Mbps.

8-port 3Com Office Connect Hub

- Hub th ng (passive hub): chng ng vai tr nh im kt ni v khngkhuych i (amplify) hay ti to (generate) tn hiu.

- Hub chng (Active hub): ti to v truyn li tn hiu theo cch t#ng t$ cchthc vn hnh ca b chuyn tip (Repeater).

- Hub lai (hybrid hub): cng ngh c&i tin ch%p nhn nhiu loi cp khc nhau, cth m(rng mng b;ng cch lin kt nhiu hub.

Hub l thit b'a n,ng c nhiu tnh n,ng c th dng trong Topology: Star,Star-Bus, Star-Ring. Khi thay i hoc m( rng h thng, !ng dy s> t &nhh(ng n hot ng ca mng. Thit b' Hub c th tp trung, tin cho qutrnh b&o d=ng qu&n l mng.

4.5. Chuy'n mch (Switch)

Chuyn mch 2c pht trin thit k cho mng nhiu on, hoc cc

mng my tnh. Chuyn mch cho php ni mng vi nhau (tc cao.Switch nhn tn hiu t7 mt cng v chuyn tip tn hiu n cng kt ni

vi thit b'ch. Ti m8i th!i im c th c nhiu h#n mt trm truyn d* liu.V vy mt switch 10Mbps th c tc tng cng c th l 10Mbps, 20Mbps, qua ta th%y tc truyn d* liu ca mt switch trn mng hiu qu& h#nhub (tham kh&o hnh v> m t& vic truyn d* liu sau).


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NET 28

Chuyn mch Ethernet: 2c thit k phn chia mng thnh cc segment t,ng gi&i thng cho t7ng segment. Cc chuyn mch hin nay c th s5 dng(mng tc cao nh Fast Ethernet, FDDI/CDDI hoc ATM.

Chuyn mch cho mng din rng (WAN): 2c thit k ni cc mngcc b thnh mng din rng.

4.6. C%u ni (Bridge)

Ni cc on mng phn bit li vi nhau v truyn d* liu qua li gi*achng. N cho php m(rng kch thc ti a ca mng khi gp gii hn nhchiu di cp, gii hn v s l2ng trm.

Cu ni hot ng ti tng Data Link (thuc tng con Media Access Control)nn n khng hiu 2c cc thng tin ( tng cao h#n. Do vy n khng phnbit giao thc ny vi giao thc khc, cu ni c nhim v chuyn t%t c& cc


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NET 29

giao thc d3c theo mng. Khi chuyn d* liu qua mng, ty thuc vo t7ng mytnh quyt 'nh chng c th nhn giao thc no. Cu ni c nhim v:

+ L"ng nghe cc lu thng trn mng

+ Kim tra 'a ch ngu6n v 'a chch ca m8i gi d* liu

+ Xy d$ng b&ng 'nh tuyn

+ Gi d* liu 2c chuyn theo cch thc sau: Nu ch n khng 2c lit ktrong b&ng 'nh tuyn cu ni s> chuyn d* liu n m3i on mng. Nu chn 2c lit k, cu ni s> chuyn gi d* liu n on mng . Cu ni hotng trn nguyn t"c m8i nt mng c 'a ch ring. Mt cu ni chuyn i ccgi d* liu d$a trn 'a ch nt n.

4.7. Bnh tuyn (Router)

B'nh tuyn lm vic ti tng 3 trong m hnh OSI hay tng Internet trongm hnh TCP/IP, n th!ng 2c dng ni hai hay nhiu on mng vi giao

thc v kin trc mng khc nhau. Thit b' ny c chc n,ng quyt 'nh tuyn!ng tt nh%t truyn d* liu v sng l3c gi tin (Packet filter).B'nh tuyn s5 dng b&ng 'nh tuyn (routing table) cha 'a ch ca

cc nt mng, n s5 dng b&ng ny xc 'nh 'a ch cho d* liu n, b&ngny lit k cc thng tin sau:

+ Ton b s'a ch mng

+ Cch kt ni vo cc mng khc

+ Cc l trnh c th c gi*a cc b'nh tuyn

+ Ph tn truyn d* liu qua cc l trnh Cc giao thc 'nh tuyn: DECnet, IP, IPX, OSI, XNS, DDP (AppleTalk)Cc giao thc khng h8 tr2 'nh tuyn: LAT (giao thc ca hng Digital

Equipment), NetBEUI.

B dn !ng chia lm hai loi

+ T+nh (static): i h


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NET 30

Cng kt ni chuyn dng cho tc v c th, chng 2c dnh ring cho mttruyn t&i c th no . V d cng kt ni gi*a Windows NT, Windows 2000v SNA. Cng kt ni tip nhn d* liu t7 mi tr!ng, tc b< ch6ng giao thcc@ v ng gi ch6ng giao thc ca mng ch.

Mt s cng kt ni s5 dng ton b 7 tng ca m hnh OSI, nhng cngkt ni th!ng th$c hin vic chuyn i giao thc ti tng Application. Trong

th$c t mc tnh n,ng thay i ng k gi*a cc loi cng giao tip.

5. CC GIAO THC TRUY0N TRN MNG (PROTOCOL)

5.1 Khi nim

Giao thc l nh*ng nguyn t"c v th tc iu khin s$ giao tip v t#ng tckhi cc my tnh mun lin h vi nhau trong mi tr!ng mng.

C nhiu giao thc, m8i giao thc cho php th$c hin cc cuc giao tip c#b&n v thi hnh nh*ng tc v khc nhau.

Mt s giao thc hot ng (nhiu tng OSI. Tng n#i giao thc hot ngs> m t& chc n,ng ca giao thc .Nhiu giao thc c th hot ng phi h2p g3i l ch6ng giao thc. C%p

trong ch6ng giao thc t#ng ng vi tng ca m hnh OSI.Ch6ng giao thc chun: Giao thc t6n ti (m8i tng ca ch6ng giao thc,

lm cng vic do tng qui 'nh. Nh*ng tc v truyn thng cn thi hnh quamng 2c gn cho nh*ng giao thc ang hot ng nh mt trong ba loi giaothc. Ba loi giao thc ny nh xn m hnh OSI

SendingProcess

Application

Network

Presentation

Transport

Data Link

Session

Physical

D'ch v mng

D'ch v vn t&i

D'ch v mng(mc ng dng

Cc tc v truyn thng trong m hnh OSI


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NET 31

Giao thc ng dng:- FTAM (File Transfer Access and Management): giao thc truy nhp tp

tin ca m hnh OSI- X.400: giao thc CCITT cho vic truyn e-mail quc t- X.5000 giao thc CCITT cho d'ch v tp tin v th mc ngang qua nhiu

h thng- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Giao thc Internet cho vic

chuyn mail- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Giao thc chuyn tp tin trn Internet- SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol): Giao thc Internet cho

vic theo di mng v cc thnh phn mng- Telnet : giao thc Internet cho vic ,ng nhp my ch(xa v x5 l d*

liu trn my cc b- Microsoft SMP (Server Messaga Block) v shell hoc b i hng

(redirector) trn my khch- NCP (Novell Netware Core Protocol): v shell hoc b i hng

(redirector) trn my khch ca Novell Netware

- Appletalk and Appleshare: Dy giao thc ca Apple- AFP (Appletalk Filing Protocol): giao thc cho vic truy cp tp tin t7 xaca Apple

- DAP (Data Access Protocol): Giao thc truy cp tp tin Decnet.Giao thc vn t&i:

- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): giao thc TCP/IP b&o &m d* liutun t$

- SPX : mt phn ca dy giao thc IPX/SPX (Internetwork PacketExchange) ca Novell Netware

- Nwlink mt ci t trn IPX/SPX ca Microsoft- NetBEUI (NetBIOS - Network Basic Input/output System) Extended User

Interface: thit lp vic truyn thng gi*a cc my tnh (Netbios) v cungc%p d'ch v vn t&i d* liu (NetBEUI)

- ATP (Appletalk Transaction Protocol), NBP (Name Binding Protocol):Giao thc phin truyn thng v giao tc vn t&i d* liu ca Apple.

Giao thc mng- IP (Internet Protocol)- IPX: Giao thc ca Novell Netware


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NET 32

- Nwlink: mt ci t trn IPX/SPX ca Microsoft- NetBEUI: Giao thc vn t&i cung c%p d'ch v vn t&i d* liu cho phin

lm vic v ch#ng trnh ng dng NetBIOS- DDP (Datagram Delivery Protocol): Giao thc vn t&i d* liu ca

Appletalk

5.2. Cc b giao thc ph binTrong th$c t cc giao thc 2c dng ph bin v 2c tp h2p thnh cc

giao thc nh sau:

1. TCP/IP (transmission Control Protocol / Internet protocol)- L giao thc chun cho cc h trn c#s(UNIX, c bit s5 dng cho mng

Internet. TCP/IP h8 tr2 vic 'nh tuyn (routing), l giao thc chun cho kh&n,ng lin kt hot ng ca nhiu loi my tnh.

- M8i card mng 2c gn 'a ch Internet hay 'a ch IP- 'a ch IP 2c phn thnh 4 lp ( A B C D)

- TCP/IP l mt tp h2p nhiu giao thc n l tiu chun th$c t cho linmng:

+ FTP (File Transfer Protocol) mt ng dng truyn file gi*a cc my+ SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) h thng thin t5+ SNMP: qu&n l mng

2. IPX/SPXGiao thc trao i thng tin trn mng ca hng Novell. IPX s5 dng ph#ng

thc truyn gi d* liu v nguyn t"c tm !ng theo chun IEEE 802.3 , h8 tr2'nh tuyn

3. NetBIOS (Network basic input/output system)Giao thc ny 2c s5 dng trn mng vi cc ng dng ca IBM,

Microsoft, v Lotus.- Chun ca IBM v giao din ch#ng trnh cho mng my tnh- C#s(l ngang hng- N l giao thc 'nh hng cho vic ni mng, khng c mc mng- Khng c giao thc tm !ng

- Kim tra 2c lu6ng thng tinQuy t"c ca NetBIOS khng quy 'nh cht ch> v phn cng, phn mm,

giao thc hay !ng truyn vt l m mng s5 dng.NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User Interface): Giao thc km theo s&n phm

mng ca Microsoft.

6. THIT K MNG CC B


33/144

NET 33

6.1. Qui t0c thit k mng:

Kho&ng cch ti a cho t7ng on mng ty theo kiu !ng truyn:- 10Base5: 500 mt cho on cp khng c b pht lp- 10Base2: 185 mt cho on cp khng c b pht lp- 10BaseT: 100 mt- 10BaseFL, 10BaseFB: 2000 mtTrong th$c t, kho&ng cch ti a cn ph thuc vo mi tr!ng l"p t, v

d nhiu kin th!i tit... c th lm gi&m kho&ng cch th$c t. Hoc vic s5dng cc thit b' khc nh HUB thng minh c th lm t,ng kho&ng cch th$ct.

Xc 'nh s cc b pht lp ti a gi*a hai trm trn mng:- Theo Ethernet: mt cp b pht lp 2c m l mt b lp, ch c 2 b

lp trn !ng truyn gi*a hai trm b%t kC.- Theo IEEE: khng ln h#n 5 on pht lp, khng qu 4 b pht lp gi*a

hai trm b%t kC, trong 3 on c th ni my trm (5 segments, 4repeaters, 3 populated segments)

S trm ti a: Ty theo kiu %u ni m c 2c s workstations ti a- 10Base5: 100 workstations- 10Base2: 30 workstations- 10BaseT: 2 workstations- 10BaseFL, 10BaseFB: 2 workstationsMng nhiu on (Multisegment):- on mng l phn dy cp 2c chn b(i cc thit b' nh cu, b d3n

!ng, b pht lp, terminator. Tc dng ca 1 on v nhiu on- 1 on mng:+ C%u trc #n gi&n

+ Tc b&o &m v khng b' tr? (do cc thit b' ni on mng)+ Gi thnh cho mt trm th%p+ Lu l2ng thng tin trn mng ln, s> dn n tnh trng qu t&i, &nh

h(ng n ton b mng.+ Kh kh,n khi m(rng mng.- Nhiu on mng:+ T,ng kch thc mng v s cc thit b' g"n vo mng.+ Tnh sDn sng ca mng cao: cc mng con 2c tch bit c& v logic v

vt l, do vy l8i t7on ny khng lm &nh h(ng n on khc.+ Cung c%p cc kh& n,ng kt ni gi*a cc trm n;m trn cc on mng khc

nhau.+ D? dng m(rng mng

C th s5 dng cu (Bridges) hoc chuyn mch (Swiches) ni cc onmng.

6.2. Phng php thit k :


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NET 34

Thit k mng l ch3n ra mt c%u hnh ng cho mt ph#ng n c th, ph&ith chi tit:

+ S l2ng cc trm, v' tr c"m.+ V' tr, kch thc ca t%u dy+ di cc on cp gi*a cc thit b'+ Trng thi nh c5a, v,n phng

S$ pht trin ca mng trong t#ng lai. Thit k chi tit:- B&n v> chi tit v cch m"c dy ca mng: kin trc mng, c%u hnh cc thit

b' trn mng.+ Thit k tng th.+ Thit k c th t7ng on mng, khu v$c thit b' tp trung.

- Cc phn mm s5 dng trn mng: h iu hnh, c# s( d* liu, cc ngdng...

Mt s yu cu khc- Qui 'nh v qu&n l mng:

+ Ng!i qu&n l mng: s l2ng, v' tr.+ Cc th tc ph&i th$c hin hng ngy+ Th tc pht hin v kh"c phc s$ c trn mng+ Th tc lu tr* d$ phng v khi phc+ Theo di s5 dng mng+ Hng dn ng!i s5 dng ti ch8+ Phn phi phn mm

6.3. Mt s thit k mng

Star Topology : SERVER 2c ni tr$c tip vo HUB b;ng cp UTP:

Dng trong mng nh


35/144

NET 35

Server

Hub

Workstation Workstation

Topology Bus: SERVER ni tr$c tip vi cc my b;ng cp BNC

Dng cho mng nh


36/144

NET 36

Ethernet

Server

Hub Hub


Lin kt hai on mng b;ng Repeater:on mng c th l 1 tng nh hoc ta nh, s l2ng my ca m8i on

mng khng ln l"m, my trm tp trung.


Workstation

Workstation

Repeater

Lin kt hai on mng b;ng Bridge:on mng c c%u trc mng khc nhau, m8i on mng c th l"p t ( 1

tng nh hoc ta nh, m8i on mng c th c s l2ng my kh ln.


37/144

NET 37


Workstation

Workstation

Bridge

server ni vo cc HUB xp ch6ngS l2ng my trm kh ln, th!ng l cc my trm 2c tp trung,

kho&ng cch my trong c$ ly cho php, cc HUB qu&n l tp trung. Tuy nhinmng ny dng trong cc t chc m lu l2ng thng tin trn mng khng lnl"m, nu qu trnh truyn tin trn mng di?n ra lin tc th ng!i ta th!ng thitk mng theo m hnh Lan-Switch

Hub

Hub

Hub

IBM Compatible

Cc HUB lin kt qua Switch:- Switch c nhim v kt ni cc HUB, khi Switch c nhim v qu&n l

t%t c& cc !ng tn hiu trn mng, vi cch l"p t ny c th c&i thin tc


38/144

NET 38

mng. y l m hnh c th dng cho cc t chc c qui m my ln, cc mytrm u n;m trong phm vi nh< h#n 150 m so vi t HUB trung tm. Theo mhnh ny khi cn m(rng mng ch cn l"p t thm HUB, tuy nhin s l2ngHUB c$c i ph thuc vo s cng ra ca Switch. V cc thit b' ny t tptrung nn c th thit k b ngu6n in nui HUB tp trung, hn ch s$ c vin. T%t c& cc dy mng u tp trung v tiu khin nn c@ng d? dng x5 l

s$ c.

Hub

Hub

IBM Compatible

Switch


39/144

NET 39

PH-N II

HI0U HNH MNG NOVEL NETWARE

1. GIEI THIU MNG NOVELL NETWARE

1.1. S1pht tri'n ca Novell Netware

NOVELL NETWARE 2c thit lp n,m 1983 vi c%u hnh ti thiu v mts d'ch v#n gi&n.

Novell phin b&n 1.X , 2.X, 3.XX 2c pht hnh cho n n,m 1993Novell phin b&n 4.X 2c ci t qu&n tr' mng trn h thng nhiu FILE

SERVER thng qua h d'ch v NDS (Netware Directory Servise) mng ny cth qu&n l trn h thng rng ln.

Novell 5.X ra !i vo n,m 1999, phin b&n ny 2c thit k vi nhiu tnhn,ng mi, gip ng!i dng d? dng s5 dng h#n, d? tch h2p vi mng dinrng v Internet.

Ti liu ny cp n nh*ng ni dung c#b&n ca Novell Netware v ccchc n,ng ca phin b&n Novell 4.X.NOVELL NETWARE 2c dng rng ri trong:- Cc v,n phng: lin kt cc b phn r!i rc- Cc cng ty: lin kt cc x nghip thnh vinNovell Netware c th chy trn nh*ng my c c%u hnh khng cao (c&

SERVER v WORKSTATION), ci t khng phc tp, qu&n tr' mng #n gi&nv c hiu qu&.

Qu&n tr' Novell Netware bao g6m nh*ng cng vic nh sau:- Qu&n tr' FILE SYSTEM

- Qu&n tr' USER v GROUP- Qu&n tr' FILESERVER- Qu&n tr' PRINT SERVICE- Qu&n tr' cc d'ch v khc

1.2. Novell Directory Services

a. Khi nim

Novell Directory Services (NDS) l d'ch vc trng ca Novell Netware,NDS duy tr c#s(d* liu ca t%t c& ti nguyn mng. NDS to cc mng thnhmt mng thng nh%t b;ng cch cung c%p mt im truy nhp v qu&n l hu htti nguyn mng. NDS qu&n l ti nguyn theo c%u trc hnh cy, m8i cy (tree)2c t tn, n c th qu&n l nhiu i t2ng (object), c cc loi i t2ngsau:

- i t2ng Root biu th' c%p cao nh%t trong cy th mc, Root khng chathng tin, khng th xa hay i tn.

- i t2ng Container 2c dng t2ng trng cho quc gia, cng ty,phng ban, nhm lm vic v ti nguyn dng chung (Country,


40/144

NET 40

Organization, Organization Unit). Trong i t2ng ny c th cha cccontainer khc theo 3 mc.

- i t2ng Leafi din cho ti nguyn mng nh ng!i dng, my in, ...

C%u trc NDS ca tree NEU c Root v container THKT (O), trong chacontainer CNTT v TH (OU), trong container CNTT cha server THB user t1(Leaf), trong container cha server THB, ... (CN).

b. Vai tr ca NDS

truy cp ti nguyn ca mng, ng!i s5 dng ph&i yu cu i t2ng theotn ca NDS. Khi NDS trn my phc v nhn bit yu cu, n s> kim tra trncy NDS v ng!i s5 dng, quyn s5 dng i t2ng, d$a trn yu cu v thmquyn ng!i dng my d'ch v s>'nh v' v ni ng!i s5 dng vi ti nguyn.

Root

Container

Leaf

Root|

Organization|Leaf

Root|

Country|Organization

|Organization Unit

|Leaf

Root|

Organization|Organization Unit

|Leaf


41/144


42/144

NET 42

Cch np cc MODULE trn my SERVER:

Ti d%u nh"c Novell Netware b%m LOAD Cc module sau y th!ng 2c th$c hin:

1. INSTALL

Ci t c%u hnh h thng mng,to cc NETWARE PARTITIONS dnglm cc VOLUMES trong mng. Kh(i to cc VOLUMES, sao chp cc FILEh thng, ci t cc phn mm mng.

2. MONITORKim tra hot ng ca h thng, cc lin kt trong h thng. V d sau khi

load module monitor trn mn hnh s> hin th' cc thng tin

3. PSERVERCi t v kim sot cc hot ng ca PRINT SERVER 2c ci t tr$c

tip vo FILESERVER . iu khin cc my in trong mng.

4. VREPAIRS5a l8i khi kh(i ng mng. Cc l8i ny th!ng x&y ra khi h thng b' tc

ng t ngt t7 bn ngoi, v d m%t in t ngt.

Ch3n cc chc n,ng th$c hin ch#ng trnh

3. CI GT MNG NOVELL NETWARE


43/144

NET 43

3.1. Yu c%u v ph%n cng - ph%n mm

- 1 FILE SERVER (my ch) : vi c%u hnh ti thiu CPU 486 4MB RAM- Cc Work station (my lm vic)- Card mng (ne2000, 3c503 ....)- Cc ph kin khc

+ Dy cp: cp quang, cp 6ng trc,cp in thoi+ Cc thit b' ni chng: ni !ng th9ng, ni ch* T ...+ Hub (thit b' trung gian ni cc work station vo FILE SERVER)

- Phn mm+ 1 b+a NOVELL NETWARE (hoc CD ROM)+ 1 b+a DOS+ Cc ch#ng trnh s> chy trn mng

3.2. Cc bc ci t:

1. Kh(i to FILESERVER- L"p t Card mng vo slot ca main-board, l"p dy mng. Kim tra cc thitb' b&o &m cho my c th hot ng 2c.

- Kh(i ng my ch, dng FDISK to trn +a cng ca my ch mt DOSPARTITION FORMAT v np phn h thng

2. Kh(i ng li my ch- Chy tp install.bat (Trn b+a ci t)- Hoc to 1 th mc, chuyn vo th mc ; sao chp cc tp sau y:

+ SERVER.EXE+ Trnh iu khin +a cng (IDE.DSK, ISADISK.DSK, SCSI???.DSK ...)+ Trnh iu khin CARD mng ( *.LAN)+ Cc tp khc (*.NLM)

- B%m SERVER trn mn hnh hin th' d%u nh"c ca NOVELL- My thng bo : FILESERVER NAME - G tn ca FILE SERVER (tn do

mnh t, nn t tn ng"n g3n)- My thng bo : IPX INTERNAL NETWORK NUMBER - G dy sc

trng ca card mng

Th$c hin in cc tham s ca Modul Install- Ti d%u nh"c ca Server Novell Netware g LOAD INSTALL, trn mn hnh

hin th' th$c #n ca module install:

Installation Options

Driver options (Load/Unload disk and networkdrive)Disk options (configure/mirror/test disk partitions)Volume options (configure/mount/dismount volumes)Licence option (install the server licence)Copy files option (install Netware system files)Directory options (install Netware Directory services)NCF files options (create/edit server startup files)Product options (other optional installation items)Server options (install/upgrade this server)


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NET 44

a- Chn thc n DRIVER OPTIONS

Ci t trnh iu khin +a cng v card mng

- +a cng: ch3n Configure disk and storage device drivers , ch3n load adriver

Trn mn hnh hin th' danh mc cc driver, ch3n loi ph h2p

in cc tham s cho +a cng (I/O: 1f0,170,1e8,168; interrupt: A,B,C,E,F )

Driver options

Configure disk and storage deviceConfi ure network drivers

Return to revious menu

Select a driver:

IDE.DSK IDE (ATA Com atible. . . .

IDE ParametersInterrupt number: EPort value: 1F0Scatter Gather: NoDriver Version: version 5.00 (940930)

Additional Driver Actions

Load a driverUnload a selected driverReturn to revious menu


45/144

NET 45

- Card mng : ch3n Configure network drivers , ch3n load a driver

- Ch3n cc tham s cho card mng:

IPX l giao thc ngm 'nh, Novell Netware lun s5 dng giao thc ny, cth ch3n thm cc giao thc TCP/IP v Appletalk.

b. Chn thc n DISK OPTIONS

- Ch3n Modifi disk partitions and hot fix

Trn mn hnh hin th' b&ng phn chia +a: partition th nh%t do DOS qu&nl, cn ph&i kh(i to Volumes cho partition th hai.

Driver IDE parameter Actions

Select/Modifi driver arameterSave arameters and load driver

Select a driver to install

3C503.LAN 3Com 3c503 EtherLinkNE2000.LAN Novell Ethernet NE2000......

NE2000_1 Protocols

----- IPX (always seleted)[ ] TCP/IP[ ] AppleTalk

Board NE2000_1 (Driver NE2000)

Select/Modifi driver arameters andSave arameters and load driver

Modifi disk partitions and hot fix

Mirror/Unmirror disk partitionsPerform surface test (optional)Scan for additional devices (optional)Return to the previous menu

Available Disk Options


46/144

NET 46

c. Chn thc n VOLUME OPTIONS

Khi cha c volume no 2c kh(i to

Ch3n cc phm t#ng ng to Volume mi

Cc thng tin v partition ca +a 2c hin th'

Unknown Partition Type 6 0 627 250.2 MBNetware Partition 628 1008 800.0 MB

Disk Partition Type Start End Size

Volume Name Size (MB)

Device No. Segment No. Size(MB) Volume Assigment Status0 0 800 (free space)

Volume Disk Segment List


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48/144

NET 48

f. Chn thc n DIRECTORY OPTIONS

Ci t NDS v cc cp nht: khi ci ph&i l$a ch3nDirectory name:Company organization:+ Level 1:+ Level 2:+ Level 3:- Mt khu ca ADMIN

g. Chn thc n NCF FILES OPTIONS

[x] NetWare 4.1 Server executable and boot files (4MB)[x] Update NetWare 4.1 boot directory driver files (1MB)[x] Pre-Install Files (7MB)[x] NetWare System Files (9)

[x] NetWare DOS Utilities (12MB)[x] NetWare MS OS/2 Utilities (2MB)[x] NetWare MS Windows Utilities (4MB)[x] NetWare UNIX Utilities (1MB)[x] ETC Files (1MB)[x] Set up a Network Directory for Client Install (7MB)[x] Set up a Network Directory for Server Migration (2MB)[x] NetWare 4.1 English Language-Specific Files (5MB)

Indicate which file groups you want installed

Install Directory Services onto this server

Remove Directory Services from this serverUpgrade NetWare 3.x bindery information to the DirectoryUpgrade mounted volumes into the DirectoryReturn to the previous menu

Directory Services Options

Create AUTOEXEC.NCF fileCreate STARTUP.NCF fileEdit AUTOEXEC.NCF fileEdit STARTUP.NCF fileUpgrade a v3.1x AUTOEXEC.NCF FilesReturn to the previous menu

Available NCF Files Options


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NET 49

3.3. Ci t WORK STATIONS (DOS)

- Yu cu v phn cng: My ph&i 2c l"p card mng, ni dy vo mng- Yu cu v phn mm: my 2c ci t hiu hnh DOS, b+a ci

t card mng.

a. Ci t ti thiu: truy cp mngmc bindery

Kh(i to tp tin IPX.COM- To 1 th mc tn l WSGEN v sao chp ton b+a WSGEN ca Novell

Netware vo th mc ny.- Chy trnh ci t WSGEN, ch3n danh sch card mng ng vi card mng

ci vo WORK STATIONS, in cc tham s (IRQ, I/O, DMA or RAM ...)Nu ci t thnh cng tp tin IPX.COM s>2c to ra

Ni WORK STATIONS vo mng: kh(i ng my (DOS, b%m cc lnh sauIPXNETXChuyn vo +a mngLOGIN /

b. Ci ty : truy cp mngmc NDS

S5 dng phn mm i km card mng, chy trnh ci t INSTALL.EXE,in cc tham s lin quan, nu qu trnh ci t thnh cng, cc files sau s>2c to:

LSL.COM3C508.COMIPXODI.COMVLM.EXE*.VLMNET.CFG- Kh(i ng my t7 DOS, chy ln l2t cc tp trn, c th chy cc tp tin

trn b;ng cch to tp BAT.Chuyn vo +a mngLOGIN /

3.3. Ci t WORK STATIONS (Windows 9.X)

Cc my tnh s5 dng h iu hnh Windows 95, Windows 98, mun s5dng ti nguyn ca Novell cn ph&i ci t phn mm client cho my, c thdng hiu hnh Windows 9.x ci t, cc bc c#b&n ci t:

Ch3n trong Control Panel Network: khi trn c5a s s> hin th' nh*ngni dung 2c ci t


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NET 50

Ci t card mng v cc tham s- Ch3n ADD Adapter

- Ch3n card mng trn danh sch card

Ci t ProtocolCh3n ADD - Protocol


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NET 53

to c tn l SYS trn VOLUMES ny cc FILE h thng ca NOVELLNETWARE 2c ci t. Cc VOLUMES khc c tht tn ty . mtVOLUMES 2c s5 dng nh mt ti nguyn trn mng VOLUMES ny cn2c MOUNT.

C%u trc ca VOLUMES SYS

/LOGIN : Cha cc ch#ng trnh dng vo ra trn mng/PUBLIC: Cha cc tin ch (trn mng, m8i USER u c quyn truy nhpn th mc ny.

/SYSTEM: Cha cc ch#ng trnh h thng ca NOVELL NETWARE. Chc ADMIN mi c quyn i vi th mc ny.

/MAIL : Cha cc thng tin ca USER trn mng/ETC : Cha mt s FILES v d c th ci t./DELETE.SAV: Cha cc FILE 2c cu n;m trong th mc b' xa.

4.2. Thit k h thng thmc v FILES

Nguyn l chung

- H thng th mc ca NOVELL NETWARE ring trn volume SYS- H thng th mc ca cc USER nn tp trung d? dng theo di v kim

sot.- H thng cc ch#ng trnh ng dng nn phn loi v theo nhm.

V d: nu ch c 1 VOLUMES

LOGIN

PUBLIC

SYSTE

USER

USER 1

USER 1

USER ...

APPS

MSDOS

WINDOWS

OFFICE

DBF

FOXPR


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NET 54

Nu c nhiu VOLUMES nn m8i VOLUMES lu tr* mt nhm ch#ngtrnh. V d: mt volume dnh cho cc user, mt volume dnh cho group, mtvolume dnh cho cc ng dng khc.

Nu c nhiu +a cng th nn to trn m8i +a cng thnh 1 volume.

4.3. Quyn hn

Quyn hn 1 USER qui 'nh kh& n,ng truy nhp n cc ti nguyn ca

USER ny. Nh vy quyn hn l mt trong nh*ng chc n,ng c#b&n b&o van ton cho d* liu v h thng. Nhim v ca ADMIN l gn cc quyn nycho h2p l. Mt h thng lm vic tt l mt h thng trong cc USER 2ctrao quyn hn v7a , c kh& n,ng khai thc ti u nh%t cc ti nguyn trnmng.

Quyn hn ca cc user i vi cc ti nguyn 2c qui 'nh b(i mt tronghai cch sau:

TRUSTEE ASSIGNMENTQuyn 2c gn tr$c tip b(i ADMIN hoc cc WORK GROUP cho cc

USER sau khi 2c gn USER ny s>2c g3i l STRUSTEE ca ti nguynt#ng ng. Quyn STRUSTEE 2c chia lm 2 loi:

- Gn cho th mc: STRUSTEE DIRECTORY RIGHT- Gn cho FILES: STRUSTEE FILE RIGHT

INHERITED RIGHT MASK (Quyn th7a k)Quyn th7a k2c t$ng gn cho FILE v th mc khi USER to ra cc

th mc hay FILES. Quyn th7a k2c chia lm 2 loi: quyn th7a k ca thmc v quyn th7a k ca FILES .Quyn ca USER

- user ADMINQuyn c th gn i vi FILES v th mc

+ C quyn tuyt i+ Thay i cc quyn

Cc quyn hn- SUPERVISOR t%t c& cc quyn i vi Th mc hoc files. User c quyn

ny c th gn quyn cho cc user khc v th mc v files


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NET 55

- READ (D,F) m(FILE hay 3c th mc; khi mun chy mt ch#ng trnh,xem ni dung ca 1 tp d* liu ph&i c quyn ny.

- WRITE (D,F) Cho m(FILE v ghi cc thay i i vi FILE ny.- CREATE (D) To mi tp tin v cc th mc con

(F) Phc h6i cc tp tin sau khi tp tin b' xa- ERASE (D) Xa 1 th mc FILE v cc th mc con

(F) Xa 1 tp tin- MODIFY (D,F) Thay i thuc tnh ca th mc v cc tp tin, i tnFILES v tn th mc.

- FILESCAN (D,F) Cho php lit k cc tp tin trn danh sch cc th mc- ACCESS CONTROL Quyn thay i TRUSTEE, INHERITED tr7 quyn

SUPERVISOR

4.4. Thuc tnh

Thuc tnh l tnh ch%t ni ti bn trong cc ti nguyn v khng ph thucvo cc i t2ng bn ngoi. Thuc tnh l mt tc nhn b sung cho quyn hn

v cng vi quyn hn to nn quyn th$c s$ ca USER- ARCHIVE NEEDED (A,F,D) 2c t$ng gn b(i NOVELL NETWARE

cho cc FILES v th mc Thuc tnh ny l bt ARCHIVE ca DOS ( DOSc 4 thuc tnh RASH ) (Status)

- CANT COMPRESS (Cc,F) Khng nn files (Status)- COMPRESSED (C,F) c th nn files (Status)- COPY INHIBIT (CI, F) c%m COPY t7 Macintosh (Status)- DELETE INHIBIT (D,F,D) c%m xa, thuc tnh ny mnh h#n quyn xa

(ERASE) ca USER i vi FILES hoc th mc (Status)- DONT COMPRESS (DC, F,D) Khng cho php nn tp tin

- DONT MIGRATE (DM, F,D) Khng cho php di chuyn tp tin sang thitb' lu tr* th hai (nh+a quang)

- EXCUTE ONLY (X,F) C%m sao chp (*.com, *.exe) , thuc tnh ny ch cSUPERVISOR c quyn gn v nu mt ln gn th khng th xa b lm m%t tc dng ca lnh SALVAGE. Do cc files vi

thuc tnh PURGE sau khi b' xa s> khng th cu li 2c.- READ ONLY (Ro,F) thuc tnh ny lun i km DELETE INHIBIT v

RENAME INHIBIT . Ch cho php 3c, khng th xa hay i tn, c@ngkhng th thay i ni dung files . Thuc tnh ny c th b' loi b< b(i userc quyn modify i vi files ny

- READ WRITE (Rw,F) nu thuc tnh Ro b' loi b< th thuc tnh Rw s> t$ng gn.


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NET 58

Trn mn hnh hin th' danh sch cc object (user, group, printer ...)

B%m INSERT to user mi, trn mn hnh hin th':

- Ch3n USER, b%m tn user mi

- Ci t cc thng s cho user: cc thng s cn xc 'nh cho user chnh lcc hn ch ca user b&o &m cho s$ an ton v b&o mt ca h thng

- Trong th$c #n ca NETADMIN (Object, Class)Ch3n tn ca USER trong danh schTrn mn hnh hin th' th$c #n c th ci t, hiu chnh cc tham s ca

user


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NET 59

Ch3n View or edit properties or this object

Cc tham s sau y cn hiu chnh:

ACCOUNT RESTRICTION

- ACCOUNT DISABLE: YES user khng 2c php vo mngNo user 2c php vo mng

- ACCOUNT HAS EXPRIRATION DATENO user vo mng vi tn mnh trong cng mt th!i gianYES user ch c th vo mng vi tn mnh ti workstation nhiu

nh%t l s ln 2c ch ra trong MAXIMUM CONECTION- ALLOW USER TO CHANGE PASSWORD

YES user c quyn thay i mt khuNO user khng c quyn thay i mt khu

- MINIMUM PASSWORD LENGTH: di ti thiu mt khu

- FORCE PERIODIC PASSWORD CHANGESYES user b"t buc thay i mt khu 'nh kCCHANGE PASSWORD thay i mt khuLOGIN SCRIPT kh(i to hay s5a ni dung ca USER LOGIN SCRIPT

Time RESCTRICTIONS Khai bo hn ch v th!i gian lm vic ca usertrong h thngVOLUMES/DISK RESCTRICTIONS khai bo hn ch v dung l2ng khng

gian trong cc VOLUMES m cc user ny c th s5 dng.


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NET 61

5.2. Qun tr GROUP

Kh(i to GROUP- Chy NETADMINTrn mn hnh hin th' danh sch cc object (user, group, printer ...)

B%m INSERT, ch3n GROUP to tn cho GROUP

B sung, bt cc thnh vin ca nhm- Chy NETADMIN ... , ch3n group, ch3n view or edit properties of this

object

- Ch3n group members

B%m INSERT thm user vo group.

Trn Novell Netware 4.x Group administration l mt group c bit, thnhvin ca group ny c quyn t#ng #ng vi ADMIN

Kh(i to OPERATORTo FILESERVER CONSOLE OPERATORS- Chy NETADMIN- Ch3n object Netware Server


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NET 62

Ch3n Identification

- Ch3n OPERATOR , ch3n user gn thnh operator

Cc OPERATOR khc 2c kh(i to b;ng PCONSOLE

5.3. Qun tr USER ACCOUNT

Qu&n tr' USER ACCOUNT l chc n,ng cho php qu&n tr' v theo di tintrnh lm vic ca t7ng USER trong h thng. H thng ti kho&n cng n2ACCOUNTING SYSTEM ca NOVELL NETWARE cho php kim tra v tin

hnh tnh ton c th trn cc tham s.- 3c d* liu: Khi l2ng d* liu USER tin hnh 3c trn ccVOLUMES ca SERVER

= h s * s#n v'3cS#n v'3c: BLOCK/30 (1BLOCK=4KB NOVELL NETWARE )H s c th thay i theo t7ng #n v' th!i gian l 30 pht trong ngy (48 h

s/ngy)- Ghi d* liu: Khi l2ng d* liu 2c ghi trn cc VOLUMES ca

SERVERCch tnh t#ng t$ nhi vi 3c d* liu

- Th!i gian lm vic: Tng th!i gian user lm vic trn mng, #n v' tnh l30 pht=h s * s#n v' lm vic-Th!i gian kt ni trong mng: tng s th!i gian user kt ni trong h thng,

#n v' tnh l 30 pht=h s * s#n v' lm vic- Dung l2ng +a 2c s5 dng: Tng dung l2ng +a 2c s5 dng


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NET 63

- Cc d'ch v m user tin hnh trn SERVER. Cc d'ch v ny 2c thhin thnh nh*ng request (yu cu) g5i ln SERVER nh E-mail, in %n trnmng ...

5.4. Thao tc vi USER ACCOUNT

Ci t Accounting system- Chy NETADMIN, ch3n server cn ci t, ch3n View or edit properties of

this object

- Ch3n ACCOUNTING

- Ch3n YES ci t

t cc yu cu:- BLOCK READ CHARGE RATES: ci t h s tnh ton khi l2ng 3c

+a- BLOCK WRITTEN CHARGE RATES: ci t h s tnh ton khi l2ng

ghi +a- CONNECT TIME CHARGE RATES: ci t h s tnh ton th!i gian truy

cp- SERVICE REQUEST CHARGE RATES : ci t h s d'ch v mng yu cu

Xa SERVER ACOUNT- Chy NETADMIN- Ch3n cc bc ging trn, ch3n Acounting server , b%m DELETE


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NET 64

- Danh sch cc SERVER ACCOUNT xu%t hin, b%m DELETE xa

Tnh cng n2 tnh cng n2(BALANCE) ca mt user :- Chy NETADMIN- Ch3n user trong danh sch, ch3n View or edit properties of this object

- Th$c hin ACCOUNT BALANCE

Trn mn hnh hin th' th$c #n, cn in cc tham s:Account balance:in s

Allow unlimited credit: (Yes: khng gii hn ti kho&n, No: gii hn)

6. LOGIN SCRIPTS

6.1. Khi nim:Nh*ng lnh cn th$c hin mt cch t$ng khi USER ni vo mng 2c

tp h2p v ghi trong mt tp 2c g3i l LOGIN SCRIPT. LOGIN SCRIPTng vai tr nh AUTOEXEC ca DOS .

NOVELL NETWARE phn bit 3 LOGIN SCRIPT- SYSTEM LOGIN SCRIPT


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NET 66

+ Ch3n PROFILE v gn tn PROFILE

6.3. Cc lnh h thng trong LOGIN SCRIPT

1. COMSPECChc n,ng: Khi kt thc 1 ng dng bao gi! DOS c@ng np li

COMMAND.COM, lnh ny ch !ng dn h thng cha tpCOMMAND.COM hiu hnh np li tp tin ny.

C php: COMSPEC COMMAND.COM2. DRIVEChc n,ng: Chuyn +a lm vic, t +a mng ( 2c nh x-MAP) nh

l +a DOS mc nhin.C php:DRIVE DRIVE *n:n th t$+a mng3. # (exec)- Chc n,ng: Thi hnh mt lnh ngoi tr ngay trong LOGIN SCRIPT sau

quay tr(v- C php: # Ch : Ch th$c hin cc lnh ngoi tr

- Khng np cc TSR (th!ng tr)- # n;m trn 1 dng4. EXIT- Chc n,ng: Ng7ng thi hnh cc lnh cn li ca LOGIN SCRIPT v

chuyn v DOS th$c hin tip- C php: EXITEXIT Lnh- Ch : SERVER, STATION ph&i t#ng thch vi IBM- Lnh sau EXIT ph&i n;m trong +a 2c nh x5. IF ... THEN- Ch

c n

,ng: cho php LOGIN SCRIPT th

$c hi

n quy

t'

nh d$

a trn 1 s

iu kinC php:IF iu kin THEN lnhIF iu kin AND iu kin THEN lnhIF iu kin THEN BEGIN

Lnh(ELSE)


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NET 67

LnhEND6. WRITE- Chc n,ng: hin th' mt on v,n b&n ln mn hnh- C php :WRITE Text;more text ; identifier (bin h thng)

WRITE Text %Bin(Tn bin ph&i vit ch* in hoa)* Danh sch cc bin :DAY S ngy trong thng (1-31)DAY_OF_WEEK Tn ngy trong tun (MONDAY, TUESDAY..)HOUR gi!hin hnh (1-12)GREETING_TIME morning, afternoon , evening theo 6ng h6MONTH Thng (1-12)

FULL_NAME Tn y ca USER

LOGIN_NAME Tn user khi ni vo mng

STATION Ch s ca trm lm vicP_STATION V' tr vt l ca trm lm vicOS Tn ca hiu hnhCc bin ca DOS

7. Lnh MAP

7. QUN TRF DFCH V IN TRN MNG

7.1.Tng quan v cng vic in trn mng (DOS client)

- PRINT SERVICE 2c ci t- (FILESERVER 2c np PSERVER

FILESERVER

WS WS WS

WSTerminator Terminator

PRINTER


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NET 70

- My in 2c ni tr$c tip vi mng qua biu khin c"m (cng my in(Printer connection)- To PRINT SERVER : thao tc ging nh tr!ng h2p my in ni vo my

tnh- Chy ch#ng trnh SETUP ca Printer connection): ch3n v in cc tham

s+ Type: manual load (remote)+ Port: other

8. MT S LNH C1 BN CHA NOVELL NETWARE

8.1. Lnh NDIR

Chc n4ng: Xem cc thng tin v tp, th mc v volume.C php:NDIR / Tham s

V d:NDIR

Hin th' danh sch tp tin, cc thng tin v tp (th mc hin th!i.

8.2. Lnh NCOPY


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NET 72

Directory map

Organization Unit

User

Group

Volume

Print queue

Printer

Print server

Organization

AFP server

V d:

Nlist Server

Nlist "directory map"

Nlist "organization"

Xem cc server trong context hin

ti.

Xem nh x+a ca trm lm vic

hin ti.

Xem cc mc t chc ca mng.

b. Ch.nh cc option trong khi xem cc i tng.

C php:NLIST Classtype [=object name] [basic option]Cc option:/A Xem cc user v server.

/Ver Cho bit version mng ta ang lm vic./Tree Xem cc cy th mc./B Xem cc Server trong ch bindery/S Xem cc Server trong context hin ti.V d

Nlist server /S

Nlist server /B

Nlist User /A

Nlist Volume /CO "O =

FPT"

Lit k cc Server trong context

hin ti

Lit k cc Server trong ch

Bindery

Xem cc user ang login

Xem cc volume trong context

O = FPT

c. Ch,n dliu no s5 xem.


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NET 74

Data ca my ch TH.

8.7. Lnh WHOAMI

Chc n4ng: cho bit ng!i ang vo mng ti trm lm vic hin ti l ai.

C php:

Whoami [Server] [/S] [/G] [/W] [/R] [/O] [/ALL] [/C] [/VER]

Cc option:

Server: Ch'nh tn my ch, trng nu mun xem ton b cc my chc lin quan.

/S Cho bit quyn t#ng #ng (vi ai) ca ng!i ang login./G Cho bit ng!i ang login thuc nhm no./W Cho bit thng tin v nhm ca ng!i ang login./R Cho bit cc quyn s5 dng mng ca ng!i ang login.

/C Cho php xem t7ng trang mn hnh./Ver Cho bit version mng ang s5 dng.

8.8. Lnh SETPASS.

Chc n4ng: Thay i mt khu ca user ang trong mng.C php:Setpass [Ver] [[Server name/] [username]Cc option:/Ver cho bit version mng ang s5 dng.Servername thay i mt khu trong my ch c tn l ServernameUsername thay i mt khu ca user khc c tn Username (nu ta c

quyn)

8.9. Lnh SEND.

Chc n4ng: g5i mt thng bo ti mt i t2ng.C php:Send "message" [TO] Cc option:message dng thng bo m ta mun g5i.object i t2ng m ta cn g5i thng bo ti (user, group, server).V d:

Send "Hi" to Guest

Send "Good Morning" to FIS

G5i thng bo "Hi" ti user tn l Guest

G5i thng bo " Good Morning " ti group tn

l FIS


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NET 80

Cch nhau d%u ch%m (.)IP chia lm 5 lp: theo gi tr' ca X

X Lp (class) Subnet mask1 - 126 A 255.0.0.0128 191 B 255.255.0.0

192 223 C 255.255.255.5224 - 239 D 'a chc bit240 - 247 E Cha dng ti

- 'a ch m"t li: IP 2c chia lm 2 phn: 'a ch m"t li (Networkportion or netid), 'a ch my tnh (host portion or hostid).

Lp 'a ch m"t li 'a ch my tnh trong liA

9.67.5.12

X.0.0.0

9.0.0.0

X.X.X

67.5.12B150.5.7.9

X.X.0.0150.5.0.0

X.X7.9

C212.15.17.19

X.X.X.0212.15.17.0

X19

Vi nguyn t"c ny cc Routers c,n c vo 'a ch m"t li v s> chuyntip b tin t7 m"t li ny qua m"t li khc cho ti khi ng 'a ch ca m"tli . Khi b tin ti ng m"t li Routers chuyn b tin cho my nhn c,nc vo phn 'a ch ca my nhn.

2. CI GT WINDOWS 2000 SERVER

2.1. Mt s vn chung

H thng files trn ca MicroSoft

- FAT ca DOS, dng trn DOS, NT, Windows 2000; c th'nh dng khisetup. FAT cho php truy nhp t7 cc hiu hnh khc nh Windows NT,Windows 9.X, DOS. Windows NT, W2000 khng h8 tr2 ch b&o mt trnFAT

- FAT32 dng trn Windows 98 v cc phin b&n tip theo, Windows 2000khng h8 tr2ch b&o mt trn FAT32

- NTFS 4 ca NT, NTFS 5 ca Windows 2000; c th'nh dng khi setup.Cc hiu hnh khc khng th truy nhp. Windows NT, Windows 2000 h8tr2ch b&o mt trn NTFS, ch b&o mt 2c nng c%p trn NTFS 5.

- HPFS h thng files c ch th$c hin cao dng trn NT v OS/2 ; khng'nh dng khi setup


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NET 81

Tn SERVER

- L mt dy k t$i din cho my tnh- Qui c t tn: Theo qui 'nh ca hiu hnh, ng"n g3n, c qui lut

Chn la cch kt ni mng

- Giao thc: TCP/IP, NetBEUI- Quan h thnh vin ca server

+ Xc 'nh: thnh vin ca nhm cng tc, thnh vin ca min, hay mtDomain Controller+ C th khng cn quyt 'nh vai tr khi ci t, ch cn l$a ch3n cho mytham gia mt nhm cng tc hay mt min, sau khi ci t xong c th th,ngc%p my thnh DC.

- Cc thnh phn b xungD'ch v khc nh Internet Information Server, d'ch v DHCP, c th

khng cn ph&i l$a ch3n khi ci t, nh*ng d'ch v ny s>2c b xung khimng c nhu cu

Vn cp php: l$a ch3n mt trong nh*ng cch c%p php sau

- C%p php theo ch8 ng6i (per-seat licensing): i h khng cn tnh n c bao nhiu mi lin kt (connection) 6ng th!it7 cc my khch vo cng mt server, hoc m8i my khch gi* bao nhiumi ni kt vi cc server.

- C%p php theo server (per-server licensing): i h cn 5 gi%y php.

2.2. Ci t windows 2000 server

a. Yu cu cbn

Yu cu vphn cng:Ti thiu

- Pentium 166- 64 MB RAM

- HD 850 MB thm 100 MB ng vi 64 MB RAM b nhb' thiu- Cc phn cng khc ph&i t#ng thch vi Windows 2000, danh sch phncng 2c ghi trn +a CD ci t v trn trang Webwww.microsoft.com/hwtest/hcl

- Card mng, dy mng 2c l"p t, lu v kiu card mng (ISA, PCI),c%u hnh card mng nh IRQ, 'a ch I/O, nh*ng thng s khc v card mng.

- Cc thit b' ngoi vi khc nh my in: kiu, cng my in; MODEM ...


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NET 84

+ Xc 'nh kiu c%p php (licensing) c hai kiu c th l$a ch3n per-

server v per-seat

+ Xc 'nh tn my tnh (Computer name) v mt khu ca user qu&n tr'mng (Administrator)

+ Xc 'nh cc thnh phn ca Windows (Add or remove components ofwindows 2000), nu cc tham s ngm 'nh, b%m Next.+ Xc 'nh ngy, g#, mi gi!quc t ca h thng+ Ci t cc thng s mng (Networking settings): c hai l$a ch3n Typical

setting hoc Custom settings, b%m Next. Tip theo xc 'nh cc tham s trnWorkgroup or computer domain. Ch3n NO, v b%m trn workgroup mtdy k t$ c th lm tn cho mt workgroup, l$a ch3n ny c th c%u


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NET 86

M8i min ph&i thuc v mt cy no , y l min u tin trong mt cymi ch3n create a new domain tree

Xc 'nh cy mi ny trong r7ng mi, ch3n create a new forest of domaintree


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NET 87

Xc 'nh tn y ca min mi

Tn kiu c@ s>2c xc lp


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NET 88

Ch3n ch8t tp tin c# s(d* liu AD v tp tin ghi chp giao d'ch, ch3ntheo ch ngm 'nh ca Windows 2000

Ch3n ch8t folder SYSVOL


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NET 89

2.4. Hiu ch.nh cc tham sS5 dng CONTROL PANEL , y l mt nhm phn mm cung c%p cccng c cho ng!i qu&n tr' mng, c th hiu chnh cc tham s lin quan vphn cng phn mm. M8i mt biu t2ng trn c5a

DHKTQD-Mang May Tinh

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