Dhamma Vira Journal, DV25-09

Comforting wisdom for life

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taESmiftzGJUrSvGwf\

Free are they who have controlledtheir minds

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á ta0;tm½HkodkYvnf; ajy;xaom? wpfckwnf;om vSnhfvnfxaom

ud k,fxnfvnf;r& S daom? r[mbkwfwnf;[laom vd kPfvQi fwnf&m

&S dxaom? pdwfud kapmih fpnf;Ek di faomolwd k Yonf rm&frif;taESmiftzG J Ur S

vGwfajrmuf ukef\/

á faring far, wandering alone, bodiless, lying in a cave, is themind. Those who subdue it are freed from the bond of Ma-ra.

'l&*FrH {up&H

to&D&H *k[mo,H/

a,pdwåH oH,aróEÅd armu©EÅd

rm&AE¨em/

(*gxm 37)

Du-ran.gamam

. ekacaram

.

asar1-ram

. guha-sayam

.

Ye cittam.

saññamessantimokkhanti ma-ra

bandhana-

Verse-37

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AddressHlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing

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EDITORIAL

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4"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

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tvSL'gejyKMu&m0,f (21)

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&Gmta&Suxdyf udkaygwdkYtdrfuyihfí a&aEG;

uyf\/ a&aEG;aomuf? toifhtwifhpum;ajym

NyD; xjyefcJhMu\/ ausmif;a&mufawmh oydwfudk

"r®m½HkxJrSm bk&m;wifvSLcJhNyD; *lodkYjyefcJhNyD; cP

em;? w&m;rSwf&if; qGrf;pm;csdefudk apmifh&\/

(10) em&DcGJavmufusawmh qGrf;pm;oHacsmif;

acgufí qif;cJh\/ "r®m½HkxJrSm qGrf;pm;? a&aEG;

aomuf? oydwfaq;NyD; *lodkYjyefum a&csdK;?

(1)csuftxdem;NyD; w&m;rSwfawmh\/ nae

(5) em&Davmufusawmh *la&SUodkYxGufí ta&SU

taemufvrf;avQmuf&if; &orQaom *gxm

vuFmpmwdkYudkjyef\/ (6) em&DcGJavmufusawmh

ajrmufbufab;urf;yg;&HrSm&SdwJh w½kwfpum;

wef;BuD;&JUtv,fu w½kwfpum;yifBuD;&JU

atmufrSm cif;xm;wJhpifay:rSm wHk;vHk;vSJí em;

vkduf\/ 'Dvdkem;vkdufwkdif; ajc&if;buf&Sd

w½kwfpum;yifBuD;ay:u bmBuD;qif;vmawmh

rSmvdkvdk jzpfjzpfae\/ 'gayr,hf MumMumu

awmh trSwfr&/ w&m;½SKrSwf&if; (8) em&D

avmufusawmh *lxJ0if? bk&m;uefawmh?

tdyfraysmfrcsif; w&m;½SKrSwf\/ þuJhodk Y

aeYpOfavhusihf\/

wpf&ufrSmawmh nae (5) em&D

avmufrSm *luxGufNyD; vrf;avQmufaepOf ta&SU

xdyfu vlyHkpHrsdK; wHvQyf&dyfonfajy;ívmum

aemufuaeodrf;ízufawmh\/ tawGU"mwf

vnf;yg\/ awmfawmfaMumufoGm;\/ 'gay

r,hf MumMumzufEdkifyHkr&? vTwfwJhNyD; taemuf

odk Y ajy;awmh\/ vSrf;Munhfvkdufaomtcg

oifjzL;wpfcsyfpmavmuf rD;cd k;jymjymav;

cif;aeonfudk awGU&\/

'Dvkd aeYpOftm;xkwf&if; (7) &uf

avmufa&mufawmh qGrf;cHutjyef? oydwfudk

bk&m;vSLcJhNyD; ckwifuav;ay:rSmxkdifwJhNyD;?

0ifavxGufavudkjzpfysuf½Iae&if;? jzpfysuf

awG[m wtm;jrefNyD;wufoGm;wmudk rvGwf

atmifvkdufí½I&if; a0gqdkjyKwfusovdkjzpfNyD;

aysmufqHk;oGm;awmh\/ oJawmifyJhusvdkY oHrIef

xaeovdk rsufESmrSm tcdk;awG½dkufaeawmh\/

cPMumawmh MunhfNyD; pdwfcsrf;omvdkufwm?

ajymr,Hk BuHKzl;rSodjzpfawmh\/ 'DtcsdefrSm

tjyifu iSufoHuav;awG[m em;rSmwkduf?

em;rSmwGifqHk;NyD; 0rf;xJtxdra&muf[k jzpfawmh

\/ 'Dwpfcgawmh aocsmNyD? igw&m;xl;&NyD/

oDwma&tvHk;wpfaxmifjzihf avmif;ouJhodkY

csrf;omw,fqdkwm [kwfayonf[k pGJíoGm;

awmh\/ (2) &ufavmufyJ quftm;xkwfvdkY

r&? 0ovdkjzpfae\/ 'DawGU&Sdcsufudkvnf;

(2) ESpfavmufMumrS Oyuúdavo[k od

awmh\/ 'gaMumifh wu,fawGUaomtcg

udk,fvdkovdkqGJawG;NyD; Oyuúdavoü epfae

awmh\/ 'gaMumihf 0dyóem½Iaomyk*¾dKvfrsm;

onf ½IaeqJü cEmwGif;u bmyJawGUawGU? awGU

wmudk jzpfysufjrifatmif qufí½I&rnfjzpf

awmh\/

usrf;udk;- 0dok'¨dr*f- Oyuúdavo

OD;eE´ (rEÅav;)

10

"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/


(1)

tvkd&SdwJhqE´wpfck awmif;qkjyKEkdif

w,fqkd&if rawGra0 awmif;qkwpfck yefa`cG

csifygw,f/ opömESihf,SOfaom bmomw&m;ü

om;av;wpfa,muf jyefvnfoufa&mufvm

ygapom;/ tJ'g tarh&ifxJu tawmifhwqkH;

qkwpfckyg/ rSm;,Gif;wJ honmawGaMumif h

arSmifrkdufwJhurÇmavmuBuD;rSm prf;w0g;0g;

a&GUvsm;ae&wm &SifoefcGihf&wJh b0qkvmbf

twGuf epfemvSygw,f/ b0wpfckvkH;ukd NcKHikH

okH;oyfEkdifpGrf;wJh pepfuswJh OD;aESmufwnf

aqmufrI rjynhfpkHao;cif aysmf0iftqdyfawG

om;&JUOD;aESmufxJukd pD;0ifoGm;wmvm;/ odkY

r[kwf b0ukdawmufajymifapzkdY BuKd;pm;½kef;

uef&if; om;&JUESvkH;om;rSm bk&m;wnfzk d Y

arhavsmhcJhrdwJh tarh&JUwm0efvpf[if;rIvm;/

a0cGJr&wJh rsOf;rwfMum;rSm trSefw&m;ukd tar

tBudrfBudrf 0efcsrdygw,f/

tarwdkY&JU NrKdUjzpfwJhOuúHrSmqkd tar

wdkY[m tcsrf;omqkH;r[kwfayr,hf bk&ihfaemif

&yfuGufxJrSmawmh jynhfpkH<u,f0olawGqkdwm

tm;vkH;eD;yg; odMuw,f/ bmoma&;½Iaxmifh

uMunhf&if pifMu,fvSw,frxif&ayr,hf

rdom;pktwGufa&m? omoemawmfjrwfBuD;udk

yg aumif;aumif;axmufyHhay;EkdifwJh vkyfief;

&Sdaew,fav/ teD;pyfqkH; bkef;BuD;ausmif;jzpf

wJh a&Tbkdausmif;ukd wpfq,hfig;&ufwpfBudrf

qGrf;tkyfydkYaqmifvSL'gef;NyD; tdrfukd tNrJqGrf;cH

<uwJh oHCmawmfig;yg;udkvnf; aeYpOf qGrf;

avmif;vSLNyD; ukodkvf,l&wmayhg taru

tvkyfawGaMumifh tNrJravmif;vSLEkdifayr,hf

tdrfom;wpfa,mufa,mufudk tNrJowday;NyD;

avmif;vSLapw,f/

(2)

tarwdkYtdrfom;awG pwifNyD; jynhfpkH

vmwJhedrdwfu xl;jcm;w,f/ tJ'Dwkef;u om;

trBuD; ESif;,ka0awmif i,fi,fyJ&Sdao;w,f/

tdrfrSm wpfESpfpmqDukd pOfhtkd;eJYodkavSmifNyD;

pm;w,f/ tJ'DqDtkd;[m aeYwkdif;okH;ayr,hf

reufwkdif; vQHusaew,f/ aemufawmh om;

tazu aeYpOfvQHusw,fqkdNyD; tukefcyf,l

vkdufwm aemufydkif;rvQHawmhbl;/ aeYwkdif;

jyefc J hygawmh om;&,fjyefc J hygawmh om;&,fjyefc J hygawmh om;&,fjyefc J hygawmh om;&,fjyefc J hygawmh om;&,fe'DoQH('óe)

okH;avmuf½kHomcyf&if tNrJvQHaerSmvdkY tar

awG;rdw,f/ tJ'DqDawGvQHwJhtcsdefrSm om;

nDrav;ukd rD;zGm;cgeD;av/ 'gaMumifh om;nDr

av; arG;vmawmh emrnfukd oGef;a0oQHvdkY

trnfay;cJhwmayhg/

om;&JUtaz[m xrif;pm;aumif;½kH

enf;enf;aomufwwfayr,hf &rf;um;wmawG?

rdom;pkukd taESmuft,Sufay;wmawG rvkyf

awmh tarvnf; em;vnfay;xm;&wmayhg/

'gayr,hf t&uf? uGrf;? aq;vdyfqkdwm vlukd

csufcsif;aoapwmr[kwfayr,hf t&pfus

pepfe J YowfaewJ h aorif;wrefawGyg/

tckcs de fcgrSm rodomayr,h f Z&me,fxJ

csif;eif;0ifa&mufvmwJhtcg odvm&ygvdrfh

r,f/ rdef;uav;wpfa,muftaeeJY t&Sdukd

t&Sdtwkdif;ajym&r,fqkd&if t&uf? uGrf;?

aq;vdyfawGudk vkH;0rokH;aqmifapcsifygbl;/

tJ'Dtcsufukd om;oabmaygufapcsifw,f/

om;u txufwef;qufrwufawmh

bl;qkdwmod&awmh tarharQmfvihfcsufawG

opfpdrf;csKd; csKd;cH&NyDayhg/ om;om ausmif;quf

wufr,fqkd&if om;t&rf;awmif;wwJh ,mrm

[mqkdifu,f0,fay;r,fvdkY tarpnf;½kH;cJhao;

w,f/ bmaMumihfvJqkdawmh tarwdkYwkef;u

ynma&;xuf rdom;pkpm;0wfaea&;ukd OD;pm;

ay;cJh&w,f/

(3)

rlvwef;eJY ynma&;qkH;cef;wdkifcJh&wJh

tar[m i,fpOfuwnf;u aq;vdyfck HrSm

0ifvkyfcJh&w,f/ tar[m qif;&Jjcif;&JU cg;oD;

wJhtawGUtBuKHawGaMumihf qif;&JwGif;xJu

vGwfatmif ½kef;cJh&wmyg/ tar roifMum;cJh

&wJhynmawG om;ukd wwfajrmufapcsifw,f/

om;&JUtrawGvnf; txufwef;rSmyif ynm

a&; NyD;qkH;oGm;w,f/ om;u wu,fawmh

ÓPf&nfredrfhygbl;/ om;rSwfpkpmtkyfav;rSm

a&;xm;wJh pmwkdav;wpfyk'fudk tar trSwf&

ao;w,f/

]]awmfr0if eef;rxkdufwJh 'Dyef;ukd?

raysmf&Tif rif;rBuKdufvkd Y ryefbl;qkd&ifvJ?

erf;½SK dufum arT;r,fqkd&ifjzihf? yef;pk dufol

ukd,fwpfa,mufawmh auseyfygNyD}}

om;&JUnDr oGef;a0oQHuawmh Oya'

bmom&yfeJY ausmif;NyD;oGm;w,f/ oluawmh

tarwdkYrdom;pkrSm *kPf,lp&mav;aygh/ om;&JU

tpfrawGtm;vkH; bGJUr&Muayr,hf bmoma&;

todynmawmh tm;aumif;Muw,f/ OuúHNrKdU&JU

bk&m;BuD;ausmif;rSm w&m;yJGusif;y&if tNrJ

w&m;emw,f/ qGrf; BuD;avmif;qk dvnf;

ya'omyifawGoD;NyD; vSLw,f/ omoemeJY

awGU&wJhb0wefzkd;ukd olwdkYem;vnfMuw,f/

omoemqkdwm ig;axmifvkdY ESpfawGowf

rSwfxm;ayr,hf wu,fwrf; ukd,feJYouf

11

"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/


qkdifwm ukd,fhoufwrf;twGif;rSmyg/ usef

wJhumv[m ukd,feJYwkduf½kdufywfoufwm

r[kwfbl;/ omoemeJYawGUwkef;rSm b0&JU

tESpfom&? b0&JUwefzkd;ukd t&,lzdkY tvGef

ta&;BuD;ygw,f/

(4)

&SifoefaexkdifcGihf&wJh aeY&ufawG

wkdif;rSm tarwdkYawG[m ukd,hfb0Zmwfvrf;ukd

a&;zGJUaeMu&wmyg/ b0udk tESpfom&rJhapwJh

tvkyfawGeJYcsnf; tcsdefrukefoifhovdk b0&JU

tcsdefawGukd trSefwu,fta&;BuD;wJht&m

awGrSm wefzkd;&SdpGm tokH;csMu&rSmyg/ ckqkd

tartvkyfawGrsm;? pdwfawGrsm;ayr,hf aeYpOf

rdepfESpfq,f? em&D0uf w&m;xkdifjzpfatmif

BuKd;pm;w,f/ rysufap&qkdwJht"d|mefeJYayhg/

0dyóemw&m;qkdwm omoemwGif;rSmom &Ekdif

tm;xkwfEkdifwJhw&m;vkd Y rk d;ukwfq&mawmf

bk&m;BuD; a[mMum;wm taremcJh&w,f/

ckqkd&if aESmihfaES;MuefYMumrIaMumifh

jzpfay:vmEkdifwJh tusKd;qufeJY tckcsufcsif;

pwifwJhtwGuf &&SdvmEkdifwJh tusKd;tjrwfukd

tar tNrJcsifhcsdefpOf;pm;avh&Sdygw,f/ wu,f

awmh b0oHo&mc&D;rSm ukd,fjyKwJhuHom

ukd,hfaemufygrSmyg/ usefwmtm;vkH; xm;cJh&

rSmav/ ukd,hfukd,fukd rjrwfEkd;wJhol[m trsm;

tjrifrSm tjrihfpHjzpfayr,hf uHMur®mw&m;½kH;

[m a&SUaeiSm;vkdYr&ygbl;/ a&yGufyrm vIyfvIyf

omwnfwJhb0rSm tESpfoma&awGjzpfwJh 'ge?

oDv? bm0em? 0dyóemukodkvfawGukd &Ekdif

orQ BuKd;pm;&,lzkdY q&mawmfBuD;awG oGefoif

wm emMum;cJh&w,f/ tJ'D rGefjrwfwJh vkyf

aqmifcsufawGrygbJ &Sifoef&wJh ESpfwpf

&mxuf rGefjrwfwJhtvkyfawGeJY &Sifoef&wJh

wpf&ufu ykdwefzkd;&Sdygw,f/ om;udkvnf;

'Dw&m;awG em,lapcsifvkdufwm/ ckawmh.../

(5)

om;u rdef;uav;wpfa,mufeJ Y

vufxyfawmhr,fwJh/ vufcHEkdifygw,f/ tcsdef

wef&if oD;Mu yGihfMu&rSmyJr[kwfvm;/ 'gayr,hf

om;,lr,fhrdef;uav;u bmomjcm;/ 'gu

awmh csufcsif;vufcHzkdY cufcJw,fav/ rdb

wkdif;&JUobm0yJ/ ]]'Db0rSm aemufwpfBudrf

xyfjzpfawmhrSmr[kwfwJh cHpm;rIrsKd;eJY olYukd

cspfcJhrdwmyg/ oleJYa0;&mrSmomae&r,fqkd&if

&Sifoefjcif;&JUt"dyÜg,f[m aysmufqkH;oGm;yg

vdrfhr,f}} wJh/

urÇmavmurSm tcsp fe J Ytwd k Y

txd c Hvk duf&wJ hol[m tm;enf;csuf

wpfc kuk d y k di fqk di f vk duf&wmygy J/

tJ'Drdef;uav;u om;twGuf tm;enf;

c sufqk dwm aocsmygw,f/ om;u

olrSolqkdawmh tif;av [kdu tydkifpDpOfNyD;

rvGwfwrf;zrf;wmukd;/ tvScsrf;omNyD; £a`E

BuD;wJhtysKdpifukd t½l;trl;jzpfwm rqef;vSyg

bl;/ ]]rif;ighukd rjrifrawGU&&ifawmifrS ihgtcspf

awGu rif;twGuf tNrJwrf;&SdaerSmyg}} qkdwJh

cspfo0PfvTm[m om;&ifxJu jrwfEk d;rI

yrmPukd xif&Sm;jyaeygw,f/

om;ukd tarGjywfvdYk &ifh&ihfoD;oD;

rajymvkdufrdayr,hf om;eJYywfoufwm bm

wpfckrS tarwdkYbufu wm0efr,lcJhbl;/ tJ'g

&Sufvnf;&Suf? a'govnf; xGufvGef;vdkYyg/

rdef;uav;&JUrdom;pkbufu tppt&m&m

pDpOfay;cJhwmudkawmh tarh&ifxJrSm aus;Zl;

wifvkdYrqkH;ygbl;uG,f/ tar pdwfajywJhwpfaeY

om;wdkYukd tultnDtaxmuftyHh ay;oGm;

rSmyg/ tJ'Dtcsdefa&mufzkdY tar awmfawmf

ajzodrhf,l&OD;r,f/

(6)

ckawmh tarydkNyD; pdwfxdckduf&NyD/

om;u bmomrwlaom rdef;uav;udk ,l½kH

rubJ om;ukd,fwkdif tarwdkYbmomr[kwfwJh

tawG;tac: t,ltqawGudk jzefYa0ay;ae

wJh yl&PuóywdkYvkd jzpfaeNyD/ wpfaeY om;

tarhqDvmw,f/ ajr;rav; tkdif;&pfav'Dyg

ac:vmw,f/ ajr;rav;ukd tarcspfvdkufwm/

tBudrfBudrf erf;rdw,f/ ajr;rav;u olYtareJY

yk dwlawmh acsmawmhwmayhg/ ESmwHay:NyD;

oG,fvswmawmh om;eJYwlw,f/ zGm;zGm;vdk Y

vnf; ac:wwfw,f/

om;jyefcgeD;awmh tarhukd pum;

wpfcGef;ajymoGm;w,f/ ]]tar om;wdkYbmom

xJukd 0ifyg}} wJh/

tar &ifemvGef;vdkY tJ'Dnu tdyfvdkY

awmifraysmfbl;/ 'gayr,hf om;u aemufajym

aewmr[kwfbl;/ twnfajymaewm/ tJ'gu

tarhud k yd k NyD;&ifemapw,f/ rSm;,Gif;wJh

tawG; tjrif ? t,ltqawGuvnf;

jyif;xefpGm pG Jvrf;apw,fvd k Y bk&m;u

a[mxm;wmygyJ/ a0g[m&tm;jzihfawmh

'd|Kyg'gefwJh/ ckawmh tar ajzEk difygNyD/

tarhom;ukd opömeJY,SOfwJh bmom w&m;qD

qG Jii fac:Ek di fp Gr f ;r& S dwm aocsmNy Dav/

om;eJYywfoufwJh tarh&JUtrSm;ukdvnf; jrifrd

w,f/ i,fpOfuwnf;u ESvkH;om;rSm bk&m;

wnfcGihfr&cJhwJh uav;i,fwpfa,muf&JU

vm;&med*k H;[m 'Dtwkdif;tqkH;owfwwf

wm tarawG;rdygNyD/ jyKjyifay;vkd Y&EkdifrSm

r[kwfwJh &ifaoG;wpfa,muftwGuf tar[m

ay;qyfrIawGeJY omoemtay:? &wemokH;yg;

tay: 0efcsrIawG jyKvkyfaeygNyD/ txl;ojzihf

Ak'¨bmom ,Ofaus;vdr®moifwef;awGrSm

jzpfajrmufa&;twGuf tar tpGrf;ukef ulnD

aqmif&Gufay;aeygNyD/

(7)

Ak'bmom&ifaoG;av;awGudk Ak'&JU

,Ofaus;rI"r®awGukd uav;i,fawG&JU &ifxJ

rSm ]udef;} ap&ef taraqmif&GufaeygNyD/

om;ukd cspf&muae tjypfjzpfoGm;wJhtar

wpfa,muf&JU rsuf&nfawGudk nifompGmokwf

&if; om;tay:rSm vpfvyfcJhwJhwm0efawG

twGuf tarwdkY;vkdY ay;qyfaeygNyD/ Ak'bmom

uav;i,fawGtwGuf ,Ofaus;vdr®moifwef;

awG jzpfajrmufatmif aqmif&Gufovkd tJ'D

jy|mef;pmawGudkvnf; ukd,fwkdif avhvmzwf½I

aeygw,f/ ajr;av;awGudkvnf; ckqkd oifay;

Ekdif ajymjyEkdifNyDav/

om;twGuf wm0efvpf[if;cJ hwJ

tarjzpfayr,hf ajr;awGtwGuf wm0efauswJh

tzGm;awmh jzpfcGihf&oGm;csifygw,f/ aemuf

wdwfwck d ;arQm fvif hr dwmu wpfaeYus&if

ighom;av; opömESih f,SOfaom bmom

w&m;ü ouf0ifE k di fygapvk d Y tar

tBudrfBudrf qkawmif; aerdw,f/ tJ'Dvdk

qkawmif;wkdif; opömw&m;&JU a0;&mukd c&D;jyif;

ESifaewJhom;ukdai;Munhf &if; tarhyg;jyifrSm

rsuf&nfawGp k d& T Jvk d Yaeyg w,fom;&,f/

awmif;yefygw,f om;&,f../ a&muf&m

t&yfuae opömw&m;qDuk d jye fvm

cJ hygawmhvm; om;&,f.. jyefvmcJ hyg

awmhaemf..../

(rSwfcsuf- jzpf&yfrSefudk oHa0*,lEkdif&ef

a&;zG JUtyfygonf/)

e'DoQH('óe)

"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

12

DHAMMA DEW

w&m;awmf"r®pufudk rnfolrQ rzsufqD; rwm;jrpfEkdif

That wheel of Dhamma is not be turned back by Any recluses orwhatsoever in the world

[Hom0wD- OD;tkef;BudKif

à jrwfpGmbk&m;onf w&m;udktBuD;trSL;jyKvsuf? um,uH 0pDuHrI raemuHrIwdk Yü w&m;ESihfavsmfaom apmihfa&SmufrI

umuG,frIvH k NcH KrIud k pD&ifNyD;vQif? w&m;ojzih fom twkr&S daom "r®pufudkvnfapawmfrl\/ xdk"r®pufudk orPjzpfap?

jAm[®jzpfap? ewfjzpfap? rm&fewfjzpf ap? jA[®mjzpfap? avmuürnfolwpfpH kwpfa,mufrQ rzsufqD; rwm;jrpfEk di f[k

rdef Yawmfrl\/

à The Tatha-gata, the Arahant, thuse keeping constant watch and ward over acts of body, speech andthought, keeps rolling the unsurpassed wheel of Dhamma in accordance with Dhamma. That wheel of righ-teousness is not to be turned back by any recluses or bra-hmins, by any deva or Ma-ra or Brahma- whatsoever inthe world.

puú0wdåokwåefa'oem

tuREfkyfonf þodkYMum;emcJh&ygonf/ tcgwpfyg;ü jrwfpGm

bk&m;onfom0wd¬jynf temxydPfolaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0ef

ausmi;fü oDwif;oHk;pHaeawmfrl\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkY

udk ]]&[ef;wdkY}} [kac:awmfrl\/ xdk&[ef;wdkYonf ]toQifbk&m;} [k

jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; jyefMum;avQmufxm;ukef\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf

þw&m;udka[mawmfrl\/

&[ef;wdkY w&m;&Sdí w&m;rif;jzpfaom pMu0aw;rif;aomfrS

vnf; trSDrif;udkr&cJhvQif pMu&wemudk rvnfapEkdif[k rdefYawmfrl\/

þodkYrdefYawmfrlaomf &[ef;wpfyg;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; jyefMum;

avQmufxm;\/

]]toQifbk&m;w&m;&Sdí w&m;rif;jzpfaom pMu0aw;rif;

trSDrif;[lonf tb,fygenf;}}

]]&[ef; trSDrif;[lonf w&m;wnf;}}

]]&[ef; þavmuü w&m;&Sdí w&m;rif;jzpfaom pMu0aw;

rif;onf w&m;udkomvQif rSDvsuf w&m;udk t½dktaojyKvsuf? w&m;udk

tav;tjrwfjyKvsuf w&m;udkwkyf0yfvsuf w&m;udk atmifvHozG,f

a&SUaqmifjyKvsuf w&m;udkwHcGefozG,f ajr§mufcsDvsuf? w&m;udk tBuD;

trSL;jyKvsuf eef;wGif;oleef;wGif;om; (rdzk&m;om;awmforD;awmf)

taygif;üw&m;ESihfavsmfaom apmihfa&SmufrIumuG,frI vHkNcHKrIudk pD&if

\}}

]]&[ef; aemufwpfrsKd;um; w&m;&Sdí w&m;rif;jzpfaom pMu

0aw;rif;onf w&m;udkomvQiftrSDjyKvsuf? w&m;udk t½dktaojyKvsuf

w&m;udk tav;tjrwfjyKvsuf w&m;udkwkyf0yfvsuf w&m;udk atmifvH

ozG,fa&SUaqmifjyKvsuf w&m;udk wHcGefozG,fajr§mufcsDvsuf? w&m;udk

tBuD;trSL;jyKvsuf? t&Hrif;wdkYüvnf;aumif;? ppfonfAdkvfygtaygif;ü

vnf;aumif;? ykPÖm;ESihf trsKd;om;wdkYüvnf;aumif;? ed*Hk;Zeyk'fom;wdkYü

vnf;aumif;? orPjAm[®PwdkYüvnf;aumif;? om;iSufwdkYüvnf;aumif;

w&m;tm;avsmfaom apmihfa&SmufrIumuG,frI? vHkNcHKrIwdkYudk pD&ifNyD;vQif

w&m;ojzihfom pMum&wemudk vnfap\/ xdkpMum&wemudk vlom;

jzpfaom &efolowå0gwpfpHkwpfa,mufonf rzsufqD;Edkif/ rwm;jrpf

Ekdif}}

]]&[ef;wdkY þtwlomvQif ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxdkufaom

The Dhamma SuttaThus have I heard: On a certain occasion the Exalted

One was staying Sa-vatthi, in Jeta Grove, at Ana-thapindika's Park.Then the Exalted One addressed the monks, saying: "Monks"

"Yes, lord," replied those monks to the Exalted One.The Exalted One said This:

"Monks, a ra-jah who is a world-monarch, a just andrighteous ruler, even he is not without a ra-jah."

"At these words a certain monk said to the Exalted One:"Who then, Lord, is ruler over a world-monarch, a just

and righteous ruler?""Dhamma monk," replied the Exalted One, and went on

to say""Herein, monk, a ra-jah who is a world- monarch, a just

and regheteous ruler, in dependence on Dhamma, honoruingDhamma, respectful and deferential to Dhamma, with Dhamma ashis banner, with Dhamma as his standard, with Dhamma as hisoverlord, keeps constant watch and ward amongst the folk."

Then again, monk, a ra-jah....keeps constant watch andward amongst the warriors who follow in his host, amongst thebra-hmins and housefathers, dwellers in outlying parts, amongstrecluses and bra-hmins, beasts and birds alike.

He it is, that ra-jah....who keeps constant watch and ward...that rolls the wheel of sovereignty according to Dhamma.

That wheel of sovereignty is not be upset by any hu-man being whatsoever, by any foe that lives.

Just so, monk, the atha-gata, that Arahant who is a FullyEnlightened One, the just and righteous ruler, in dependent onDhamma, honouring Dhamma, respectful and deferential toDhamma, with Dhamma as his banner, Dhamma as his standard,with Dhamma as his overlord, keeps constand watch ward overthe actions of his body, ever thinking: Such and such action ofbody must not be followed, must not be followed.

....And the same is to be said of actions of speech andthough.....

He it is, monk, that Tatha-gata, taht Arahant....thus keep-ing constand watch and ward over acts of body, speech andthought, keeps rolling the unsurpassed wheel of Dhamma in ac-

13

DHAMMA DEW

"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

cordance with Dhamma.That wheel (of righteousness) is not to be turned back

by any recluses or bra-hmins, by any deva or Ma-ra or Bra-hmawhatsoever in the world.

(Complete translation of the Tipitaka, Anguttara Nika-

ya, The book of the Gradual Saying, book Therees, Text one,Chapter II, The wheelwright, Dhamma.)

Hanthawaddy-U Ohn Kyaing.

tvHk;pHkaom w&m;wdkYudk udk,fwkdifrSefpGm odawmfrlaom w&m;apmihfonfh

w&m;rif;jzpfawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf w&m;udkomvQif rSDvsuf

w&m;udk t½dktaojyKvsuf? w&m;udktav;tjrwfjyKvsuf? w&m;udk

wkyf0yfvsuf? w&m;udkatmifvHozG,fa&SUaqmifjyKvsuf? w&m;udk wHcGef

ozG,fajr§mufcsDvsuf w&m;udktBuD;trSL;jyKvsuf? ]]þodkYaom oabm

&Sdaom um,uHrIudk rSd0Jtyf\/ þodkYoabm&Sdaom um,uHrIudk rrSD0J

tyf}} [k um,uHrIüw&m;ESihfavsmfaom apmihfa&SmufrI umuG,frI vHkNcHK

rIudkpD&if\/ ]]þodkYoabm&Sdaom 0pDuHrIudk rSD0Jtyf\/ þodkYaom

oabm&Sdaom 0pDuHrIudk rrSD0Jtyf}} [k 0pDuHrIü w&m;ESihf avsmfaom

apmihfa&SmufrI? umuG,frI vHkNcHKrIudk pD&ifNyD;vQif raemuHrIü w&m;ESihf

avsmfaom apmihfa&SmufrI umuG,frI vHkNcHKrIudk pD&ifNyD;í w&m;ojzihf

om twkr&Sdaom "r®pufudk vnfapawmfrl\/ xdk"r®pufudk orPjzpf

ap? jAm[®Pjzpfap? ewfjzpfap? rm&fewfjzpfap? jAm[®jzpfap? avmuü

rnfolwpfpHkwpfa,mufrQ rzsufqD; rwm;jrpfEkdif}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;

a[mMum;awmfrlonf/

(q|oH*g,emwif ygVdyd#uwfawmf? t*Fkwå&edum,f0if

okwåefyd#uwft*FkwådK&fygVdawmf? wduedygwf? &xum&0*f? puú0wådokwf

udkazmfjyygonf/)

[Hom0wD-OD;tkef;BudKif

pmrsufESm 4 rS

aysmufoGm;NyDayhg/ ajrjyiftwkdif;jzpfoGm;NyD/

&efukefNrdKU wnf&mudkyJMunhfOD;? wcsdefwkef;u a&vTrf;aewJh

yifv,fatmufu ae&mwpfckyJ/ a[m wajz;ajz;ajrjyifjzpfvmw,f/

yJcl;&mZ0ifMunhfr,fqdk&if [Hom0wD ukef;ajrav;u [oFmwpfaumif

om em;avmufwJh ukef;uav;ay:w,fqdkwmyJ/ tckusawmh yJcl;em;rSm

yifv,fqdkwm r&Sdbl;/ yJcl;jrpfuav;yJ &Sdawmhw,f/ ukef;ajru rsm;vm

w,f/ ajrBuD;awG jrihfwufvmw,fvdkY 'Dvdkajymwm/

tJ'Dvdk bk&m;wpfqleJY wpfqlMum;[m tJ'Davmuf uGmjcm;

NyD;awmhrS bk&m;wpfqlwpfqlyGihfwm/ 'DurÇmrSm ig;qlyGihfrSm? tck yxr

qHk; uukoEjrwfpGmbk&m;yGihfNyD;NyD/ yGifhNyD;wJhtcgrSm vlawG&JUoufwrf;

qkwfw,f/ qkwfNyD;wJhtcgrSm aumPm*rPjrwfpGmbk&m;yGihfw,f/

oufwrf;[m qkwfoGm;OD;r,f/ qkwfNyD;&ifjyefwufr,f/ jyefwufNyD;

qkwfr,f/ vlawG&JUoufwrf; ESpfaomif;wrf;a&mufwJhtcgrSm uóy

jrwfpGmbk&m;yGih fw,f/ uóybk&m;yGih fNyD;wJhtcgrSmvnf; 'DvkdyJ

oufwrf;qkwfvmw,f/ uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;yGihfNyD;awmh uóy

jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAÁmefpHoGm;w,f/ uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;u ESpfaygif;

ESpfaomif;wrf;? uukoEjrwfpGmbk&m;wdkY? aumPm*rPjrwfpGmbk&m;

wdk Yu av;aomif;wrf;? oHk;aomif;wrf;/ tJ'Dawmh av;aomif;?

oHk;aomif;? ESpfaomif;qdkwm awmfawmfoufwrf;&Snfw,fvdkY 'Dvdkajym&

r,f/

uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif y&dedAÁmefpHwJhtcgusawmh oufwrf;

&SnfwJhbk&m;awG y&dedAÁmefpHvdkY awaZm"mwf cç wJhtcgrSm "mwfawmf[m

wpfckwnf;yJ <uif;w,f/ t½dk;"mwfawG? tom;"mwfawG[m tukefvHk;

pkNyD;awmh "mwfawmftvHk;BuD; wpfqlwnf;yJjzpfw,f/

(qufvufazmfjyygrnf)

ta&;ygt&ma&mufqHk;qdkwmudk oabmayguf

odjrifEd ki fyg vdrf hr,f/ 'DtrSefw&m;[m

pdwfaepdwfxm;eJY"avhp½dkuf&JU tkwfjrpfjzpf

ovdk atmifjrifrI&JU tkwfjrpfqdk&ifvnf;

rrSm;ygbl;/

wpfckcRif;csufxm;NyD;ajym&&ifawmh

&mZ0wfaumifawGeJY t½l;awGuawmh olwdkY&JU

vkdtifqEawGudk tirf;r&? aoG;½l;aoG;wef;?

taumiftxnfazmfNyD; t&,lavh&Sdwmayhg/

uRefawmfwdkYtaeeJYvnf; om;orD;awG&JU vdktif

qE´awG ajzmihfrwfrSefuefatmif? pepfwus

avhusihfysdK;axmifray;EkdiforQawmh b,fynm

a&;pepfurQ xdkufwefwJhtusdK;aus;Zl;awG

ay;pGrf;EdkifrSmr[kwfbl;qdkwm odxm;&rSmyg/

w&m;Oya'abmifxJu vdktifqE

awGudkom tjrwfwEdk;wefzdk;xm;oihfaMumif;?

vlYusihf0wf? tusihfpm&dwåeJY ravsmfnDwJh vdktif

qErsm;udk xdef;csKyfoifhaMumif;? a&SmifMuOfoifh

aMumif;awGudk uav;rsm;tm; ynmay;xm;Mu

zdkY ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ 'Dtcsufudk rdbrsm;eJY?

q&m? q&mrawGu wm0ef,loifMum;ydk Ycs

ray;Edkifbl;qdk&ifawmh tem*wfwkdif;jynfudk

OD;aqmifMur,fh armifwdkY r,fwdkYwpfawG&JU

uHMur®mvdk YyJ rSwf,lum rsufpdrSdwfxm;½HkyJ

&Sdawmhwmayhg/

0efcHcsuf-

1/ [m;bwfuwfqif\ ]vlqdkwJhvl} pmtkyfrS

]wyfrufjcif;ESih f vlYobm0} aqmif;yg;udk

aumufEIwfazmfjyygonf/

2/ bmomjyefol- OD;nDnDEdkif

&SifÓP (zsmyH k)

pmrsufESm 7 rS

&mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd

Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf

&J&ifhwnfMunfaom

avmutjrifjzifh

b0ukd&ifqkdifvsuf

atmifjrifpGm

jzwfoef;EkdifMuzkdY

"r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU/

14

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES"r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mysufjym;rI t0de,udk a&SmifEkdif&efjzpfonf/

vlwkdif;awmih fw ½kyfqif;½lyvlwkdif;awmih fw ½kyfqif;½lyvlwkdif;awmih fw ½kyfqif;½lyvlwkdif;awmih fw ½kyfqif;½lyvlwkdif;awmih fw ½kyfqif;½ly

wuúodkvfoQifoD&d("r®mp&d,?bD-at)

,ciftywfrStquf

jynfonf jzLazsmhaom zuf&Guf

avsmftqif;&Sdonf/ aoaomolü xrif;csKd;cJ

ykwfcJtqif;&Sdonf/ rdrdwnf&mESihf oP²mef

wlonf/ jynf\wnf&mrnfonf tNrJr&Sd?

xdckduf&Sem&m trmayguf&mwdkYü aygif;pkrd

aom aoG;onf usufí jynfjzpfum wnf

onf/ jynf\xuf0ef;usifjzihf ykdif;jcm;tyf

onf/

t|uxm #Dumwdk Ytvkd&rl

(1) teD;owjynf- xdckduf&Sem&m trmayguf

&mwdkYü jzpfaomjynf/

(2) A'jynf- tdwfESihf tNrJwnfaom tmo,

(4)yg; üyg0ifaomjynf/

A'jynfonf jzLaomaMumihf wHawG;

tqif;? EGm;wdkYcsOf&nftqif;&Sdonf/ þjynf

tdwfonf onf;ajctdwfuJhodkY jzpfonf/

oP²meftm;jzihf onf;ajcuJhodkYyif

jzpfonf/ &ifacgif;twGif; vuf0Jbuf tpm

opftdrf\txuf ausmbufüwnfonf/ þ

jynftdwf\`yGefwHonf tpmopftdrf vusfm

buftayguf0rSm wG,fuyfvsuf&Sdonf/

A'¨jynf\t&nfonf A'önf;ajc

&nf tpmopfü a&mouJhodkY tpmopftdrfodkY

0ifNyD;vQif tpmopfESihf a&monf/

iefaomt&om&Sdonf/ A'jynftdwf

onf El;nHhaysmhajymif;onf/ tvsm;tm;jzihf

vlwdkY\tvkH;t&yf? tBuD;ti,fwdkYukdvkdufí

wpfrkdufrSonf wpfrkdufESpfopf? 6 ykH 4 ykHwdkif

&Sdonf/

tcsif;onf rsm;aomtm;jzihf (2)

opfcefY&Sdonf/ jynfyg tcsdef(6)usyf? (3)rl;cefY

&Sdonf/

þjynfonf rjywfxGufí tpmopf

tdrf vusfmbuftxGufü vlwdkY\"gwfoabm

ukdvkdufí wpfaeYwpfntwGif;ü (8 usyf? 7

rl;? 1 yJ) rSonf (14) usyfxd aeYpOf0ifonf/

okókwaq;usrf;ürl

jynfonf ESvkH;\atmuf vusfm

bufü tonf;ESihf þjynftdwfwnfaeonf

[k qkdygonf/

'AÁ*kPyumousrf;ürl

csuf\txufü jynftdwf&Sdonf/

¤if;atmufü avwnfonf/ ¤if;atmufwGif

usifBuD;tdrfwnfonf[k qdkygonf/

þA'¨jynfrSxGufaom jynft&nf

enf;vQif vlwdkYonf a&iwfonf[k qkdygonf/

&o"gwf

pm;aomuftyfaom t&nftzwf

wdkYonf tqD? tap;jzpfaom ig;ykHwpfykHonf

&o"gwfrnfygonf/

&o"gwfonf jzLaomtqif;& S d

onf/ tpmwGif tom;rsm;vQif qefaq;&nf

ESihfwlonf/ xrif;? rkefYrsm;vQif xrif;&nfESihf

wlonf/ rdrdwnf&mo@mef&Sdonf/ csuf\

txufatmuft&yf(2)yg;üjzpfonf/ tl

twGif;ü wnfonf/ wnf&mjzpfaom tl

twGif;ywfvnfjzihf ykdif;jcm;tyfonf/ aoG;

jzpfapaom "gwfjzpfonf/

aoG;

aoG;onf (2)rsKd;&Sdonf/

(1) oEédpdwaoG;

aygif;pkíwnfaomaoG;/ usufaom

txkxlaom csdyf&nftqif;&Sdonf/ wpfuGrf;

pm;cefYrQ&Sdonf/ ESvkH; tn§KdUwdkY\txufüwnf

í ESvkH; tn§KdUwdkY\tay:ukd tpufpufus

apvsuf ESvkH; tn§KdUwdkYukd pkdpGwfapí tonf;

\ atmuftzkdYukdusaom aoG;aygufwdkYjzihf

jynhfap&um; ESvkH;? tn§KdUwdkY\txufü wnf

onf/

,if;aoG;onf ESvkH;? tn§KdUwdk Yukd

rpkdpGwfonf&Sdaomf owå0gwdkY a&rGwfodyfonf/

(2) oHo&PaoG;

aoG;aMumukd avQmufí ajy;oGm;

vsufwnfonf/ Munfvifaom csdyf&nftqif;

&Sdonf/ wnf&mESihfwlaom o@mef&Sdonf/

tA'önf;ajcuJhodk Y aoG;aMumuGef&ufukd

tpOfavQmufojzihf uHaMumihfjzpfaom tvkH;pkH

aom þukd,füEHSUí wnfonf/

ajconf;? vufonf;? qHyif? tarG;?

oGm;wdkYrSwpfyg; ukd,ftvkH; ysHUESHYajy;oGm;ae

onf/

cE¨maA'tvdkt&rl

aoG;onf wpfukd,fvkH;ü tysHUtESHY

zkH;tkyfxm;aom &oaMumü wnfonf[k qkd

ygonf/

um,yom'½kyfonf &oaMumukd

rSDí wpfukd,fvkH; ysHUESHYonf/

rsufpd paom tMunf½kyfwdk Yonf

vnf; þ&oaMumESihf qufpyfMuonf/

xkdYaMumihf tvGefi,faom rjrifEkdif

atmifxufaom tyfzsm;jzihf cEmukd,fukdxkd;

vQif tenf;qkH;tm;jzihf aoG;aMumwpfacsmif;

ESih f &oaMumwpfacsmif;ukd xkd;rdvdrfhrnf/

xkdtaMum(2)ckuk d vGwfatmifrxkd;Ek dif[k

qkdygonf/

ESvkH;onf tvkH;pkHaomaoG;aMumwdkY

\ aygif;qkH&mjzpfí þESvkH;rSxGufaom aoG;

aMumwdkYonfvnf; uGef&ufuJhodkY wpfukd,fvkH;

ukd tESHYtpyf zkH;tkyfNyD;vQif ESvkH;ESihftaMumwkYd

\ twGif;ü tcsdef(6)ydómausmfceYfavmuf

aom aoG;wdkYonf rjywfvIyf&Sm;oGm;vmae

Muonf/

aoG;ukdxkwf,lí aeylrSmxm;cJhvQif

tcJESihf Muufwuf&nfusJonf/

tcJukd ,lMunhfvQif trQiftrQifjzpf

aom 0w¦KESihf tvkH;i,fuav;rsm; awGU&rnf/

a&ESif h ememaq;vQif tvkH;i,f

uav;rsm;ukefí jzLjzLtrQifpkom usefonf/

eDaomtqif;vnf; aysmufonf/

Muufwuf&nfonf 0gaomtqif;

&Sdonf/ (þMuufwuf&nfudkyif tA'önf;

ajc[k qkdygonf/)

þMuufwuf&nfwGif uefYtenf;

i,fESihf oH? MuufO paom OwdkYwGif&Sdaom

15

"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/


jzLaom tum&nfESihfwlaom t&nfrsKd;? yuwd

a&? rD;aoG;"gwfwdkY &Sdonf/

t&G,fa&mufNyD;aomolwpfa,muf

&Sd aoG;wdkY\Muufwuf&nfudk,lí csufvQif

oHcsdef (5)usyfom;? (7)rl;? (1)yJ&onf/

xkdYaMumihf aoG;yGm;rsm;atmif? tm;&Sd

atmif oH"gwfygaomaq;wdkYukd vlwdkY pm;okH;

Muonf/MuufOtum&nfuJhodk Yaom tum

&nfonf okufjzpf&efESihf jzLjzLtrQifpkonf

tom;jzpf&ef[k qkdonf/

rdef;rwdk Y\aoG;

rdef;rwkdYwGif c½koif;\ 0rf;bufcsuf

ESihfwlaom t*FgZmwfü tayguf(2)ayguf&Sd

onf/ yom0r*faygufonf txuf? a,med

r*faygufonf atmufwGif&Sdonf/

c sufatmuf t*F gZmwftxuf

tMum; 0rf;wGif;ü&Sdaom qD;tdrf\ qD;xGuf

&m`yGefwHonf yom0r*fESihf uyfvsuf&Sdonf/

þqD;tdrf\aemufbuf usifBuD;

tdrf\a&SUtMum; om;tdrf\`yGe fwHonf

a,medr*fESihf uyfvsuf&Sdonf/

t*FgZmwf\t&pf(3)ckteuf twGif;

&pf\tqkH;ü cHwGif;ESihfwuGaom ig;Muif;acgif;

ESihfwlaom om;tdrfonf wnfygonf/

þom;tdrftwGif;ü aoG;aMumwdkYrS

txufu0ifaom aoG;onf wpfvjynhfaom

tcg rdef;rwdkY\ "gwfoabmudkvkdufí (3)

&ufrSonf (5)&ufwdkifatmif ,dkpD;xGuf&

onf/

y#doaE¨&Sdaomtcg þaoG;onf

tenf;qkH; (7)vwkdifatmif om;tdrftwGif;ü

aygif;pkvsufwnfonf/

om;z Gm;aomtcg þaoG;onf

tukefxGufonf/ (rdef;rwdkY\om;tdrfü ukd,f0ef

r&S donhftcg wpfv? ukd,f0ef&S donhftcg

tenf;qkH; 7 vwkdifatmif aygif;pkíwnfaom

aoG;udk oEédpdw pkaygif;aoG;[lí ac:oihf

ygonf/)

owå0gwd k Y\ tltwGif;ü&S daom

t&nf? usifBuD;wdkYrSwpfyg; cEmukd,ftwGif;&Sd

t&nf? tzwf? tom;? taMum? ovdyf

paom 0w¦K[lorQwdkYonf aoG;ujzpfonf[k

rSwf,l&ygrnf/

þaoG;onf Owk? tm[m& wpfpkH

wpfckwdkYaMumifh yuwda&uJhodkYjzpfaom a&m*g

wpfrsKd;? opfap;uJhokdY eufaomtqif;&Sdaom

a&m*gwpfrsKd;wkdY jzpfwwfonf[k qkdygonf/

qm;iefaom ig;ajcmuf? ig;yd ponf

wdkYukd rsm;pGmpm;vQif ukd,fü&Sdaom aoG;onf

yuwda&uJ hod k Y jzpfí vlaowwfonf[k

qkdygonf/

acR ;

arG;wGif;ayguf ponfwdkYrS xGufaom

tmayg"gwf (a&"gwf)ukd acR;[k ac:ygonf/

Munfvifaom ESrf;qDtqif;&Sdonf/

acR;\wnf&m tNrJr&Sdyg/ tMuif

tcg rD;? ae paomtylwdkYaMumifh tkdufonf?

ylonf/ xkdtcg a&rSEIwfcgpjzpfaom MumpG,f

pnf;ukd csKd;ouJhokdY tvkH;pkHaom tarG;wGif;

aygufwdkYrS ,kdxGuf\/

acR;\o@mefukdvnf; qH? tarG;wdkY

\wGif;aygufü jynhfvsufwnfaom acR;&Sd

aomtjzpfjzihf odtyfygonf/

aq;usrf;rsm;url tqDcJrS acR;jzpf

onf[k qkdygonf/

cE¨maA'aq;usrf;ürlum;

tacgufxlaom ta&xlBuD;atmuf

acR;wdk Ywnf&m `yGefi,ftacGwdk Yonf wnf

onf/

,if;`yGefacGwpfckvkH;\ tcsif;onf

wpfopfukd (192) pdwf? pdwfí(3)pdwf &Sdonf

[k qkdygonf/

acR;xGuf&ef ta&ü&Sdaom tayguf

i,fwdkYonf vufz0g;? ajcz0g; paom tcsKdU

aomt&yfwdkYü pwk&ef;wpfopfESihf okH;ykHESpfykH

twGif; (2800) &Sdonf/

ausmukef;? ezl;jyif? vnf paom

t&yfwkYdü (2800) atmif enf;onf/

&if? 0rf;? vufuwD; paomt&yfwdkY

ü (1100) cefY&Sdonf/

tcsKdUaomt&yfwdkYü (1100)atmuf

enf;onf/ vl paom owå0gwdkYukd,fü&Sdaom

a[mif;EGrf;avNyD;aom aoG;onf þacR;`yGef

twGif;okdY0ifí þacR;`yGefrS ta&wGif&Sdaom

taygufi,fwdkYodkY a&mufí jyifyodkYxGufukef

\/tvky fwp fc kc ku k d v ky f jci f ; paom

tyiftyef;cHaomtcgüvnf;aumif;? aeyl? rD;

paom tylwdkYaMumifhvnf;aumif;? wpfpkHwpfck

aom twGif;tya&m*gwdkYaMumihfvnf;aumif;

acR;onf jyifyodkY xGuf&onf/

þacR;jyifyrxGufvQif 'lvmem [k

ac:aom avysufaomtemjzpfwwfygonf/

tjyifodkYxGuf&vQif ukd,fvkH;ü&Sdaom

tylwdkYonf acR;ESihfygoGm;aomaMumihf tylNidrf;

í vlonf usef;rmonf[k qkdygonf/

tqDcJ

ckdifrmaomtqDpkonf tqDcJjzpf

onf/ aq;usrf;rsm;u tqDcJonf tom;rS

jzpfonf[k qkdygonf/ jzwfawmuftyfaom

eEGif;wuftom; tqif;uJhodkY 0gonf/ 0aom

ol\ukd,fü ta&xlESihf tom;tMum;ü eEGif;

qkdk;qD avQmft0wfMurf;o@mef&Sdonf/

0aomol\ukd,ftvkH;ü ysHUESHYwnfonf/

ydefaomol\ ukd,füum; jrif;acgif;

om;? aygifom;? arsmajr§mifom;? 0rf;ysOf;om;

wdkYudkrSDí ESpfxyfokH;xyfacgufxm;aom eEGif;

q k d ;q DavQm fy kq k d ; Mur f ;o@me f& S donf/

ydefaomol\ukd,fü jrif;acgif; ponfwdk Yü

wnfonf/

atmufütom;? txufüta&xl?

ywfvnfü tqDcJ\tqkH;jzihf ykdif;jcm;tyf

onf/ tqDyifjzpfaomfvnf; qufqkyfzG,f

&Sdonf/

aq;usrf;wd k Yüum; tqDcJonf

tom;rSjzpfonf[k qkdygonf/ tqDcJonf

tpkdiftcJjzpfaomfvnf; tom;t½kd;wdkYuJhodkY

rckdifrmaomaMumihf tmayg(a&)"gwfü oGif;,l

xm;onf/

rsuf&nf

rsuf&nfonf rsufpdwdkYrS ,kdpD;aom

tmayg"gwfjzpfonf/ Munfvifaom ESrf;qD

tqif;&S donf/ rsufvk H;twGif;o@mef&S d

rsufvk H;üwnfonf/ A'¨A¨onf;ajcuJ hod k Y

rsuf&nfonf rsufvkH;twGif;ü tNrJrwnfyg/

tMuif tcgü jyif;pGm&,fukef\/ idka<u;ukef\/

tpyf tyl paom tm[m&ukd pm;ukef\/

tem a&m*g ESdyfpufukef\/ azmufjyefaom

OwkESihf awGUukef\/ xkdtcg rsufvkH;ü rsuf&nf

jynhfNyD; ,kdpD;onf/

cE¨maA'usrf;ürlum;

rsufaxmifh\twGif;buf? tajr§;\

atmufü onf;ajctdwfuJhokdY rsuf&nfwnf&m

tajr§;tdwfi,frsm;pGm&Sdonf/ xkdtdwfrS yGefwH

wdkYonf rsufaxmihf\tajr§;odkY tpjyKvsuf

wnfonf/ xkdrsuf&nftdwfrS rsuf&nfonf

tenf;i,f tpOf,kdxGufusojzihf rsufawmif

cyfwdkif; rsufvkH;ukd pkdpGwfaq;aMum Munfvif

aponf/ rsufvkH;udk aq;avsmfíusefaom

rsuf&nfonf rsufaxmihfrS `yGefi,fwpfcktm;

jzihf ESmacgif;xJodkY0ifonf/ xkd`yGefi,fonf

wpfcgwpf&H ydwfwwfonf/ xkd yGefi,fydwfvQif

rsuf&nfonf yg;ay:odkYqif;onf/

ESvkH;rom,mjcif;? tvGef&,fjcif;?

jrLrIeftckd;0ifjcif; paom wpfpkHwpfckaom

taMumif;aMumihf rsuf&nfrsm;xGufvQifvnf;

`yGefvQHí yg;ay:okdY pD;qif;onf[k qkdvkdygonf/

qufvufazmfjyygrnf

wuúodkvfoQifoD&d("r®mp&d,?bD-at)

16

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

&ifEG,fudk(vif;)

tajymqdk;ol raemjzLygoavm¿

vlESifhwd&pämef rwluGJjym;aom tcsuf

wpfc k& S dygonf/ ¤if;r Sm wd&pämefrsm;r Sm

wpfaumifESihfwpfaumif ajymqdkqufqHp&m

bmom&yfpum;&,f[k owfowfrSwfrSwfr&Sd

bJ vlrsm;u wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD;ajymqdkqufqHp&m

bmomw&m; owfowfrSwfrSwf&Sdjcif;jzpfyg

onf/ xdkodkY bmompum;&Sdjcif;aMumihfvnf;

vlYe,fy,fwGif ,Ofaus;rIqdkonfha0g[m&

ay:aygufvm&jcif;jzpfygvdrhfrnf/ ,aeYacwf

&efvdkaeMuonhf EdkifiHESpfEdkifiH (odkYr[kwf) tzGJU

tpnf;ESpfckwdkY vufeufudkifpGJ wdkufckdufMujcif;

udk ausmcdkif;vkdufMuNyD; pm;yGJ0dkif;wGif rsufESm

csif;qdkifí ajymqdkn§dEIdif; tajz&SmEdkifavmuf

atmif ,Ofaus;vmMuonfrSm bmompum;\

aus;Zl;yifjzpfygonf/

bmompum;onf uH (3) yg;wGif

0pDuHü wpfpdwfwpfydkif; tusHK;0ifygonf/ 0pD

uHESihfywfoufí ]]cspfapvdkvnf; 'Dpum;? rkef;

apvdkvnf; 'Dpum;}} [k ajymavh&SdMuygonf/

wpfzufom;em;0ifatmif ajymwwfMuzdkYvnf;

ta&;BuD;vSygonf/ þae&mwGif pum;ESihf

ywfoufí jrwfAk'vkdufemcJhonhf usihfpOfwpfck

udk tvsOf;oihfí wifjyvkdygonf/ q&mawmf

BuD;wpfyg;u tvG,fwulrSwfom;Ed kif&ef

vuFmav;eJY pDpOfxm;onfudk avhvmMunhf

Muyg/

1/ rrSefpum; usdK;rrsm;? trsm;emvdk^

remvdk

2/ [kwfrSefaomfjim; usdK;rrsm;? trsm;emvdk

remvdk/

3/ [kwfrSefpum; tusdK;rsm;? trsm;emvdk

remvdk/

t"dyÜm,frSm ajymqdkonhfpum;onf

rSefuefrIvnf;r&Sd? tusdK;&Sdaompum;rsm;vnf;

r[kwf? odkYaomf trsm;wumu Mum;emvkdpdwf

&Sdonfjzpfap? Mum;emvdkpdwfr&Sdonfjzpfap

xdkpum;rsdK;udk Ak'urajymyg/ wzef ajymqdkrnhf

pum;onf rSefuefrI&Sdaomfvnf; tusdK;&Sdaom

pum;r[kwfvQif trsm;wumu Mum;emvdkpdwf

&Sdonfjzpfap? Mum;emvkdpdwf r&Sdonfjzpfap

xdkpum;rsdK;u Ak'urajymyg/

ajymqdkonhfpum;onf rSefuefrIvnf;

&Sdonf? tusdK;vnf;&SdonfqdkvQif trsm;wum

u Mum;emvdkpdwf&Sdonfjzpfap? Mum;emvkdpdwf

r&Sdonfjzpfap Ak'u xdkpum;rsdK;udkom ajym

qdkavh&Sdygonf/ ]]pum;ajcmufcGef; vlYe,fxGef;}}

[k qdk½dk;wGif ykxkZOfrSeforQ xdkpum;ajcmufrsdK;

pvHk;udk ajymqdkavh&Sdaomfvnf; jrwfAk'¨url

trSwfpOf (3) yg pum;ESpfrsdK;udkom ajymqdkavh

&Sdygonf/ vlwpfa,mufudk tajymqdk;onf[k

owfrSwfMu&mwGif xdkolajymaompum;rsm;

onf trSwfpOf (1) ESihf (2) yg pum;rsm;jzpf

onfu rsm;ygonf/ trSwfpOf (3) yg pum;

rsm;udk ajymvQifvnf; av,lavodrf;Murf;wrf;

ygu b,favmufyifaumif;aom? rSefaom

pum;rsm;jzpfygap? wzufom; em;rcHom

awmhyg/ xdktcg xdkoludk tajymMurf;ol? av

aygufqdk;ol[k owfrSwfMuygawmhonf/

xdkodkY tajymtqdk Murf;wrf;olrsm;

onf rsm;aomtm;jzihf pdwfaumif;&Sdolrsm;

jzpfavh&Sdonf[k qdkMuygonf/ ]]b,foluawmh

jzihf tajymqdk;ayr,hf pdwfuawmhaumif;yg

w,f}} [laom pum;rsdK; Mum;zl;Muygvdrhfrnf/

xdkolESihfqufqHrdcgpwGif ol\avaygufudk

rcHEdkifí olYudkcyfa&Smifa&SmifaejzpfMuaomf

vnf; aemufydkif; olYpdwf&if;udk owdjyKrdvmMu

NyD; oluawmh pdwfaumif;&S d&Smygw,f[k

rSwfcsufcsoHrsdK;vnf; Mum;zl;Muygvdrhfrnf/

,ckwifjyvdkonfrSm txufygudpö

yifjzpfygonf/ tajymqdk;olrsm;rSm trSefwu,f

raemjzLMuygovm;qdkonhf tcsufyifjzpfyg

onf/

wu,fawmh tajymqdk;olrsm;onf

pdwfxm;aumif;olrsm;r[kwfMuyg/ vlwkdif;

uHoHk;yg;udk,fpD&SdMuygonf/ um,uH? 0pDuH?

raemuHwdkYyifjzpfMuygonf/ ¤if;uH (3) yg;wGif

0pDuHESihf um,uHrSm ]]tusdK;}} uHrsm;jzpfMuí

raemuHonf ]]taMumif;}} uHrsm;jzpfMuygonf/

um,uHESihf0pDuHtjzpfodkY ajymif;vJa&muf&Sd

vmaom udpötm;vHk;wdkYonf raemuHrSvmjcif;

jzpfygonf/ odkYaomf raemuHrS ay:aygufvm

aom t&mtm;vHk;uawmh um,uHESihf0pDuHodkY

ajymif;vJvmjcif;r&SdMuyg/

tajymqdk;ol[k owfrSwfcHMu&aom

yk*¾dKvfrsm;\ 0pDuHonf olwdk Y\raemuHrS

aygufzGm;vmjcif;jzpfygonf/ raemuH\ vIHUaqmf

rItwdkif; 0pDuHomjzpfay:vm&jcif;udk b,fol

rS jiif;ír&Ekdifyg/ raemuHrSm aemufusdaeíom

0pDuHqdk;qdk;rsm; EIwfrSay:xGufvmjcif;jzpfyg

onf/ raemuHrSm Munfvifaeygu EIwfrSvnf;

csdKomajyjypfaom pum;rsm; ay:xGufvmrnf

rSm aocsmvSygonf/

odkYjzpfygí tajymqdk;olrsm;rSm owd

jyK&rnhftcsufrSm oluawmh tajymqdk;ayr,hf

pdwfaumif;awmh&Sdygw,f[k trsm;wum\

a,bk,saumufcsufcsajymqd k jcif;rsm;ud k

om,mauseyfraeMubJ rdrd\raemudk jzLpif

Munfvifatmif xm0&BudK;pm;Mu&if; ajyjypf

csdKomaompum;rsm; rdrdwdkYEIwfzsm;rS acREdkifMu

ygap[k qEjyKvkduf&ygawmhonf/

&ifEG,fudk (vif;)

Does an abusive one have aclear mind?

There is a fact with which mandiffers from animal. That is the animals haveno language to communicate each otherbut man does. Due to having language tocommunicate one another the term 'culture'might have existed in the world of men. Itis the gratitude of language that the twoaggressive nations or associations areenough to find solutions by means of dis-cussion and coordination face to face atthe meeting table and leave the armed fightbehind.

In fact, language is partly asso-ciated with words out of the three entities.

17


"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/

In association with words, it is often said'such speech to be love, such speech tobe hate.' It is also essential to make a pleas-ant speech to others' ears. Here, I wouldlike to put up a pratice of Buddha, whichhe observed owing to being opportune.(Please study the following a venerablemonk made it into a verse in order to benoted easily.)

1. Untrue and disadvantagedspeech whether the others wish to listento or not.

2. True but disadvantagedspeech whether to others wish to listen toor not.

3. True and advantaged speechwhether to others wish to listen to or not.

They mean Buddha a never madea speech that is not true and advantagedbut whether the others would like to listento it or not. Moreover, He never made aspeech that is true but disadvantaged,then the others would like to listen to it ornot.

When the speech is true andadvantaged, He did say such ones whetherthe others would like to listen to it or not.In a saying. 'In human society there ap-

pear six kinds of speech,' all the ordinaryhuman beings make all kinds of them. How-ever, Buddha said only the two from num-ber three.

When a person is regarded asone who is abusive in speech, most of thewords he says are from number one andtwo. If he makes the speech from numberthree, his speech will not be pleasant toother's ears due to his rough intonation.Therefore, he is regarded as one who isabusive in speech.

Such a person is said to be good-hearted commonly, You might have heardwhat many people say 'inspite of beingabusive in speech, he/ she is good-hearted. 'You might also have heardthought when someone first meets suchperson, he rather avoids him/ her as he didnot bear his/ her rough speech, later hebecomes realized about his/ her originalattitude and remarks that he/ she is good-hearted.

The above is the main fact that Iwould like to say now. Does the one whois abusive in speech really have a clearmind?

In reality, the ones who are abu-

sive in speech do not have a clear mind.What are the reasons?

Everyone has the three entitiesnamely dees, words and thoughts. Out ofthem, deeds and words are the 'effect' enti-ties and thoughts is the 'cause' entity. Allmatters transformed into deeds and wordsare derived from thoughts. However, notall matters in the thoughts transform intodeeds and words.

The words of the ones who areregarded as rough- speech guys originatedfrom their thoughts. No one can deny thetheir words appear according to theestimulation of their thoughts. Coming outthe evil words from their mouths is due totheir troubled mind. If their thoughts areclear it is sure the pleasant speech willcome out from their mouths.

Therefore, the very fact that theabusive ones must take care of that theyshould not be satified with the other's re-marks of them having good heart and say-ing evil words and I would like to wishthey sould make the pleasant speech fromtheir pretty lips trying to clean theirthoughts forever.

Yin Nwe Ko (Linn)

vdIif MunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywdkufESih fvd Iif MunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywdkufESih f

vd Iif MunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywdkufESih fvd Iif MunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywdkufESih f

vd Iif MunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywdkufESih f

'D*spfw,fpmMunhfwdkufrS jzef Ycs dxkwfa0vdkufNyD'D*spfw,fpmMunhfwdkufrS jzef Ycs dxkwfa0vdkufNyD

'D*spfw,fpmMunhfwdkufrS jzef Ycs dxkwfa0vdkufNyD'D*spfw,fpmMunhfwdkufrS jzef Ycs dxkwfa0vdkufNyD

'D*spfw,fpmMunhfwdkufrS jzef Ycs dxkwfa0vdkufNyD

1/ "r®0D&\ "r®oHpOfrsm; - Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf wuúodkvfoQifoD&d

2/ jzwfoef;csdef ed'gef;ESihf yxrydkif; - Nidrf;csrf;OD; 'kwd,tBudrf

3/ urÇmhvlom;rsm; udk;uG,f&m bmomBuD;rsm;ESihf

0g't,ltqrsm; - wuúodkvfoQifoD&d

4/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\

pmayaumufEkwfcsufpmpkrsm; - Nidrf;csrf;OD;

5/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ aumufEkwfcsufpmpk - "r®y'Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf pdk;jrifhvwf

6/ oEÅdokcodkY avSum;ckepfoG,f - wuúodkvfoQifoD&d

7/ Ak'¨,Ofaus;rI &wem - t&SifoDvmpm&-zm;uefY

8/ olawmfaumif;wdkY tvSLay;enf; - t&SifoDvmpm&-zm;uefY

9/ a*gyuESihf Ak'¨b@mawmf - wuúodkvfoQifoD&d

10/ edAÁmefwufvrf; - ref;wuúodkvfatmifjrihf0if;

11/ jyifytdyfrufwpfck - rdk;[def;-om;*sme,fausmf

12/ orda'¨g',q&mBuD;a':rmvm&D - t&SifeE´rmvmbd0Ho

13/ Ak'¨bmom0ifwdkY\ r[maus;Zl;&Sif t&SiftmeE´m - jrifhodef;-armfuRef;

14/ yg&rDjynhfNyD ,aomf"&m - &SifÓP-zsmyHk

15/ a&mifpOfrwlaomfvnf; vrf;rSefjrifEkdifonf

"r®tvif;wef; pmpkrsm; - t&Sifpdwå'Dy? EG,f,if;rm? a&TxD;

DHAMMA TALKS

18

"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

trsm;tm;jzihf ayhgayhgyg;yg; jyKvkyf

jzpfaeMuaomaMumihf ]]tvSLqkdwm bmcuf

wmvkdufvdkY? ukd,hfrSm&SdaewJhypönf;ukd olrsm;

qDay;vkduf&if NyD;wmyJ}} [k wpfcsKdUwpfcsKdU

aomyk*¾KdvfwkdYu ajymMuonf/ a,bk,stm;

jzihf rSefaomfvnf; aoaocsmcsmawG;vQif

r[kwfao;[k xifonf/

ukd,fhypönf;ukd olrsm;xHay;wkdif;

tvSLrjzpfEkdif/ "m;jywkdufí? Ncdrf;ajcmufí?

vk,ufí? vdrfnmí? aMumuf&GHUí? rvGefqef

Ekdifí paom taMumif;wdkYaMumihf rdrdypönf;ukd

ay;vkduf&aomf 'gerajrmuf? tvSLr[kwf/

ykyÁapwem? rkÍöapwem? ty& apwem

[lonhf apwemokH;rsKd;jzihf MunfMunfjzLjzL

ay;vSLygrS tvSL[k qkd&avonf/

]]vSLcsifw,f? vSLcsifw,f? vSLcsif

w,f}} [lí vSLvdkaomapwemay:vmaomf

vnf; vSLzG,fypönf;u &SdavOD;rS/ vSLcsifonhf

apwemvnf;&Sd? vSLzG,fypönf;vnf; &Sdonhf

wkdifatmif tvSLcH,lrnhf yk*¾Kdvfu &SdOD;rS/

tvSLay;? tvSLcH? tvSLypönf; okH;yg;pkHvQifjzihf

vSLjzpfawmh\/

'gvnf; a,bk,s tMurf;zsif; ajym

jcif;jzpf\/ tEkvkHy#dvkH pOf;pm;vQif ]]'gecef;}}

ajrmufzkdYqkdonfu tvGefw&m cJ,Of;\/

o'¨gxufoef &moufyef

aZmfnKdat;(ausmif;ukef;)

OD;pGmyxr rdrdykdifypönf;ukd olwpfyg;

tm; ay;&ef BuHpnfpuyif rvG,ful/ awmf½kH

wef½k H apwemo'¨gw&m;jzihfawmh pOf;yif

pOf;pm;vdrfhrnfr[kwf/ yk*¾Kdvftay:ü arwåm?

u½kPm? rk'dwm rxm;EkdifbJvsuf apwem

o'gw&m;rjzpf/ aiGwpfq,f? ESpfq,fvSLvQif

&Ekdifaom olawmif;pm;ukdpOfvsuf rxDav;

pm;? rodusKd;uRef? tzufrwefpGm Oayu©mjyK

jcif;/ ta<ur&Sdao;bl;? a&SUqufavQmufvkduf

ygOD;? uefawmhygao;&JU [laom pum;rsKd;jzihf

y,f&Sm;Mujcif;? vSLjzpfvdkY vSLaomfrS av;av;

pm;pm; &nf&nfrGefrGefrvSL/ ayghayhgwefwef

ypfypfcgcgom vSLMujcif;wdkYukd awGUzl;Muay

vdrfhrnf/

tvSLcHyk*¾Kdvfü tusKd;rsm;ygap[k

r&nf&G,f/ tvSLukod kvf&ygap[kvnf;

rawmihfw? NyD;NyD;a&mom oabmxm;Muonf/

r dr dE Sp fouf Munf jz Lv k dvm;ol ?

MunfnKdtm;xm; av;pm;olwdkYtay:üum;

apwema&pD;urf;NyKdvkdufwwfMuonf/ a&rsm;

&m rkd;&Gmqkdovkd rvdktyfonhfae&mü tvQHy,f

'gejyKí 'geawG pkaewwfNyD; trSefwu,f

vdktyfaeonhfae&mrsm;ürl 'geawG rkd;acgif

a&&Sm;jzpfaewwf\/ þae&müvnf; ukokdvf

&apaMumif; &nf&G,fcsufoufoufrQr[kwf/

avmuDtusKd;vnf; ESD;EG,fae\/ wpfcsKdUudpöü

wjcm;&nf&G,fcsuf BuD;BuD;rm;rm;r&Sd/ rdrdu

txifBuD;&ol? BuD;jrihfol? vkdvm;olrsm;tm;

rsufESmvdkrsufESm& zm;csif½kHoufoufom/

bmtusKd;tjrwfrQ rarQmfukd;bJvsuf &Sdwwf

onfudkvnf; tHhMozG,fawGU&ygao;\/

uJ- tvSLjyK&wm vG,fao;yg&JUvm;

pm½Iol/ rdrdu rdrdü wkHUjyeftusKd;tjrwf&Sdap

csifí? xifay:ausmfMum;vdkí? axmifjrif

&mpGefY tay;t,loabmrsKd;jzihf ay;vSLNyD;cgrS

rSef;csufESihf ESrf;xGufrukdufonhftcg tjrwf

tpGe f;r&vk dufbJ t½I H ;ay:wwfygonf/

oefY&Sif;pifMu,faom xufoefonhf apwem

o'gw&m;rsKd;r[kwf&um; ]]'DvkdrSef;od&if ray;

rvSLygbl;uGm? ckawmh..}} ponfjzihf rkÍö

apwemjzihf tkd;pm;uGJ&wwfyg\/

rkÍöapwem rjy|mef;vQif? ysufjy,f

vQif? ty&apwemtxd a&mufvmp&mudk r&Sd

awmhay/ apwemokH;wef rjyXmef;bJvsuf

atmifjrifaom tvSL'gerjzpfEkdif/ vwfwavm

wGif jyKrdNyD;aom 'getvSLü aemiftcgMumav

rS ]]vSLrdwm rSm;vkdufwmuGm? tJ'DvdkrSef;od&if

rvSLcJhygbl;}} [k awG;rdwdkif; aemifw&um yDwd

rpm;EkdifjzpfvmvQif a&S;ujyKzl;NyD;aom tvSL

onfyif tvum;[mBuD;[k rSwf,lrdwwfMu

DHAMMA TALKS19

"r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mjzLpifjrihfjrwfrI 0de,udkaqmifEkdifMu&efjzpfonf/

yg\/ a,medaom reodum&jzihf oihfwihf

atmif ESvkH;oGif;wwfvQif tusKd;r,kwf/

roGif;wwfvQif tusKd;rJhjzpf&onfudk vlwkdif;

vlwkdif; owdrlMu&ayvdrfhrnf/

þae&mrSpí uRefawmh ftawGU

tBuKHav;rsm;jzihf erlemjyí qufvufa&;om;

ygrnf/

uRefawmfwdkYa'o\ "avhxkH;pHt&

0gwGif;okH;v? &ufaygif;ukd;q,f umvywfvkH;

oHC'ge t½kPfqGrf;avmif;Muonf/ xkd Y

twGuf xm0&qGrf;ya'omyifrsm;? rçwnf

vSL'gef;aeMuNyD/ rnfa&GUrnfrQ[k rowfrSwf/

o'gw&m; enf;rsm;rqkd yg0ifcGihf&SdMu\/ qGrf;

ya'omyif tvSL&Sifrsm;\ trnfpm&if;ukd

pmtkyfi,fav;jyKvkyfí ESpfpOfrSwfwrf;wif

a0iSay;aeonf/ tvGefaumif;rGef oihfjrwf

aom tpDtpOfjzpfonf/

pdwf0ifpm;rdaomaMumihf rESpfu

0gqkdOD;wGif uRefawmfhrdbESpfyg;\trnfjzifh

ESpfaxmifusyfwef ya'omyifwpfyif pkdufxl

xnhf0ifvSL'gef;cJ honf/ aiGvufcHjzwfyd kif;

uav; jyef&onf/ rMumcP Munhf½Ium yDwd

jzpf&onf/

,ckESpf\ 0gqkdOD;umvwGif tvSLU&Sif

trnfpm&if;pmtkyfuav;rsm; xkwfjyef

a0iSjyef&m uRefawmfvnf; wpftkyf&&Sdvkduf

ygonf/ 0rf;omMunfEl;vkduf&onfrSm ajym

rjywwfatmifyif &Sd\/

]]aiGya'omyiftvSLqkdonfrSm

vlaoaomfvnf; tvSLraoaomtvSL

aiGya'omyif pkdufxlvSL'gef;jcif;rS&aom

twdk;tñTef Y jzih f &moufyefvSL'gef;rIyif

jzpfonf}}

(b'´EÅ 0dpdwåom&mbd0Ho)

aus;Zl;awmf&Sif rif;uGef;q&mawmf

bk&m;BuD;\ Mo0g'uxmav;ukd awGU&vQif

ykdíyif ESpfaxmif;tm;& jzpfrdygonf/ aiGuav;

ESpfaxmifom vSLEkdifonhf uRefawmfhvdkvlüyif

yDwdokc BuD;BuD;rm;rm; cHpm;&onfqkdvQif

trsm;BuD; pkdufxl vSL'gef;xm;olwdkY\ &ifwGif;

cHpm;rIum; tb,frQ xkxnfyrmP BuD;rm;

vkdufygrnfenf;/ xkdolwdkY\pdwfxJodkY 0ifMunhf

í &rnfqkdvQif 0ifMunhfvkdufcsifprf;ygbd/

uRefawmfonf pmtkyfuav;ukd

w,kw,ukdifwG,fum uRefawmfhrdbrsm;\

trnfpm&if;ukd vSefavSm&SmazGMunhfygonf/

awG U&ygacs Ny D / e HygwfpO f (...) r Sm ?

odkYaomf....

uRefawmf tvGefpdwfysufoGm;yg\/

tazhemrnf wpfvk H ;r Sm;í tarhemrnf

wpf0ufjywfusefcJhaomaMumihf jzpfygonf/

apmapmykdif;u jzpfay:cHpm;ae&onhf yDwdokc

wdkYonfvnf; xuf0ufrQ avsmhusoGm;ovdk

cHpm;vkduf&ygonf/ pdwfxJrSmvnf; trsKd;

trnfrod a0'emBuD; a&muf&Sdvmygonf/

]]usKyfwkd YAk'¨bmomawGu urÁnf;

pmwef;xkd;ay;rS? tvSLcHjzwfydkif;&rS vSLcsif

Muw,f}} [laom jr0wDw&m;awmfrS q&m

awmfBuD;wpfyg; a[mMum;oGm;aom w&m;

pum;av;ukd owd&rdíom tça,medaom

reodum& rjzpfatmif renf;BuD; xdef;xm;

vkdufEkdifjcif;jzpfonf/

,if;rS okH;av;&uftMum 0gqkd

vjynhfaeYü tusKd;awmfaqmifyk*¾KdvfxHoGm;um

aemufxyf aiGokH;axmifwef ya'omyifwpfck

xyfrHpkdufxl yl;aygif;í ig;axmifwef ya'om

yiftjzpf wkd;jr§ifhvSL'gef;&if; taMumif;tusKd;

ajymjy&ygawmhonf/

]]tpfukdBuD;a&.. tvSLqkdwmu

yDwdav;yJpm;&wmr[kwfvm;/ tckawmh eHrnf

trSm;BuD;jzpfaewJhtwGuf yDwdrpm;Ekdifawmh

bl;av/ aysmfwmawmif jynhfjynhf00 raysmfEkdif

bl;jzpfoGm;w,f/ tJ'gav; rSefrSefuefuef

jzpfatmif ulnDay;ygOD;aemf/ 'grsKd;u vlao

&ifawmif emrnfu usefcJh&rSmr[kwfvm;}}

emrnf tjynhftpkHESihf vdyfpmtrSef

wdkYukd xyfrHí aoaocsmcsm a&;ay;vkdufyg

onf/ tusKd;aqmifyk*¾Kdvfuvnf; pdwfwdkif;us

aqmif&Gufay;ygrnf[k tmr0EÅmcHavaom

aMumihf pdwfxJrSm tenf;i,f ayhgyg;vef;qef;

oGm;ygonf/ aemufESpfcg 0gqkdOD;wGif tvSLU&Sif

pmtkyfpm&if;ü rrSm;r,Gif; azmfjyyg0ifcGihf&

vdrfhrnf[k arQmfvihf,kHMunf&if; BuKdwifMunfEl;

aerdjyefygonf/

rnfodk YrnfykH jzpfay:vmOD;rnfudk

awmhjzihf apmihfMunhf&efom&Sdygawmhonf/

,if; 0gqkdvjynhfaeY aeYvnfykdif;rSm

yif qif;&JEGrf;yg;aom tbkd;tkdwpfOD; uRefawmfh

tdr fod k Ya&mufvmí tusÐtopfpufpuf

wpfxnf vSL'gef;jzpfygonf/ tbdk;tk du

qkawmif;arwåmawG ydkYoygonf/ 0rf;omvGef;

ojzihf rsuf&nfrsm;yifvnfum qkay;&if;rS

toHawGawmif wdrf0ifqkd YeifoGm;ygonf/

vSL&aom uRefawmfonfvnf; yDwdaomreó

awG yGm;&ygonf/

trSeftwdkif;ajym&vQif þukodkvf

'ge tzk d Ybm*onf uRe fawmf htaejzi h f

tacsmif&vkdufjcif;jzpfygonf/

tb,hfaMumihfqkdaomf uRefawmf

vSLvk dufaom tusÐonf vQyfppfypönf;

ta&mif;qkdifrS vufaqmifay;xm;onhf ypönf;

jzpfygonf/ tvum;&aomypönf;udk trSef

wu,fvkdtyfaeolxHokdY vTJajymif;ay;vkduf½kHjzihf

aiGrukefaom tvSLBuD;wpfck txajrmufoGm;

jcif;omjzpfygonf/

odkY&mwGif omomxkd;xkd; vG,fvG,f

ulul jyKvkdufEkdifjcif;awmhr[kwf/ tvum;

&xm;aomypönf;uk d olwpfyg;tm; ay;&

aumif;Ekd;Ekd; ray;&aumif;Ekd;Ekd;jzihf csDwkHcswkH

jzpfcJh&ykHukdum; rnfolrQrodvkduf/ vSLvdkaom

apwemo'¨gw&m;uav;u ay:vmvkduf?

ESajrmwGefYwkdaom pdwf,kwfrmu ay:vmvkduf

ESihf twåESihfy&wdkY pD;csif;xkd;Muonf/ aemufqkH;

wGif ukokdvfpdwfu tm;omoGm;í wpfrSwf

tomjzihf tEkdif&um vSLjzpfvkdufjcif;jzpfyg

\/ taMumif;rodaom tbkd;tk duawmh

0rf;omtm;&jzihf om"kawG tBudrfBudrfac:

oGm;cJhygonfwum;/

,if;aeYrwkdifcif 0gqkdvqef; (14)

&ufaeY\ trSwfw&wpfckukd ajymjy&efusef

ao;onf/ 0gqkdouFef;uyf&eftwGuf pmrlc

&aiGav;rsm;ESihf aeYpOfaps;zkd;xJrS pkxm;aom

aiGav;jzihf ouFef;wpfxnf0,fonf/ qkdif&Sif

u av;aomif;usyfwefrS tpjyKí okH;aomif;

usyfwef? ESpfaomif;usyfwefrsm;&S daMumif;

ajymonf/ uRefawmfhrSm xkdrQavmufydkufqH r&Sd?

'ghxuf aps;enf;wmukd xyfar;&onf/ xkdtcg

usrS ukd;axmihfig;&mwefukd xkwfjyonf/ 'gukdyJ

0,f,lvkdufonf/ xkdYaemuf-

tarhqDu aiGESpfaxmifusyf&,f?

uRefawmfhxHrS aiGwpfaxmifusyf&,f aygif;NyD;

aiGokH;axmifusyfukd pmtdwfwGif oD;oeYfxnhf

vkdufonf/ xkdYaemuf bkef;awmfBuD;ukd tdrfodkY

yihfa&; ryihfa&;? ausmif;odkYykdYí uyfvSLa&;

rvSLa&;? y&dowfudk zdwfMum;oihf rzdwfMum;

oihfwkdYukd rdom;pkaqG;aEG;yGJvkyfMuonf/

uRe fawm fu y& dowfrz dw fbJ

bkef;BuD;wpfyg;yihfum rdom;pkcsnf; w&m;em?

trQa0? om"kac:&ef qEjyKonf/ uG,fvGefol

tazhtwGufvnf; tusKd;&Sdrnf/ tkdBuD;tkdr

jzpfaom tarhtwGufvnf; oGm;a&;vma&;

tcuftcJr&Sdawmh/ ukefusp&dwfvnf; r&Sd

awmhbJ wpfEkdifwpfykdif 'geajrmuf&ef &nf&G,f

jcif;jzpfonf/ ykdufqHaygaomwpfaeYwGif {&mr

tvSLBuD;ay;vSLOD;rnf[k aw;rSwfxm;vkduf

onf/

pmrsufESm 22 odkY

20"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A- NA

- PA

- NA DI

-PANI

-

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDqa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpka

tmemy

THE A-NA

-PA

-N

OR

THE MANUAL OF MINDFby

Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, TRANSLATED into English by U Sein Nyo

,ciftywfrStquf

xyemenf;tus,f

y#dbm* edrdwfxifonfrSpí xyemenf;jzihf tm;xkwf&m\/

xyemqdkonfum;- y#dbm*edrdwfrnfonf ynwftm½Hktxl;jzpfí

tm½H ktopfuJhod k Y jzpfjyef\/ obm0"r®rs d K; r[kwfaomaMumih f

uG,faysmufvnf; uG,faysmufvG,f\/ uG,faysmufjyefvQif wzefxif

jrif&ef trIvnf;cufcJ\/ xdkYaMumifh xifjrifvmaom xdky#dbm*edrdwf

udk ruG,faysmufaprlí waeYwjcm; xif&Sm;yGihfvif;íoGm;atmif

xdktm½Hkü pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf tm;wdkufzdpD;í pdwfudkxm;jcif;onf xyem

rnf\/ xyemenf;odkYa&mufaomtcgü rlum;- toyÜg, 7-yg;udk

MuOfa&Smifí oyÜg,(avsmfuefrI) 7-yg;udk rSSD0J&m\/ tyÜemaumov’

(tyÜemüvdrfrmuRrf;usifaMumif;) q,fyg;udk jynhfpHkap &m\/

toyÜg, 7-yg;qdkonfum;-

1/ bm0emrI\qkwf,kwfaMumif;jzpfaom ae&mXmeç

2/ qGrf;cH&Gmç

3/ pum;rsm;rIç

4/ taygif;tabmfç

5/ abmZOfç

6/ Owkç

7/ £&d,mykxfç

þ - 7yg;wnf;/ oyÜg, 7-yg;qdkonfum;? bm0emrI\

wdk;yGm;aMumif;jzpfaom xdk 7-yg;aywnf;/

tyÜemaumov’q,fyg;qdkonfum;-

1/ udk,ft*FgESihfwuG toHk;taqmif0w¬KrsdK; oefY&Sif;rIç

2/ £a`Eig;yg;udk nDñGwfatmifjyKrIç

3/ xGufoufç 0ifouf[laom tm½Hkedrdwfü vdrfrmrIç

4/ wuf<uvGef;aompdwfudk ESdyfrIç

5/ qkwfepfvGef;aompdwfudk csD;yihfrIç

6/ ajcmufaoGUvGef;aompdwfudk &TifaprIç

7/ nDñGwfaompdwfudk vspfvsL½IrIç

8/ orm"dr&Sdaom yk*¾dKvfudk MuOfa&SmifrIç

9/ orm"d&Sdaom yk*¾dKvfudk rSD0JrIç

10/ tyÜempsmefudk&jcif;iSm tNrJñGwfaompdwf&SdrIç

Fixing (Thapana-)During the stages of counting and connections, atten-

tion must still be kept on the "point of touch." From the time thecounterpart sign appears, effort must be made according to thethird stage, the method of fixing (thapana-). Counterpart signsare manifestations and resemble new mental objects. Not beingnatural phenomena, they easily disappear, and once they disap-pear, it is difficult to invoke them into sight again. Hence, when acounterpart sign appears, it is necessary to put forth specialeffort with added energy in fixing the attention on it to prevent itfrom disappearing; one must strive to make it become clearer dayby day. The putting forth of this special additional effort is knownas the method of fixing.

When the stage of fixing is reached, the seven unsuit-able things (asappa-ya; see just below) must be shunned, whilethe seven suitable things (sappa-ya) must be cultivated. The tenkinds of proficiency in meditative abosrption (dasa appana--kosalla), too, must be accomplished.

The seven unsuitable things are: unsuitable (1) place,(2) village where almsfood is obtained, (3) talk, (4) friends andassociates, (5) food, (6) climate, and (7) bodily postures; thesethings are called "unsuitable" because they cause deteriorationof one's meditation. The seven suitable things are the exact op-posites: the place, village, talk, friends, food, climate, and pos-tures which cause one's meditation to improve.

The ten kinds of proficiency in meditative absorptionare: (1) cleanliness of body and utensils, (2) harmonizing the fivespiritual faculties (indriyas), (3) proficiency in the object of atten-tion, (4) controlling the exuberant mind, (5) uplifting the depressedmind, (6) making the dry mind pleasant, (7) composure towardsthe balanced mind, (8) avoding persons who do not possessconcentration, (9) associating with persons who possess con-centration, and (10) having a mind that is always bent towardsmeditative abosrption.

Equipping and fulfilling oneself with these aforemen-tioned qualities, one must make specially energetical efforts fordays and months to fix one's attention on the counterpart sign sothat it becomes firm. This effort of fixing the attention (thapana-)

21"r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A - NA

- PA

- NA DI

-PANI

-

usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf

q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;awmfrlaomawmfrlaomawmfrlaomawmfrlaomawmfrlaom

yge'DyeD

NA DI-PANI

-

R

FULNESS OF BREATHINGy

Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt.o Tun, Late of The Indian Civil Service.

þ 10-yg;wnf;/ þodkYaomtrIwdkYudk jynhfpHkpGmjyKí xdky#d

bm*edrdwfü pdwfudktpGJBuD;pGJí tNrJBuD;NrJavatmif aeY&Snfvrsm;

½Iaomtm;jzihf yGm;rsm;ap&m\/ tb,frQavmufMumjrihfatmif þ

xyemenf;tm;jzihf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&moenf;[lrlum;- ½lyg0p&

pwkw¬psmefwdkifatmifonf xyemacwfaywnf;/

(Nidrf0yfjyef YjzL;? pdwfpk dufpl;? txl;pdwfxm;enf;NyD;\)

(11) edrdwf 3- yg;? orm"d 3- yg;cGJenf;

edrdwf 3 yg;

*Pemenf;ç tEkAE¨emenf;ç xyemenf;[laom enf; 3 yg;

wdkYjzihf tpOftwkdif;yGm;rsm;jzpfxGef;íoGm;&mü edrdwf 3 yg;ç bm0em

orm"d 3 yg;wdkYjzihf cGJ&m\/

edrdwf 3 yg;cGJenf;um;-

(1) *Pemtcef;ü xifjriftyfaom xGufoufç 0ifouftm½Hk

onf y&dur®edrdwfrnf\/

(2) tEkAEemtcef;ü xifjriftyfaom xdktm½Hkonfyif O*¾[

edrdwfrnf\/

(3) xyemtcef;ü xifjriftyfaom ynwftm½Hkonf y#dbm*

edrdwfrnf\/

þum; edrdwfoHk;yg; jcm;em;enf;wnf;/

orm"d 3 yg;

bm0em orm"d 3 yg; cGJenf;um;-

y&dur®edrdwfç O*¾[edrdwfESpfyg;tckdufü-

(1) yGm;rsm;aom bm0emorm"donf y&dur®bm0emorm"d

rnf\/

(2) xyemacwfwGif tyÜempsmefodkY ra&mufrDtMum; y#dbm*

edrdwfudktm½HkjyKí yGm;rsm;aom bm0emorm"donf Oypm&bm0em

orm"drnf\/

(3) pwkuúenf;tm;jzihf yxrpsmefç 'kwd,psmefç wwd,psmefç

pwkw¬psmef[kqdktyfaom ½lyg0p&psmefav;ygonf tyÜembm0em

orm"drnf\/

must be put forth until the fourth jha-na is attained.The Signs

I shall now show differentially the signs that appearduring the three stages of effort, and the types of concentraionachieved during these stages.

The image of the out-breath and in-breath that appearsin the stage of counting is called the preparatory sign(aparikamma-nimitta). In the stage of connection, it is called theacquired sign (uggaha-nimitta). The manifestation that appearsin the stage of attention is called the counterpart sign (patibhaga-nimitta).

The meditative concentration achieved during the ap-pearance of the preparatory sign and acquired sign is "prepara-tory concentration" (parikamma-bha-vana--sama-dhi). The medi-tative concentration developed with the attention fixed on thecounterpart sign during the stage of fixing but before the attain-ment of full absorption (appa-na-) is called "access concentra-tion" (upaca-ra-bha-vana--sama-dhi). The four jha-nas are called"concentration by absorption" (appana--bha-vana-sama-dhi)

In the counting and connection stages, the out-breathand in-breath the objects of meditation gradually become allayedand calm down. Ultimately they are apt to become so subtle thatthey seem to have disappeared altogether. When this occurs,one must continue to fix the attention on the "point of touch"and must attempt to grasp the out-breath and in-breath at thatpoint. When the out-brath and in-brath are perceived again clearly,it will not be long before the counterpart sign appears, whichsignals that the access to jha-na (upa-cara-jha-na) has been at-tained. Here, upa-cara-jha-na means the access concentration ofsense-sphere meditation (kamavacara-bhavana upa-cara-sama-

dhi) which has overcome the five hindrances (pañcan1-var ana).

The calming down of the out-breath and in-breath tothe point of disappearance, mentioned in the method given in theCommentary, occurs automatically and need not be specificallyattempted. I have myself seen yogis in whom out-breath and in-breath have calmed down to the point of disappearance. In thesutta however, where it is said, "Passambhayam ka-yasan

.kharam

assasissa-m1-ti sikkhati, passam bhayam. ka-yasankharam

22"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A-NA

-PA

-NA DI

-PANI

-

Oypm&psme f

tmemygetvkyfudktm;xkwf&mü *Pem tEkAE¨emwdkYtcef;

wGif xGufoufç 0ifoufwnf;[laom ur®|mef;tm½Hkonf tqihfqihf

odrfarGUíoGm;ojzihf aysmufuG,fíoGm;ouJhodkYjzpfwwf\/ xdktcg

pdwfudk xd&mXmeü xm;NrJxm;í tvGefodrfarGUvSpGmaom xdktm½Hkudk

xdkae&mrSmyif &atmif,l&m\/ &atmif,lEdkifí xdktm½Hkxif&Sm;ay:jyef

onhfaemuf rMumrD y#dbm*edrdwf ay:vmvwHh? Oypm&psmefodkY qdkuf

vwHh? eD0&Pw&m;ig;yg;uGmNyD;aom umrm0p&bm0em Oypm&orm"d

udk Oypm&psmefqdkonf/

owday;csuf

þur®|mef;tm½Hk\ tqihfqihf odrfarGUí aysmufuG,frIrSm

t|uxmenf;vrf;ü odrfarGUíoGm;atmif wriftm;xkwfrIudkrqdk?

olYtvdktavsmuf tqihfqihfodrfarGUíoGm;onfudkqdkvkd\/ avmuü

vnf; þur®|mef;tvkyfudk tm;xkwfMu&m tqihfqihfodrfarGUíoGm;

ojzihf xGufoufç 0ifoufaysmufuG,fíoGm;olrsm;udk awGUjrif&zl;\/

a&SUüxkwfjycJhNyD;aomygVdawmfaemufqHk;0g&üum;-

taru vufcHaomfvnf; nDarmif wdkYvifr,m;u rBuKduf/

tdrfrSmvkyfvQif y&dowfygapcsifonf/ odkYaomf tdrfcef;u usOf;onf/

pufysuftrIdufykHawGuvnf; rsm; onf/ xkdYaMumihf ausmif;rSmoGm;vkyf&ef

tBuH ay;onf/ olwdkYuvnf; yHhykd;vSL'gef;rnf[k qkd onf/ 0gqkdyef;?

0gqkdza,mif;wkdif? tcsKd&nf bl;awG 0,fay;onf/ þodkYjzihf ausmif;odkY

ydkYvSL&ef qkH;jzwf&onf/

odkYaomf b,fausmif;okdYykdYrnf/ b,f bkef;BuD;ukd vSLrnf[k

ra&G;cs,fEkdifí [kdvkdvkd 'Dvkdvdk/ aemufqkH;usrS teD;qkH;ausmif;odkY

o Gm ;vS L&e f qk H ; jzwfvsuf tar hud kac:um jznf ; jznf ;c si f ;

vrf;avQmufoGm;&onf/

taru ouFef;tdwfESihf 0w¦KaiG? 0gqkdza,mif;wkdifwdkYukd

o,f,lcJhonf/ uRef awmfu 0gqkdyef;ESihf tcsKd&nfykef;BuD;ukdxrf;

,lcJ honf/ c&D;ra0;aomfvnf; taru arm aeonf/ Z&mudk

tEÅKAvrjyKom/ oHa0* wpfcsuf0ifonf/ pkd;&drfaomuawGvnf;

a&maESmaeonf/ rnfokd Yyif&S dap tvSLjyK& rnfjzpfí taru

&Tifvef;wuf<uaeonf/

ausmif;a&mufawmh uk d&ifi,fESp fyg; u qD; BuK dum

q&mawm f Bu D ;x H ac:oGm;onf/ q&mawm f Bu D ;u

y#doE¦m&pum;ajymum tarmajzckdif;onf/ tarmajyawmhrS bk&m;ESihf

q&mawmfBuD;udk OD;csonf/ taronf aoG;wdk; a&m*g&Sdoljzpfí

rl;aemufvmonhftwGuf jyKpk ay;&onf/ wpfatmihfMumrS ouFef;ESihf

vSLzG,f 0w¦Krsm;ukd uyf&onf/

]]oHCóa'r}} ok H; Budrfwd ki fay;í vk dufqk d Ny D;aemuf

tvSLxajrmufatmifjrif oGm;onf/ odkYaomf w&m;pum; emMum;cGihf

r&vkduf/ trQtwef;av;rQ ray;ra0&? om"k tEkarm'em ac:cGihfr&bJ

tDvnfajcmuf uyfpGm NyD;pD;onf/ q&mawmfBuD;u u½kPm xm;í

tarhtwGuf avief;vdrf;aq;av;bl; pGefYvSLvkdufonf/

p&dwfNidrf;í wm0efat;aomtvSL[k qkdEk difaomfvnf;

pdwfauseyfrIudkawmh jynhfjynfh00rcHpm;&/ yDwdokcBuD;BuD;rm;rm; rjzpf?

tvSLwefzkd; wpfaomif;ckepfaxmifavmuf ukefuscJhonf/

q&mawmfBuD;\ aemufem;wGif aps;BuD;aom ouFef;

taumif;pm;rsm; txyfvkdufykHxm;onfudk awGU&onf/ tvSLwefzkd;

csif;,SOfvsuf tm;i,fpdwfyif 0ifrdonf/ ynwfw&m;wdkY\ tm;aumif;

ykHonf tHhMop&maumif;vS\/ xkdYaMumihf aemiftcg 0gqkdouFef; uyfvQif

tdrfrSmyJ y&dowfESihfwuG crf;crf;em; em; odkufodkuf 0ef;0ef;vkyf &ef

tBuHjzpfrdonf/ uJ- þrQqkdvQif tvSL'gejyKjcif;\ cJ,Of;ykHum;

ykHay:avmuf ayNyD/ yDwdESihfwuG vSL'gef;vdkaom apwemjyif;jyif;jyjyjzihf

vSL'gef; &vsuf vSLNyD;aemufüvnf; yDwdESihfwuG MunfMunfEl;El;&Sdum

aemiftcg trSwfowd& avwkdif; jyefvnfpOf;pm;rdavwdkif; yDwdokc

awG BuD;BuD;rm;rm;jzpfay:um tNrJwrf; auseyfaeygrS (wpfenf;wpfzkH

tm;jzihf)

]]o'¨gxufoef &moufyefukod kvf}} jzpfEk difaMumif;ud k

oabmaygufMuapjcif;iSm apwemaumif;jzihf qihfavmif;rQa0vkdufyg

onf/ okwwkd;yGm; tusKd;rsm;Muygapaomf/

aZmfnKdat;(ausmif;ukef;)

pmrsufESm 19 rS

passasissa-miti sikkhati," the meaning is that when the stage ofconnection is reached, the process of calming down the out-breath and in-breath must be specifically attempted.

When the out-breath and in-breah apparently disap-pear people who are not proficient in the work of meditation areapt to think that the out-breath and in-breath have really disap-peared or stopped. Then they are apt to discard the work ofmeditation. Let all be heedful of this fact.

(To Be Continue)

yórÇ,H um,ocFg&H tóodómrDwd odu©wd? yórÇ,H

um,ocFg&H yóodómrDwd odu©wd/ [k a[mawmfrl\/

þygVdawmfjrwftvdkum; tEkAEemtcef;odkYa&mufaomtcg

ü xGufoufç 0ifoufwdkYudk tqihfqihfodrfarGUoGm;avatmif wriftm;xkwf

&rnfyifjzpfonf/ þtm½HkaysmufuG,fcef;rSm ur®|mef;tpDt&ifü

rvdrfrmaoma,m*Dyk*¾dKvfonf xGufoufç 0ifoufaysmufuG,fí oGm;cJh

NyD[k xif\/ ur®|mef;tvkyfudk vTwfíypfwwf\/ owdrlMuav/

(qufvufazmfjyygrnf)

tbx\

trSwf-15? vdIifjrpfvrf;? aygufawm&yf? tif;pdef? &efukef/

a&mh]x} trSwfwHqdyf

&SLaq;bl;BuD;

&SLvdkufzkef;= 722704? 642047

jzefYcsda&;

23"r®0D&onf ax&0g' ]oeEÅ&}xGef;um;&efjzpfonf/

TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA

(,ciftywfrStquf)

jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdk Y ü

t&n0goDawm&yfrS Dvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom

r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f

a&;om;pD&ifawmfrlaom "ar®m0g'uxm

omoemawmfBuD;

\

a&aomufjrpfoHk;oG,f

(omoem jyKvkyfief;tydkif;)

omoemjyKESpfrsK d;

omoemjyKvkyfief;onfum;....

1/ udk,fwGif;ü wnfapaom omoemjyKvkyfief;u wpfrsKd;?

2/ udk,fyüwnfapaom omoemjyKvkyfief;u wpfrsKd;/

þodkYvQif ESpfrsKd;ESpfpm;uGJjym;jcm;em;aeacs\/

xdkESpfrsKd;wdkYwGif

1/ udk,fwGif;wnf omoemjyKvkyfief;onf bk&m;a[mxm;

usihfpOfrsm;udk usuf-usihf-odwdkYjzihf udef;wnfapjcif;yifwnf;/

okdYr[kwf

u/ bk&m;&Sifodapvdkaom avmu\ oabmobm0rsm;udk

vnf;aumif;? avmu\ jyify&Sd oabmobm0rsm;udkvnf;aumif;?

bk&m;a[mxm; w&m;pum;awmfrsm;twGif; owdÓPfoGif;ay;vsufu

xuf0ef;usifESHUpyfpGm(usrf;½dk;wpfavQmuf aygufa&mufpGm) avhusufjcif;

y&d,wdåomoem?

c/ wpfzefbk&m;a[mxm; xdkw&m;pum;awmfrsm;udk tpu

jyef wpfzefxyf udk,fhcEmtod owduyfvsufu usihfBuHjcif;? tpGJodudk

ajc&mcH rSwfoduwpfzefjyefvSefum ar;cGef;xkwfonfhtvm; jznfhusifh

rSwfom;jcif;? pl;prf;avhvmjcif;? oHk;oyfqifjcifjcif; y#dywdåomoem?

*/ wpfzef owdac: rSwfodpdwf\ aphpyftm; pl;pdkuftm;wdkY

jzihf cEm\twGif;om;qdkuf olYvIyf&Sm;rIudk vdkufvsufu EdIufay;xm;

onfhtwdkif; þum;þvdk xdkum;xdkvdk[lí t&Sdudkt&Sdtwdkif; wefjyef

xdrdxdk;xGif;ododjcif; y#da0'omoem xdkoHk;jzmwdkYudk udef;wnfapjcif;

yifwnf;/

2/ udk,fyomoemjyKvkyfief;onfum; rdrdürqHhawmhí ab;&Sda0ae,s

wdkYodkY jzefYa0vsufu xyfqifhudef;wnfapjcif;wnf;/

odkYr[kwf

o'gtm;udk&if;pm;xm;vsufu Akdvfig;yg; psmefig;yg; aAmZÑif

ckepfyg; £a`Ersm;jzihf yGm;xHkxm;aom "r®"mwftm;BuD; zGHUNzdK;wdk;wuf

vmavaomtcg olwpfyg;wdkYtm;vnf; rdrduJhodkY odapvdk &Sdapvdkaom

o'gqEtm; wzGm;zGm;ay:xGef;vmap\/ xdko'gtm; qEtm;rsm;jzihf

wGef;tm;ay;jcif;? rdrdtm; ypönf;av;yg;wdkYjzihf axmufyihfajr§mufulxm;

olrsm;udk wHkYvSnhfwpfzef jyefvSefaus;Zl;qyfvkdjcif;rsm;jzifh wGef;tm;ay;

jcif;yifwnf;/

qdkvdkonfrSm....

udk,fwdkifodudk udk,fydkif&SdodkYtxd qdkufapaom jznhfusihfjcif;

jzihf udk,fwGif;omoemxlaxmifNyD;rSom olwpfyg;omoem taxmuf

tulpkjyKay;jcif;yif/

þü t"duOD;pm;ay;onf udk,fwdkifusihf udk,fwdkifod&efyif

odkYr[kwf udk,fhpum; udk,fem;axmif&efyif/

udk,fhpum; udk,fudk,fwdkifurS em;raxmifygbJvsufu

wpfzufom;em;taxmifcdkif;&jcif;onf tvGefrvG,fulaom tvkyfrsKd;

wnf;/

odkYaMumihf omoemjyK0efxrf;wdkYtwGuf Oay'oum;...

u/ udk,fhpum; udk,fem;axmifyg (ajymovdkvkyfí vkyfovdk

omajymyg)

c/ NyD;rS udk,fhpum; trsm;em;axmifvm&ef BudK;pm;yg [l\/

þü (u) OD;pm;ay;aom omoemjyKvkyfief;BuD; atmifjrif

vQif trSwf(c) omoemjyKvkyfief;vnf; tNyD;tpD;atmifjrifNyDom rSwf

,lygav/

jyifyomoemjyKvnf; ESpfrsK d;

wpfzef udk,fyomoemjyKvkyfief;onfvnf;....

1/ ouf&SdESihf qufwGJzufvsufu omoemjyKjcif;u wpfrsKd;

2/ oufrJhESihf quf wGJzufvsufu omoemjyKjcif;u wpfrsKd;?

þodkYvQif ESpfrsKd;ESpfpm; uGJjym;vmjyefygacs\/ xkdwGif

1/ ouf&Sdjzihf jyK&aom omoejyKvkyfief;onfum;

udk,fwGif;omoem wnfaqmufNyD;Muygukefaom aemufyg

a0ae,swdkYjzihf udkf,fwGif;omoem rwnfrdao; &SmMuukefao;aom

a0ae,swdkYtm; omoemwnfaqmufay;jcif;wnf;/

odkYr[kwf....

bk&m;&SifBuHK;0g;awmfrlonfhtwdkif;

u/ rdrdoHo&m wpfzufurf;ayguf ul;cwfvGwfajrmufEkdifbd

odkY olwpfyg;wdkYvnf; ul;cwfvGwfajmrufap&rnf/

pmrsufESm 32 odkY

24

]oeEÅ&} [lonf urÇmtpOftquf razmufrjyef rSefpGmwnf&Sdaom w&m;jzpfonf/

DHAMMA TALKS

twGif;pum;

r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

rdefYMum;awmfrlaom

tcsif;csif;twGif;pum;

q&mawmfBuD;u....uJ....t&Sifbk&m; avQmufcsifwm

avQmufyg/ pma&;olu q&mawmfbk&m; 'umBuD;awGr&SdrS aumif;rSm

ygbk&m;[k avQmufxm;vdkuf\/

q&mawmfBuD;u tJ'DvdkrajymeJYav/ 'umBuD;awG cdk;em;

raxmifrS aumif;rSmvdkY tJ'DvdkajymAs/ r&SdrSwifvm;/ em;raxmifrS

aumif;rSmvdk YajymAs/ &[ef;awmftcsif;csif; w&m;aqG;aEG;&if vl

omraP r&Sdwm taumif;qHk;/ 'guawmh 0denf;jzpfw,f/

xkdYaemuf q&mawmfBuD;u qufí rdefYawmfrlonfrSm

á udkaygufp cifAsm;tpfr cif0if;pdefBuD;a&m bmvkyfaewkef;/

avmavmq,ftdrfrSmxdkifaew,fvdkYajymygw,fbk&m;/

tJ'DavmufeJY r&bl;/ ususee tm;xkwfvdkYajymvdkuf/

udkaygufp cifAsm;tpfr cif0if;pdefBuD;udk ajymvdkuf? iga&m*g

&Sdaeao;vm; rawG;eJY/ awG;&ifa&m*g&wmyJ/

cifAsm;tpfru toufb,favmuf&Sdao;vdkYwkef;/ usKyfwdkYrSm

toufu (71) awmif&SdaeNyD cdkif;pm;xm;wm usHK;usHK;usaeNyD/ bmjzpf

jzpf tm;xkwfzdkY ta&;BuD;w,faemf/

NyD;awmh ajymOD;r,f/ zl;BuD;u OD;aomif;nGefY? aq;½Hku tvkyf

orm;t&m&Sd OD;aomif;nGefYaygY/ olYa&m*gjzpfwkef;u olYcEmxJu azmuf

&wJhaoG;u yHk;av;yHk;&w,fvdkY rSwfwrf;&Sdw,f/ tHhMoavmufatmifaygY

av/ a&m*goufomw,fqdkygawmh/ aemufydkif;usawmh olYq&m0efawG

u OD;aomif;nGefYBuD; a&m*gppfOD;Asm/ [m...rppfeJYq&m ppfvQif

awGUoGm;rSmaygY/ olY[mol aeprf;ygap/ aq;ppfvdk Y odoGm;&if

pdwfraumif;jzpfrSmaygY/ olY[mol aeprf;ygap/

udk,fha&m*gudkawG;ae&if a&m*gqGay;wmeJYwlw,f/ rawG;bJ

ae&if taumif;qHk;/ awG;raeeJY tm;xkwfomaeAsm/

rSmvdkufao;w,f &if;ESD;wJhq&mqdk roGm;eJY/ n§mwwfw,f/

r&if;ESD;wJhae&moGm; cyfayay cyfawaweJY em;&if;tkyfrnfh q&meJY

awGU&av ydkaumif;avyJ/

usKyfwdk Y tm;xkwfvdk Y aumif;cJhwm/ [dk...y@dwm&mr

q&mawmfBuD; Murf;vdkY&cJhwm/ udk,fhapwemtwdkif;qdk&if r&bl;/

aMumufvdkY&wmAs/ aMumufawmh wGef;vkyfwmaygY/ wGef;vkyfawmh &wm

aygY/

a0'em½IuGuf

a,m*D[m a0'emjzpf&if a0'emjzpfwJhae&m pdkufNyD; rSwfcs

vdkuf/ 'goabmaygufoGm;rSmyJ/ oloabmtwdkif; odoGm;rSmav/

wpfqihfMum;zl;wm yifv,ful;oabFmarmif;ae&m a&SUrSm

vdIif;vHk;BuD;ajy;vm&if tajrmufeJYcGJypf&w,f/wu,hfa0vig;BuD;awG

a&SUu cHae&if tajrmufeJY ajcmufypf&w,f/

a,m*D[m [dka0'emu a&m*gu vdIif;eJY? t&SdefeJYvmaewm/

'Du owdtm;eJY pdkufcsypfvdkuf&if olY[mol uGJoGm;rSmyJ/ aAmZÑifeJYwl

wJhaq; r&Sdbl;vdkY ajymxm;wmyJ? 'Daq;xufaumif;wm r&Sdbl;Asmh/

a&m*ga0'emqdkwm taqmufttHkjzpfaewmudk;As/ tJ'Dawmh

olYudk jzpfysufjrifatmifudk cGJxkwfypf&w,f/ pdkufcsvdkuf? udkufwJhae&m

ud ku fw,f ? emwJ hae&memw,f ? p d ku f Ny D ;r Sw fc sv d ku fw,f/

r[mpnfenf;taumif;qHk;xifw,f/ udkufwm? emwm 'Jhxdk;rSwfwmav/

b,fa0'emvmvm pdkufMunhfprf;yg/ olYtaqmufttHku

jyaewm/ ½IrSwfvdkY jywfusoGm;&if taqmufttHkysufwmyJ/ ½Iyg/

aemufwpfcga0'emvdIif;wpfvHk;vmr,f pdkufcsrSmaygY/ olYcEmxJrSm &SdwJh

tm;ukef&if &rSmaygY/ 'gu "ar®mo" w&m;aq;ac:w,f/ w&m;

aq;avmufaumif;wm r&Sdbl;/

w&m;tm;xkwfwm pdwf"mwfrus&bl;/ pdwf"mwfuswJha&m*g

udk,fwGif;a&m*gxuf tqrwef BuD;rm;w,faemf/ pdwf"mwfrusvQif

bmrSrjzpfbl;/ q&mawmfBuD;awG ajymaeusav ½kyfemcsif&if emygap?

pdwfremapeJY/ ½kyfuawmh emwwfwJhtrsKd;emrSm yJ/ pdwfremzdkYvdkw,f/

pdwftemr&atmif trSwfpdyfpdyf rSwf&w,f/

udkaygufpBuD; cifAsm;tpfrudk ajymvdkuf/ bmvdkYr&&rSmvJ/

cdkif;wJhtwdkif;omvkyf/ r&r&Sdbl;/ &udk&rSmAsmh/ tJ'Dtwdkif; ajymvkdufAsmh/

uyÜd,BuD; OD;okreESihf 'umrsm; tuRwftvGwfausmif;ay:rS

qif;aecsdefrSmawmh r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmfBuD;u

OD;aAm"dBuD; aoaocsmcsmMunhfOD;Asm/

cdk;NyD;em;axmifovm;? em;raxmifbl;vm;[k rdefYawmfrl&if;

OD;aAm"dtoHawG tukefygr,faemf[k rdefYawmfrl&if;...'DrSm 'DrSm ,loGm;

cdkif;,loGm;cdkif;[k Mp-3 pufuav;udk vufnd§K;ñTefjyawmfrlNyD;? OD;aAm"d

u vlomESifxkwfNyD; 'gcsnf;udk rodvQif cH&vdrfhr,faemf/ awGUvm;

awGUvm;Asm/ t&Sifbk&m;r[mNrdKifuydÜ,rdkYvdkY txifrao;eJYaemf/

OD;okre? OD;Adkvfav;u a&;xm;w,f/ uwHk;BuD;eJY q&m0efwJh

[k rdefY&if; NyHK;awmfrlonf/

OD;okre uydÜ,BuD;u q&mawmf [dkol wpfa,mufa&;wmu

t0wftpm;cyfEGrf;EGrf;eJY awmom;BuD; &Gmom;BuD;vdkaygufaewJh[k

avQmufxm;ao;\/ tm;vHk;vnf; NyHK;&TifpGm &,f&if;qif;oGm;Muav

onf/

(qufvufazmfjyygrnf/)

Aka'¨g&ot&Sif£E´mp&d,(aAm"d&dyfNidrf)

25

ax&0g'onf umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömjzpfonf/

COVER SPECIAL DHAMMAPADA FEATURES

rsufESmzk H;rS Continue from front page

ta0;tm½H kod k Yvnf; ajy;xaom wpfc kwnf;aom

vSnhfvnf xaom udk,fxnfvnf; r&Sdxaom r[mbkwfwnf;

[laom vdkPfvQif wnf&m&Sdxaom pdwfudkapmihfpnf;Ekdifaom

olwd k Yonf rm&fri f;taESmi f tzG J Ur S vGwfajrmufuke f\/

*gxm-37

[dk'Da,muf,uf vGihfxGufaeaompdwf (oHC&ud©w)

'l&*FrH {up&H tp&Sdaom þokwåEÅyd#u? ck'´uedum,?

"r®y'ygVdawmf? pdwå0*¾vm? "r®a'oemawmf *gxm(37) ud k

jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wd¬jynfaZw0efausmif;ü udef;atmif;arGUavsmf

pHy,fawmfrlpOf oHC&ud©wrax&f\ wl&if;jzpfaom oHC&ud©w

&[ef;udk taMumif;jyKí a[mMum;awmfrlonf/

om0wd¬jynfü trsKd;aumif;om;wpfa,mufonf jrwfpGmbk&m;

&Sif\ w&m;a'oemudk em,lrSwfom; Mum;em&onfjzpfí vlYabmifrS

xGufNyD;vQif &[ef;jyKav\/ &[ef;yÍöif;tjzpfudk&í ]oHC&ud©w

rax&f} [laomtrnf&Sdonfjzpfí ESpf&ufoHk;&ufcsif;jzihfomvQif

t&[wåzdkvfodkY a&mufav\/

xdkrax&f\ ESri,fonf om;i,fudkarG;zGm;í rax&f\

trnfudkomvQif jyKav\/ xdkwljzpfaom oli,fonf oHC&ud©w

trnf& S donf jzp fí t&G,fod k Ya&mufonf& S daom f rax&f\

txHüomvQif &[ef;jyKí &tyfaom yÍöif;tjzpf&Sdojzihf wpfyg;aom

rxif&Sm;aom &Gmi,fwpf&Gm\ t&Hü 0godkYuyfí ckepfawmif&Sdaom

ykqdk;wpfxnf &Spfawmif&Sdaom ykqdk;wpfxnftm;jzihf ESpfxnfaom

0gqdkouFef;ykqdk;wdkYudk&í &Spfawmif&Sdaom ykqdk;ouFef;onf ig\

OyZÑm,ftm;jzpfayvwåHU[kydkif;jcm;owfrSwfNyD;aomf ckepfawmif&Sdaom

ykqdk;ouFef;onf igYtm;jzpfayvdrhfrnf[k BuHatmufarhí 0grSxajrmuf

NyD;í 0guRwfwnhfvQif OyZÑm,fudkzl;ajrmftHh[kvmcJhonf&Sdaomf vrf;c&D;

tMum;ü qGrf;cHjcif;iSmvSnhfvnfaeaom rax&ftm; awGUjrifav\/

wlawmf&[ef;onf rax&fausmif;odkY ra&mufrD ausmif;odkY0if

írax&f\ aeYoefY&mü wHjrufvSnf;NyD;vQif ajcaq;a&udk wnfxm;í

tdyf&mae&mudkcif;usif;NyD; rax&f<uawmfrlvmtHhaom c&D;udkMunhfarQmf

vsuf iHhqdkif;apmihfvihfí aeESihf\/

xdkYaemufrax&f<uvmawmfrlaomtcg oHC&ud©w&[ef;i,f

onf c&D;OD;BuKdqdkjcif;udkjyKNyD; oydwfouFef;udkvSrf;vifh,liifí

t&Sifbk&m;xdkifaeoDwif;oHk;awmfrlygavmh[k rax&fudkoDwif;oHk;ap

awmfrlNyD;aomf xef;&Guf,yfudk,lí ,yfcwfavNyD; aomufawmfa&udk

ay;í ajcwdkYudk aq;NyD;vQif rdrd,laqmifcJhaomykqdk;ouFef;udkaqmif,l

í? rax&fjrwf\ ajc&if;üxm;NyD;aomf? t&Sifbk&m; þykqdk;ouFef;udk

oHk;aqmifawmfrlygavmh[k avQmufxm;av\/

xdktcgrax&fu ]igY&SifoHC&ud©w igYtm;ouFef;jynhfpHk\/

oifomvQif oHk;aqmifavavmh} [k rdefYawmfrl\/ ]t&Sifbk&m; wynhf

awmfonf þykqdk;ouFef;udk&aomtcgrSpí þt0wfykqdk;udk t&Sif

bk&m;tm;omvQif ydkif;jcm;rSwfom;tyfyg\/ oHk;aqmifjcif;udkjyKawmf

rlygavmh} [k avQmuf\/ ]igY&Sif oHC&ud©w&Sdpawmh? igYtm; ouFef;

jynhfpH k\/ toifonfomvQif oHk;aqmifavmh} [krdef Yawmfrl\/

]t&Sifbk&m; þodkYrjyKygvifh? t&SifjrwfwdkYoHk;aqmiftyfonf&Sdaomf

wynhfawmfwdkYtm; BuD;jrwfaomtusKd;jzpfygvdrhfrnfbk&m;} [ktzefzef

Faring far, wondering alone, bodiless lying in a cave, isthe mind. Those who subdue it are freed from the bond of Ma-ra

Verse (37)The mind can wander afar (Sangha Rakkhita)

While residing at the Jetavana monastery in Savatthi,the Buddha uttered verse (37) of Suttanta Pitaka Khuddaka Nika-

ya, THE DHAMMAPADA, The Mind (cittavagga), with refer-ence to the nephew of Thera Sangharakkhita.

Once, there lived in Sa-vatthi a senior bhikkhu by thename of Sangha Rakkhita. When his sister give birth to a son,she named the child after this monk.

He came to be known as the nephew Sangha Rakkhita,and this youth in due course was admitted into the Order.

While the young bhikkhu was staying in avillage mon-astery he was offered two sets of robes and he decided to offerone set to the monk who was his uncle.

At the end of the vassa, he went to pay respects to hisuncle and he offered the robe to him. But the uncle declined toaccept the robe saying that he had enough.

Although he repeated his requested, the Elder wouldnot accept. The young bhikkhu felt disheartened thinking thathis uncle did not like him.

Since his uncle was so unwilling to share the requisiteswith him, he thought it would be better for him to leave the Orderand live the life of a layman.

From that point, his mind wandered and distractingsteam of thoughts followed.

He thought that after leaving the Order he would sellthe robe and buy a she-goat, that she-goat would breed quicklyand soon he would make enough money to enable him to marry,his wife would give birth to a son.

He would take his wife and child in a small cart to visithis uncle at the monastery, On the way, he would say that hewould carry the child, she would tell him to drive the cart and notto bother about the child. He would insist and grab the child fromher, between them the child would drop on the carttrack and thewheel would pass over the child.a

He would get so furious with his wife that he wouldstrike her with the goading-stick. At that time he was fanning hisuncle monk with a fan and he absentmindedly struck the heard ofthe monk with the fan. The monk knowing the thoughts of theyoung bhikkhu said.

"You were unable to beat your wife. Why have youbeaten an old bhikkhu?"

Young Sangha Rakkhita was very much surprised andembarrassed at the words of his uncle. He also became extremelyfrightened, and wanted to leave the monastery there and then.However the elder monk managed to take him to the presence ofthe Buddha.

When told about the whole episode, the Buddha spokekindly to the young monk and said that the mind has the abilityto think of an object even though it might be far away.

This would naturally cause much distraction. There-fore, one should strive hard for liberation from the bondage ofpassion, ill-will and ignorance.

26 umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömonf tESpfom& oabm&Sd\/

COVER SPECIAL DHAMMAPADA FEATURES

txyfxyfavQmufMum;tyfonf&Sdaomfvnf; rax&fonf tvdkr&Sdonf

omvQifwnf;/ oHC&ud©w&[ef;onf rax&ftm;,yfcwfvsufomvQif

þodkYBuH\/

]]igonfvltjzpfü rax&f\ wl&if;jzpfay\/ &[ef;jyKaom

tcgüvnf;twlaewynhfjzpfay\/ þodkYjzpfygvsuf igESihftwlwuG

OyZÑm,fq&monf oHk;aqmifjcif;udk jyKjcif;iSm tvdkr&Sd/ þq&mrax&f

onf igESihftwl wuGoHk;aqmifjcif;udk rjyKonf&Sdaomf igYtm; &[ef;

\ tjzpfjzih f tb,ftusKd;&S dtHhenf; igvljzpfawmhtHh}} [kBuHí?

xdkYaemuf wzef þodkYaom tBuHonfjzpfjyef\/

]]vlYabmifrnfonf wnfwHhEkdifcJ\/ tb,fodkYaom trIudk

jyKNyD; vljzpfí touf&Snfatmif arG;&ygtHhenf;}} [kBuHNyD;rSwzef xyfrH

í BuHjyefonfrSm ]]þ&Spfawmif&Sdaom t0wfykqdk;xnfudk a&mif;í

wpfaumifaomqdwfrudk 0,f,ltHh/ qdwfrrnfonfum; vsifpGmoGm;

zGm;vG,f\/ xdkigonf zGm;wdkif;zGm;wdkif;aom qdwfwdkYudk a&mif;csí

tzdk;udkjyKtHh/ tzdk;aMu;aiGjyKNyD; wpfa,mufaom r,m;udk aqmif,l

tHh/ xdkaqmif,ltyfaom r,m;onf wpfa,mufaom om;i,fudk

zGm;jrifvwåHU/ xdkodkYzGm;jrifaomtcg om;i,ftm; igYOD;&D;\ trnfudk

jyKí vSnf;,mOfi,füxdkifaeapNyD; ig\ om;udkvnf;aumif;? r,m;udk

vnf;aumif;? ac:aqmifcJhapí OD;&D;rax&fudk &Sdcdk;jcif;iSm vmcJhtHh/

ig\ om;udkaqmif,lcJhavmh? igonf csD,ltHh[kqdkaytHh/ xdkr,m;u

toiftm; tb,fjyKtHhenf;/ vmvSnhf þvSnf;,mOfudk armif;ESifavmh

igonf om;udkayGUcsDíaqmiftHhqdkNyD; r,m;onf om;i,fudk aqmif,l

onf&Sdaomf wnfjcif;iSm rpGrf;EkdifaomaMumihf? vSnf;bD;oGm;&m vrf;ü

ypfcsbdouJhodkY usvwåHU/ xdktcg om;i,f\ udk,fay:odkY wufí

vSnf;bD;onf vdrfhoGm;vwåHU/ xdktcg r,m;udk toifonf ig\ om;udk

igYtm;vnf;ray;/ rdrdukd,fwdkifvnf; NrJNrHcdkifcHhwnfwHhayGUcsDjcif;iSm rpGr;f

Ekdif/ toifonfzsufqD;tyfonfjzpfcJh\}} [kqdkí ESifwHjzihf ausmufukef;

udk ½dkufykwftHh[kBuH\/

xdk&[ef;i,fonf þodkYtpOftwdkif; BuHpnfatmufarhvsuf

rax&ftm; ,yfcwfae&if;jzihf rax&f\ OD;acgif;udk ,yfjzihf ykwfcwf

½dkufESufav\/

rax&fonf todkYenf; þoHC&ud©w&[ef;i,fonf ig\

OD;acgif;ü ½dkufykwftyfonfwum;[k pl;prf;qifjcifonf&Sdaomf xdkoHC

&ud©w&[ef;i,fonf BuHwdkif;BuHwdkif;aom tvHk;pHkudk tukefodjrifí

igY&SifoHC&ud©woif\om;udktrSDjyKí toif\ r,m; rmwk*grudk

½dkufESufykwfcwfjcif;udkay;jcif;iSm rpGrf;EkdifygbJ þt&yfü tdkrif;BuD;&ihf

avNyD;aom igrax&ftm; tb,ftjypf&Sdavoenf;[kqdk\/

xdkoHC&ud©w&[ef;i,fonf tHhzG,fol&Jrjzpfzl;NrJaom

ysufpD;jcif;jzihf igonfysufpD;&jcif;jzpf&acsNyD/ ig\ BuHwdkif;BuHwdkif;aom

pdwftvdkudk OyZÑm,fq&monf odawmfrlcJhacsNyDwum;? igYtm; &[ef;

\tjzpfjzihf tb,ftusKd;&SdawmhtHhenf;[k xef;&Guf,yfudk csxm;

pGefYypfNyD;vQif xGufajy;jcif;iSmtm;xkwf\/

xdktcgxGufajy;jcif;iSm tm;xkwfaom oHC&ud©wudk

yÍöif;i,fwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? omraPwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? tpOf

twdkif;vdkufí xdkoHC&ud©w&[ef;udk zrf;MuNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif

txHawmfodkY oGm;Muukef\/

jrwfpGmbk&m;ocifonf xdk&[ef;udk jrifawmfrlí ]]cspfom;

&[ef;wdkYtb,faMumihfvmMuukefbdoenf;? cspfom;&[ef;wdkYonf

wpfa,mufaom&[ef;udktb,fu zrf;ac:cJhMuoenf;}} [kar;awmf

rl\/

bkef;awmfBuD;awmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m; þyÍöif;i,fonf

omoemawmfü rarGUavsmf qefYusifjcif;jzpfí vlxGufjcif;iSm xGufajy;

onfudk zrf;,lcJhNyD; t&SifjrwfpGmbk&m;txHawmfodkY vmcJhMuygonf[k

avQmufxm;Muukefav\/

xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf oHC&ud©w&[ef;tm; omoem

awmfü rarGUavsmf qefYusif&jcif;taMumif;udk tenf;i,far;ppfawmfrl

NyD;onfhaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu oHu&ud©w&[ef;i,fudk ]]cspfom;

&[ef;vmvSnhf/ rylyef rBuHatmufarhvihf/ xdkpdwfrnfonfum; ta0;

üjzpfonfvnf; jzpfaom tm½Hkudk cHvihfwwfaom oabm&Sd\/ &m*?

a'go? arm[wnf;[laom taESmiftzGJUrS vGwfajrmufjcif;iSm vHkYvudk

jyKjcif;iSm tyf\}} [k rdefYawmfrlNyD;í þ*gxmudk a[mMum;awmfrl\/

*gxm 37/ / ta0;tm½H kod k Yvnf; ajy;xaom

wpfckwnf; aom vSnhfvnfxaom udk,fxnfvnf;r&Sdxaom?

r[mbkwfwnf; [laom vdkPfvQif wnf&m&S dxaom pdwfudk

apmihfpnf;Ekdifaom olwdkY onf rm&frif;taESmiftzGJUrS vGwfajrmuf

ukef\/

xdka'oem ygXf*gxm\ tqHk;ü wljzpfaom oHC&ud©w

rax&fonf aomwmywdåzdkvfodkYa&mufav\/ wpfyg;vnf;jzpfukefaom

rsm;pGmukefaom vlwdkYonfvnf; aomwmyefponfjzpfavukef\/

Nidrf;csrf;OD;

Then the Buddha spoke in vere as follow:-Verse- 37. faring far, wandering alone, bodiless, lying

in a cave, is the mind. Those who subdue it are freed from thebond of Ma-ra.

At the end of the discourse, the young bhikkhu attainedSota-pati Fruition.

Nyain Chan Oo.

&mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd

Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf &J&ifhwnfMunfaom

avmutjrifjzifh b0ukd&ifqkdifvsuf

atmifjrifpGm jzwfoef;EkdifMuzkdY


27

umvtvdkuf? a'otvdkuf? rSefaomopömonf toGifoP²mefoabm&Sd\/


tao0emp AmvmeH"r®bufawmfom;

]]vlrdkufqdkvQif? a&SmifaoG vGJvdk Y

rrS D0JESih f? uif;atmifae/

ynm&Sdukd? t&SnfwGJvdk Y

rS D0Jqnf;uyf? enf;,lap/

oHk;yg;&wem? rdbrsm;ESih f

q&morm;udk ylaZmfav/

csrf;omudkay;? qufqHa&;

arQmfawG; oHk;csufay/

tJ'grS ]Ak'¨0g'} urÇmhr*FvmawG/}}

þuAsmuav;onf ]'*kefq&m

OD;xGef;jrihf} a&;pyfoDuHk;xm;aom r*FvmuAsm

qHk;rpmrS pmyd k'fuav;wpfyd k'fjzpfygonf/

uRefawmfwdk Y jrefrmvlrsdK;rsm;onf xdkuAsm

av;ESihf &if;ESD;cJhMuonfrSm [dk;i,fpOf uav;

b0uwnf;[k qdk&ayrnf/ touft&G,frsm;

BuD;&ihfvmaomtcg i,fpOfu oiftHusufrSwf

cJh&aom xdkr*Fvm uAsmqHk;rpmav;onf

twdwfumvwpfckü a0;í a0;íusefcJhygawmh

onf/

xdkr*FvmuAsmuav;udk i,f&G,fpOf

u oifMum;cJh&ojzihf uav;qHk;rpmwpfck

tjzpfom tjrif&SdMuukefaom yk*¾dKvfwdkYonf

xdkuAsmuav;\tESpfcsKyfudk ppfxkwfjcif;

rjyKrdcJhMuay/ xdk YaMumifhyif vlrdkufrsm;ESihf

aygif;zufrdum b0ysufNyD; vlYavmuBuD;rS

ausmcdkif;xGufcGmoGm;olrsm;vnf; trsm;tjym;

&SdcJhacsNyD/

,ckvlYavmuBuD;wGif touf&Sif

usef&SdaeMuao;aom uREkfyfwdkYwpfawGonf

vnf; vlrkdufrsm;ESihfqufvufaygif;oif;aeMu

OD;rnfqdkvQif tb,frSmvQif ynm&Sdudk t&Snf

wGJvdkY? rSD0Jqnf;uyf enf;,lEdkifawmhrnfenf;¿

tb,frSmvQif oHk;yg;&wem rdbrsm;ESihf q&m

orm;udk ylaZmfEkdifawmhrnfenf;¿/ ynm&SdxHrS

vnf; csrf;omapaMumif; enf;vrf;aumif;rsm;

udk r&&Sd? &wemjrwfoHk;yg;ESifh rdbq&mrsm;udk

vnf; ylaZmfrIr&Sdolonf tb,frSmvQif avmuD?

avmukwå&m\ tusdK;aus;Zl;aumif;rsm; &&Sd

Edkifawmhrnfenf;/

þodkY avmuDa&m avmukwå&mrSm

yg tusdK;aus;Zl;aumif;rsm; qkwf,kwfysufjym;

&jcif;\t"duvufo,fud k &SmMunhfvQif

]]vlrdkufrsm;ESifhaygif;zufrdjcif;}} aMumifhyifjzpfyg

\/ odkYygí þrQqdk;&Gm;vSaom vlrdkufrsm;ESihf

raygif;azmfrd&ef? (wpfenf;) a&SmifuGif;wwf&ef?

þaqmif;yg;udk a&;om;&jcif;jzpfygonf/

vlrk duftppfvm;¿

vlrkdufrsm;udk a&SmifuGif;awmhrnfqdk

vQif vlrdkufudk odzdkYvdkygonf/ uRefawmfwdkY

i,fi,fu rdbrsm; qHk;rMuonfudk rSwfrdaeyg

ao;onf/

]][Jh- om;? t&uform;awGeJY raygif;

eJYaemf/ olrsm;ypönf; cdk;wwfwJhvlawGeJY raygif;

eJ Y/ tJ'g vlrd kufawG}} ponfjzih fayhg/ xdk

t&uform;? zJorm;rsm;onf wu,fraygif;

tyfaom vlrkduftppfvm;¿ tav;teufxm;

pOf;pm;Munhfrdygonf/

xdkpum;onf todÓPfrzGHUNzdK;ao;

aom uav;i,frsm;ESihf todÓPfzGHUNzdK;pç

avhvmpl;prf;wwfaomt&G,fuav;rsm;twGuf

rSefuefaompum;wpf&yfjzpfyg\/ odkYaomf-

a&SUaemufawG;ac:ajrmfjrifpOf;pm;um a0zef

ydkif;jcm;Edkifolrsm;twGufrlum;? xdkpum;udk

w&m;aoqkyfudkif rxm;oifhay/ tb,faMumifh

qdkaomf xdkt&uform;? zJorm;rsm;onf

wpf&HwpfcgrSm uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf r&Sdrjzpfvdktyf

aewwfyg onf/

Oyrm- uRefawmfwdkYawm&Gmrsm;rSmqdk

vQif vlaoí okomefü wGif;wl;&rnfqdkvQif

omrefvlrnfolrQ rvkyfcsifMuyg/ xdktcg

t&uform;rsm;udk t&ufykvif;ay;í apvTwf

&ygonf/ xdkYtjyif ykyf&daeaom vlao½kyf

tavmi f ;r sm;qd kvQi f r dom;p kutpç

rudkifcsifMuyg/ xdktcg t&uform;rsm;udkyif

tultnDawmif; &jyefyg\/ xd k YaMumif h

t&uform;ç z Jorm;rsm;onf wu,f

raygif;tyfaom vlrdkuftppf r[kwfonhf

tjyi f oem;p&mowå0gr sm;yi f jzp f

ygawmhonf/

28

"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/


þodkY taumif;bufrS Munhfjrifay;

rnfqdkvQif (udk,f[m olYtwGuf) rdwfaqGaumif;

ae&mrSaeí aygif;oif;&ygrnf/ rdrdwwfpGrf;

orQ vrf;rSefudk ñTefjyay;&ygrnf/ ]]raumif;ol

y,f? aumif;olu,f}} qdkonfrSm Ak'0g'r[kwf

ovdk ]]oifaumif;vQif uREfkyfrqdk;yg}} [laom

pum;rSmvnf; olawmfaumif;wdk Y\ pum;

r[kwf/ "r®rdwfaqGrsm; oabmaygufrnfxifyg

onf/

wu,fqdkvQif raumif;oludkom

aumif;vmatmif u,f&ygrnf/ aumif;aeol

udk u,fp&mrvdkyg/ wzef ]]oifaumif;vQif

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raumif;yg}} qdkwJhoabmaygh/ þodkYqdkvQif

r dr d ud k,fwd ki f vlrk dufpm&if;0ifaeygNy D/

A k' ¨0g't& olraumi f ;vQi fvnf;

ukd,fuaumif;atmif ae&rnfr[kwfygvm;/

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[m wu,fawmh oem;p&mawGygaemf/

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w,f/ 'gqdk wu,faMumufp&maumif;NyD;

raygif;tyfwJh vlrdkuftppfudk jyzdkY vdkvmygNyD/

vlrd kuftppf

uREfkyfwdkY rsufawmifarT;udk uREfkyfwdkY

jyefrjrif&jcif;rSm eD;vGef;aeíjzpfygonf/

xdkYtwlyif wu,faMumufp&maumif;aom

vlrkduftppfudkvnf; eD;vGef;aeí rjrifawGUcJh

Muay/ aygif;rdaeívnf; aygif;rdaerSef; rodcJh

Muay/

,if;vlrdkufrsm;rSm uREfkyfwdkY\ tZÑwå

oEÅmefü udef;atmif;vsuf&Sdaom vdkcsifwyfruf

jcif; (avmb)? trsufxGufjcif; (a'go)?

awGa0jcif; (arm[)? axmifvTm;jcif; (rme)?

t,lrSm;jcif; ('d|d)? &wemjrwfoHkk;yg;tay:

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udavomw&m; (10) yg; wdkYyif jzpfMuygonf/

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vm;¿? bmawGvJ¿ ponfjzihf awGa0aejcif;

onf ]]arm[vlrkduf}} ESihf vufwGJrdjcif;jzpfyg\/

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aygufavmufygNyD/ tqif;? toH? teHY? t&om?

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aygif;zufrdjcif;ygaywnf;/

tqdkyg udavomvlrdkufrsm;onf

wHcg;oHk;qifhudk jzwfausmfum 0ifa&mufvmcJh

jcif;jzpfonf/ yxrOD;pGm pdwfwHcg;ayguf

(raem'Gm&) rS pwif0ifa&mufvmyg\/

xd k Yaemuf EIwfwHcg;ayguf (0pD'Gm&) odk Y

0ifa&mufygonf/ xd kE IwfwHcg;aygufr S

jzwfausmfcGih fjyKvkdufvQif udk,fwHcg;ayguf

(um,'Gm&) odkY a&muf&Sdum um,uHajrmuf

0ifa&mufarGaESmufygawmhonf/

xdktqihfonf y#dpöorkyÜg'f puf0dkif;

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yxr- aomwmywådr*fESihf 'kwd, ou'g*grdr*f

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pmrsufESm 39 odkY

30"r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

ig;aMumf udk,fyd ki f; rpm;&onhfES,fig;aMumf udk,fyd ki f; rpm;&onhfES,fig;aMumf udk,fyd ki f; rpm;&onhfES,fig;aMumf udk,fyd ki f; rpm;&onhfES,fig;aMumf udk,fyd ki f; rpm;&onhfES,fcifolZmjrihf

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36

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r&S dao;vdk Yyg/ tckajymjyxm;ovdkav;

"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/


37

orm"dav;&atmif t&ifqHk; t&if;av;

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rarhygeJY/

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urf;rSmuyfoGm;jcif;qdkwJh tEÅ&m,ftay:

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ua&m bmrsm;jzpfygvdrhfrvJqdkwmav;udk

qufpOf;pm;rdaeygawmhonf/

(2) [dkbufurf;rSmuyfoGm;jcif; (tEÅ&m,f

eHygwf- 2)

olYqdkvdk&if;uawmh tjyiftm½Hk (6)

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csrf;omtppfjzpfwJh edAÁmefeJYwlwJh ork'&mxJudk

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0J*,ufxJrSmvnfNyD; pkef;pkef;jr§Kyf&ygvdrhfr,fvdkY

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&if 'DtEÅ&m,fuvnf; a&SmifEd ki fzd k Yawmh

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awGu wef;0ifvmwmaemf/ aumif;wmav;udk

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/

usrf;ñTef;- y#dpöorkyÜg'fa'oem

qufvufazmfjyygrnf

apmoZif (rEÅav;)

38"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfonf/

MORAL AND ETHIC

à aemufausmzHk;rSà from back coverajrUpGmaygif;oif;EdkifMuatmif? txD;usefjcif;? tcGifhta&;qHk;½IH;cH&jcif;

ESihf aMumuf&GHUpdk;xdwfjcif;wdkYrS vGwfuif;&Sif;vif;&atmif aumif;rGefonhf

tajccHrIrsm;udk azmfaqmifzefwD;ay;Muygonf/

xdrf;jrm;vufxyfMu&mwGif vufxyfMuolwpfOD;csif;pDonf

tjcm;wpfOD;\ uRrf;usifonhft&nftcsif;rsm;udk todtrSwfjyKí?

aus;Zl;wif0rf;ajrmufpGm vufcHtm;ay;NyD;? wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; tjyeftvSef

tm;jznhfjr§ihfwifMuum tjznhfcHb0wpfckudk jyKpkysdK;axmifoGm;Mu&rnf

jzpfygonf/ owdkYom;ESihf owdkYorD;wdkYonf wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; wpfzufESifh

wpfzuf? oluomonf iguomonf[laom tawG;tac:pdwfrsdK;udk

vHk;0rarG;jrLoihfMuay/ wpfOD;\tm;enf;csufudk wpfOD;u jznhfqnf;ay;

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tdrfaxmif&SifwpfOD;u jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ZeD;r,m;tay:

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rsm;udk ar;jref;avQmufxm;&m? jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu þuJhodkY rdefYMum;awmf

rlcJhygonf/

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always honour and respect his wife, by being faithful to her, bygiving her the requisite authority to manage domestic affairs andby giving her befitting ornaments.

This advice, given over twenty five centuries ago, standsgood for today. Knowing the psychology of the man who tendsto consider himself supeior, the Budha made a remarkable changeand uplifted the status of a woman by a simple suggestion that ahusband should honour and pespect his wife.

The suggestion, that a husband should be faithful tohis wife, would mean that a husband should fulfil and maintainhis marital obligations to his wife, this sustaining the confidencein the marital relationship in every sense the word.

The husband, being a bread winner, would invariablystay away from home, hence he should entrust the domestic orhousehold duties to the wife who should be considered as thehome economic administrator.

The provision of befitting ornaments to the wife shouldbe symbolic of the husband's love, care and attention showeredon the wife. This symbolic gesture has gone on from time imme-morial.

With regard to the manner as to low a wife should min-ister to the needs of a husband, the Buddha advised that the wifeshould be proficient in her household duties, she should accordcordial hospitality to her husband's relatives and friends, sheshould be faithful to her husband, she should protect and con-serve what her husband earns, and she sould show skill anddiligence in all her duties.

It will be observed that in accordance with the list ofduties a wife is expected to perform to meet the needs of a hus-band, a wife should not be treated as merely a natural or femininegift to her husband, but should be treated as a partner of equalstanding in a delightful relationship that should be nurtured re-ciprocally by both parties in a spirit of sincere loyalty, gentlenessand devoled dedication to one another.

Many prosent day families have been broken due to theinability of the wife to run a home properly, her hostility towardsher husband's relatives and friends, infidelity and the inordinatesquandering of the husband's hard-earned savings.

Hence the guidelines given by the Buddha to both hus-bands and wives, should be honoured and respected by all whotreasure and value our happy and ethical family relationships. Ofcourse some of these injunctions given such along time ago,could be re-construed to be compatible with the needs of modernsociety.

(To be Continued)Dhamma V1

-raThandar Aung,ITBM University, Yangon.

39

"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

MORAL AND ETHIC

u jzpfonf/

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Ak'bmomwpfOD;\usihf0wfodu©mqdkif&m udk,fusifhw&m; (3)Moral and Eithical Conduct of a Buddhist (3)

By. Venerable Dr.K.Sri Dhammananda, JSM.,Ph.D, D.Litt.Translated into Myanmar by Dhamma V1

-ra Thandar Aung; International Therava-da Buddhist Missionary University, Yangon.

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MORAL AND ETHIC

"r®0D&-oEÅmatmif(tjynfjynfqkdif&max&0g'wuúodkvf)

The guidelines given by the Buddha to both husbands and wives, should be honoured and re-spected by all who treasure and value our happy and ethical family relationships.

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Marriage

A society grows through a network of relationshipswhich are mutually inter- twined and interdependent. Every rela-tionship is a whole hearted commitment to support and to pro-tect others in a group or community. Marriage plays a very im-portant part in this strong web of relationships of giving supportand protection.

A good marriage should grow and develop graduallyfrom understanding and not impulse, from true loyalty and notjust sheer indulgence. The institution of marriage provides a finebasis for the development of culture, a delightful association oftwo individuals to be nurtured, and to be free from loneliness,deprivation and fear.

In marriage, each partner develops a complementary role,giving strength and moral courage to one another, each mani-festing a supportive and appreciative recognition of the other'sskills. There must be no thought of either man or woman beingsuperior- each is complementry to the other, a partnership ofequality, exuding gentleness, generosity, calm and dedication.

The Buddha, in reply to a householder as to how ahusband should minister to his wife, declared that the husband

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Dhamma Vira Journal, DV25-09

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