Assistance

DGP

Identify the Part of Speech of each word in this week’s sentence.Noun: Person, place, or thingPronoun: Replaces a noun (he, she, we, etc.)Verb: Action or state of being or links the subject to a wordAdjective: Describes a noun or pronoun. Tells Which one? How many? What kind?Adverb: Modifies a verb, adverb, or adjective. Tells How? When? Where? To what extent?Conjunction: Connects words with and, or, etc.Preposition: Shows relationship between noun and other parts of the sentence. Interjection: Expresses strong emotion

PART I

Complete Subject

• The part of the sentence about which something is being said

Complete Predicate

• The part of the sentence

that says something about the subject.

• Contains the verb

PART II COMPLETE SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES

The simple subject is the main word or essential NOUN/pronoun in the complete subject.

The simple predicate is the

essential VERB or the main word

/group of words in the predicate.

Simple SubjectSimple

predicate

PART II SIMPLE SUBJECT AND PREDICATE

Receives the action expressed by the

verb or names the result of the action.

• Answers the questions whom?

or what ? after the verb

Mom bought new curtains for my

bedroom.

More than one noun,

pronoun, or group of words acting as

a noun that receives the action of the

same transitive verb

We painted the walls and woodwork.

The direct object

Compound direct objects

PART II COMPLEMENTS

• Before the direct object and tells to whom/what or for whom/what the action of

the verb is done.• Never follows the word to or for

1. Find verb

2. Ask “To whom/what?” or “For whom/what?”

S V IO DOThe clerk sold me the wrong size. (Sold to

whom? To me)S V IO DO

I gave the car a coat of wax. (Gave to what? To the car)

INDIRECT OBJECTS

NOTE: You do not need to rephrase questions into statements.

Noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and renames,

identifies, or explains the subject of a sentence.

S V PNJackson became a

superstar. (Superstar renames Jackson.)

PN V SThe better player is Tim.

(Tim identifies player.)

Adjective that follows a linking verb and describes the subject of

the sentence.

S V PNThe pizza smelled

delicious. (Delicious describes

pizza.) S V PN

Harry is always late. (Late describes

Harry.)

Predicate nominatives

Predicate adjectives

SUBJECT COMPLEMENTS

Preposition (examples): across, after, against, around, at, before, below, between, by, during,

except, for, from, in, of, off, on, over, since, through, to, under, until, with, according to,

because of, Instead of, etc.Gerund: Verb acting like a noun; ends in –ing

Reading is fun. I enjoy shopping.

Participle: Verb acting like an adjective; ends in –ing or –ed

I have running shoes. I was frightened.

Infinitive: to + verb; can act like a noun

I like to eat. I need a pen to write.

PHRASES DEFINITIONS

1) Appositive: noun or pronoun that follows and renames another noun or pronoun

My son, Matt, likes trains.2) Prepositional: group of words beginning with a preposition and ending with a noun or pronoun

adjective: I want a room with a view. or adverb: His house is on the lake.

3) Gerund: Gerund plus its modifiers and objectsWriting long essays can be fun.

4) Participle: Participle plus its modifiers and objects

Running down the hall, he bumped into the principal.

5) Infinitive: Infinitive plus its modifiers and objects

He likes to eat pepperoni pizza.

PART II PHRASES

NOTE

Gerunds and Participles will ALWAYS end in –ing

Participles will DESCRIBE something (act as an

adjective)Gerunds will act as a noun

Gerunds

Gerunds may serve multiple purposes in a sentence.

Singing is very enjoyable. SUBJECTSusan enjoys singing. DIRECT OBJECT

Susan gave singing her full attention. INDIRECT OBJECT

Her favorite activity is singing. PREDICATE NOUN

Susan enjoys an afternoon of singing. OBJECT OF A PREPOSTION

Susan’s favorite hobby, singing, brought her joy. APPOSITIVE

Every sentence will ALWAYS have

an independent

clause.An

independent clause can

stand alone.

A dependent clause can

NEVER stand alone.

A dependent clause must

have a subject and a verb.

Independent Clauses

Dependent Clauses

PART III CLAUSES

Simple: One independent clauseCompound: Two or more

independent clausesComplex: One independent

clause and one or more dependent clauses

Compound-Complex: Two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses

PART III SENTENCE TYPES

A clause is a sentence that contains a subject and a verb.

If a sentence contains only one subject and only one verb (verb

phrase), it is an independent clause.

A sentence can only be compound-complex if it has

more than one subject and more than one verb.

CLAUSES

1. A declarative sentence makes a statement and ends in a period.

2. An interrogative sentence asks a question and ends in a question

mark.3. An imperative sentence gives a

command.4. An exclamatory sentence

expresses strong feelings and ends in an exclamation point.

PART III SENTENCE PURPOSE