DFS 1 Introduction
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Transcript of DFS 1 Introduction
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Data Structure
Data Structure:Structure:
Way/Method to store something so that,The stored thing can be accessed quickly and efficiently.
Examples:Room of your house:
To store your belongings.Cupboard / Cabinet in your room:
To store your important accessories such as clothesetc.
Hardbound Box files:
To store your bills etc.
Class:To store students.
Data:Collection of facts and figures.
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Data Structure
No Name Gender English Maths Total
1 Sachin M 50 60 110
2 Sunita F 50 40 90
3 Virat M 40 60 100
Entity SetDomain
Marksheet
Students DataEntity: Student
Whose Data?For which Entity?
Attributes
Row / Record / Tuple
(Gender) = {M, F}
Domain (English) = {x / x varies from 0 to 100}
Question:What is the importance of this data to a particular person?
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Data Structure
Data:Importance of data to a person depends on the:
Person who is trying to see/analyze the data.
Example:Importance of TYBCA marksheet data to a TYBBA student?
Nothing.
Importance of TYBCA marksheet data to a TYBCA student?Wants to know his own record.Might want to know his friends record.
Importance of TYBCA marksheet to a BCA faculty?Wants to know the result of his subject.
Importance of TYBCA marksheet to a Director?Wants to know the overall result of his college.
Conclusion:Same data can have,
Different meaning/importance to different people.
This data / part of data with some meaning is called:Information
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Data Structure
Information:Information is:Processed Data / Meaningful Data which can be used totake,
Important decisions.
Example:After seeing the information of his result, a student mighttake a decision whether to:
Continue studies,
Continue in same college,
Join some business.After seeing the information, a director might take adecision whether to:
Change subject faculty,
Remove that faculty altogether.
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Data v/s Information
Data & Information:
There is a major difference between these2 things.
However many a times, both the words
Data & Information are used
interchangeably.
Procedure
to
Process
Data
Data
Information-1
Information-2
Information-n
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Data Structure
Data Structure:Way/Method to store data so that,
Various processes (Searching, Filtering etc)
can be applied on that data and,
Information from that stored data can be
accessed quickly and efficiently.
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Tell the Structure?Data: Books
Randomly arranged on top of each other
Properly arranged by subject, author etc.
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Tell the Structure?Data: Light Bills, Phone Bills, Water Bills of different months
Everything in a
single file.
Everything in a single file with markers.
In 3 different files
sorted by month etc.
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Data Structure
Data Structure:Way/Method to store data so that,
Various processes (Searching, Filtering etc) can be applied onthat data and,
Information from that stored data can be accessed quickly andefficiently.
ORIt is a triplet consisting of:
D: (What is stored?)
Data that can be stored in the structure.
F: (Why it is stored?)
Functions / Operations that can be done on the stored data.A: (How is it stored?)
Axioms (Rules) to be applied when storing the data.
So,
Data Structure (DS) = (D, F, A)
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Data Structure
Data Structure:We are already aware about,
The advantages of,Storing the same data in a computer than,
Storing in a physical file / physical world.
Example:
Students marksheet stored on physical paper compared tothe same marksheet stored in some software (Excel) ofComputer.
Advantages of storing data in a computer:More accessing speed and hence less time consuming.
More accuracy.
Changes / Modifications could be easily done.
No problem of concentration.Not tempted and does not use Facebook.
Will not get tired.Does not require food, drinks apart from electricity.
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Data Structure
Data Structure:How to store data in a computer?
Examples:Student Marksheet:
Microsoft Excel
Letters:
Microsoft Word
Music Files:In different folders according to Genre.
3D designs:
3D Home Architect / AutoCad
Dates:
Excel, Database, ?
Mathematical Equations such as Polynomials:
?
Family Tree of a Person:
?
Route / Path of a Flight:
?
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Data Structure
Data Structure Using C:How to store data in a computer?
By instructing the computer,
By commanding the computer,
By programming the computer using,
Any programming language such as:
C, C++, Java
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Data Structure
Data Structure Using C:Examples:
34:
int
99.50:
float
a:
char
List of roll numbers / List of marks:
ArrayFamily Tree:
Tree
Path / Route of a Flight:
Graph
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Data Structure
int
char
float
Array Tree
9 7 3 0 5 9
7
3
0
5
V/S V/S
Built-InCreated
LinearNon-
Linear
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Classification of Data Structures
Primitive Non-Primitive Non-Non-Primitive
Basic Classic Complex
int
char
float
boolean
Lattice
Petri Nets
Neural Nets
Search Graphs
Semantic Nets
Data Structures
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Classification of Data Structures
Linear Non-Linear
Array Linked List Stack Queue Trees Graphs Tables Sets
Non-Primitive / Classic Data Structures