Development of the Uzi Machine Gun
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Transcript of Development of the Uzi Machine Gun
Uzi 1
Uzi
IMI Uzi
The IMI Uzi submachine gun. Type Submachine Gun, Machine Pistol
Place of origin Israel
Service history
Used by See Users
Wars Suez Crisis, Six-Day War, Yom Kippur War, Sri Lankan Civil War, Portuguese Colonial War, South AfricanBorder War, Rhodesian Bush War
Production history
Designer Uziel Gal[1]
Designed 1948
Manufacturer Israel Military Industries, FN Herstal, Norinco, Lyttleton Engineering Works (under Vektor Arms),RH-ALAN
Produced 1950-present
Number built 10,000,000+[2]
Variants See Variants
Specifications
Weight 3.5 kg (7.72 lb)[1]
Length • 640 mm (25.2 in) stock extended[1]
• 470 mm (18.5 in) stock collapsed
Barrel length 260 mm (10.2 in)[1]
Cartridge 9x19mm Parabellum, .22 LR, .45 ACP, .41 AE
Action Blowback[1]
Rate of fire 600 rounds/min[1]
Muzzle velocity 390 m/s (1280 ft/s)[1]
Effective range 100 m (328 ft)
Maximum range 200 m (656 ft)
Feed system 10 (.22 and .41 AE), 16 (.45 ACP) 20, 32, 40 and 50-round box magazines
Sights Iron sights
Uzi 2
The Uzi (Hebrew: יזוע, officially cased as UZI) is a related family of open bolt, blowback-operated submachineguns. Smaller variants are considered to be machine pistols. The Uzi was one of the first weapons to use atelescoping bolt design which allows for the magazine to be housed in the pistol grip for a shorter weapon.The first Uzi submachine gun was designed by Major Uziel Gal in the late 1940s. The prototype was finished in1950; first introduced to IDF special forces in 1954, the weapon was placed into general issue two years later. TheUzi has found use as a personal defense weapon by rear-echelon troops, officers, artillery troops and tankers, as wellas a frontline weapon by elite light infantry assault forces.The Uzi has been exported to over 90 countries.[2] Over its service lifetime, it has been manufactured by IsraelMilitary Industries, FN Herstal, and other manufacturers. From the 1960s through the 1980s, Uzi submachine gunswere sold to more military and police markets than any other submachine gun ever made.[3]
DesignThe Uzi uses an open bolt, blowback-operated design. The open bolt design exposes the breech end of the barrel, andimproves cooling during periods of continuous fire; however, it means that since the bolt is held to the rear whencocked, the receiver is more susceptible to contamination from sand and dirt ingress. It and the Czechoslovakianseries 23 to 26 were the first weapons to use a telescoping bolt design, in which the bolt wraps around the breech endof the barrel.[4] This allows the barrel to be moved far back into the receiver and the magazine to be housed in thepistol grip, allowing for a heavier, slower-firing bolt in a shorter, better-balanced weapon.[3]
The weapon is constructed primarily from stamped sheet metal, making it less expensive per unit to manufacturethan an equivalent design machined from forgings. With relatively few moving parts, the Uzi is easy to strip formaintenance or repair. The magazine is housed within the pistol grip, allowing for intuitive and easy reloading indark or difficult conditions, under the principle of 'hand finds hand'. The pistol grip is fitted with a grip safety,making it difficult to fire accidentally. However, the protruding vertical magazine makes the gun awkward to firewhen prone.[4] The Uzi features a bayonet lug.[5]
When the gun is de-cocked, the ejector port closes, preventing entry of dust and dirt. Though the Uzi'sstamped-metal receiver is equipped with pressed reinforcement slots to accept accumulated dirt and sand, theweapon can still jam with heavy accumulations of sand in desert combat conditions when not cleaned regularly.[6]
Uzi 3
Operational use
An Israeli soldier with an Uzi during the YomKippur War
The Uzi gun was designed by Major (Captain at the time) Uziel Gal ofthe Israel Defense Forces (IDF) following the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.The weapon was submitted to the Israeli army for evaluation and wonout over more conventional designs due to its simplicity and economyof manufacture. Gal did not want the weapon to be named after him,but his request was ignored. The Uzi was officially adopted in 1951.First introduced to IDF special forces in 1954, the weapon was placedinto general issue two years later. The first Uzis were equipped with ashort, fixed wooden buttstock, and this is the version that initially sawcombat during the 1956 Suez campaign. Later models would beequipped with a folding metal stock.[6]
The Uzi was used as a personal defense weapon by rear-echelontroops, officers, artillery troops and tankers, as well as a frontlineweapon by elite light infantry assault forces. The Uzi's compact sizeand firepower proved instrumental in clearing Syrian bunkers andJordanian defensive positions during the 1967 Six-Day War. Thoughthe weapon was phased out of frontline IDF service in the 1980s, someUzis and Uzi variants were still used by a few IDF units untilDecember 2003, when the IDF announced that it was retiring the Uzi
from all IDF forces.[7]
In general, the Uzi was a reliable weapon in military service. However, even the Uzi fell victim to extremeconditions of sand and dust. During the Sinai campaign of the Yom Kippur War, IDF army units reaching the Suezreported that of all their small arms, only the 7.62 mm FN MAG machine gun was still in operation.[8]
The Uzi proved especially useful for Mechanized infantry needing a compact weapon, and for infantry units clearingbunkers and other confined spaces. However, its limited range and accuracy in automatic fire (approximately 50 m)could be disconcerting when encountering enemy forces armed with longer-range small arms, and heavier supportweapons could not always substitute for a longer-ranged individual weapon. These failings eventually caused thephaseout of the Uzi from IDF forces.[7]
The Uzi has been used in various conflicts outside Israel and the Middle East during the 1960s and 1970s. Quantitiesof 9 mm Uzi submachine guns were used by Portuguese cavalry, police, and security forces during the PortugueseColonial Wars in Africa.[6]
Uzi 4
Worldwide arms sales
Secret Service agents cover the evacuation ofPresident Ronald Reagan during the assassinationattempt by John Hinckley, Jr. on March 30, 1981
Total sales of the weapon to date (end 2001) has netted IMI over $2billion (US), with over 90 countries using the weapons either for theirarmed forces or in law enforcement.[3]
• The German Bundeswehr used the Uzi since 1959 under the nameMP2 (especially for tank crews) and is now changing to the Heckler& Koch MP7.
• The Irish Gardaí ERU are replacing the Uzi with the HK MP7.• In Rhodesia in the late 1970s the Uzi was produced under license,
from Israeli-supplied, and later made in Rhodesia, components. Itwas commonly called the "Rhuzi" (although the title was applied tosome indigenous submachine gun designs).
• Sri Lanka ordered a few thousand Mini Uzi and Uzi Carbines in1990s. Currently those are deployed with Sri Lanka Army, Sri Lanka Navy Elite Forces and Sri Lanka PoliceSpecial Task Force as their primary weapon when providing security for VIPs.
• The United States Secret Service used the Uzi as their standard submachine gun from the 1960s until the early1990s, when it was phased out and replaced with the FN P90. When President Ronald Reagan was shot on March30, 1981 outside of the Washington Hilton Hotel by John Hinckley Jr., Secret Service Special Agent RobertWanko pulled an Uzi out of a briefcase and covered the rear of the presidential limousine as it sped to safety withthe wounded president inside.[3]
Military variants
Uzi Submachine GunStandard Uzi with a 10-inch barrel. It has a rate of automatic fire of 600 rounds per minute(rpm) when chambered in9mm Parabellum, the .45 ACP model's rate of fire is slower at 500 rpm.[6]
Mini-UziA scaled-down version of the regular Uzi, first introduced in 1980. The Mini-Uzi is 600 mm (23.62 inches) long or360 mm (14.17 inches) long with the stock folded. Its barrel length is 197 mm (7.76 inches), its muzzle velocity is375 m/s (1230 f/s) and its effective range is 100 m. It has a greater automatic rate of fire of 950 rounds per minutedue to the shorter bolt.[6]
Micro-UziAn even further scaled down version of the Uzi, introduced in 1986. The Micro-Uzi is 486 mm long, reduced to282 mm with the stock folded and its barrel length is 134 mm. Its muzzle velocity is 350 m/s (1148 f/s) and its cyclicrate of fire is 1,200 rpm.[6]
Civilian variants
Uzi CarbineSimilar in appearance to the Uzi submachinegun, the Uzi carbine is fitted with a 16 inch barrel (400mm), to meet theminimum rifle barrel length requirement for civilian sales in the United States. It fires from a closed-bolt position insemiautomatic mode only and uses a floating firing pin as opposed to a fixed firing pin.[8]
Uzi 5
The Uzi Carbine had two main variants, the Model A (imported from 1980 to 1983)and the Model B (imported from1983 until 1989). These two variants were imported and distributed by Action arms.[8]
In the mid 1990s Norinco of China manufactured an unlicensed copy of the Uzi model B with modifications made toavoid the US Assault Weapon Import Ban. The folding stock was replaced with a wooden thumbhole stock, thebarrel nut was welded in place, and the bayonet lug was removed. The gun had a gray parkerized finish and was soldas the M320.[9]
Mini-Uzi CarbineSimilar in appearance to the Mini-Uzi machine pistol, the Mini-Uzi carbine is fitted with a 19.8 inch barrel, to meetthe minimum rifle overall length requirement for civilian sales in the United States. It fires from a closed-boltposition in semi-automatic mode only.[8]
Uzi PistolThe Uzi Pistol is a semi-automatic, closed bolt, and blowback-operated pistol variant. Its muzzle velocity is 345 m/s.It is a Micro-Uzi with no shoulder stock or full-automatic firing capability. The intended users for the pistol werevarious security agencies in need of a high-capacity semi-automatic pistol, or civilian shooters that wanted a gunwith those qualities and the familiarity of the Uzi style. It was introduced in 1984 and produced until 1993.[6]
Caliber variantsMost Uzis fire the 9x19mm Parabellum cartridge, though some fire .22 LR, .41 AE, or .45 ACP. Caliber conversionsexist in .40 S&W and 10 mm auto.[10]
Available magazines include 20-, 25-, 32-, 40-, and 50-round magazines (9x19mm Parabellum), 10-round magazines(.41 and .22 LR), and 16-round magazines (.45 ACP). All of the above are manufactured by IMI. Otherhigh-capacity magazines exist (e.g. 50-round magazines and 100-round drums in 9 mm) which were manufacturedby companies such as Vector Arms.
Uzi 6
Users
A visit, board, search and seizure team attachedto the Brazilian Navy frigate Independencia (F44) rappels onto a ship from a Brazilian NavyLynx helicopter during an exercise in 2007.
A Nigerien soldier with an Uzi.
• Algeria[11]
• Angola[11]
• Australia[12]
• Bangladesh: Used by the Rapid Action Battalion.[13]
• Belgium: Made under license.[1]
• Bolivia[11]
• Brazil:[12] Mini-Uzi variant.[11]
• Central African Republic[11]
• Chad[11] [14]
• Chile[11]
• Colombia[11]
• Croatia: Manufactured unlicensed copies of the Uzi andMicro-Uzi called the ERO and Mini ERO respectively.[11] [15]
• Democratic Republic of Congo[11]
• Dominican Republic[11]
• Ecuador[11] [14]
• El Salvador[11]
• Eritrea[11]
• Estonia: Uses the Mini-Uzi variant.[16]
• Ethiopia[11]
• France[12]
• Gabon[11]
• Germany: Made under license.[1]
• Guatemala[11] [14]
• Haiti: Uzi and Mini-Uzi variants used by Haitian NationalPolice.[11]
• Honduras: Uzi and Mini-Uzi variants.[11]
• India: Uzi variant was used by the Special Protection Groupuntil 2008, when it was replaced with the FN P90.[17]
• Indonesia[11]
• Iran[1]
• Ireland:[12] Used by the Regional Support Unit.[18]
• Israel: Uzi and Mini-Uzi variants.[11] Mini-Uzi variant was used by the YAMAM elite unit and Shin Bet.[19]
• Kenya[11] [14]
• Liberia[11]
• Luxembourg[11]
• Malta[11]
• Netherlands[1]
• Nicaragua[11]
• Niger[11]
• Nigeria[11]
• Panama[11]
• Paraguay[11] [14]
• Peru: Uzi, Mini-Uzi, and Micro-Uzi variants.[11]
• Philippines[11]
Uzi 7
• Portugal[11]
• Romania: Mini-Uzi variant is used by the Military Police.[20]
• Rwanda[11]
• Somalia[11]
• South Africa[14]
• Sri Lanka[11]
• Sudan[11]
• Suriname[11]
• Swaziland[11]
• Syria[12]
• Taiwan[11]
• Thailand[11] [1]
• Togo[11]
• Tunisia[11]
• Uganda[11]
• United States[8] [12]
• Uruguay[11]
• Venezuela[11] [1]
• Zimbabwe[11]
Gallery
An Uzisubmachine
gun.
A Mini-Uzi. Uzi with suppressor. Uzi withfixed wooden
buttstock.
Uzi and MP 40. Uzi used in Israel 9mm from Uzi
Uzi 8
See also• BXP• BSM/9 M1• MPA• Patria• Ruger MP9• List of submachine guns
External links• Israel Weapon Industries (IWI): Mini Uzi & Micro Uzi [21]
• The Official Uzi Website [22]
• Uzi History, Reference Material, Parts, Discussion Forum [23]
• Uzi in Parts [24] (German)
• Video of suppressed Uzi being fired [25]
References[1] Miller, David (2001). The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns. Salamander Books Ltd. ISBN 1-84065-245-4.[2] McManners, Hugh (2003). Ultimate Special Forces. DK Publishing, Inc. ISBN 0-7894-9973-6.[3] Hackathorn, Ken (1995). "Using the Uzi". Fighting Firearms (Soldier of Fortune) 3 (1): 18–23.[4] Hogg, Ian V (1979). Guns and How They Work. New York: Everest House. pp. 157–158. ISBN 0-89696-023-4.[5] Jack Lewis, Robert K. Campbell, David Steele(1999), The Gun Digest Book of Assault Weapons p.222[6] Dockery, Kevin (2007). Future Weapons. Berkley Trade. pp. 227–229. ISBN 978-0425217504.[7] "Israel's army phases out country's iconic Uzi submachine gun" (http:/ / www. usatoday. com/ news/ world/ 2003-12-18-uzi_x. htm).
Usatoday.Com. 2003-12-18. . Retrieved 2009-06-09.[8] Long, Duncan (1989). Terrifying Three: Uzi, Ingram And Intratec Weapons Families. Boulder, Colorado: Paladin Press. pp. 25–31.
ISBN 978-0873645232.[9] Department oF the Treasury Study on the Sporting Suitability oF ModiFied Semiautomatic Assault RiFles (4-98)[10] "UZI Talk — Caliber Conversions" (http:/ / files. uzitalk. com/ reference/ pages/ caliberconversions. htm). Files.uzitalk.com. . Retrieved
2009-06-09.[11] Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009). ISBN 978-0710628695.[12] Cadiou, Yves L. (1977). Modern Firearms. Routledge & Kegan Paul PLC. pp. 86–93. ISBN 978-0710084248.[13] Uzi Submachine Gun. (http:/ / www. bdmilitary. com/ index. php?option=com_content& view=article& id=203) Retrieved on October 28,
2008.[14] Diez, Octavio (2000). Armament and Technology. Lema Publications, S.L. ISBN 84-8463-013-7.[15] "Submachine Gun Type "Ero" cal. 9x19mm > Alan Agency > Product Catalogue" (http:/ / www. aalan. hr/ Product-Catalogue/ tabid/ 3622/
articleType/ ArticleView/ articleId/ 11522/ categoryId/ 274/ Submachine-Gun-Type-Ero-cal-9x19mm. aspx). Aalan.hr. . Retrieved2009-10-22.
[16] "Eesti Kaitsevägi — Tehnika — Püstolkuulipilduja Mini UZI" (http:/ / www. mil. ee/ ?menu=tehnika1& sisu=uzi). Mil.ee. . Retrieved2009-06-09.
[17] Unnithan, Sandeep (August 22, 2008). "If Looks Could Kill" (http:/ / indiatoday. intoday. in/ site/ Story/ 13607/ INDIASCOPE/ If+ looks+could+ kill. html). India Today (Online). . Retrieved 2009-04-04.
[18] "Commuter-belt garda squad to carry new armour-piercing submachine gun" (http:/ / www. independent. ie/ national-news/commuterbelt-garda-squad-to-carry-new-armourpiercing-submachine-gun-bertie-to-launch-journalists-memoir-widow-of-fianna-fails-neil-blaney-dies-declan-lynch-for-electric-picnic-talk-retirement-group-hosts-alan-stanford-funeral-of-fashion-editors-mother-1873265.html). Irish Independent. 2009-08-30. . Retrieved 2010-01-31.
[19] Meyr, Eitan (January 06, 1999). "Special Weapons for Counter-terrorist Units" (http:/ / www. janes. com/ security/ law_enforcement/ news/ipi/ ipi0312. shtml). Jane's — Law Enforcement. . Retrieved 2009-09-26.
[20] "Politia Militara" (http:/ / www. politia. forter. ro/ index. php?pagina=6). Ministerul Apararii Nationale. . Retrieved 2010-02-15.[21] http:/ / www. israel-weapon. com/ default. asp?catid=%7B961053C3-242F-42C0-90DA-7E3FE7754685%7D[22] http:/ / www. uzi. com/[23] http:/ / www. uzitalk. com[24] http:/ / www. bimbel. de/ artikel/ artikel-13. html[25] http:/ / www. youtube. com/ watch?v=2aax35iZsBU
Article Sources and Contributors 9
Article Sources and ContributorsUzi Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=373851623 Contributors: 667NotB, Aitias, Akyoyo94, Alansohn, Albrozdude, Aldis90, Andycjp, Angrynight, Anomen, AnthonyAppleyard, Aruton, Ary29, Asams10, Ashmoo, Astronaut, Attakmint, AyeBraine, Bananatimes, Battoe19, BjKa, Blakegripling ph, Blehfu, Bobblewik, Bobo192, BonesBrigade, Bongwarrior,Boris Barowski, Brigader General, Britans, Bschoner, Calltech, Canuck-qw, CaptainFugu, Carfanatic, CatharFourNine, Cerebellum, Chiefsfan1, CiTrusD, Cielomobile, Cmdrjameson, Coffeekid,ColombianosU, CommonsDelinker, Conchstar, Congin123, Connect007, Corporal Punishment, Cortland, Cosprings, Cptnono, Crserrano, D.E. Watters, DCB4W, DOHC Holiday, DT29,Dalillama, DanMP5, Daniel Quinlan, Darksquril, Darkwind, Darry2385, DavidWBrooks, Delta Five, Deon Steyn, DerHexer, Dongtai, Dukester101, Ebaran, El C, Epbr123, Ewlyahoocom,Ferkelparade, Flame243, Fluzwup, Fuzheado, Gallaghertron, Garosuke, Geekish, Georgewilliamherbert, Get It, Gewhere, Gfhsidfjeragbhvgbhrgbklrhefghrtgbhkrrhgfbhsdfler, Gman992,Gmanuk2007, Gmcapt, GoldDragon, GregorB, Ground Zero, Gunmetal Angel, H20h0us391, Haham hanuka, Hans Moravec, Harald Hansen, Hayden120, Hunter2506, IZAK, Immblueversion,Ingsoc, Ix Caroll, J.delanoy, Janisterzaj, Jauerback, Jengod, Jetwave Dave, Jfdwolff, Jigsaw Jimmy, Jim Fitzgerald, Jmason7, Jogers, John Lunney, Jon513, Jordan Yang, Joshbaumgartner,Juliancolton, Jweinraub, K1ng l0v3, Kaaveh Ahangar, Karimarie, Kchishol1970, Keallu, Keilana, Kenshinflyer, Kent Witham, Kevin Forsyth, KhmerB40, Kikos, Kimbui vn, Kintetsubuffalo,Kittywinkle, KnowledgeOfSelf, Koalorka, Kt38138, Kubigula, Kuru, LWF, Lahiru k, Lanksta09, Levikleh, Liftarn, Lightmouse, Llort, Lonyo, Lt. Col. Cole, Lugnuts, Lumbercutter, Lupo,Macgyver-bd 896, Machete97, Mackeriv, Madcaptain-896, Madmajor-896, Marasama, Marbehtorah-marbehchaim, Martarius, MathKnight, Matthew wood, MatthewVanitas, Mav,Maximaximax, Mboverload, Merman, Metagraph, MiFeinberg, Mikadoo, Mike Searson, Missilelauncherexpert, Mushmush123, NHJG, Nabokov, NawlinWiki, Ndunruh, Neilbeach, Nemo5576,Niteowlneils, Not home, Nukes4Tots, Odin, Oliovkley, Ominae, OnBeyondZebrax, Parsecboy, Patrick, Pearle, Phoenix 17, Picasso-, Pimlottc, Plexipajzs, Postmortemjapan, Quadell, QueenCake,RJ CG, ROG5728, RadManCF, Radzewicz, RamirBorja, Ray Van De Walker, Recoloniser, Redneckwriter, Reenem, Rettetast, RexNL, Rich Farmbrough, Ricky81682, Riddley, Rl, RobNS,Roz666, Ryandhatch, S3000, Sagaciousuk, Schwern, Secleinteer, SecretService44, Shadow1, Shawnhath, Shenme, Sherm01, Shotgunlee, Shrumster, Shuki, Sindbad behzad, Skier Dude,SkonesMickLoud, Smguy, Sopranosmob781, Stantheman sylvie, Stephen Gilbert, Stephenb, Strikehold, Surv1v4l1st, Sydney.city.easts, Tar7arus, Technopat, The Ronin, The.Q, Thernlund,Thumperward, ThunderBird, Thunderbrand, Timc, To old, Tommyt, TonicBH, Tony360X, Tree climber, Trilobitealive, Tronno, Trouthunter, Tspiderman, Twinxor, Tzaquiel, Uber555,Ugotbplus, Unicyclopedia, Usmanb88, Uyuyij, Uziusman, Ve3, Vianello, Vlad, Vroman, Wdyoung, Werbwerb, Wewa92, Whaa?, WhisperToMe, WhyTanFox, Widders, William Avery, WingedBrick, Winky Bill, Wknight94, Wwoods, Xezbeth, Xs1, Yadayadayaday, Yamamoto Ichiro, Yellowmadness54, Ynhockey, Yoninah, Yuyudevil, ZH Evers, ZeiP, Zhenjiu, 610 anonymous edits
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Chile.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Chile.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: User:SKoppFile:Flag of Colombia.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Colombia.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: User:SKoppFile:Flag of Croatia.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Croatia.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: AnyFile, Argo Navis, Denelson83, Denniss, Dijxtra,Klemen Kocjancic, Kseferovic, Minestrone, Multichill, Neoneo13, Nightstallion, O, PatríciaR, Platonides, R-41, Rainman, Reisio, Rocket000, Suradnik13, Zicera, Zscout370, 5 anonymous editsFile:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anime Addict AA, AnonMoos, ChongDae, Denelson83, Drieskamp, Ed veg, Fry1989, Homo lupus, Klemen Kocjancic, LA2, Mattes, Moyogo, Nagy, Neq00, Nightstallion,ThomasPusch, Urhixidur, Vzb83, Zscout370, 5 anonymous editsFile:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Avala,Denelson83, Er Komandante, Frispar, Fry1989, Herbythyme, Homo lupus, Klemen Kocjancic, Mattes, Mschel, Neq00, Nightstallion, Rastrojo, Reisio, ThomasPusch, Wutsje, 49 anonymous editsFile:Flag of Ecuador.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Ecuador.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anime Addict AA, Artem Karimov, B1mbo,Denelson83, Editor at Large, Eleassar, EugeneZelenko, Fry1989, Fsopolonezcaro, Herbythyme, Homo lupus, Klemen Kocjancic, Lokal Profil, Ludger1961, M.C., Madden, Neq00, Night Ranger,Nightstallion, PAULOGARCIA2005, Reisio, Srtxg, Valentinian, Vonvon, Yonatanh, Zscout370, 33 anonymous editsFile:Flag of El Salvador.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg 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