Development of novel WGM microresonators for optical ...Fabrication and setup Melting SiO 2...

Development of novel WGM microresonators for optical frequency standards and biosensors and their characterization with a femtosecond optical

frequency combAchievements of the sixth quarter

31082018

About Project

Project title Development of novel WGM microresonators for optical frequency standards and biosensors and their characterization with a femtosecond optical frequency combProject number 111116A259Project aim to acquire new knowledge of know-how in design stabilizing and modeling of the WGM resonator and the detection of biomolecule using the resonator thus supporting the objectives of the Latvian Smart specialization scientific and technological development of human capital and the creation of new knowledge for economy to improve competitiveness

Project Manager J Alnis

Project Administrative Manager I Brice

The project is realized by UL IAPS Quantum optics laboratory

Main results planned for the project 4 publications 3 know-how descriptions 1 license agreement9 conference visits and 6 scientific visits are designatedProject period 01032017 - 30082019

Changes of Project Team

Haralds Baumanis after completing the bachelors degree he will study abroad

Andra Pirktiņa after completing the bachelors degree he will study abroad

B Phys Daina Damberga recruited in the project ZnO coatings

Dr Phys Uldis Bērziņš recruited in the project PMMA microspher WGMR

Employees

leading researchers J Alnis A Atvars R Viter

scientific assistant I Brice

laboratory assistants K Grundšteins A Pirktiņa DDamberga A A Ūbele H Baumanis

U Bērziņš

Project team group photo (April 2017)

Project Budget

Total project cost 648 25261 EUR including the ERDF (85) - 551 01472 EUR

AM1 (06032017) - 81 21500 EUR Until 31082017 declared 80 07630 EUR

AM2 (06062017) - 71 26625 EUR Until 13122017 declered 68 24441 EUR

AM3 (15112017) - 32 27074 EUR No extension was needed

Co-financing Y5-227840-015 (22012018) - 3 60600 EUR

Projekta budžetsTotal project cost 648 25261 EUR including the ERDF (85) - 551 01472 EURExpenditure MP1 ndash 33 10893 EUR

Expenditure MP2 ndash 46 96737 EUR

Expenditure MP3 ndash 50 21834 EUR approved 50 16834 EUR inappropriate 5000 EUR


Expenditure MP5 - 38 39216 EUR



ZnO Modelling01062018-31082018

Aigars Atvars Haralds Baumanis

Resonator D= 500 umZnO layer d= 200 nm

Modeling of resonators when coated with a ZnO layer

1) Q factor search if the resonator is axial-shaped

Without ZnO layer Q=72730 10^6

Without ZnO layer

With ZnO layer

Q=72730 10^6

Q=72867 10^6

D=500 m n_resonator=15 k_resonator=10^(-7) n_air=1

Lambda=760 nm ni=3944610^(14) (1s) 2pirn=LambdaN1

N1=31003 Round(N1)=3100

Q=7510^6 Q=7510^6

If k=0 Q ~10^18 If k=0 Q ~10^18

Mesh size (reson)=lambdan3


n(resonator)=15n(prism)=15n(ZnO)~21 from COMSOL built in materialr(resonator no ZnO)=2 micromd(ZnO layer)=25divide50 nm

ZnO layer with rough surface

If the surface becomes rough the Q factor will decrease

Experiment Organic glass (PMMA) microsphere WGMR Interferometric temperature sensors

The average diameter of the microspheres 85 microns Uldis Bērziņš ndash experiment and Daina Damberga ndash video processing with MATLAB

Observed when changing temperature httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=C_zfynInBQQ

A plasma low-pressure radiofrequency plasma chamber for cleaning resonator surfaces (silanization) was constructed for better coating adhesion

Purchased a small vibration machine motor with a compressed air bearing for polishing WGM resonators

Vibration amplitude only 50 nm Bought 201806 Further filters are required for cleaning compressed air from moisture and particulates

Postera prezentācija

Optical whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators keep the light wave circulating inside by the total internal reflection effect but a small portion of light (evanescent surface wave) exists also outside in direct proximity to the surface

WGM resonators significantly increase the effective path length of the light allowing to make sensors of single molecules attaching to the surface [1] We use silica microsphere resonators [2]

For biosensing applications it is necessary to functionalize the surface to facilitate attachment of molecules As the first layer we are coating the WGMR surface with ZnO and investigate the changes of optical Q factor

ZnO coating - Transparent and conformal coating - High refractive index - Controlled thickness - Not used before as a coating for WGM resonators - We deposited 5 10 20 50 and 100 nm layers

[1] F Vollmer S Arnold ldquoWhispering-gallery-mode biosensing label-free detection down to single moleculesrdquo Nature Methods 5 591ndash596 (2008)[2] I Brice A Pirktina A Ubele K Grundsteins A Atvars R Viter J Alnis ldquoDevelopment of optical WGM resonators for biosensorsrdquo Proc of SPIE 105920B-1 (2017)

Q = ωτ Q = ν0 ν

Introduction and Motivation

Resonator quality factor

Modeling WGM resonator with ZnO coating

ZnO thickness = 20 nm

Perturbance by ZnO layer

n(resonator) = 145n(prism) = 145n(ZnO) = 195r(resonator no ZnO) = 2 micromr(resonator with ZnO)=2 microm

Large diameter resonator D=500 μm 20 nm coatingm 20 nm coating

Tiny resonator D= 4 μm 20 nm coatingm

Fabrication and setupMelting SiO2 microsphere resonators from a telecom fiber Corning SMF-28 with an oxy-hydrogen torch or with a CO2 laser

spheres with diameters 300-500 μm are obtained We introduce light into the WGMR by prism coupling method m are obtained We introduce light into the WGMR by prism coupling method

For the excitation we use a tunable external cavity diode laser at 780 nm We achieve optical Q factors in the 108 range

Hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods

Nanorods significantly increase the surface

That is important for biosensors

Testing with a 532 nm laserstrong light scattering by nanorods

Not useful as optical WGM resonator

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ZnO nanolayers

SEM 50 nm ZnO layer

500 um diameter SiO2 microsphere

coated with 20 nm ZnO

Nice WGM resonances

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique allowed to cover resonators with smooth ZnO nanolayers of 5 10 20 50 and 100 nm thickness

It was observed that resonators covered with ZnO are not attracted by Van der Waals force to the surface of prism which is an advantage for fine tuning the optimal prism-resonator coupling distance

Measurements show that the sharpest resonances (in the region of 780 nm) are seen when the 20 nm ZnO nanolayer is used

Results and conclusions

Publicity - Bachelor Thesis


ANOTĀCIJAČukstošo galeriju modu (ČGM) rezonatori mūsdienās ir vieni no populārākajām un visvairāk pētītajām optiskajām ierīcēm jo ar to palīdzību tiek izveidotas ar vien jaunas kompaktas optiskās ierīces ar plašām pielietojuma iespējām Vēl joprojām nav iespējams kontrolēt rezonatoru izveides parametrus kausējot optisko šķiedru ar H2 + O2 liesmu jo nav iespējams noteikt liesmas vai rezonatora temperatūru kausēšanas laikā Bakalaura darbā tika apskatīta un pētīta iespēja izveidot bezkontakta temperatūras mērīšanas metodi izmantojot spektrometru dažādus sakarsētu ķermeņu avotus un dažādas kalibrācijas metodes Ar izstrādāto metodi tika veikts mēģinājums noteikt rezonatora temperatūru tā izgatavošanas procesā Diemžēl metodes trūkumu dēļ temperatūru nebija iespējams noteikt Bakalaura darbs sastāv no teorētiskās pārskata daļas un no eksperimentālās daļas kurā ir aprakstīta spektrometru kalibrācija dažādu sakarsētu ķermeņu spektru uzņemšana dažādas temperatūras aprēķināšanas metodes kā arī ietverti sasniegtie rezultāti


AnotācijaTika pētītas 1D ar ZnO pārklātas nanošķiedras ar dažādiem pārklājuma biezumiem 1D ZnO nanostruktūras fotoluminiscence tika mērīta no 77 K līdz istabas temperatūrai 1D ZnO aizliegtā zona tika pētīta ar optisko spektroskopijuVeiktsa emisijas spektra analīze un galveno parametru (ierosināšanas enerģijas temperatūras koeficienti utt) aprēķins Tika veikta korelācija starp optiskajām un uzbūves īpašībām

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About Project

Project title Development of novel WGM microresonators for optical frequency standards and biosensors and their characterization with a femtosecond optical frequency combProject number 111116A259Project aim to acquire new knowledge of know-how in design stabilizing and modeling of the WGM resonator and the detection of biomolecule using the resonator thus supporting the objectives of the Latvian Smart specialization scientific and technological development of human capital and the creation of new knowledge for economy to improve competitiveness

Project Manager J Alnis

Project Administrative Manager I Brice

The project is realized by UL IAPS Quantum optics laboratory

Main results planned for the project 4 publications 3 know-how descriptions 1 license agreement9 conference visits and 6 scientific visits are designatedProject period 01032017 - 30082019






Employees




U Bērziņš


Project Budget



















Without ZnO layer

With ZnO layer

Q=72730 10^6

Q=72867 10^6



N1=31003 Round(N1)=3100

Q=7510^6 Q=7510^6

If k=0 Q ~10^18 If k=0 Q ~10^18


















Q = ωτ Q = ν0 ν


















SEM 50 nm ZnO layer



Nice WGM resonances










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Slaids 27

Slaids 28






Employees




U Bērziņš


Project Budget



















Without ZnO layer

With ZnO layer

Q=72730 10^6

Q=72867 10^6



N1=31003 Round(N1)=3100

Q=7510^6 Q=7510^6

If k=0 Q ~10^18 If k=0 Q ~10^18


















Q = ωτ Q = ν0 ν


















SEM 50 nm ZnO layer



Nice WGM resonances










Slaids 1

Slaids 2

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Project Budget



















Without ZnO layer

With ZnO layer

Q=72730 10^6

Q=72867 10^6



N1=31003 Round(N1)=3100

Q=7510^6 Q=7510^6

If k=0 Q ~10^18 If k=0 Q ~10^18


















Q = ωτ Q = ν0 ν


















SEM 50 nm ZnO layer



Nice WGM resonances










Slaids 1

Slaids 2

Slaids 3

Slaids 4

Slaids 5

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Without ZnO layer

With ZnO layer

Q=72730 10^6

Q=72867 10^6



N1=31003 Round(N1)=3100

Q=7510^6 Q=7510^6

If k=0 Q ~10^18 If k=0 Q ~10^18


















Q = ωτ Q = ν0 ν


















SEM 50 nm ZnO layer



Nice WGM resonances










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N1=31003 Round(N1)=3100

Q=7510^6 Q=7510^6

If k=0 Q ~10^18 If k=0 Q ~10^18


















Q = ωτ Q = ν0 ν


















SEM 50 nm ZnO layer



Nice WGM resonances










Slaids 1

Slaids 2

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Q = ωτ Q = ν0 ν


















SEM 50 nm ZnO layer



Nice WGM resonances










Slaids 1

Slaids 2

Slaids 3

Slaids 4

Slaids 5

Slaids 6

Slaids 7

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SEM 50 nm ZnO layer



Nice WGM resonances










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Slaids 3

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Slaids 5

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Development of novel WGM microresonators for optical ...Fabrication and setup Melting SiO 2...

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