Development of Information Systems

“Design is a funny word. Some people think design means how it looks. But of course, if you dig deeper, it's really how it works.”

- Steve Jobs

The Nightmare

Status of IT projects

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1994 1996 1998 2000 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

Successful (%)Challenged (%)Failed (%)

Source: The Standish Group (1996-2013)

The Nightmare (Contd.)

Overruns

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

TimeCostFeatures

Source: The Standish Group (2013)

The Nightmare (Contd.)

Comparison between small vs Large projects

Source: The Standish Group (2013)

76%

20%

4%

SuccessfulChallengedFailed

10%

52%

38%

Large (more than $10M in labor content)

Small (less than $1M in labor content)

Why?

Uniqueness of Information Systems

Information system is similar to software, i.e. it is very different from other engineering products Abstractness Unpredictability Requirements Involvements of users Etc

Information System Projects are Different

How the customer explained it

How the project leader understood it

How the analyst designed it

How the programmer wrote

it

How the business consultant described it

How the project was documented

What operation was installed

How the customer was billed

How it was supported

How the customer really needed

Source: http://www.projectcartoon.com/

System D

evelopment Life Cycle

Information Systems Development

Source: Systems Development Life-Cycle Policy, U.S. House of Representatives (1999)

Project Definition

User Requirements Definition

System Requirements Definition

Analysis and Design

System Build/Prototype/Pilot

Implementation and Training

Sustainment

Proj

ect M

anag

emen

t

Planning &Organization

Acquisition &Implementation

Delivery &Support

Monitoring

Challenging Issues

Customers Technology Development process Budget Time Functions Quality Security Etc.

Factors of Success in Small Projects

Executives support User involvement Optimization Skilled resources Project management expertise Agile process Clear business objectives

Source: The Standish Group (2013)

Information System Project Development Game:

A Logistics and Supply Chain Version

Acknowledgement

This game is inspired by a workshop by Dr.Suradet Jitprapaikulsarn, Naresuan University

Background & Goal

You are to simulate an information system development project by building a “house”

The company with the highest fund at the end of the workshop wins

Instruction

Form 4 groups Name your company’s team and appoint each

member’s position Please note that the customer will only talk to the

project manager Each company starts with 5,000,000 Kaak Each company can take a maximum loan of

10,000,000 Kaak from the bank The interest rate is 10%

Expected Product

Suitable for an area of 20 cm x 20 cm Number of rooms, floors, decorations, etc are

based on user requirement The customer has a budget of 25,000,000

Kaak The customer will pay in a proportional

ratio of completed requirements

Equipments

All equipments are non-refundable Please return all equipments after the game finished

Equipments (ea.) Price (Kaak)

Corrugated Plastic Board (30 x 40 cm) 1,000,000

Scissor 500,000

Cutter 1,000,000

Chopsticks 500,000

Tape 500,000

Time Limitation

The project needs to be completed in 4 months

Each 20 minutes real-time represents 1 game-month

Caution

The customer does not have much knowledge about a house

Do not use game equipments to harm your colleagues, your teachers or yourselves

Summary of Information

The company with the most money at the end of the game wins

The customer only talks to the project manager

Financial Company budget 5,000,000 Kaak Maximum loan 10,000,000 Kaak Bank interest rate 10%

Target Build a house for 20 x 20 cm

vacant area The customer can afford

25,000,000 Kaak

Equipments Future board 1,000,000 Kaak Scissor 500,000 Kaak Cutter 1,000,000 Kaak Tape 500,000 Kaak Chopsticks 500,000 Kaak

Time limitation 4 months (80 minutes real-time)