Development of HVDC circuit breaker standards...HVDC circuit breakers 2011 - 2020 6 Concept...

© PROMOTioN – Progress on Meshed HVDC Offshore Transmission Networks

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 691714.

Development of HVDC circuit breaker standards

René Smeets PhD FIEEE

Nadew Belda MSc

KEMA Labs, the Netherlands



• HVDC breakers protect HVDC grids

• Standardization structure

• External stresses: simulation studies

• Internal stresses: experimental studies

• Test requirements

17-06-2020 2

PROMOTioN research work on HVDC breaker stresses @ KEMA labs



Switchgear in HVDC stations

3

CB

NBS

ERTS

MRTS

HSES

CD

BPD

BPD

CD

CD

CD

PLDSD

NBD

FD

FD

SPPD

LND

ELD

NBED

LND

SPPD

Electrode Line

HVDC Pole Line

to other valve groups {

PLES

FES (HV)

FES (NB)

NBES

PPES

ELD

ELD

ELD

Electrode Site

Valve-group

Substation

Valve-group

BPS

CES

CES

BPS

CES

CES

NBD

SD

LD

CB PLD HVDC Pole Line

PLES

LD

ELD

ELD

SES

SES

disconnectorsearthing switchestransfer switchesbypass switchescircuit-breakers

HVDC circuit

breaker

HVDC circuit

breaker

CIGRE TB683 2017

1120 kV DC by-pass switch816 kV DC transfer switch

320 kV DC GIS

ABB



Structure of standardization of HVDC switchgear

Ad Hoc Group 6

TC 17 Ad Hoc Group 60

62271-1 (common)

62271-100 (AC CB)

TC 115 63014-1 (LCC)

JWG A3/B4.34, TB 683

JWG B4/A3.80

JWG D1/B3.57

GB/T 38328, 2019

GB/T 25309/307/091

WP 5, 10, 11 WG 64 62271-313 circuit breakers

WG 66 62271-314 ES / DS

WG 65 62271-315 Transfer S/G

WG 63 62271-316 Bypass S/G

WG 6 62271-5 common specs

testing

basis

draft

defs

WG 42 62271-318 GIS

17

17C

TC

17A

17-06-2020


This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 691714. 55

meshed DC system

HVDC circuit breakers protect HVDC grids

UK NL

GE

DK

www.promotion-offshore.net

17-06-2020



HVDC circuit breakers 2011 - 2020

6

200 kV Zhoushan CN 2017 160 kV Nanao CN 2018Concept thyristor based FR 2014

350 kV SE (2020 test) 80 kV SE (2020 test) 525 kV JP 500 kV Zhangbei CN 2020 500 kV Zhangbei CN 2020

200 kV Zhoushan CN 2017Concept SE 2011 500 kV CN 2019 test

160 kV full-power test JP

Tested in PROMOTioN

17-06-2020



DC vs AC interruption

7

AC interruption:

Capture the swinging mass in its outer position

(current zero)

Zero kinetic energy – Max potential energy

DC interruption:

Oppose the motion of a linearly moving mass -

--> counter voltage

15 kA in 100 km line = 11 MJ

= 30 ton train at 100 km/h

17-06-2020



The critical stresses on HVDC circuit breakers

8

𝑈𝑠

steady

state

𝑑𝑖/𝑑𝑡

fault

current

current

zero

creation

𝑈𝑀𝑂𝑆𝐴

𝐼𝑝𝑘

fault current

suppressioninterruption

𝑈𝑠

CB open

fault current

rise

counter voltage overvoltage withstand DC voltage

withstand

Tests shall cover all stresses

𝐼𝑐𝑜𝑛

internal

commutation

energy absorption

17-06-2020



• Focus on (fault) current interruption capability

• Design of test-methods that can supply stresses during all stages of interruption

• Agreement among three manufacturers on a test-program

• Transfer test experiences to committees in CIGRE and IEC

Test requirement of HVDC circuit breakers

9

• Critical componentsMechanical switching devices and drivesPower electronic switching deviceEnergy absorption device

• Standard components applied to handle non-standard stresses

17-06-2020



Standard components used in a non-standard application

10

switching gaps and drives power electronic switches energy absorption device

17-06-2020



160 - 200 kV / 16 kA HVDC breaker under test

11

245 kV 63 kA

HVAC breaker

17-06-2020



320 kV / 20 kA HVDC breaker under test

1217-06-2020



Conclusions

13

WP 5, 10, 11 WG 64 62271-313 circuit breakers

• Set of requirements defined that covers all stages of current interruption

• This set is applied to testing of HVDC breakers up to 320 kV 20 kA

• Analysis made based on experiments on internal stresses on key components

• Lessons learned- transferred to CIGRE WGs on DC CB

HVDC WG finished early 2021- transferred to IEC MT on DC CB

draft standard end 2020

17-06-2020

COPYRIGHTPROMOTioN – Progress on Meshed HVDC Offshore Transmission Networks

MAIL [email protected] WEB www.promotion-offshore.net

The opinions in this presentation are those of the author and do not commit in any way the

European Commission

PROJECT COORDINATORDNV GL Netherlands B.V.

Utrechtseweg 310, 6812 AR Arnhem, The Netherlands

Tel +31 26 3 56 9111

Web www.dnvgl.com/energy

CONTACT

PARTNERSDNV GL Netherlands B.V., ABB AB, KU Leuven, KTH Royal Institute of Technology,

EirGrid plc, SuperGrid Institute, Deutsche WindGuard GmbH, Mitsubishi Electric

Europe B.V., Affärsverket Svenska kraftnät, Alstom Grid UK Ltd (Trading as GE Grid

Solutions), University of Aberdeen, Réseau de Transport d‘Électricité, Technische

Universiteit Delft, Equinor, TenneT TSO B.V., Stiftung OFFSHORE-WINDENERGIE,

Siemens AG, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische

Hochschule Aachen, Universitat Politècnica de València, SCiBreak AB,

Forschungsgemeinschaft für. Elektrische Anlagen und Stromwirtschaft e.V., Ørsted

Wind Power A/S, The Carbon Trust, Tractebel Engineering S.A., European

University Institute, S.A., European Association of the Electricity Transmission &

Distribution Equipment and Services Industry, University of Strathclyde, S.L.,

Prysmian, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, MHI Vestas Offshore Wind AS, Energinet,

Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission plc, SCiBreak AB

APPENDIX



DISCLAIMER & PARTNERS

14

[email protected]

17-06-2020

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.promotion-offshore.net/

http://www.dnvgl.com/energy

Development of HVDC circuit breaker standards...HVDC circuit breakers 2011 - 2020 6 Concept...

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