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UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT(Abstract)
B.A. Development Economics and B.A. Foreign Trade Programmes underChoice based Credit Semester System - Scheme and Syllabus implemented with effect from 2009 admission onwards approved Ordersissued.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL AND ACADEMIC BRANCH I B SECTION
No. GA I/B1/269/2009 Dated, Calicut University. P.O., 26.10.2009-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Read: 1. U.O.GA I/J2/3601/08(Vol.II) dated 19-06-2009.
2. Minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in Economics(UG) held on 19-08-2009 (Item No.1 and 2.).
O R D E R
The Rules and Regulations governing the UG Curriculam underChoice based Credit Semester System in the Colleges affiliated to theUniversity was implemented with effect from 2009 admission onwards videpaper read first above.
The Board of Studies in Economics (UG) at its meeting held on
19-08-2009 resolved to approve the syllabi of B.A. DevelopmentEconomics and B.A. Foreign Trade, vide paper read second above.
The Vice Chancellor after having considered the matter hasapproved the minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies inEconomics (UG) held on 19-08-2009 subject to ratification by theAcademic Council.
Orders are therefore, issued implementing the syllabus of B.A.Development Economics programme and B.A. Foreign TradeProgramme under Choice based Credit Semester System with effectfrom 2009 admission onwards subject to ratification by AcademicCouncil.
The Scheme and Syllabus are appended herewith.
Sd/-To DEPUTY REGISTRAR (G & A I )
The Principal, For REGISTRARof Arts & Science Colleges offering B.A.Development Economics and
Foreign Trade.Copy to:
Controller of Examination/Eg Sec/Ex Sec/DR & AR B.A. Branch/
System Administrtor with a request to upload the same in the Universitywebsite/GA I F Sec/SF/DF/FC.
Forwarded/By Order
Section Officer
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REVISED UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE
CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS IN DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMICS (REGULAR)
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
EFFECTIVE FROM 2009 2010 ADMISSION
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Towards a Revision of Curriculum and Syllabus of
Undergraduate DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS Programme
Every branch of knowledge is evolving over time. This is the result of mans quest for knowing
more about himself and his societal environment. Economics is no exception to this process ofevolution. A number of developments in the form of new theories and applications have already
taken place in economics during the past few decades with a view to understand the economy, itsactors their behavior and the consequent outcomes of their actions.
Generally, curriculum brings out the academic programmes educational philosophy, specific
objectives of learning and understanding of a discipline and implementation strategies as well asassessment and evaluation criteria. However, Syllabus traditionally represents the content of agiven Course and specifies how this content is graded and sequenced. Syllabus refers to content or
subject matter of a given discipline whereas Curriculum refers to the totality of the content to betaught and aims to be realised with in a given academic course period. Thus Curriculum subsumes
a Syllabus.
Curriculum and Syllabus of Economics should therefore follow the above line of thinking. Regularupdating of both Curriculum and Syllabus in Economics is unavoidable because the subject of
Economics has a rapid growth as compared to most of the other social sciences and also being a
discipline that touches day-to-day human lives in every society.
To quote UGC:
Renewing and updating of the curriculum is the essential ingredient of any vibrant university
academic system. There ought to be the dynamic curriculum with necessary additions and changesintroduced in it from time to time by the respective university with a prime objective to maintain
updated curriculum and also providing therein inputs to take care of fast paced development in the
knowledge of the subject concerned. Revising the curriculum should be a continuous process toprovide an updated education to the students at large.
To put it in a broad sense, higher education especially in the field of social science must aim at:
To train students to understand the society, economy and the world at large
To equip them with the right analytical skills to acquire a vision
To enjoy a life time learning.
It is necessary to repeat that the goal of higher education is two fold: Knowledge Creation and itsutilisation through activities that are useful to the learners as well as the society.
Coming to the curriculum of Economics, our objective is to impart
A knowledge of fundamental concepts and theoretical propositions
A methodology by which economic ideas are framed, tested and modified
An understanding of the institutions, social, political and economic. that influenceeconomic issues
An ability to present ones own analysis of the problems and issues in the language of anEconomist
Teaching of Economics lack relevance if they do not help in the understanding of the laws ofmotion of the economy and society where one lives.
The idea is to make the student at the undergraduate level understand correctly the basicconcepts and terms used in Economics and to give him an exposure to the way economicproblems and issues are to be looked at with out any bias.
For this, what is needed is a set of CORE courses and ELECTIVE courses. The core coursemay consist of two parts (a) Basic Concepts, terms and theories and (b) Application areas.
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The first will have Papers like MICROECONOMICS, MACROECONOMICS,MATHEMATICS FOR ECONOMICS. FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, PUBLICECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS etc
The elective courses will have, , GENDER ECONOMIC, ECONOMICS OF BUSINESSAND FINANCE, HEALTH ECONOMICS, etc to enable the students to get an exposure tothe application of what he is going to learn in CORE courses.
ELECTIVE Courses shall be short courses. A few of them are to be framed to suitECONOMICS students and others specially suited to non-Economics students.
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All elective courses should contain substantial active learning component to give depth to
the curriculum. This includes writing reports, oral presentations, and research projects. This will
reinforce the empirical skills students have acquired in the course on quantitative methods.
Finally, we suggest that students do a final research project that would complete the
process of intellectual maturation It will also provide further insight in the curriculum.
Suggested Courses:
We are offering 14 Core courses, Four complementary courses and two open courses with
three electives each. The course work/ project work / visit are to be handled by the Economicsfaculty in each college. All these are presented in Table 1.
Table 1 : Suggested Courses and Their Short Objectives
Course Code Course Code Course Objectives
I Semester
Common Course I EC1 A01
Common Course II EC1 A02
Common Course III EC1 A03
Detailed syllaby and objectives are to be
provided by the University
Seperately
Core Course IMicroeconomics -1
EC1 B01
Teaches the fundamentals of
microeconomics required for proper
understanding of other courses.
I Complementary IAgricultural Economics I
DEC1 C01
II Complementary I
Fundamentals of Foreign
Trade I
DEC1 C02
II Semester
Common Course IV EC2 A04
Common Course V EC2 A05
Common Course VI EC2 A06
Detailed syllaby and objectives are to be
provided by the University
Core Course IIMacroeconomics 1
EC2 A06
Teaches the fundamentals of
macroeconomics required for proper
understanding of other courses.
I Complementary IIAgricultural Economics- II
DEC2 B02.
II Complementary II Fundamentals of Foreign
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Trade II
DEC2 C04
III Semester
Common Course VII EC3 A07
Common Course VIII EC3 A08
Detailed syllaby and objectives are to be
provided by the University
Core Course III
Quantitative Methods for
Economic Analysis I
EC3 B03
Teaches mathematical tools required forthe study of undergraduate economics
Core Course IIIMicro Economics II
EC3 B04
Develops the tools for further economic
analysis.
I Complementary IIIPopulation Studies I
DEC3 C05
II Complementary III Regional Economics I
DEC3 C06
IV Semester
Common Course IX EC4 A09
Common Course X EC4 A10
Detailed syllaby and objectives are to be
provided by the University
Core Course V
Quantitative Methods for
Economic Analysis II
EC4 B05
Teaches Statistical tools required for the
study of undergraduate economics
Core Course VI
Macroeconomics II
EC4 B06
To develop the tools for further
economic analysis.
I Complementary IVPopulation Studies II
DEC4 C07
II Complementary IV Regional Economics II
DEC4 C08
V Semester
Core Course VII
Development Economics
DEC5 B07
Core Course VIIIMathematical Economics
DEC5 B08
Core Course IXEnvironmental Economics
DEC5 B09
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Core Course XComputer Application
EC5 B05
Gender Economics
EC5 D01
Introduces the fundamental principles
of gender awareness
Health Economics
EC5 D02
Teaches the fundamental aspects of
Health and its emerging issues.
Elective Course
(For Economic
Students)Economics of business and
Finance
EC5 D03
Introduces the students to the basics
of business, managerial and financial
economics .
Course / Project/Visit EC5 B15 (Pr.)Application of what is taught.( Group
activity)
VI Semester
Core Course XIBasic Econometrics
DEC6 B11
Introduces basic econometric that will be
applied in subsequent courses.
Core Course XIIPublic Finance
EC6 B12
Introduces the role of public /
governmental activities expenditure in
the functioning of an economy.
Core Course XIII
Indian Economy with
special reference to Kerala
Economy
DEC6 B13
Core Course XIVFinancial Economics
DEC6 B14
Basic Principles of
Economics
EC6 E01
Introduction to the fundamental
principles of Economics.
International trade and
Business
EC6 E02
Introduction to international trade
theories and practices.
Open Course I
(For Non-Economic
Students)
Banking
EC6 E03
Introduces the theory and practice of
banking
Project/Course/Visit EC6 B15 (Pr.)
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principles of economics. The first course covers the simple relations that are concerned with the economic
behavior of individual economic agents. This course is called microeconomics I. It will introduce the students
to the basic ideas and tools that will be utilized throughout in other courses of the degree programme.
b. Objectives :
This course is intended to provide students a basic idea in microeconomics and its methodology.
The main objective of this course is to equip students with the basic idea of economic analysis.
c. Learning Outcome :
With this course, students are expected to learn the simple relationships and ideas in the theory of
consumption, production, cost and revenue.
d. Syllabus
Module -1 Introduction to Social Sciences:
Relevance of Social Sciences in understanding and solving cotemporary problems at regional,
national and global levels
Module-II Introduction to Micro Economic Theory
Micro Economics and its scope. Wants & scarcity, Functions of Economic system, Circular flow
of economic activity price determination and functions of prices-concept of margin, Economicmodels, Methodology, Value judgement, Positive and normative analysis
Module-III: Basic demand supply analysis
Market analysis-market demand and market supply-market equilibrium-adjustment to changes in
demand and supply / static and dynamic analysis- comparative static analysis, Algebraic
explanation to market equilibrium, market demand and elasticity, Types of elasticity-price, income
& cross elasticity, measurement of elasticity, MR and price elasticity, Elasticity of supply.
Determinants of elasticity, uses of elasticity,
Module IV-Consumer Behaviour and Demand
Utility Analysis Total and Marginal Utility Cardinal & Ordinal Utility. Indifference Curves-
Characteristics, MRS-Special Types of Indifference Curves, Consumers Income-Price Constraints-
Budget Line-Changes in Income and Prices and Budget line, Consumers choice, Utility
Maximisation, The Changes in demand and Engels Curve, Changes in Price Substitution Effect
and Income Effect / Hicksian and slutskys Analysis Normal, Inferior and Giffen Goods,
(Application of Indifference Curve Analysis.) Revealed preference theory. Strong Ordering and
Weak Ordering. Fundamental Theorem of Consumption Theory, Derivation of Demand Curve
under Cardinal, Ordinal and Revealed Preference Theory .
Module V-Production/ Cost and RevenueProduction function AP and MP Production with one variable input, Production with two
variable inputs, Isoquants MRTS-elasticity of factor substitution. Isocline - Ridge Line, Returns
to Scale, . Cobb Douglas Production function. Cost of Production, Nature of Production, Costs,
Short run and Long run Costs, Isocost lines. Least cost input Combination, Expansion path,
Derivation of LAC and LMC, Introduction to Modern Cost Curves. Concepts of revenue AR,
MR, TR; Break even point.
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Reference
1 Dominick Salvatore : Microeconomics : Theory and Applications,:Oxford University
press, Newdelhi.
2 A. Koutsoyannis : Modern Microeconomics, - Mac millon
3 Hunt, Elgin, F (2008) Social Science and its methods in Social Science : An Introduction to
the Study of Society : Allen and Bacon
4 Abhijit Kundu (2009) : Methodology and Perspectives of Social Science Pearson
EducationAdditional Readings
1. Dominick Salvatore Microeconomic Theory Schaums Outline series : Tata Magrahill.
2. Lipsey R. and A Chrystal Economics (11th Edition) Oxford University Press New
Delhi.
Note: Case study analysis may be included while teaching various topics, wherever relevant. This
may be used for assignments and internal examinations only.
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Semester II :
Macroeconomics -I
a. Introduction:
The study of economics begins with the fundamental ideas of economic actions. The
second fundamental course i.e. macroeconomics. I offer the students a view on the economy as a
whole. This course will introduce the students to the basic ideas and tools that will be utilized
throughout in the other courses of the degree programme.
b. Objectives :
This course is intended to provide students with the basic ideas in classical and Keynesian
macroeconomics.
c. Learning Outcome :
With this course, students are expected to learn the relationships and ideas in the
measurement of national income, the .theory of income determination, fiscal and monetary policies,
the government and its role in the functioning of the economy, etc.
d. Syllabus
Module I: Why study Economics
A Methodological framework of studying Economics Its relevance and importants
Module 2: Macro Economic Concepts & Models
Micro Economics and Macro Economics - National Income concepts Potential GNP- Actual GNP - GDP Gap Green GNP
Macro - Economic Models Exogenous, Endogenous, ex-ante, ex-post, Nominal,
real, dependent and independent variables Identities and Equations.
Module 3: Classical Macro Economic Model
Says Law of Markets Wage Price Flexibility Classical Model of Output andEmployment Quantity Theory of Money Fishers Equation of Exchange CashBalance Approach Neutrality of Money Money illusion Pigou effect RealBalance effect Classical dichotomy Concept of full employment voluntary
unemployment.
Module 4: Keynesian Macro Economic Model
Consumption function Psychological Law of Consumption Determinants ofConsumption APC and MPC APS and MPS Paradox of thrift Income,
Consumption and Saving relationship Investment function determinants ofinvestment MEC, MEI and the role of Expectations Principle of Effective
Demand Underemployment equilibrium Wage. Price rigidity Determination ofIncome in two and three sectors (using Keynesian Cross diagrams and algebra)
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Module 5: Elementary IS LM Model (Two Sector only)
Definition & Derivation of IS and LM curves General Equilibrium using IS & LMcurves.
References:
1. Edward Shapiro Macro economics Oxford University press.
2. Gregory Mankiw Macro economics 6th Edn. Tata McGraw Hill.
3 Richard T. Frogmen Macro economics, Pearson education.
5 Eugene Diutio Macro economic Theory, Shaums Outline series. Tata McGraw Hill6 Errol DSouza Macro Economics Pearson Education 2008.
7 Abhijit Kundu (2009) : Methodology and Perspectives of Social Science Pearson
Education
8
Additional Readings
9 Dominick Salvatore :Microeconomic Theory Schaums Outline series : Tata Magrahill.
10 Lipsey R. and A Chrytal Economics (11th Edition) Oxford University Press Newdelhi.
Note: Case study analysis may be included while teaching various topics, wherever relevant.
This may be used for assignments and internal examinations only.
Semester III :
Quantitative Methods for Economic Analysis - 1
a. Introduction:
Economics is increasingly becoming quantitative in nature. Students of economics today need a
variety of quantitative skills. Mathematical skills have also become an essential element in thetoolkit for higher education.
b. Objectives
The students is to develop skills in mathematical techniques that are required for a meaningfulstudy of both theoretical and applied economics.
c. LearningOutcomeThis course in quantitative methods will cover the essential topics in mathematics. Needed
for Economic analysis.
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d. Syllabus
Module I- Algebra
Exponents and Logarithms - Arithmetic and Geometric Progression- Equations-Types and
solutions of Linear, Quadratic and Simultaneous Equations up to three unknowns. Set Theory-Types and Set Operations, Domain and Range of Set.
Module II- Basic Matrix Algebra
Matrices-Types, Matrix manipulations and their rules, Order of Matrix, Transpose of Matrix-Determinants up to order 3x3- Properties and Value of determinant, Minor and Cofactor, Inverse
and Cramers Rule.
Module III Functions and Graphs
Types of Functions- Rectangular Co-ordinate System and graphs of functions - Slope and Intercept
- Equations of straight lines.
Module IV Differential Calculus
Limits and Continuity- Differentiation- Rules, Derivative of Functions except Trigonometric
Function, Higher Order Derivatives, Partial and Total Derivatives in two variable functions-Maxima and Minima of Functions- Curvature Properties-Convexity and Concavity.
Module V- Financial Mathematics
Growth rate: Simple and Compound, Depreciation- Time Value of Money- Future and PresentValue, Compounding and Discounting, Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return.
(Mathematical proof of Theorems is not necessary.)
Reference:
1. Sydsaeter K and P. Hammond, Essential Mathematics for Economic Analysis, FinancialTimes- Prentice Hall, London, 2002.
2. Holden. K and A.W. Pearson, Introductory Mathematics for Economics and Business,Macmillan, 2002.
3. Barauh.S, Basic Mathematics and Its Application in Economics, Macmillan, 2002.4. Allen R.G.D, Mathematical Analysis for Economist, Macmillan, 1986.5. Dowling E.T, Mathematical Methods for Business and Economics, Schaums Outline Series,
McGraw Hill, 1993.
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Semester III
Microeconomics-II
a. Introduction :
This prt of the syllabus focuses on the particulars of the market- It attempts to explain how
a particular market functions;
b.Objectives :
It is designed to introduce undergraduate students to the fundamental concepts of themarkets and it strictures. The objective of the course is to apply principles of microeconomic
analysis to the day-to-day decision-making of firms and market .
c. Learning Outcome:
It is expected to develop skills in students in understanding the functioning of various type
of market. This crucial skill will certainly help students in understanding and solving economic
problems of the society, make policy .
d. Syllabus
Module 1: Market Structure Perfect Competition:
Price determination in the market period Short period and long period / Equilibrium of the
firm Efficiency implications of the firm.
Module 2: Imperfect Competition Monopoly:
Price and output under monopoly sources of monopoly Types of monopoly market
demand curve under monopoly short run and long run equilibrium of the monopolist (MC -MR approach) social cost of monopoly Degrees of price discrimination Equilibrium of
discriminating monopolist dumping regulation of monopoly A comparison of perfect
competition and monopoly.
Module 3: Monopolistic Competition:
Monopolistic competition price and output determination short run and long run -Product
differentiation selling cost non-price competition Chamberlines group equilibrium andthe concept of excess capacity.
Module 4: Oligopoly:
Features and types of oligopoly Kinked demand curve theory.
Module 5: : Factor pricing
Input pricing and employment under perfect competition profit maximization and optimal
employment demand curve of a firm for an input market demand curve for an input and itselasticity Supply curve of an input pricing and employment of an input.
Recommended Readings:
Dominick Salvatore : Microeconomics : Theory and Applications,:Oxford University press,
Newdelhi.
A. Koutsoyannis : Modern Microeconomics,
Additional Readings
Dominick Salvatore :Microeconomic Theory Schaums Outline series : Tata Magrahill.
Lipsey R. and A Chrytal Economics (11th Edition) Oxford University Press Newdelhi.
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Note: Case study analysis may be included while teaching various topics, wherever relevant. This
may be used for assignments and internal examinations only.
Semester IV
Quantitative Methods for Economic Analysis II
a. Introduction
Students of economics today need a variety of statistical skills to collect and analyse and
interpret empirical data. They also require these skills for advanced studies in empirical-oriented
fields Statistical skills have become an essential toolkit for most branches of economics.
b. ObjectivesThis course is intended to provide students an introduction to statistical methods and tools
that are used in the study of economics at undergraduate level. The aim of this course is to develop
skill in statistical techniques that are required for a meaningful study of applied economics and for
carrying out empirical research.
c. LearningOutcome
Students are expected to acquire statistical skills that are necessary for further study in most
branches of economics.
d. Syllabus
Module I. Meaning of Statistics and Description of Data
Definition, Scope and Limitations of Statistics-Frequency distribution- Representation of data by
Frequency polygon, Ogives and Pie Diagram. Measures of Central tendency- Arithmetic Mean,Median, Mode, Geometric Mean and Harmonic Mean-Weighted averages-Positional values-
Quartiles, Deciles and Percentiles-Business Averages-Quadratic Mean and Progressive Average-Measures of Dispersion: Absolute and Relative measures of Range, Quartile Deviation, Mean
Deviation and Standard Deviation- Lorenz Curve- Gini Coefficient- Skewness and Kurtosis.
Module II. Correlation and Regression Analysis
Correlation-Meaning, Types and Degrees of Correlation- Methods of Measuring Correlation-
Graphical Methods: Scatter Diagram and Correlation Graph; Algebraic Methods: Karl Pearsons
Coefficient of Correlation and Rank Correlation Coefficient - Properties and Interpretation ofCorrelation Coefficient-Simple linear regression-Meaning, Principle of Ordinary Least Squares and
Regression Lines.
Module III. Index Numbers and Time Series Analysis
Index Numbers: Meaning and Uses- Unweighted and Weighted Index Numbers: Laspeyres,
Paasches, Fishers, Dorbish-Bowley, Marshall-Edgeworth and Kelleys Methods- Tests of IndexNumbers: Time Reversal and Factor Reversal tests -Base Shifting, Splicing and Deflating- Special
Purpose Indices-Wholesale Price Index, Consumer Price Index and Stock Price Indices: BSE-SENSEX and NSE-NIFTY. Time Series Analysis-Components of Time Series, Measurement of
Trend by Moving Average and the Method of Least Squares.
Module IV. Vital Statistics
Vital Statistics: Meaning and Uses- Fertility Rates: Crude Birth Rate, General Fertility Rate,
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Specific Fertility Rate, Gross Reproduction Rate and Net Reproduction Rate - Mortality Rates:
Crude Death Rate, Specific Death Rate, Standardised Death Rate, Infant Mortality Rate andMaternal Mortality Rate-Sex Ratio and Couple Protection Ratio.
Proof of Theorems is not necessary ( Applicable to all modules)Reference:
1. Lind D.A., W.G. Marchal and S.A Wathen.,Statistical Techniques in Business andEconomics, Tata Mc Graw Hill, New Delhi.
2. Gupta S. P, Statistical Methods, Sultan Chand and Sons, New Delhi.
Semester IV
Macroeconomics-II
a. Introduction:
Policy makers all over the world use macroeconomic theories and related empirical results
to frame policies. Similarly, business firms, use these theories and results to formulate their
strategies. A sound understanding of macroeconomic principles and their applications is essential
for students of Economics.
b. Objectives:
The objective is to familiarise the students in the application of principles ofmacroeconomic analysis to the day-to-day decision-making in the aggregate economy.
c. Learning Outcome :
This course is expected to develop skill in economic reasoning, This vital skill is expected
to help them in understanding and solving aggregate economic problems.
d. Syllabus
Module 1: Theories of Money
Nature and Functions of Money - Types of Money: Near money, inside money and outside money.
1. Theories of Demand for money - Defining demand for money - Classical theory of demandfor money - Friedmans re-statement of Quantity Theory of Money - Liquidity Preferencetheory and Keynesian Liquidity Trap.
2. Theories of Supply of money: - Defining supply of money - Measuring supply of money -High powered money & money multiplier
Module 2: Theories of Inflation and Unemployment
Meaning, Types and Theories of Inflation. - Cost of inflation and sacrifice ratio. - Measurement of
Inflation in India - Meaning and types of unemployment. - Cost of unemployment and OakunsLaw - Measurement of unemployment in India. - Concept of Stagflation - Concept of Philips
Curve.
Module 3: Macro economic Instability and Policy:
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Business Cycle: meaning, types and phases. - Monitary, Fiscal, and income policy - Meaning and
Instruments.
Module 4: Open Economy Macro Economics:
a. Foreign trade multiplier - Four sector macro economic model Using IS-LM-Balance of
Payment Schedule
Reference:
1. Edward Shapiro Macro economic Analysis Oxford University press.
2.Gregory Mankiw Macro economics 6th
Edn. Tata McGraw Hill.
3.Richard T. Frogmen Macro economics, Pearson education.
4.Eugene Diutio Macro economic Theory, Shaums Outline series. Tata McGraw Hill
5.Errol DSouza Macro Economics Pearson Education 2008.
Course Title : DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSCourse Category : CORE COURSE -7Credits : 4Lecture Hours Per Week : 5Semester : V
Module 1 Introduction
Economic Growth and Development Defining Development and underdevelopment- -Measurement of development: Per Capita income (PCI) Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI),Human Development Index (HDI), Gender Related Development Index (GDI), GenderEmpowerment Measure (GEM), Human Poverty Index(HPI), Sens Capability Approach, Inequalityand Kuznets inverted U
Module II Problems of Development
Structure and Characteristics of developing nations - Obstacles to growth and development Vicious Circle of Poverty, Unemployment, inequality, gender, caste and community, problemsrelated to technology, manpower and resources, problems related to capital formation, foreigncapital and foreign aid - problems related to different sectors and their growth.
Module III Theories of development
Classical theories- Adam smith - Ricardo- Malthus, Marxs theory of economic development;Schumpeters theory, Harrod Domar Growth model Approaches to development- low incomeequilibrium trap - critical minimum effort-thesis - balanced and unbalanced growth, , big pushtheory, Rostows stages of Economic Growth , unlimited supply of labour,
Module IV Development Planning : Indian Experience
-Genesis of planning in India- Planning commission in India ; role and functions- goals andachievements of five year plans in India, Bombay Plan, Gandhian Plan- overview of current fiveyear Plan.
References
1. Mier, Gerald . M : Leading issues in Eco-development , OUP, Delhi
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2. Todaro Michael P : Economic development in the third world, orient Longman,Hyderabad
3. Ghatak , Subrata : Introduction to Developemtn Economics4. Arther Lewis, W : The Principle of economic Planning, George Allen and Unwin
(India) Pvt Ltd5. Sukumoy Chakravarthy: Development Planning: the Indian Experience- OUP6. Misra & Puri : Economics of Development & Planning(Theory and Practice7. Thirlwal AP : Growth and Development, Palgrave
Course Title : MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICSCourse Category : CORE COURSE -8
Credits : 4Lecture Hours Per Week : 5Semester : V
Module1. Introduction
Mathematical Economics: Meaning and Importance Mathematical Representations of EconomicModels-Economic Functions: Demand Functions, Supply function, Utility function, Consumptionfunction, Production function, Cost function, Revenue function, profit function, Saving function andinvestment function
Module 11. Marginal Concepts
Marginal Utility, Marginal Propensity to consume, Marginal propensity to save, Marginal product,Marginal cost, marginal revenue, marginal rate of substitution, Marginal rate of technicalsubstitutionRelationship between Average revenue and Marginal revenue- Relationship between Averagecost and Marginal cost Elasticity: Demand elasticity , Supply Elasticity, Price Elasticity, IncomeElasticity, Cross Elasticity Engel function
Module III Constraint Optimisation and Productionfunction
Constraint Optimization Methods: Substitution and Lagrange Methods Economic applications,Utility maximization, Cost minimization, Profit maximization. Production Functions: Linear,Homogeneous, and Fixed Production Functions Cobb Douglas production function
Module 1V Linear Programming
Concept Formulation of LPP Solution of LPP, Graphical methods, Simplex method Duality economic interpretation of dual application and limitation of Linear Programming
Module V Market Equilibrium
Market Equilibrium: Perfect Competition Monopoly Discriminating Monopoly
References:
1. Chiang A.C and K. Wainwrtight, Fundamental methods of Mathematical Economics,4th
Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 20052. Dowling E.T, Introduction to Mathematical Economics, 2
ndedition, Schaum Series,
Mcgraw-Hill, New York, 20033. R.G.D Allen, Mathematical Economics4. Mehta and Madnani Mathematics for Economics
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Semester V
a. Introduction :
Information technology has revolutionised the way we live and work. Economics is relatively more
quantitative in nature than many other social sciences. Thus computer application has assumed
utmost significance in Economics. Many of the large models in macroeconomics such as input-
output models, national income estimation models, etc., require applications of computer
programmes. Similarly, Computer application will facilitate in-depth studies in other branches of
Economics.
b. Objectives :
This course will provide the students with a skill that is .that is useful both in job market and in
academia.
c. Learning Outcome:
It is expected to provide the students with those computing skills that are, necessary for success.
This course will arm the students with the knowledge of fundamentals of computers
d. Syllabus
Module 1. Philosophical foundations of Computing
Software - Philosophy of open source software social computing Operatingsystems
Module 2. Creation and Manipulation of Documents
Word processor basics. New blank document and toolbars. Manipulation of the first
document. Editing the document. Designing and redesigning the document. Working
with graphs, pictures and video in documents. Records and mail merge.
Module 3: Data Analysis
Spreadsheet basics. Excel environment. Insertion of rows and columns. Entering
data. Excel toolbars. Creation and manipulation of charts and graphs. Manipulationof data. Mathematical and statistical calculations. Excel functions. Changing the
layout. Applications in economics using simple examples.
Module 4: Database Management
Introduction to database. Defining database. Meaning and functions of database
management system. Creation and manipulation of tables. Updating tables. Workingwith forms. Handling queries. Generating reports. Applications in economics using
simple examples.
Module 5: Preparation of Presentations
Introduction to PowerPoint. Starting PowerPoint. AutoContent Wizard. Working
with texts, graphs, pictures, audio and video in slides. Design templates. Addingtransition effects to slides. Adding animation in slides. Previewing the contents.
Module 6: The Internet and E-Commerce
Meaning and scope of the Internet. Creating, sending and receiving e-mails. Browsing the
WWW.Downloading from and uploading to the Internet. Online shopping and e-business/e-commerce., E-market. (Concepts)
Note: 25 marks for this paper are from internal examination. Internal marks should be
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awarded based on practical examinations. Expected practical sessions for teaching: 20 hours.
Reference1. Vikas Guptha Comdex Computer Course Kit Dream Teck Press2. Sharma D - Fountations of IT- Excel books.
Course Title : BASIC ECONOMETRICS
Course Category : CORE COURSE -11Credits : 4
Lecture Hours Per Week : 5Semester : VI
MODULE 1 Introduction
Definition and scope of econometrics. The Methodology of econometrics Specification andestimation of an econometric model. - Types of data : Time series, Cross section and panel data -Basic concepts of estimation: Desirable properties of estimators
MODULE II Simple Regression Analysis and Theoretical Distribution
Statistical vs deterministic relationships: Correlation and regression: Coefficient of
determination: Estimation of an equation Testing of hypothesis Standard errors: tests based onZ, t and
2(Chi Square statistics
MODULE III Estimation Theory
Ordinary least squares (OLS) method assumptions: Guass-Markov theorem Testing ofregression coefficient. Problems in OLS estimation. Problems of heteroscedasticity: Autocorrelation(first order), Multicollinearity test and remedies
MODULE IV Application of Econometric Methods
Estimation of demand and supply functions Production and cost functions Consumptionfunction and investment function
References:
1. Damodar N Gujarati, Basic Econometrics, McGraw-Hill, New York2. Koutsoyiannis; Econometrics3. Intrilligator, M D (1980) Econometric Models and Techniques, Prentice Hall India
Course Title : Public Finance
Course Category : CORE COURSE -12Credits : 4Lecture Hours Per Week : 5
Semester : VI
a. Introduction :
Public finance or fiscal economics deals with the fisc of the country. It is related to
decision making in the public sector or finance of the governmental agencies. A training in public
finance will help students in decision making and in higher studies.
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b. Objectives :
The basic aim of this course is to introduce students to the application of the techniques,
methods and principles of Economics to decision making in public finance.
c. Learning Outcome :
The students are expected to learn how the principles of economics can be applied to sound
decision making in public finance. They are expected to learn all the important economic issues
that government agents face.
d. Syllabus
Module I Meaning and Scope of Public finance
Public finance Meaning and Scope Public and Private Finance
Principles of Maximum Social Advantage Public Goods, Private Goods,
Mixed Goods and Merit Goods (Concept only)
Module II Public Expenditure
Meaning and Importance Reasons for the Growth of Public Expenditure
Wagners Hypothesis, Peacock - Wiseman Hypothesis, Canons of Public
Expenditure Effects of Public Expenditure.
Module III Public Revenue
Sources of public revenue Taxes -Classification of Taxes - Canons of
Taxation, Principles of Taxation. Ability, Benefit and cost of service-
Impact, Incidence and shifting of Tax Burden Effects of Taxation
Major Taxes in India. Value Added Tax in India , The concept of goods
and service tax (GST)
Module IV Public Debt and Budget
Public Debt : Meaning, Types of Public Debt, Debt Redemption.
Budget
Meaning, Types of Budget: Revenue and Capital Budget, Revenue
Expenditure and capital expenditure, Revenue Deficit, Fiscal Deficit,
Primary Deficit - Budget Deficit Fiscal Policy Contra Cyclical Fiscal
Policy Deficit financing - Preparation of Budget in India (Introduce the
latest Central and State Budgets to the students.)
Module V Federal Finance
Meaning Principles of Federalism Finance Commission (Finance
Commission Report Latest) - Importance of Local finance in India
References
(1) R.A Musgrave and PB Musgrave Public finance Tata Macgrail
(2) Govinda Rao and Singh - Political Economy of Federalism in India Oxford.
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7. Various Issues of Economic Review, Census Report, Statistics for Planning, EconomicSurvey
8. Rajan K (2009)(ed) Kerala Economy: Trends during the post Reform period SerialPublications
Course Title : FINANCIAL ECONOMICS
Course Category : CORE COURSE -14Credits : 4Lecture Hours Per Week : 5Semester : VI
Module I
Financial system: Role and Functions of the financial system in an economy Financial marketsand instruments financial instruments structure of Indian Financial system
Module II
Money Market Features and instruments Commercial Banking System in India Bankingsector reforms, call money market, CBLO market.
Module III
Role of Capital Market in an economy Capital market in India evolution and growth -Primary,
Secondary ,Capital Market reforms in India - Stock Exchanges: functions Structure of stockexchanges- BSE, NSE
Module , IV
Non-banking financial Institutions in India; nature , role and functions Classification of NBFCs mutual funds , insurance Companies, Venture capital funds, merchant banks, Asset ReconstructionCompanies
Module V
Regulatory institutions RBI role and functions . the Securities and Exchange Board of India objectives function _ SEBI guidelines for primary and secondary market Role of IRDA andPFRDA
References1. Bhole L.M; Financial Institutions and markets, Tata McGraw Hill2. Kohn , Meir: Financial Institutions and markets, Tata McGraw Hill3. Desai, Vasantha: Indian Financial System, Himalaya Publishing House4. Pathak , V.Bharathi: Indian Financial System, Pearson education5. Khan M Y: Indian Financial System, Tata McGraw Hill
.
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(Semester V)
Elective Courses To Economics Students
I. Gender Economics
Module I - Introduction
Definition of Gender- Gender and sex - Gender Equity and Gender Equality-Gender Development-Human Development Index and Gender Development index-Gender Disparity Index-Gender
Empowerment Measure- Gender Status in India and Kerala -Sex Ratio-Concept of Missing
Women.
Module II - Gender Discrimination in India and Kerala
Gender Discrimination in Labour Force Participation- Occupational Segregation and WageDifferences- Gender Discrimination in Education, Health, Employment, Political Participation and
Decision Making.
Module III - Gender Budgeting
Gender awareness in planning- Invisibility of Womens Work in Budgeting- How to Adjust our
Budgeting Policies to Reduce Gender Disparities.
Module IV - Gender Issues in Contemporary World
Women and Globalisation- Social and Economic Empowerment of Women- Technology and
Gender:, for example Internet and Blogs.
Reference:
1. Gita Sen and Canen Crown; Gender and Class in Development Experience
2. Leela Gulati and Ramalingam; Kerala Women: A profile3.Neera Desai and Maithreyi Krishnaraj; Health-A Gender Issue in India
4. Lourdes Beneria and Savithri Biswanath; Gender and Development: Theoretical, Empirical andpractical Approaches
5. Lekha Chakraborthi; Invisibility of Womens Work in Budgeting.6. National Institute of public Finance and policy (NIPFP); Gender Budgeting in India,www.nipfp.org.in.
7. UNDP - Human Development Reports
II. Health Economics
Module 1: Introduction to Health Economics:
Defining Health Economics. Importance of Health Economics Essential Features.
Concepts: Health, Health Care, Birth rate, Fertility rate, Death rate, IMR, CMR, MMR,Morbidity rate (Acute and Chronic), Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY), Quality
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Adjusted Life Year (QUALY), Sex Ratio.
Module 2: Demand and Supply of Health Care:
Demand for Health Care Case of Health Care Accessibility Socio Economic andCultural Features, Determining Health Status Supply of Health, Health Care Delivery
System Pricing of Health Care.
Module 3: Health Financing & Policy::
Health Expenditure Public & Private Direct and Indirect Health Insurance Concept
of User Cost Health Policy of WHO, National Health Policy NRHM, Health as a State
Subject.
Module 4: Health Statistics in India and Kerala:
Infrastructure and Health Status of India & Kerala using informations from NSSO, NFHS,
CRS and SRS.
References :
1) V. Ramankutty A Premier of Health System Economics (2007) Allied publicationsNew Delhi
2. Kannan KP,et.al... (1991) Health Development in Rural Kerala
(KSSP, Thiruvanthapuram.)..
3. Henderson JW - Health Economics and Policy Thomson learning.
III. Economics of Business and Finance
Module 1: Introduction:
asic concept of Business Economics, Financial Economics and Managerial Economics.
Module II: nvestments
meaning,ature and importance. Considerations in Investment decision andinvestment process Investment alternatives Capital Budgeting Introductionand methods
Module III Organising Financial asset various financial assets and securities.
Introduction to Balance Sheets Evaluation of Balance Sheets Break evenAnalysis Linear and non-linear time value money
Future Value and Compounding present value of discounting.
Module IV Introduction to Demand Estimation, Demand forecasting Production Function
and its importance Cost estimation,Cost functions Economics of Scale, Cost cutsand estimation Cartal ,price leadership, price discrimination, pricing strategies.
References:
1. Kettell, Brian Financial Economics Making sense of Market information, FinancialTime, Prentice Hall, London 2001.
2. Nellis J., and D. Parker Principles of Business Economics 2nd Edition PearsonEducation, London.
3. Griffith A. and S. Wall = Economics for Business and Management PearsonEducation, London (2004)
4. Keat P.G. and P.K.Y. Young Managerial Economics Tools for Todays Decisionmatters Pearson Education New Delhi 2006.
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(Semester VI)
Open Course for Non-Economic Students
I Basic principles of Economics
Module 1: Economic Issues, Concepts and the Methods of Economics
Issues and concepts Why study economics? Meaning of microeconomics andnature of modern economy. Resource scarcity, choice, opportunity cost and theproduction-possibility curves, Central Problems of an economy.
Module 2: Demand, Supply, Price Determination, Elasticities, and Consumer Behavior
Demand nature, demand function, demand schedule, demand curve, shifts indemand curve, Supply supply function, supply curve, shifts in supply curve, market
equilibrium. Price determination and imbalances. Elasticity of demand priceelasticity (meaning and measurement). Elasticity of supply meaning and
measurement. Consumer behavior utility, marginal and total utility, diminishingmarginal utility, and utility maximizing rule.
Module 3: Theory of Production, Costs and Market Structures
Production and costs production and production function, costs and profits, profit-
maximizing output, law of diminishing returns, short-run cost curves and their
relationships, profit maximization, and cost minimization. Market structure Features of perfect competition and monopoly oligopoly monopolistic
competition.
Module 4: Macro economics and the Measurement of National Income:
Macroeconomics meaning and major macroeconomic issues. Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) meaning and types, and income and expenditure measures of GDP,
and interpretation of measures. Circular flow of income and expenditure.
Module 5: Income Determination, Inflation, Unemployment, and Fiscal and Monetary
Policies
Classical theory postulates, Says law, and classical theory, consumption function,saving function, GDP, changes in GDP, income or investment multiplier. Inflation
meaning, measures, types, effects and theories. Fiscal and monetary policies:
meaning, instruments, and effects on distribution, growth, stability and production.Financial crisis.
Reference5. Anintya Sen - Micro Economics Oxford6. Saumyan Sikdar Principals of Macro Economics. - Oxford
II. International Trade and Finance
Module 1: Introduction to International Trade
Importance of International Trade - Inter-dependence among countries - The concept of Tradeas an engine of Growth
Module 2: Basic Theories of International Trade
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Absolute advantage - Comparative advantage Hcksher Ohlin rguments for and against free
trade
Module 3: Foreign Exchange and Balance of Payment
Components of foreign exchange - Exchange rate determination (mention floating and fixed
exchange rate; specify mint parity, PPP and supply and demand) - Devaluation, revaluation,appreciation and depreciation of currency. BOP and BOT - Disequilibrium in BOP - Full and
partial Convertibility
Module 4: International Finance
IMF, World Bank, ADB, WTO, International Financial Flow: FDI, FII, Portfolio.
References:
1.Dominick Salvatore International Economics, McMillan.
2.Bo Soderstien and Geoffrey Reed - International Economics.
3.Francis Cherunilam - International Economics.
4.Mannur, H.G. - International Economics.
5.R.B.I. Bulletin, Various issues.
III. Banking
Module 1:
Banks, Evolution and Economic Importance, Growth of Banking in India.
Module 2:
Commercial Banking - Branch Banking Vs Unit Banking, Group Banking, Chain
Banking, Mixed Banking, Clearance Banks, Balance sheet, Rules of Management of funds,
Assets, Liabilities, Financial Intermediaries, Bank Failures, Deposit Insurances, MerchantBanking - Nationalization of Banks in India : An overview of Changes after
Nationalisation.
Module 3:
Negotiable Instruments, Cheques, Bills, Treasury bills, Acceptance Houses, Discounts,
Money Market, Peculiarities of Indian Money Market; Deposits; Borrowings; Primary andSecondary sources, Loans, Practices in Lending, Credit creation, Limitations.
Module 4:
Accounts: Joint accounts, Partnership, Company guarantees, Individual Surety, Joint andSeveral Guarantee, Security, Exchange Securities, Life Policies, Payment and Collections
of Cheques, Dishonouring, Negotiability, Crossing and Account payee.
Module 5:
Central Banking: Evolution Functions- Reserve Bank of India. - Development Banking inIndia . emerging trends in capital market.
Reference :
1. R.S. Sayers, Modern Banking. Macmillon2. M.D. Decock, Central Banking.3. S.K. Basu, Banking in India.
4. Milnes Holdern, Studies in Practical Banking.
5. I.C. Dhingra, Indian Economy. - Sulthan chand and sons
Complementary Courses
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Course Title : AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS1
Course Category : COMPLEMENTARY COURSE -1Credits : 2Lecture Hours Per Week : 3Semester :1
Module I Role of Agriculture in a growing Economy
Agriculture in a growing economy : Product contribution, Market contribution ,
Factor contribution, Foreign exchange contribution - Interdependence between
agriculture and Industry
Role of Agriculture in India - Challenges before Indian Agriculture
Module II Economics of Agricultural Production
Agriculture firm as a production unit Production Function - Traditional ProductionFunction: Law of variable proportions and Returns to Scale Modern productionFunction: Isoquant Approach - cost concepts and concept of farm budgeting
Module III Agriculture Marketing , Credit and Agricultural Prices
Marketed and marketable surplus Role of marketable surplus in economic Development Factors affecting marketable surplus Demand and Supply of Agricultural Products regulated markets cooperative markets - Credit : Non-institutional Sources -Institutional sources - Fluctuation in Agricultural Prices stabilization and support prices
References:1. Karl Eicher and Lawrence W . H. : Agriculture in Economic Development2. Uma, Kapila(2008) : Indian economy3. G. S Bhalla : Indian agriculture since independence (2008), NBT, New Delhi4. Mamoria C. B: Agricultural problems of India5. Ishwar C Dhingra: The Indian Economy
6. Sadhu and Singh: fundamentals of Agricultural Economics7. R. L Cohen : Economics of Agriculture
Harold J Halcrow : Economics of Agriculture
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Course Title : FUNDAMENTALS OF FOREIGN TRADE 1Course Category : COMPLEMENTARY COURSE -1ICredits : 2Lecture Hours Per Week : 3Semester :1
Module I Introduction
Nature and importance of foreign trade features of foreign trade Difference between internaland international trade Advantages and disadvantages of Foreign Trade Foreign trade andeconomic development
Module II Theories of Foreign Trade
Concept of Offer Curve - Classical theory - Adam Smith , Ricardo, Modern Theory Heckscher Ohlin theorem , Leontiff paradox ,Lerners factor price equalization, terms of trade and gains fromtrade, Immiserisation
Module III Foreign Exchange
Defining foreign exchange and exchange rate Components of foreign exchange reserve different systems of exchange rate determination: gold standard (Mint Parity), PPP, Floatingexchange rate , Fixed and Flexible exchange rate -Demand and Supply of foreign exchange -Devaluation, revaluation , depreciation and appreciation
References:
1. Salvatore , Dominick, International Economics Weily India , New Delhi2. C. P Kindle Berger International Economics3. Bo Soderstein and Geoffrey Reed International economics Macmilon4. Harry G Johnson International Trade and Economic Growth5. Francis Cherunilam International Economics6. Errol DSouza,Macro economics, Person education 2008 (for BOP in India)7. Misra and Puri; Indian Economy, Himalaya Publications8. RBI bulletin, Various issues
Semester I
Essentials of Economics Micro
Module I: Introduction to EconomicsWhat Economics is about? Importance of the study of economics, relation with
other social sciences (History, Political Science, Law, Psychology, Sociology). Basic Problems.
Micro versus Macro
Module II: Theory of Demand
Utility, utility function, marginal utility, law of diminishing marginal utility,
demand, law of demand. Elasticity of demand and its types.
Module III: Theory of Supply
Cost, cost function, opportunity cost, variable cost, fixed cost, total cost, marginal
cost, average cost, supply, supply function, supply curve, Elasticity of supply and its types.
Equilibrium price, market and its classification
Module IV: Theory of Production
Production function, types of production function (short run and long run),
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economies of scale
Reference
1. Dominick Salvatore Microeconomic Theory, Schuams Outline Series
Course Title : AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
11Course Category : COMPLEMENTARY COURSE -1Credits : 2Lecture Hours Per Week : 3Semester :II
Module I Institutional and technological Changes inIndian agriculture
Land Reforms ; New Agricultural Strategy - Green Revolution
Features of new Strategy, impact of new agricultural strategy-
achievement and weaknesses of new strategy Institutional change
land reforms- objective Progress - Impact of land reforms
cause of poor performance of land reforms
Module II Indian Agriculture under Five Year Plans
Progress of Agriculture since 1951 Role of agriculture in our Five Year Plans
Objectives of Planning for Agricultural sector pattern of investment in agricultural
sector New Economic Policy and Agriculture WTO and Indian Agriculture -
Agriculture and Current Five Year Plan, Recent trends and latest agriculture
scenario
Module I1I Role and range of Agriculture Marketing , Credit ,Insurance Schemes andAgricultural Prices in India
Credit : Non-institutional Sources - Institutional sources; Commercial Banks, Co-operativeBanks, Regional Rural Banks and Co-operative Banks NABARD and Agriculturaldevelopment
Insurance Schemes : National agricultural insurance scheme(NAIS) , Krishi
Sharamik Suraksha Yojana, Farm Income Insurance Scheme, Varsa Bima (Rainfall
Insurance scheme) - Agricultural Price Policy Objective of price policy Instruments of price Policy: Minimum support prices, Procurement prices, issue
prices, Buffer stock operations Food security and public distribution system
Structure, Role and functioning of PDS, Features, Objectives and Problems of
Public Distribution System
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References:1. Karl Eicher and Lawrence W . H. : Agriculture in Economic Development2. Uma, Kapila(2008) : Indian economy3. G. S Bhalla : Indian agriculture since independence (2008), NBT, New Delhi4. Mamoria C. B: Agricultural problems of India5. Ishwar C Dhingra: The Indian Economy6. Sadhu and Singh: fundamentals of Agricultural Economics7. R. L Cohen : Economics of Agriculture8. Harold J Halcrow : Economics of Agriculture
Course Title : FUNDAMENTALS OFFOREIGN TRADE 11
Course Category : COMPLEMENTARY COURSE -1ICredits : 2Lecture Hours Per Week : 3Semester :II
Module I Balance of Payment
Defining Balance of Trade and Balance of Payment Equilibrium and disequilibrium in BOP Measures to correct BOP disequilibrium BOP in India
Module I Indias Foreign Trade
Trends and composition of Indias Imports trends and direction of Indias Exports EXIM policy ofIndia in relation to trade liberalization and its impacts New Foreign Trade Policy -PolicyPackages Since July 1991: Foreign trade, exchange rate and foreign capital- Devaluation ofrupee and exchange rate reforms: LERMS, UERS concepts of convertible currency; currentaccount convertibility and capital account convertibility concepts of Foreign Direct investment,Foreign Institutional Investment and Foreign Portfolio Investment
Module III International Monetary Institutions
Brettonwood Conference: IMF, World Bank - Asian Development Bank, IDA their structure andfunctions - Economic integration EU,NAFTA, ASEAN, SAARC, WTO
References:
1. Salvatore , Dominick, International Economics Weily India , New Delhi2. C. P Kindle Berger International Economics3. Bo Soderstein and Geoffrey Reed International economics Macmilon4. Harry G Johnson International Trade and Economic Growth5. Francis Cherunilam International Economics6. Errol DSouza,Macro economics, Person education 2008 (for BOP in India)
7. Misra and Puri; Indian Economy, Himalaya Publications8. RBI bulletin, Various issues
Semester II
Essentials of Economics Macro
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Module I: National Income Concepts and Meaning
GDP and GNP, NDP and NNP. GDP at factor cost and market price, GNP at
market price and factor cost, NDP at market price and factor cost, NNP at market price and factor
cost. Personal Income, disposable income, per-capita income. Importance of the estimation of
national income, difficulties in estimation of national income.
Module II: Major Classical Postulates
Says Law of Market, Full employment, wage-price flexibility, leissez-faire
Module III: Major Keynesian Concepts
Effective demand, consumption, savings, under-employment equilibrium, wage-
price rigidity
Reference
1. Diwedi DN Macroeconomics Theory and Policy Tata Magragel
Course Title : POPULATION STUDIES 1
Course Category : COMPLEMENTARY COURSE -1Credits : 2Lecture Hours Per Week : 3Semester :III
MODULE I Introduction
Concept of Population, Demography , Human capital, Human resource , Human resourcedevelopment, Labour , Population Data : Census and vital statistics - Population study : Meaning ,nature , scope , objectives and importance Relation of population studies with other sciences
MODULE II Theories of population
Malthusian Theory of Population Optimum Theory of Population Theory of demographictransition different stages components of Population Growth and their interdependence
MODULE III Measures and Quality of Population
The concept of Quality of Population factors affecting Quality of population
Measures of Crude Birth Rate General fertility Rate _ Total Fertility Rate
Reproduction Rate and Net Reproduction Rate- Crude Death Rate Infant
Mortality - Life expectancy
References:
1. Agarwal S N (1972) , India,s Population Problem, Tata McGraw-Hill, CoBombay
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2. Bose A (1996) Indias Basic Demographic statistics , B A PublishingCorporation, New Delhi
3. Bouge D J (1971) Principle of Demography, John Wiley, New York4. Chenery H and T n Srinivasan (eds)(1989), hand Book of Development
Economics, Vol.1&2 Elsvier, Amsterdam,et.
5. Choubey p K (2000), population Policy in India, Kanishka Publications NewDelhi
6. Coale A J and L M Hoover (1958) Population Growth and EconomicDevelopment in Low income countries: A case study of Indias Prospects
Princeton university Press, Princeton7. Gulati S C (1998) Fertility in India: An Econometric study of metropolis of
sage, New Delhi
8. Srinivasan K (1998)Basin Demographic Techniques and application Sage,New Delhi
9. Srinivasan k and a Shariff (1998), India; Towards Population andDemographic Goals, OUP
10.John R Population: An introduction to concepts and issues 8 th edition
course Title : REGIONAL ECONOMICS 1Course Category : COMPLEMENTARY COURSE -2Credits : 2Lecture Hours Per Week : 3Semester :III
MODULE I IntroductionDefinition of Regional Economics and region Different types of regions regional income,Problems of estimation; Indicators of regional development
MODULE II Regional growth and Techniques of regional analysis
Spatial Price Theory- Price equilibrium in geographically separated and interlinked markets; SpatialMacro economics- Inter Regional Income Models- Cumulative Causation Models- Center PeripheryModel; Growth Pole Analysis, Convergence and Divergence of disparities in per capita regionalincome, Techniques of Regional Analysis: Regional and Inter Regional input-output analysis;Attraction model; Gravity model; shift-share Analysis; Impact studies
Reference1. Hover E M , An Introduction to Regional Economics, Alfred p knopf, New York (1974)2. Chand, M and V K Puri; Regional Planning in India, Allied Publishers, New Delhi3. Isard W, Methods of Regional Analysis:MIT Press Cambridge, Mass (1960)4. Nair, K R G regional experience in a Developing Economy, Wiley-Eastern, New Delhi
(1982)5. Richardson H W, Regional Economics, Weidenfield and Nicholson, London (1969)6. Brahmananda, P R, and V R Pachmikhi (Eds) Development experience in the Indian
Economy, Inter state perspectives, Bookwell, Delhi(2001)
Semester III
Essentials of Economics Money, Banking, Finance and
Trade
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Module I: Money
Definitions and functions of money, demand for and supply of money, Fischers
quantity theory of money, inflation and deflation
Module II: Banking
Role and functions of commercial banks and central bank, monetary policy and its
instruments, credit instruments (cheque, draft etc)
Module III: Public Finance
Public revenue and its sources, public expenditure, public debt, deficit financing,
fiscal policy, budget, finance commission.
Module IV: Trade
Internal and External Trade, Why international trade?, balance of trade and balance
of payment, foreign exchange rate, devaluation, revaluation, depreciation, appreciation.
Reference
1. Diwedi DN Macroeconomics Theory and Policy Tata Magragel
2. Salvetor D and EA Diulio Principals of Economics Schuams Outline Series3. Salvetor D International Economics Schuams Outline Series
Course Title : POPULATION STUDIES 1ICourse Category : COMPLEMENTARY COURSE -1Credits : 2Lecture Hours Per Week : 3Semester :1V
MODULE IV Population in India
Indias Population: Size and Growth trends Ageing gender issues Women empowerment population explosion - Age composition of population and its Demographic Dividend -Growth andDistribution of Rural Urban population - Population Trends in Recent Years in India- NationalPopulation Policy Family Planning Strategies and their outcomes- policies related to Health,Nutrition , Education , Training
MODULE V Trends in World Population
Population Trends in Recent Years - Population Explosion Growth of World
Population- developed and Developing Nations Migration : Motivating factors,internal and international migration - Pattern of Age and Sex structure in Developed
and Developing Nations Determinants of Age and sex structure Age Pyramids
and projections
MODULE VI Population and Economic Development
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Views of Population and Economic Development Demographic Growth and
socio economic development - Impact of population growth on long termdevelopment, food production , natural resources and the environment
References:
1Agarwal S N (1972) , India,s Population Problem, Tata McGraw-Hill, CoBombay
2. Bose A (1996) Indias Basic Demographic statistics , B A PublishingCorporation, New Delhi
3. Bouge D J (1971) Principle of Demography, John Wiley, New York4. Chenery H and T n Srinivasan (eds)(1989), hand Book of Development
Economics, Vol.1&2 Elsvier, Amsterdam,et.
5. Choubey p K (2000), population Policy in India, Kanishka Publications NewDelhi
6. Coale A J and L M Hoover (1958) Population Growth and EconomicDevelopment in Low income countries: A case study of Indias Prospects
Princeton university Press, Princeton
7. Gulati S C (1998) Fertility in India: An Econometric study of metropolis ofsage, New Delhi
8. Srinivasan K (1998)Basin Demographic Techniques and application Sage,New Delhi
9. Srinivasan k and a Shariff (1998), India; Towards Population andDemographic Goals, OUP
Misra and PURI (2008), I
Course Title : REGIONAL ECONOMICS 1ICourse Category : COMPLEMENTARY COURSE -2Credits : 2
Lecture Hours Per Week : 3Semester :1V
MODULE I Regional Growth
Concept of Regional Growth and local economic development Approaches to Local EconomicDevelopment Theory of regional Income and employment determination
MODULE II: Regional Policy
People Prosperity Vs Place prosperity; Formulation of inter regional objectives;Consistency between national and regional objectives; Alternative regional policymeasures; Historical evidenceInter- Regional differences in Indias development
MODULE III Regional Economic Structure in India
- Regional economic structure : Economic base of regions and municipalities ,
assessment of economic performance of territorial system - Regional
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administration: Local Self Government , 3 tier structure Regional Planning
Regional finance as a part of Public Finance -Regional Budget.
Reference1.Hover E M , An Introduction to Regional Economics, Alfred p knopf, New York (1974)2.Chand, M and V K Puri; Regional Planning in India, Allied Publishers, New Delhi
3.Isard W, Methods of Regional Analysis:MIT Press Cambridge, Mass (1960)4. Nair, K R G regional experience in a Developing Economy, Wiley-Eastern, New5. Delhi (1982)6. Richardson H W, Regional Economics, Weidenfield and Nicholson, London (1969)
7. Brahmananda, P R, and V R Pachmikhi (Eds) Development experience in the IndianEconomy, Inter state perspectives, Bookwell, Delhi(2001)
Semester IV
Essentials of Economics Indian Economy
Module I: India as a Developing Economy
Major Issues: poverty, unemployment and inequality - causes and remedies
Module II: Major Sectors of Indian Economy
Importance, contribution and problems of agricultural sector, green revolution,
land reforms, Industry: importance, contribution and problems. Services: contribution to the
national economy. Impact of economic reforms on major sectors.
Module III: Planning
Economic planning and its objectives; five year planning in India achievements
and failures
Module IV: Kerala Economy
Unique features, sectoral contribution, land reforms, decentralized planning,
peoples planning, achievements and challenges in Health and Educational Sectors, Role of
Migration and remittances, tourism and development
Reference
1. Uma Kapila (Ed) Indian Economy Since Independence Academic Fountation New Delhi
2. Keralapadhanam - KSSP Kozhikode
II. CO-OPERATION
Semester I
Co-operation 1
Module 1: Principles and Problems of Co-operation:
Meaning and Significance of Co-operation; Co-operation and other business
enterprises; Problems of Co-operation, Role of Co-operatives in a dynamic
economy.
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Module 2: Practice of Co-operation in Foreign Countries:
Co-operative Movement in Germany, England, Denmark, Ireland, Japan, Italy,
France, International Co-operative Alliance.
Semester II
Co-operation 2
Module 1: Practice of Co-operation in India:
Origin and Development of Co-operative Movements, Co-operative Legislations
and Administrations. Recent Trends.
Module 2: Co-operative Banking:
Principles and Policy, Rural Primary Agricultural Credit Societies, Central Co-operativeBanks, Banking Unions, State Co-operative Banks, Land Development Banks, Institutions
in Aid Co-operative Banks.
Semester III
Co-operation 3
Module 1: Agricultural Co-operatives:
Co-operative production, Co-operative Vs Collective Farming, Co-operative Supply(Service Co-operatives), Co-operative Marketing, Co-operative Processing, Co-operativeStorage and Warehousing.
Module 2: Non-Agricultural Co-operatives:
Consumers Co-operatives, Co-operative Housing, Urban Co-operative Credit Societies,
Industrial Co-operatives, Workers Co-operative ,Dairy Co-operatives.
Semester- IV
Co-operation 4
Module 1: Human Resource Development in Co-operatives:
Nature and Significance of Human Resources Development in Co-operatives, Co-operative
Education and Training.
Module 2: Role of Co-operatives in a Liberalised Financial situation.
Analysing Vaidyanathan Committee Report History & Role of Co-operative Movement
in Kerala - Co-operatives and SHGs Kudumbasree in Kerala, co operatives and de
centralisation
Reference :
1. T.N. Hajila, Principles, Problems and Practices of Co-operation (Shivalal Agarwala &Co., Agra).
2. E.S. Bogardus, Principles of Co-operation.
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3. K.R. Kulkarni, Theory & Practice of Co-operation in India and Abroad.
4. G. Druhain, The Co-operative Society as a Form of Enterprise.
5. H. Calvert, Law & Principles of Co-operation.
6. C.R. Ray, Co-operation at Home & Abroad.
7. R. Philips, Economic Nature of Co-operative Association.
III. BANKING
Semester I
Banking 1
Module 1:
Banks, Evolution and Economic Importance, Functions, Growth of Banking in India.
Module 2:
Commercial Banking, Branch Banking Vs Unit Banking, Group Banking, Chain Banking,Mixed Banking, Clearance Banks, Balance sheet, Rules of Management of funds, Assets,
Liabilities, Financial Intermediaries, Bank Failures, Deposit Insurances, Merchant
Banking, Nationalisation of Banks in India : An overview of Changes after Nationalisation.
Semestr II
Banking 2Module 1:
Negotiable Instruments, Cheques, Bills, Treasury bills, Acceptance Houses, Discounts,Money Market, Peculiarities of Indian Money Market; Deposits; Borrowings; Primary and
Secondary Resources, Loans, Practices in Lending, Credit Circulation, Limitations.
Module 2:
Accounts: Joint accounts, Partnership, Company guarantees, Individual Surety, Joint and
Several Guarantee, Security, Exchange Securities, Life Policies, Payment and Collections
of Cheques, Dishonouring, Negotiability, Crossing and Account payee.
Semester III
Banking 3Module 1:
Central Banking: Evaluation Functions, Rules of note issue system in India, Bankers
Bank, Reserve Functions, Statutory Minimum, Banker to Government, Custodian Notions,Reserve, Credit Control, Objectives, Methods, Limitations, Lender of the last resort, Bank
Rate, Open market operations, Exchange control, Reserve Bank.
Module 2:
Development Banks in India : IFCI, SFCS, IDBI, NIDC, NSIC, SIDBI: Capital market in
India, Emerging trends, Mutual Funds. New Generation Banks.
Semester IV
Banking 4
Module 1:
Agricultural Banking, Land Development Banks, Co-operative Banks, Regional RuralBanks, NABARD.
Module 2:
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Financial Liberalisation and its impacts. Recommendations of Narasimhan Committee
Financial Crisis and the Role of Public Sector Banks.
Suggested Readings:
6. R.S. Sayers, Modern Banking. Mac millon7. M.D. Decock, Central Banking.8. S.K. Basu, Banking in India.9. Milnes Holdern, Studies in Practical Banking.10. I.C. Dhingra, Indian Economy. Sulthan Chand and sons.
IV. Mathematical Tools for Economics
Semester I
Mathematical Tools for Economics 1
Chapter 1 : Theory of Sets1.1 Kinds of sets, 1.2 Operations of sets, 1.3 Venn Diagrams, 1.4 Cartesian Products,
1.5 Relations Types of Relations, 1.6 Functions, 1.7 Total and partial ordering..\
Chapter 2 : Fundamental of Linear Algebra - Matrices1.1 The Role of Linear Algebra, 2.2 Definitions and terms, 2.3 Addition and Subtraction of
Matrices, 2.4 Scalar Multiplication, 2.5 Vector Multiplication, 2.6 Multiplication ofMatrices,
2.7 Commutative, Associative and Distributive Laws in Algebra. 2.8 Identity and NullMatrices 2.9 Matrix Expression of a Set of Linear Equations. 2.10 Row Operations,2.11 Augmented Matrix, 2.12 Gaussian Method of Solving Linear Equations.
Basic Reading1. Edward T. Dowling, Introduction to Mathematical Economics (2nd Edition), Schaums
Outline Series, McGRAW-HILL.
Additional Readings1. Chiang A C, Fundamentals Methods of Mathematical Economics, (McGraw Hill)
2. Taroyamane, Mathematics for Economists (Prentice Hall)
Note : This course is a complementary course and is intended for students of B.A. Economicscourse who may not have sound knowledge of Mathematical concepts. Hence questions may be
confined to intermediary level.
Semester 2
Mathematical Tools for Economics 2
Chapter 1 : Matrix Inversion1.1 Determinants and Nonsingularity, 1.2 Determinants, 1.3 Properties of a Determinant,
1.4 Minors and Cofactors, 1.5 Cofactor and Adjoint Matrices, 1.6 Inverse Matrices1.7 Solving Linear Equations with the Inverse, 1.8 Cramers Rule for Matrix Solutions,
1.9 The Gaussian Method of Inverting a Matrix.
Chapter 2 : Special Determinants and Matrices in Economics2.1 The Jacobian, 2.2 The Hessian, 2.3 The Discriminant, 2.4 Higher-Order Hessians,
2.5 The Bordered Hessian for Constrained Optimization 2.6 Derivation of a MarshallianDemand Function 2.7 Application in Input-output Analysis.
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Basic Reading1. Edward T. Dowling, Introduction to Mathematical Economics (2nd Edition), Schaums
Outline Series, McGRAW-HILL.
Additional Readings
1 Chiang A C, Fundamentals Methods of Mathematical Economics, (McGraw Hill)
2 Taroyamane, Mathematics for Economists (Prentice Hall)
Note : This course is a complementary course and is intended for students of B.A. Economics
course who may not have sound knowledge of Mathematical concepts. Hence questions may be
confined to intermediary level.
Semester 3
Mathematical Tools for Economics 3Chapter 1: Basic Mathematical Concepts
1.1 Exponents, 1.2 Polynomials, 1.3 Factoring, 1.4 Equations : Linear and Quadratic,1.5 Completing the Square, 1.6 Simultaneous Equations, 1.7 Functions, 1.8 Graphs,Slopes, and Intercepts, 1.9 Graphs of Nonlinear Function
Chapter 2 : Economic Applications of Graphs and Equations2.1 Isocost Lines, 2.2 Supply and Demand Analysis, 2.3 Production Possibility Frontiers
Chapter 3 : The Derivative And The Rules of Differentiation
3.1 Limits, 3.2 Continuity, 3.3 The Slope of a Curvilinear Function, 3.4 The Derivative,3.5 Differentiability and Continuity 3.6 Derivative Notation 3.7 Rules of Differentiation
3.8 Higher-Order Derivatives 3.9 Implicit Differentiation.Uses in Mathematics and Economics: 3.10 Increasing and Decreasing Functions,3.11 Concavity and Convexity, 3.12 Relative Extreme, 3.13 Inflection Points, 3.14 Curve
Sketching, 3.15 Optimization of Functions.
Basic Reading1. Edward T. Dowling, Introduction to Mathematical Economics (2nd
Edition), Schaums Outline Series, McGRAW-HILL.
Additional Readings1. Chiang A C, Fundamentals Methods of Mathematical Economics, (McGraw Hill)2. Taroyamane, Mathematics for Economists (Prentice Hall)
Note : 1. This course is a complementary course and is intended for students of B.A. Economicscourse who may not have sound knowledge of Mathematical concepts. Hence questions may beconfined to intermediary level. 2. Differentiation of Trigonometric functions, logarithmic functions
etc are not to be included.
Semester 4
Mathematical Tools for Economics 4
Chapter 1 : Calculus and Multivariable Functions1.1 Functions of Several Variables and Partial Derivatives, 1.2 Rules of Partial
Differentiation, 1.3 Second-Order Partial Derivatives, 1.4 Optimization of Multivariable
Functions,1.5 Constrained Optimization with Lagrange Multipliers, 1.6 Significance of the Lagrange
Multiplier, 1.7 Differentials, 1.8 Concept of Total and Partial Differentials, 1.9 Concept of
Total Derivatives, 1.10 Implicit and Inverse Function Rules, 1.11 Application of Calculusof Multivariable Functions in Economics.
Chapter 2 : Integral Calculus : The Indefinite Integral1.1 Integration, 2.2 Rules of Integration, 2.3 Initial Conditions and Boundary Conditions,
2.4 Integration by Substitution, 2.5 Integration by Parts, 2.6 Economic Applications.
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Chapter 3 : Integral Calculus : The Definite Integral3. Area under a Curve, 3.2 The Definite Integral, 3.3 The Fundamental
Theorem of Calculus, 3.4 Properties of Definite Integrals 3.5 Area
between curves
Chapter 4 : Introduction to Differential Equations and Difference Equations
1.1 Definitions and Concepts of Differential Equations, 4.2 General Formula for First-OrderLinear Differential Equations, 4.3 Definition and Concepts of Difference Equations,
4.4 General Formula for First Order Linear Difference Equations.
Basic Reading1. Edward T. Dowling, Introduction to Mathematical Economics (2nd Edition), Schaums
Outline Series, McGRAW-HILL.
Additional Readings1. Chiang A C, Fundamentals Methods of Mathematical Economics, (McGraw Hill)
2. Taroyamane, Mathematics for Economists (Prentice Hall)
Note : 1. This course is a complementary course and is intended for students of B.A. Economicscourse who may not have sound knowledge of Mathematical concepts. Hence questions
may be confined to intermediary level. 2. Differentiation / Integration of Trigonometricfunctions, logarithmic functions etc are not to be included.
Economics -Course -Credit Semester ( C C S) system
Semester Course title Hrs./week Credit
Common course 1 English 4 3
Common course 2 English 5 3
Common course 3 Second language 4 4
Core course 1 Micro Economics-I 6 4
Complementary I Sub 1Agriculture Economics I 3 2
I
Complementary 1 Sub 2 Fundamentals of foreign Trade I 3 2
Common course 4 English 5 4
Common course 5 English 4 4
Common Course 6 English 4 4
Core Course 2 Macro Economics-I 6 4
Complementary 2 Sub 1Agriculture Economics II 3 2
II
Complementary 2 Sub 2 Fundamentals of foreign Trade II 3 2
Common course 7 Second language 5 4
Common course 8 Second language 5 4
Core Course 3
Quantitative Methods for EconomicAnalysis -I
5
4
Core Course 4 Micro Economics- I 4 4
Complementary 3 Sub1 Population Studies I 3 2III
Complementary 3 Sub2 Regional EconomicsI 3 2
Common course 9 English 5 4
Common Course 10 Second language 5 4
IV
Core Course 5
Quantitative Methods for Economic
Analysis -2
5
4
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Core Course 6 Macro Economics- II 4 4
Complementary 4 Sub1 Population Studies II 3 2
Complementary 4 Sub2 Regional Economics II 3 2
Core Course 7 Development Economics 5 4
Core Course 8 Mathematical Economics 5 4
Core Course 9 Environmental Economics 5 4
Core Course 10 Computer Application 5 4
Elective course (For Economics
students)
Gender Economics/ HealthEconomics/ Economics of business
and finance
3
2
V Course work/project work/ visit Starts the project 2 -
Core Course 11 Basic Econometrics 5 4
Core Course 12 Public finance 5 4
Core Course 13
Indialn economy with special reference toKerala Economy
5
4
Core Course 14 Financial Economics 5 4
Open course 2 (For non economics
students)
Basic Principles of Economics/
Financial Business/ Banking
3
2
VI Course work/project work/ visitComplete the projects 2
4
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REVISED UNDERGRADUATE DEGREECURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS IN ECONOMICS WITHFOREIGN TRADE.(REGULAR)UNIVERSITY OF CALICUTEFFECTIVE FROM 2009 2010 ADMISSION3
Towards a Revision of Curriculum and Syllabus of
Undergraduate ECONOMICS WITH FOREIGN TRADE ProgrammeEvery branch of knowledge is evolving over time. This is the result of mans quest for knowingmore about himself and his societal environment. Economics is no exception to this process ofevolution. A number of developments in the form of new theories and applications havealreadytaken place in economics during the past few decades with a view to understand theeconomy, itsactors their behavior and the consequent outcomes of their actions.Generally, curriculum brings out the academic programmes educational philosophy, specificobjectives of learning and understanding of a discipline and implementation strategies as wellasassessment and evaluation criteria. However, Syllabus traditionally represents the content of agiven Course and specifies how this content is graded and sequenced. Syllabus refers to
content orsubject matter of a given discipline whereas Curriculum refers to the totality of the content tobetaught and aims to be realised with in a given academic course period. Thus Curriculumsubsumesa Syllabus.Curriculum and Syllabus of Economics should therefore follow the above line of thinking.Regularupdating of both Curriculum and Syllabus in Economics is unavoidable because the subject ofEconomics has a rapid growth as compared to most of the other social sciences and alsobeing adiscipline that touches day-to-day human lives in every society.To quote UGC:Renewing and updating of the curriculum is the essential ingredient of any vibrant university
academic system. There ought to be the dynamic curriculum with necessary additions andchangesintroduced in it from time to time by the respective university with a prime objective to maintainupdated curriculum and also providing therein inputs to take care of fast paced development intheknowledge of the subject concerned. Revising the curriculum should be a continuous processtoprovide an updated education to the students at large.To put it in a broad sense, higher education especially in the field of social science must aimat:
To train students to understand the society, economy and the world at large
To equip them with the right analytical skills to acquire a vision
To enjoy a life time learning.
It is necessary to repeat that the goal of higher education is two fold: Knowledge Creation anditsutilisation through activities that are useful to the learners as well as the society.Coming to the curriculum of Economics, our objective is to impart
A knowledge of fundamental concepts and theoretical propositions
A methodology by which economic ideas are framed, tested and modified
An understanding of the institutions, social, political and economic. that influenceeconomic issues
An ability to present ones own analysis of the problems and issues in the language of anEconomist
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Teaching of Economics lack relevance if they do not help in the understanding of the laws ofmotion of the economy and society where one lives.4
The idea is to make the student at the undergraduate level understand correctly the basicconcepts and terms used in Economics and to give him an exposure to the way economicproblems and issues are to be looked at with out any bias.
For this, what is needed is a set of CORE courses and ELECTIVE courses. The core coursemay consist of two parts (a) Basic Concepts, terms and theories and (b) Application areas.
The first will have Papers like MICROECONOMICS, MACROECONOMICS,MATHEMATICS FOR ECONOMICS. POLITICAL ECONOMY OF DEVELOPMENTwith special reference to INDIA and KERALA etc.
The elective courses will have, FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, PUBLIC ECONOMICS,INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS, HEALTHECONOMICS, etc etc to enable the students to get an exposure to the application of whathe is going to learn in CORE courses.ELECTIVE Courses shall be short courses. A few of them are to be framed to suitECONOMICS students and others specially suited to non-Economics students.5
All elective courses should contain substantial active learning component to give depth tothe curriculum. This includes writing reports, oral presentations, and research projects. Thiswillreinforce the empirical skills students have acquired in the course on quantitative methods.Finally, we suggest that students do a final research project that would complete theprocess of intellectual maturation It will also provide further insight in the curriculum.Suggested Courses:
We are offering 14 Core courses, Four complementary courses and two open courses withthree electi