Developing the Body of Knowledge for The AS&D Quality Practitioner Supplier Management Focus...

Developing the Body of Developing the Body of Knowledge forKnowledge for

The AS&D Quality PractitionerThe AS&D Quality PractitionerSupplier Management FocusSupplier Management Focus

Establishing a Process-Based Establishing a Process-Based Professional Knowledge ModelProfessional Knowledge Model

The Aging AS&D Professional Workforce

Is having a knowledgeable workforce important?

1 hour of unsafe drinking water per month1 hour of unsafe drinking water per month

2 unsafe landings at Chicago-O’Hare each day2 unsafe landings at Chicago-O’Hare each day

16,000 pieces of lost mail per hour16,000 pieces of lost mail per hour

20,000 incorrect prescriptions per year20,000 incorrect prescriptions per year

500 incorrect surgical operations each week500 incorrect surgical operations each week

50 newborns dropped by doctors each day50 newborns dropped by doctors each day

22,000 checks deducted from wrong accounts 22,000 checks deducted from wrong accounts each houreach hour

What does 99.9% right mean?What does 99.9% right mean?

AS&D Professional Workforce

58 27% can retire in 2008

16% Younger than 34

Understanding the Urgency

Person-based knowledge exitsNo defined knowledge base to work from

Source: Aircraft Industries Association

The new normal is approx. 620,000 AS&D professionals in the USA.

How we started:

• Team started working the BoK utilizing traditional Grey-Beard methods.

• Worked on all aspects of the AS&D Quality profession.

• Multiple starts and stops.

• Progress but not significant.

What we needed:

• Process-based approach.

• Direct alignment of knowledge to task.

• Sustainable management structure.

• Narrow focus for completion.

Sociology of KnowledgePractice of Quality

Improvement

Body of Knowledge(Domain Ontology)

Process Mapping

Area of inquiry. Process-based body of knowledge.

X

Foundation for Structuring the Knowledge Management Process

Ontology Engineering Definition of work

• Develop a process-based ontological engineering methodology for professional domains.

• Apply the process to the supplier quality processes of the AS&D industry.

The Aerospace & Defense Learning The Aerospace & Defense Learning Institute (ADLI)Institute (ADLI)

501(c) not-for-profit established for the sole 501(c) not-for-profit established for the sole purpose of ensuring the long-term purpose of ensuring the long-term maintenance of the BoKmaintenance of the BoK

• Shall identify other AS&D practitioner Shall identify other AS&D practitioner BoK’sBoK’s Engineering, Procurement, OperationsEngineering, Procurement, Operations

The Organizational The Organizational Leadership for the ASD-BoK Leadership for the ASD-BoK is Sustainableis Sustainable

Bo

dy

of

Kn

ow

led

ge

Lifecycle Perspective

Professions

BoK: Definition of knowledge and/or

skills

The perspective of where skills and knowledge are

applied in the product lifecycle

The definition of specific professional categories:• ASD-QE• ASD-SQE• ASD-NDTQE• ASD-CQM

Industry-WideCollaboration Model

ADLI and IAQG

BoK Development ProcessBoK Development Process Map the AS&D business process Map the AS&D business process

stream.stream.

Identify the knowledge and skills Identify the knowledge and skills required to execute process.required to execute process.

Group major knowledge areas and Group major knowledge areas and remove variation across BP stream.remove variation across BP stream.

Assign measurement to knowledge Assign measurement to knowledge and skills.and skills.

Select sample of AS&D organizations

Conduct process mapping of AS&D

business processes

Create initial draft of BoKSME Validation of

BoK

Is the Draft BoK complete and

accurate?Validate BoK at

sample organizations

Create lifecycle of AS&D business

processes

Analyise business processes to ID skills

and knowledge.

Revise draft BoK

BoK Completed

Yes

No

SME Validation of AS&D Business

Process Map

Is the AS&D Business Process Map complete

and accurate?

Revise draft BoK

Yes

No

Mapping the Product/Business Process LifecycleMapping the Product/Business Process Lifecycle

Bod

y of

Kn o

wle

d ge

Pro

ject

ConceptualDesign

Design IPT Partner / Supplier Selection

Qu

ote

SQ

A &

MC

L R

esou

rce Cap

acity Plan

nin

g

Material C

on

trol L

abo

ratory (M

CL

) / Lab

orato

ry Co

ntro

l So

urce

Ap

pro

val (MC

L)

En

gin

eering

So

urce A

pp

roval (C

apab

ility)

Lesso

ns L

earned

Exp

ort C

on

trol

Reso

urce N

otificatio

n, R

esou

rcing

Ch

ecklist

Pre-A

ward

Su

rveys (If New

Su

pp

lier)

Su

pp

lier Evalu

ation

s (Assess W

ho

has C

apab

ility)

Flo

wd

ow

n o

f Un

iqu

e Cu

stom

er Req

uirem

ents

Tech

nical D

ata Review

(Assem

ble)

Create T

echn

ical Data

Make/B

uy D

ecision

& S

up

plier S

election

To

ol &

Gag

e Desig

n

Pro

cess FM

EA

Qu

ality Req

uirem

ents (In

spectab

ility)

Man

ufactu

rability R

eview

ES

A R

equ

iremen

ts Ap

plicatio

n

MC

L R

equ

iremen

ts Ap

plicatio

n

CP

D/V

alysis

Qu

ality Req

uirem

ents D

evelop

men

t

Desig

n V

alidatio

n (S

tand

ard W

ork)

Co

ntract R

eview

Pro

du

ction

Cap

ability

Desig

n C

apab

ility

Cu

stom

er Req

uirem

ents

Mapping the Product/Business Process LifecycleMapping the Product/Business Process LifecyclePhase Process Process Purpose Supplier Emphasis

Conceptual Phase Processes

Perform Contract Review

To understand the stated requirements of the customer as defined in a contract and its related specifications, standards, and other documents.

Identify any special considerations for supplier controls and/or raw material controls.

Define Customer

Requirements

To interpret the stated and unstated requirements of the customer and document such requirements in a formal design requirements plan.

Understand any unique supplier considerations such as restrictions on raw material or traceability requirements

Determine Design Capability

To understand the present and potential state of engineering capability and to ensure engineering capability can meets the stated and unstated requirements of the customer.

To understand the present and potential state of engineering capability within the supply and/or partner base. To ensure supplier/partner design systems are compatible with your own.

Determine Production/Servici

ng Capability

To understand the present and potential state of production/servicing capability to ensure the production base is capable of fulfilling the stated requirements of design.

To assess and understand the production/ servicing capability of the supplier and partner base and to ensure its capability to produce/deliver to the stated requirements of the design. This includes the quality of raw materials.

Determine Production/Servici

ng Capacity

To understand the present and potential state of production/servicing capacity to ensure the production base has the capacity to produce/service to the requirements of the customer.

To assess and understand the production/ servicing capacity of the supplier and partner base and to ensure it has the capacity to produce/deliver to the stated requirements of the customer. This includes logistics considerations.

Without verbs, people would not see motion, change, and flow; people would see only static displays and spines.

Connections among nouns are the stuff of process.

Operations

Pla

n FA

IPla

n FA

I

Perfo

rm F

irst A

rticle

Perfo

rm F

irst A

rticle

Insp

ectio

nIn

sp

ectio

n

Docu

ment F

AI

Docu

ment F

AI

Asse

ss FAA

docu

menta

tion

require

ments

Asse

ss FAA

docu

men

tatio

n re

quire

ments

Worker Skill Validation:Identify the verbs:

Perform

Identify the nouns:First Article Inspection

Avoid looking at who in process mapping but rather the what and always challenge the why.

Example of Business Process Mapping

Knowledge Knowledge Management Model Management Model structure structure incorporated into incorporated into Skill/Knowledge FormSkill/Knowledge Form

Body of KnowledgeBody of KnowledgeCreating the Knowledge Creating the Knowledge

Measurement BasisMeasurement Basis

Integrated Knowledge ManagementModel

1. Remember

2. Understand

3. Apply

5. Evaluate

4. Analyze

6.Create

Knowledge Dimensions

Factual Conceptual ProceduralA. B. C.

Bloom’s Taxonomy(Theoretical structure to ensure

standardization)

Identify Professional Job Title

Assemble Subject Matter Expert Team

Correlate Job Responsibilities to

Business Process Map

Validate Knowledge Elements are Inclusive

of Defined Responsibilities

Update BoK as Required

Publish Professional BoK Definition

Leveraging an Industry BoK to Define a Professional BoK

Major Profession

Quality Engineering

Professional Specialty

SupplierQuality

Engineering

ContractsQuality

Engineering

NDT/NDE Quality

Engineering

MRO Quality Engineering

Corrective Action

Auditing Practices

First Article Inspection

Supplier Qualifications

AS9100 Requirements

Other Industry Std.

Regulatory Requirements

Closed-loop C/A

Mistake-proofing

5-Whys

Fishbone

Ect.

Procedural

Factual

Task Level Definition

Knowledge/ Skill

Elements

Definition of Knowledge Level and Type of

Knowledge

1. Associate

2. Practitioner

3. Senior

4. Specialist

Definition at Professional

Levels

5. Master

AS&D BoK team provides

minimum requirements to

perform the process.

Detailed definition at

each level that may be above or below the

minimum requirements. (Practitioner is the minimum)

Conceptual

AS&D BoK elements

applicable to major

profession at a generic level.

AS&D BoK

Professional Category Definition Model

1. Remember

2. Understand

3. Apply

4. Analyze

6. Create

5. Evaluate

Create Technical Data for Suppliers

To create a master file of documents which contain all of the design requirements to produce the product/service. Configuration management of applicable revisions must be assured. This may include quality, reliability and other related documents.

To the extent suppliers/partners are responsible for design, ensure a master file of technical data is created when outsourcing work to suppliers. Configuration management of applicable document revisions must be assured.

Partner/Supplier Selection Process (Pre-Approval)

Verify Flow down of Unique

Customer Requirements

To review all applicable customer requirements documents, assess and determine that any and all applicable customer and/or regulatory requirements are conveyed in the technical data and/or purchasing documents.

To the extent a supplier will outsource given state of work, shall ensure any and all applicable customer and/or regulatory requirements are conveyed in the technical data and/or purchasing documents.

Define Material Review Board

(MRB) Requirements

Define requirements for material review processes, for when nonconforming product/services are created. Ensure the process is documented in a controlled procedure and identifies the responsibilities of the entities involved in the design, procurement, and production of the product/service.

To the extent a supplier/partner will outsource work, ensure the prescribed controls for MRB are applied at all levels of the supplier base.

Assemble Technical Data

and Bid Package

To create a master package of technical data, terms and conditions, and other pertinent documents need to accurately communicated to the supplier the expectations of the customer.

To the extent a supplier will outsource given work to a sub-tier supplier, a revision controlled master package of technical data, terms and conditions, and other pertinent documents shall be created.

Review and Apply Lessons

Learned

To understand previous events of a similar fashion and to apply this understanding in preventive action on the existing procurement.

To assess commodity-related history and evaluate the appropriateness for application in the present procurement. Apply this knowledge appropriately.

Verify Technical Data

and Bid Package

To ensure the contents of the technical data and bid package are complete and correct.

To the extent a supplier will outsource given work to a sub-tier supplier, ensure a verification process occurs.

Procedural Factual ConceptualTask 1

Task 2

Task 3

Procedural Factual Conceptual



Task 2

Task 3




Task 2

Task 3




Task 2

Task 3



Procedural Factual ConceptualTask 1Task 2Task 3



Procedural Factual ConceptualTask 1Task 2Task 3



Busin

es

sPro

cess

Lifecy

clePhase

Busin

ess

Pro

cess

Definitio

n Exte

rnal

(Supplie

r)Focu

s

Applica

bilit

y

Task

Definitio

n Know

ledg

eAnd S

killD

efinitio

nX

X

XX

X

XX

XXX

• Process based• Quantifiable• Employee growth• Customer

satisfaction• Standardization• Cost control• Controlled

processes

Benefits of Measurable Knowledge Capability:

Present StatusPresent Status

Supplier-Management Business Processes for Supplier-Management Business Processes for AS&D Industry are MappedAS&D Industry are Mapped

Business Processes DefinedBusiness Processes Defined

In Validation Phase of Business ProcessesIn Validation Phase of Business Processes

Describing Knowledge RequirementsDescribing Knowledge Requirements

Finalize Validation Phase (May ’08)Finalize Validation Phase (May ’08)

Publish ASD-SQE BoK (Aug ’08)Publish ASD-SQE BoK (Aug ’08)

Next StepsNext Steps

Develop ASD-SQE Certification Process Develop ASD-SQE Certification Process (4Q 08)(4Q 08)

Expand ASD-BoK to other Quality Expand ASD-BoK to other Quality Processes:Processes:

Mission AssuranceMission Assurance

MROMRO

Etc.Etc.

Future Steps (09 & Beyond)Future Steps (09 & Beyond)

Expand ASD-BoK into all professional Expand ASD-BoK into all professional areas of the industry:areas of the industry:

ProductionProduction

ProcurementProcurement

EngineeringEngineering

FacilitiesFacilities

Etc.Etc.

The sustainability of knowledge in the aerospace and defense industryThe sustainability of knowledge in the aerospace and defense industry

Not for profit 501(c) organization serving the aerospace and defense industryNot for profit 501(c) organization serving the aerospace and defense industry

Define the aerospace and defense body of knowledge for professionalsDefine the aerospace and defense body of knowledge for professionals Approved learning opportunities and instructorsApproved learning opportunities and instructors Certification programsCertification programs Ensure the industry has a sustainable body of knowledgeEnsure the industry has a sustainable body of knowledge Forum for knowledge managementForum for knowledge management

ADLI is presently seeking corporate support (funding) to facilitate the further development of the BoK for aerospace and defense industry professionals.

Sponsorship facilitates a strong U.S. AS&D industry

Contact Michael Dreikorn at 239.283.2839 or [email protected] to find out how your contributions can help keep the U.S. AS&D industry

strong.

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