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NIH Library | Office of Research Services | National Institutes of Health

Developing Staff Competencies in

Emerging Technologies

Douglas J. Joubert, MS, MLIS

MaShana Davis, MSIS

Outline

Development

Strategy Planning

Implementation

How we did it

Examples

Assessment

Lessons Learned

Training

Staff Performance

Literature

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The seed was planted

Digital Libraries Conference

at Tilburg University.

More staff using personal

devices at the NIH.

“Establishing the library as the

place to go for technology.” NIHL LT

Environment

Idea

We looked at

Changes in Technology

Changes in Behavior

Learning Theories

Information Literacy

Digital Literacy

Other Library Programs

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Changes in user behavior

Changes in technology

“Consumers want their information when they

want it, how they want it, and in whatever

quantities they want it.”

~Price Waterhouse Study~

New normal: 1999

Adapted from Pew Internet & American Life Project, 2011

Image: introduction to the Internet, Byron Soulsby.

• Most of “us” were

not active users of

the Internet.

• Active Users were:

• Male

• White

• College educated

• Dial-up at 32/kbits

• Directory and

portal search

• Chat rooms

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New normal: now

Adapted from Pew Internet & American Life Project, 2011

• Broadband

• Mobile

• Less SES stratification

• Less generational

variance

• Social networking and

content creation

• Video on demand

Image Source: Business Insider "Incredible Things That Happen Every 60

Seconds On The Internet"

The new normal landscape

“The 4 V’s of information dynamics: Volume, Velocity, Vibrancy &

Valence”

“The 4 V’s of information dynamics: Volume, Velocity, Vibrancy &

Valence”

“Users are shifting information platforms” “Users are shifting information platforms”

“Influence is migrating from organizations to networks and new

experts”

“Influence is migrating from organizations to networks and new

experts”

“People’s attention zones have changed” “People’s attention zones have changed”

Adapted from Raine, L, 2012

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Mobile computing from the Horizon

Report

“In the developed world, mobile

computing has become an

indispensable part of day-to-day

life in the workforce, and a key

driver is the increasing ease and

speed with which it is possible to

access the internet from virtually

anywhere.”

The 2010 Horizon Report, Johnson, L., Levine, A., Smith, R., & Stone, S

The mobile landscape - Data

• “The Mobile Difference:” mobile users are more likely to

update, to share, to create, to forward, and to record.

• 31% of text message users prefer texting to voice calls,

and young adults stand out in their use of text messaging.

• More than a quarter (28%) of all American adults use

mobile or social location-based services of some kind.

• Several demographic groups have higher than average

levels of smartphone adoption.

Pew Internet 2011 Trend Data: http://www.pewinternet.org/Trend-Data.aspx

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Mobile is a “conversation/search starter”

on…

• Daily use of internet.

• Social networking use.

• Search.

• News consumption (including political use).

• Health and fitness information.

• Video use.

• E-commerce.

Rainie. Lee. (July 14, 2011). Educate Webinar: Pew Internet Project

The mobile landscape – Federal space

• The Mobile-Gov Community of Practice is a cross-

government community dedicated to creating open

systems and technical assistance tools to build a public-

centric path to government anytime, anywhere.

• Focus on creating strategies and services around mobile

which include text/SMS, mobile websites, mobile web

apps, and native smartphone apps.

Source: http://www.howto.gov/tech-solutions/mobile/community

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I am mobile…

I’m a social I’m a…?

The social landscape – Data

• 65% of online adults use social networking sites, and

most describe their experiences in positive terms.

• Social networks and social media become more

important in people’s information flows.

Madden, M & K Zickuhr. (2011). The Social Side of the Internet Pew Internet Project

Information Ecosystem Has Changed! Information Ecosystem Has Changed!

Anywhere Any device Any time

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The social landscape – HHS

Source: http://newmedia.hhs.gov/

64

<100

26

≈31

>10

>50

What does this mean for organizations?

• SNS allow for immediate, spontaneous creation of

networks.

• The ability to create new pathways to users and

stakeholders.

• Social networks and social media becoming more

important in community building and maintenance.

• Use social media to develop a culture of listening.

Rainie. Lee. (2011). The social media landscape

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Learning

Learning Dimensions

Self-directed

Use of Own Experience

Sharing and Collaboration

Motivation

Adapted from Smith, M. K. (2002,) "Malcolm Knowles, informal adult education,…

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Project Information Literacy

• Feb 2009: How college students navigate the information

landscape.

• Dec 2009: Despite the research task, students rarely ask

librarians for assistance. Librarians focused too heavily on

guides and resources.

Source: Bridging the Information Literacy Communication Gap: Putting PIL Studies to Good Use. Library Issues, November 2011

Practical PIL Section: http://projectinfolit.org/practical/

Project Information Literacy

• Jul 2010: Assignments offer opportunities to improve

student research skills, librarians receive few

opportunities to make it happen.

• Nov 2010: Focused on student evaluation skills.

• Oct 2011: How students manage technology during

crunch time.

Source: Bridging the Information Literacy Communication Gap: Putting PIL Studies to Good Use. Library Issues, November 2011

Practical PIL Section: http://projectinfolit.org/practical/

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Flipped Learning

Learning Through Activity

Learning Through Activity

Learning Environment

Learning Environment

Educational Technology Educational Technology

Classroom Flip

Provides opportunity

for

Influences Influences

Influences

Source (adapted): Jeremy F. Stayer, Ohio State University

23 Things - Commonalities

Source (adapted):Yoshikawa & Webber, 2011.

1. Facilitated learning.

2. Primary web-based resource for information.

3. The “23 Things” timetable announced in advance.

4. Includes reflection & interaction.

5. Each topic has an introductory lead.

6. Combination of face-to-face and online only.

7. Celebration at the end of modules.

8. Voting for favorite activities.

9. Certificate for those completing all 23 Things.

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23 Things – Original guidelines*

Source (adapted):Yoshikawa & Webber, 2011.

1. Encourage networking and shared learning.

2. Encourage traditional and face-to-face communication.

3. Encourage group discovery.

4. Accommodate non-techies and different learning styles.

5. Focus on discovery, not skill building.

6. Reward staff for learning.

7. Encourage staff to play.

* That we identified with, and would work for us.

Planning

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How the pieces fit together

NIHL 2011 Strategic Plan

NIHL Objectives on Mobile

ETT Mission

Staff Development Mobile Deployment

Mobile objective from 2011 NIHL

Strategic Plan

Included building a competency among staff

around mobile devices and applications and

other emerging technologies.

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The ETT and its role in training

The team helps to support mobile computing,

social media, and other technologies critical to

science and medicine.

Planning…targets

• Compile a list of available devices and their platform:

Apple, Blackberry, Android.

• Identify and document issues related to authentication on

mobile devices (iOS and Android).

• Planning for and supporting multiple devices.

• Partner with other techie folks on campus.

• Sustaining the program.

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Planning…training

• Supporting staff development across platforms.

• What should be our training priorities?

• What training models have been successful and will they

work at the NIHL?

• Brown-bags versus hands-on.

• Accommodating adult learners.

• Librarians, Informationist, support staff, and the

business office.

Development

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Development…mobile

IAB Branch Chief met with ETT to discuss device deployment. IAB Branch Chief met with ETT to discuss device deployment.

ETT met with all library staff outlining team objectives, mobile

deployment, and staff training.

ETT met with all library staff outlining team objectives, mobile

deployment, and staff training.

IAB Branch Chief sent out survey asking staff about

preferences for a mobile device.

IAB Branch Chief sent out survey asking staff about

preferences for a mobile device.

Developing training

Developed curriculum that included a variety of methods for

educating staff, developed a staff technology challenge, and

leading by example.

Developed curriculum that included a variety of methods for

educating staff, developed a staff technology challenge, and

leading by example.

Developed methods to evaluate staff competencies with their

devices.

Developed methods to evaluate staff competencies with their

devices.

We really wanted to build a community of learners that was

focused on mobile, social media, and emerging technologies.

We really wanted to build a community of learners that was

focused on mobile, social media, and emerging technologies.

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Developing PMAPs

Focus on Teleworking

(Jan 2011)

Focus on Mobile

(Feb 2011)

Now includes Social Media,

Web 2.0

(May 2011)

Map Training to PMAPs

"Every staff person is required,

as part of their annual

performance review, to do a

certain number of learning

opportunities and sharing

activities. These can be from

large to small, and the credit is

earned by both doing and

sharing."

Sandra Smith, Learning and Development Manager at the Denver Public Library.

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Factors that influenced training

Proliferation of mobile use

Ease and availability of cloud services

Social media and mobile use

Make it relevant to me!

Focused on two factors: (1) the Level of learning,

and (2) the resources required to implement

Focused on two factors: (1) the Level of learning,

and (2) the resources required to implement

Feb 2011 P1 – First Meeting and developing PMAPs

Mar – Apr 2011 P2 – Brainstorming and finalizing PMAPs

May 2011 P3 – Literature Review and Planning

Jun 2011 P4 – Developing content

Jul 2011 P5 – Developing Module Goals, Objectives, and

Milestones

Aug 2011 M1 – Introduction and Getting to Know Google

Sep 2011 M2 – Blogs and Wiki’s Module

Oct 2011 M3 – Spatial Literacy and Online Mapping

Nov 2011 M4 – Online Photo Sharing

Dec 2011 M4 – Social Networks and Online Communities

Jan 2012 A1 – Assessment and Debriefing with Supervisor

Timeline*

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RATECH learning objectives

• As much as possible, the modules should be self-

directed.

• Doug and MaShana available as backup.

• Use personal experiences as a resource for learning.

• Blog about their experiences, mapping through their

lens, photos and networks from their life.

Adapted from Smith, M. K. (2002,) "Malcolm Knowles, informal adult education,…

RATECH learning objectives

• Immediately apply what they learn through exercises,

sharing, and group discussion.

• We had a journal club at the end of each section.

• RA’s had the option to lead each journal club.

• Try to motivate by internal rather than external factors.

• “I feel that I need to be up-to-date to help our patrons.”

Adapted from Smith, M. K. (2002,) "Malcolm Knowles, informal adult education,…

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Implementation

How we did it

• Brown-bags for staff education.

• Meet and Greet sessions with the ETT.

• Mobile “show and tell.”

• Reference Assistant (RA) Tech Challenge.

• Informal Communities of Practice.

• ETT served as “ambassadors” for the technology.

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Mobile device deployment

18 BlackBerry Devices

14 Android Devices

12 iPads 44

14 staff never had a mobile device at work

3 did not have a personal cell phone

Our focus on mobile

• Pre-survey

• Distributed to all staff.

• Desire: gauge interest and experience.

• Two sessions:

• Orientation to mobile devices and applications.

• Mobile “Show & Tell.”

• One-hour sessions.

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Staff brown bags

Mobile Computing

101

Mobile Computing

101 Twitter Twitter

Dropbox and File Sharing

Dropbox and File Sharing

Blogs and RSS

Blogs and RSS

Cloud Computing and Google

Cloud Computing and Google

Social Bookmarks

Social Bookmarks

Spatial Literacy and

Mapping

Spatial Literacy and

Mapping

Crowd-sourcing Crowd-

sourcing SM & Public

Health SM & Public

Health

RATECH format

Module Launch

Assessment of Learning

Assessment of Module

Debriefing Session

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Blogs & Wikis

http://nihlibrary.campusguides.com/blogwiki

Spatial literacy and online mapping

Image: ESRI - http://www.esri.com/news/arcnews/fall05articles/fall05gifs/p4p8-lg.jpg

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Online images & photo sharing

Social networks and online communities

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Assessment

Evaluation

• Surveys (used Google Forms & Survey Monkey).

• Module Assessment.

• Learning Assessment.

• App evaluation form.

• Device evaluation form.

• Survey on mobile device (perceptions about getting the

device).

• iPad evaluation.

• Monthly debriefing sessions.

• Supervisor monitored online interactions.

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Evaluation? • Was harder than it should have been.

• Reluctance of staff to complete

evaluation forms & provide feedback

(except when something didn’t work).

• Difficult to come up with outcome

measures – esp. those relevant to

our type of library.

• Was not able to work on evaluation

plan before distributing devices.

Lessons Learned

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Lessons learned [1]

• How do we encourage the discovery of new services and

applications.

• Evaluating staff competencies with their devices.

• Time to develop & conduct the trainings.

• Determine how to evaluate? What to evaluate?

Lessons learned: [1]

• Planning and establishing goals at the outset are

essential.

• Distribution of work: be prepared for a lot of hand-holding

to get people up to speed.

• Jumping through government-specific TOS jargon/policies

(iTunes, 3G, repurposing the BlackBerry devices).

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Lessons learned: [2]

• Squeezing in time here and there to focus on this entire

initiative does not work very well.

• Make what you are doing relevant. You cannot make

people excited about something.

• Innovation is hard. Even if you have the support of

leadership, implementing something new is not easy.

Lessons learned: [3]

• Just because you are invested in learning new and

innovative things you cannot expect everyone to be super

engaged.

• We had to become innovative in figuring out ways to

encourage staff without explicitly providing instructions.

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What are you doing at your

library?

2011: Internal Training

2012: Integration of Learning

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Where are they now?

In 2012, the RA’s have

been able to apply what

they learned in the

RATECH and integrate

these skills into their

work at the library

Serving on the Facebook

Team.

Serving on the NIHL

MCSM team.

Helping with library-

based research

proposals.

Helping with NIHL

Writing Center.

Where is Derek now?

• “The Blackberry has

been extremely

useful…it allows me to

interact with my users –

staying in touch with

what is going on.”

• “Prepared me to work

with others in the library

– outside my comfort

zone.”

• “Expand on what I

learned in the RATECH”

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Social Media University

Social Media University objectives

1. Provide an introduction to each social media tool.

2. Demonstrate how to develop a content strategy for each

tool.

3. Learn about social media etiquette.

4. Learn about tools for effectively building relationships

with your users.

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Social Media University objectives

5. Each session will deal with the planning, the

development, and the monitoring of each tool.

6. Identify and discuss ideas for measuring your social

media efforts.

7. Sharing and Q&A.

Twitter, blogs and RSS feeds

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Social networks & online

communities

YouTube and online video

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Online collaboration + Google Drive

Content | 2011

In 2011, focused on open and free tools.

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Content | 2012

In 2012, the NIH Library migrated to SP 2010.

Document Workspaces – SP2010

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MS SharePoint Workspaces

Collaboration | 2011

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Collaboration | 2012

Integration with Office Suite | Outlook

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Integration with Office Suite | Word

Integration with Office Suite | Word

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http://www.scoop.it/t/social-technologies-and-public-health

http://www.delicious.com/joubertd

Sharing Content

http://go.usa.gov/v4w

Online Companion to SMU

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Harry Bonnie

Ken

Patrick

Derek

Betty

Charles

MaShana

Karen

Doug

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Tn5WTZDNZg

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DIVISION OF LIBRARY SERVICES

OFFICE OF RESEARCH SERVICES

NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Thank-you

Questions? Doug Joubert: douglas.joubert@nih.gov

MaShana Davis: mashana.davis@nih.gov