Develop India Se l

7/28/2019 Develop India Se l

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1. Food Processing

Food processing covers variety of products fromvarious sectors comprising agriculture, horticulture,plantation, animal husbandry and fisheries.

India is one of the major food producers in the worldand has enough availability of a wide variety of food-grains, fruits, vegetables, f lowers, fish and seafood.

The processed food industry, which ranks fifth in sizein the country, represents 6.3 per cent of GDP.


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Chikki Industry

Chikki is a popular and traditional Indian sweet.Themain production areas of Chikki are Lonawala &Khandala in Maharashtra which are located on theMumbai-Pune highway. In this area several small scaleunits produce Chikki with over 100 varieties which areof very high quality products.


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ra n ng o rura ou or eEmployment (TRYSEM):

Training of Rural Youth for Self Employment was launchedby the Government of India in 1979 as a facilitatingcomponent of Integrated Rural Development Programme(IRDP). In this programme, the selected rural youth are putthrough a period of training, in a training institution to

provide necessary technical and entrepreneurial skills. On completion of training, the identified youth receive a

combination of subsidy and institutional credit underIRDP for acquisition of an income generating asset.

The syllabus for each trade under TRYSEM should include

training in job skills, as well as management skills. Thelatter may include elements of bookkeeping, simpleknowledge of marketing, familiarization withentrepreneurial assistance agencies and with projectfinancing by banks.


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r me n s er s ozgar o ana(PMRY):

Prime Minister's Rozgar Yojana was launched on 2ndOctober 1993 to assist educated unemployed youth toset up self-employment ventures.

The scheme targeted for setting up of nearly 7 lakhenterprises and employment generation to more thanone million educated unemployed youth in the last

four years of the Eighth Five Year Plan.


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a ona ura mp oymenGuarantee Act

Implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development -External website that opens in a new window, NationalRural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA)

programme of the Government that directly toucheslives of the poor and promotes inclusive growth. TheAct aims at enhancing livelihood security ofhouseholds in rural areas of the country by providing

at least one hundred days of guaranteed wageemployment in a financial year to every household.


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The Act came into force on February 2, 2006 and wasimplemented in a phased manner. In Phase one it wasintroduced in 200 of the most backward districts ofthe country. It was implemented in an additional 130districts in Phase two 2007-2008. As per the initialtarget, NREGA was to be expanded countrywide in fiveyears. However, in order to bring the whole nationunder its safety net and keeping in view the demand,the Scheme was extended to the remaining 274 ruraldistricts of India from April 1, 2008 in Phase III.


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Increasing Employment Opportunities: In 2007-08, 3.39 crore households were provided employmentand 143.5 crore person days were generated in 330districts. In 2008-2009, upto July, 253 crore householdshave been provided employment and 85.29 croreperson days have been generated.


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SSI The small-scale industries sector plays a vital role in

the growth of the country. It contributes almost 40% ofthe gross industrial value added in the Indianeconomy. The small-scale sector has grown rapidlyover the years. The growth rates during the variousplan periods have been very impressive. The numberof small-scale units has increased from an estimated0.87 million units in the year 1980-81 to over 3 millionin the year 2000.


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Employment

SSI Sector in India creates largest employment

opportunities for the Indian .It has been estimatedthat 100,000 rupees of investment in fixed assets in thesmall-scale sector generates employment for fourpersons.


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Generation of Employment - Industry Group-wise Food products industry has ranked first in generating

employment, providing employment to 0.48 millionpersons (13.1%). The next two industry groups were

Non-metallic mineral products with employment of0.45 million persons (12.2%) and Metal products with0.37 million persons (10.2%).


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In Chemicals & chemical products, Machinery partsexcept Electrical parts, Wood products, Basic MetalIndustries, Paper products & printing, Hosiery &garments, Repair services and Rubber & plasticproducts, the contribution ranged from 5% to 9%, thetotal contribution by these eight industry groups being49%.


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Per unit employment

Per unit employment was the highest (20) in units

engaged in beverages, tobacco & tobacco productsmainly due to the high employment potential of thisindustry particularly in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh,Rajasthan, Assam and Tamil Nadu.

Next came Cotton textile products (17), Non-metallicmineral products (14.1), Basic metal industries (13.6)and Electrical machinery and parts (11.2.) The lowestfigure of 2.4 was in Repair services line.


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Chemicals & chemical products, Non-metallic mineralproducts and Basic metal industries per unitemployment was higher in rural areas as compared tometropolitan areas/urban areas.


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Location-wise Employment Distribution - Rural

Non-metallic products contributed 22.7% to

employment generated in rural areas. Food Productsaccounted for 21.1%, Wood Products and Chemicalsand chemical products shared between them 17.5%.


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State-wise Employment Distribution

Tamil Nadu (14.5%) made the maximum contribution

to employment. This was followed by Maharashtra (9.7%), Uttar

Pradesh (9.5%) and West Bengal (8.5%) the total sharebeing 27.7%.

Gujarat (7.6%), Andhra Pradesh (7.5%), Karnataka(6.7%) and Punjab (5.6%) together accounted foranother 27.4%.


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Per unit employment was high - 17, 16 and 14respectively - in Nagaland, Sikkim and Dadra & NagarHaveli.

It was 12 in Maharashtra, Tripura and Delhi.

Madhya Pradesh had the lowest figure of 2. In all othercases it was around the average of 6.


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Export

SSI Sector plays a major role in India's present export

performance. 45%-50% of the Indian Exports iscontributed by SSI Sector. They may also be in theform of export orders from large units or theproduction of parts and components for use forfinished exportable goods.

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