April 20, 2023 JINR Dubna BMBF

Detector R&D for the ILC

W. Lohmann, DESY

e+ e- Collider

500 GeV – 1 TeV

•Fixed and tunable CMS energy

•Clean Events

•Beam Polarisation

option

Physics Requirements for a Detector

Two cases: A light Higgs Boson,

Measurement of Higgs Strahlung, e+e- Z H l+ l- X

(‘golden physics channel’), with (ml+l-) << Z

Major Goal: Explore Elektroweak Symmetry Breaking Understanding of Particle Mass Generation

Identification of the Higgs (Mass, Spin, Parity), Couplings

Massaccuracy ~40 MeV

Spin, Parity

Higgs Field Potential,

Or, no Higgs Boson

Strong Interactions of Gauge Bosons

Impact on the Detector:

•Excellent Tracking

•Excellent Jet Reconstruction

•Excellent Vertex Reconstruction

(Flavour Tagging, e.g. to

measure Higgs branching

fractions)

-Reconstruction of the W’s from the measured Jet energies and directions e+e- Z H

bbe+e-

Detector Hermeticity

– efficient electron and photon detection at small polar angles

SUSY: Detection of l , sleptons for small m

signal major background :

ee l 0 l 0 ee (e)(e) l l ~ 10 fb ~ 106 fb

Performance Requirements in Numbers:

Momentum resolution 10 х LEPImpact Parameter 3 х LEPdE/dx LEPJet energy resolution 2 х LEP, HERAGranularity 200 х LEP, HERALuminosity precision 3 x LEPHermeticity > 5 mrad

Dedicated Detector R&D needed

Example- “TESLA” Detector

Example: CCD technology

20x20 m2 pixel, cos=0.96,

Inside a foam cryostat,1800K,

thickness 0.01 % X0

Critical: readout speed

Silicon Vertex Detectors

Other options: MAPS and DEPFET technologies

1.7 m radius, 3% X0, 4T B-fieldChallanges: Gas amplifiction system Field stability 100 m single point resolution

Central Tracker- TPC

Other option for gas amplification: Micromegas

Examples of Prototype TPCs

Carleton, Aachen, Desy(not shown) for B=0 studies

Desy, Victoria, Saclay (fit in 2-5T magnets)

Prototype Results

Point resolution,

Gem--Two examples of σ_pt measured for Gems and 2x6mm^2 pads.

--In Desy chamber triple Gem isused

--In Victoria chamber a double Gem

--In general (also for Micromegas) the resolution is not as good as simulations expect; we are searching for why (electronics, noise, method).

30cm

B=4T

Gas:P5

Central region:Pixel vertex detector (VTX)Silicon strip detector (SIT)Time projection chamber (TPC)

Forward region: Silicon disks (FTD) Forward tracking chambers (FCH)(e.g. straw tubes, silicon strips)

momentum resolution (1/p) =7 x 10-5

/GeV

FORWARD TRACKING

+SIT : (1/p) = 0.5 x 10-4 GeV-1

E /E = 11% / sqrt(E)

Tungsten-Silicon sandwich. With pad of 1x1 cm and 40 layers, 24 X0,

RM ~ 1 cm

Other options: Shashlyk, Tile-Fiber, Scitillator-Si Hybrid

Electromagnetic Calorimeter

Hadron Calorimeter

Stainless steel Scintillator tile, other options: digital calorimeter(RPC’s)

E /E = 35% / sqrt(E) + 3%

E /E = 30%/ sqrt(E)

Energy flow measurement for jets:(Combined tracking, ECAL, HCAL)

TPCTPC

ECALECALHCALHCAL Calorimetry

, ZZeeWWee

E%30E%60

LEP

ILC

CalorimetryExample

Detector slab

Si- Waver, 1 x 1 cm2 pads

Goal: detect electrons

and photons,Photon direction

fromshower

Example of tile-fibre

geometry dependence;

varies from ~9 to ~25.e./MIP

Silicon PM’s for read out

<Nph.e> =46

Calorimetry

R 50

h

pixel

Ubias

Al

Depletion Region2 m substrate

Resistor

Rn=400 k

20m

m 42

200 400 600 800 10000

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Coun

ts

Channel

Steel-ScintillatorSandwich HCAL withWLS fibre readout

Example of tiles equipped

with fibres

Hamburg, DESY, Dubna, MEPhI, Prague, LPI, ITEP

Example:

MINICAL Prototype

First Tests with hadron beam in 2005

•Fast Beam Diagnostics

•Detection of Electrons and Photons at very low angle –

extend hermeticity

•Shielding of the inner Detector

IP

VTX

•Measurement of the Luminosity

with precision O(10-4)

LumiCal BeamCal

FTD

L* = 4m

300 cm

LumiCal: 26 < < 82 mradBeamCal: 4 < < 28 mradPhotoCal: 100 < < 400 rad

Very Forward Detectors

BeamstrahlungDepositions:20 MGy/yearRad. hard

sensors

Sensor prototyping, Diamonds

ADC

Diamond (+ PA)

Scint.+PMT&

signal gate

May,August/2004 test beams

CERN PS Hadron beam – 3,5 GeV

2 operation modes:

Slow extraction ~105-106 / s

fast extraction ~105-107 / ~10ns (Wide range intensities)

Diamond samples (CVD):

- Freiburg

- GPI (Moscow)

- Element6

Pm1&2

Pads

The following proposals were approved:

•Barrel Calorimeters (electromagnetic and hadron)

PRC R&D 00/01, 00/02, 01/02

•Vertexing

PRC R&D 01/01(CCD), PRC R&D 01/04 (MAPS)

PRC R&D 03/01(DEPFET), PRC R&D 03/02(SILC)

•Tracking

Time Projection Chamber, PRC R&D 01/03

•Forward Calorimeters, PRC R&D 02/01

http://www.desy.de/prc/

DESY R&D Program (since year 2000)

These Collaborations represent the ‘state of the art’ in the fields

•Beam Momentum Spectrometers (match the accuracy for mH ~ 40 MeV)

•Polarisation Diagnostics for Electrons and Positrons (electroweak precision measurements require sub % level)•Accelerator-Detector Interaction (Lumi optimisation, Rad. Protection, BDS, Final Quad’s..)

Additional Components

These components need dedicated R&D,Most of the topics are part of the ‘EuroTEV’project coordinated by DESY (partly funded by EU)

• Ongoing R&D Programs in Europe, US/Canada and Asia • Currently the Effort is in the Process of Re-Coordination (Think Global-Act Local), Detector R&D panel will be formed soon

• Next Milestones: LCWS Stanford, March 05 Snowmass WS, August 05 ECFA WS Vienna, Nov. 2005

And many special workshops ……

Worldwide R&D

Concepts: Gaseous or Silicon Central Tracking?

B = 5T

B = 4T

B = 3T

Large RSmall R

Step 1. Form panels (see below)

Step 2. To match accelerator CDR (2005 0r 2006?) Single preliminary costing and performance paper for all concepts.

Step 3. To match accelerator TDR (2007?) Detector CDRs with performance on benchmarks, technical feasibility, refined costs etc. Received by WWSOC Step 4. When Global Lab. is formed (2008?) L.O.I.s for Experiments. Global Lab. invites TDRs.

Step 5. Global Lab. + 1 year (2009?) G.L. receives TDRs and selects experiments.

Time Schedule

ILC Detector

Its time to become a visible collaborator…

(Detector R&D, MDI )

Summary

• R&D for a linear Collider Detector will be a major effort at DESY in the next 5+x years

• In 2010 a clear scheme for the production of Subdetectors must be ready

• There is world-wide activity going on- lets unite our intellectual capacitance and expertise to invent the best performance subdetectors and demonstrate this to the community

• In 2008 we must be ready for LOI’s