San Francisco Colleges

Brgy. 3, San Francisco, Agusan del Sur S.Y. 2014 - 2015

Detailed Lesson Plan in Science VII

Grand Demonstration Teaching Date: February 18, 2015

Subject Matter

Earth’s Atmosphere

Mrs. Nida P. Osano Critique Teacher

Prepared by

Katrina Isabelle V. Gallebo, RN Student Teacher

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At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

1. Identify and describe the features of the 5 layers of the atmosphere.

2. Explain the basis for the division of the layers of atmosphere.

3. Discuss the composition of atmosphere.

4. Relate the importance of atmosphere to human kind.

Earth’s Atmosphere Timeframe: 1 hour

References:

Science and Technology: Earth Science pp. 392-399

Science Learner’s Module pp. 119-121

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-sy6rPJBj4

http://ds9.ssl.berkeley.edu/LWS_GEMS/3/layers.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming

Materials: Science Module Book, Visual Aids, Worksheets, LCD projector and

laptop, yarn, graphing paper, glue, pictures, slate board and chalk.

Strategy: Cooperative Learning, Jigsaw, Active Learning and Discussion

Approaches: Inquiry Approach, Cooperative Learning Approach, Discovery Learning

Approach and Brainstorming

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES

Prayer Checking of attendance Collecting of assignment Review

I have here an envelope filled with pictures. All of you must pick 1 picture. After which you are going to pass it to the person next to you. Now that all of you have a picture at hand kindly look for your group mates who has the same picture as you do. For the rain group please stay here. All satellites please seat here. All meteors stay here. Earth group be seated there and Sun group please occupy that table. Today we are going to play “Spot the Difference Game” Do you know how this works? I’ll be showing you two pictures which are almost similar. All you need to do is to spot the difference by clicking the picture. In order to be recognized, your group must stand up, wave the pictures while doing the chicken dance just like this (teacher demonstrates the chicken dance). Once

Heavenly father…..Amen. (Secretary reads to the class the names of students who are absent) (Student passes their assignment.)

I. OBJECTIVES

II. SUBJECT MATTER

III. METHODOLOGY

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recognized, your representative must come in front and click the picture which is worth 5 points. Each picture corresponds to a given question, answer the question correctly and you will be rewarded with an additional 5 points. If you fail to answer, the rest of the class has the chance to steal or answer. Am I understood? Any clarifications? If none, let’s start the game! B. NEW LESSON Motivation

This morning we are going to play “4 pics 1 word”. I will be flashing 4 pictures and below these pictures are scrambled letters which you will arrange in order to form 1 word that represents the pictures. You will be given a slate board to write your answer. The first group to raise the correct answer earns 5 points. The group with the most number of points wins the game. Please remember, that any unnecessary noise is a demerit to your points. Am I clear? Are you ready? Presentation

How do we look like if we don’t have skin? Have you ever imagined yourself skinless? What do you think is the role of your skin? Now try to imagine the earth without an atmosphere. What do you think will happen to the planet earth? Very good! Today we are going to explore our atmosphere; we’ll get to know the 5 layers of the atmosphere and its characteristics. Are you ready to explore and travel? So fasten your seatbelt, open your mind, eyes and ears to capture and focus, to learn and to enjoy the trip. Setting of Standard

Anyway, what should a good student do during the activity and discussion? Well said! Can I expect that from you? Developmental Activities a. Activity 1

With the same group, you will be given an activity. Each group will do different task:

Sun – Jingle Satellite – Game Show

Name at least 3 mineral deposits found in our country.

Mushroom: Give at least 2 mining corporations here in Caraga region. Rose: Identify the following as renewable or non-renewable.

Yes ma’am.

Yes ma’am!

No ma’am. The skin protects our internal organs.

No one will survive because of intense heat. Yes ma’am. A good student listens, takes note, participates and behave well in the class ma’am. Yes ma’am.

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Gas Composition of the Atmosphere

Earth – News Reporting/News casting Meteor – Talk show Rain – Role playing

You will be given 5-7 minutes and 3-5 minutes for your presentation, after which, you will present the group’s output. Here’s the rubric on how I am going to grade your presentation (please refer to appendix A for the rubric) (The teacher facilitates the group activity.)

Group 1 – SUN GROUP.

Instruction: By using the pie graph, answer the guide questions by creating a lively jingle.

Discuss the gas composition of the earth’s atmosphere by creating a lively JINGLE.

Guide Questions:

1. How much of the gases are present in our atmosphere?

2. Why do you think these gases are important to us?

3. What are the 2 most abundant gases in the atmosphere?

Read the Selection Gas Composition of the Atmosphere

A. Nitrogen - 78% - Dilutes oxygen and prevents rapid burning at the earth's surface. Living

things need it to make proteins. Nitrogen cannot be used directly from the air. The

Nitrogen Cycle is nature's way of supplying the needed nitrogen for living things.

B. Oxygen - 21% - Used by all living things. Essential for respiration. It is necessary for

combustion or burning.

C. Argon - 0.9% - Used in light bulbs.

D. Carbon Dioxide - 0.03% - Plants use it to make oxygen. Acts as a blanket and prevents

the escape of heat into outer space. Scientists are afraid that the burning of fossil fuels

such as coal and oil are adding more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.

E. Water Vapor - 0.0 to 4.0% - Essential for life processes. Also prevents heat loss from the

earth.

F. Trace gases - gases found only in very small amounts. They include neon, helium,

krypton, and xenon.

Gases Amount (%)

Nitrogen 78

Oxygen 21

Water Vapor 4

Argon 0.9

Trace Gases 0.3

Carbon Dioxide 0.03

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Group 2 – SATELLITE GROUP.

Instruction: Label the 5 layers of the atmosphere and identify the things commonly found in

each layer. Distinguish its distance (km) from the earth’s surface. Present it to the class through a GAME SHOW.

Guide Questions:

1. What are the 5 layers of the atmosphere and how do they differ from each other?

2. How far are the layers of the layers of the atmosphere from the surface?

Read the selection.

ATMOSPHERIC LAYERS

1. The troposphere (0-16 km) is the first layer above the surface and contains half of the Earth's atmosphere. Weather occurs in this layer. Air in the troposphere is constantly moving as a result aircrafts flying may have a bumpy ride (turbulence). Lowest in the north and south poles at 5 km and highest near the equator at 16 km above the earth’s surface.

2. Many jet aircrafts fly in the stratosphere because it is very stable. Also, the ozone layer absorbs harmful rays from the Sun. 16 to 50 kilometers above the earth's surface.

3. Meteors or rock fragments burn up in the mesosphere. Extends 50 to 80 kilometers above the earth's surface.

4. The thermosphere is a layer with auroras. It is also where the space shuttle orbits. Different regions of the ionosphere (extension of thermosphere) make long distance radio communication possible by reflecting the radio waves back to Earth. Starts at about 80 km high and continues to 640 km.

5. The exosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The exosphere goes from about 640 km high to about 1,280 km. Satellites are stationed here.

Ionosphere

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Group 3 – EARTH GROUP.

Instruction: Graph the estimated temperatures of each layers of the atmosphere and discuss

the temperature variations. Present it to the class through NEWS REPORTING/NEWS CASTING.

Guide Questions:

1. What are the estimated temperatures of each layer?

2. What is the relationship between altitude and temperature in each layers?

3. On what layers of the atmosphere shows that the temperature increases as the altitude

increase?

Layers of the Atmosphere

Estimated Altitude (Km) Estimated Temperature (0C) Relationship betw een Altitude and Temperature

Surface 0 30

Troposphere 16 -40

Stratosphere 50 0

Mesosphere 80 -100

Thermosphere 100 0

Exosphere 640 40

Read the selection.

Temperature and the Atmospheric Layers

The temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere varies with altitude; the relationship between temperature and altitude varies between the different atmospheric layers:

Troposphere – 0 to 16 km, temperature decreasing with height. Stratosphere – 16 to 50 km, temperature increasing with height.

Mesosphere – 50 to 80 km, temperature decreasing with height. Thermosphere – 80 to 640 km, temperature increasing with height.

Exosphere – 640 +, temperature is increasing with height. The air at the surface up to around 16 kilometers is called the troposphere. The reason it is warmer at the surface is simple. The air is warmed by heat given off by the Earth! The farther away from the surface the air moves, the less heat there is to absorb.

From 16 to 20 kilometers the atmosphere is stable. From 20 to about 50 kilometers in this region the air actually warms with height! Ozone is concentrated in this part of the atmosphere and it absorbs ultraviolet light from the Sun. More light is absorbed at higher altitudes compared to the lower stratosphere, so the temperature increases. At about 50 km, the mesosphere begins. In the mesosphere, the temperature decreases with height again, because there is very little ozone to warm up the air. Thermosphere which is the section of the atmosphere higher than 80 km. In this region, the temperature increases again! This time, it is molecular oxygen (O2) that causes the temperature increase. The oxygen absorbs light from the Sun, and since there is very little air in the thermosphere, just a little absorption can go a long way! The exosphere is almost a vacuum. The "air" is very, very thin there. When air is thin, it doesn't transfer much heat to objects in the air, even if the air is very, very hot.

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-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80

Temperature (0C)

Alt

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(km

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Group 4 – METEOR GROUP.

Instruction: Enumerate and discuss the negative effects of human activities on our

atmosphere. Present it to the class through a TALK SHOW.

Guide Questions:

1. Why do you think atmosphere is important?

2. What are the ill effects of human activities on our atmosphere?

Group 5 – RAIN GROUP.

Instruction: Make a short skit about Global Warming or Climate Change. Present it to the class

in a ROLE PLAY manner.

Guide Questions:

1. What are the effects of too much heat on us and on our planet?

2. What can we do to prevent the rapid change in climate?

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

b. Discussion

Time’s up! Please tuck your works on the board. Now let us see your present The atmosphere is an important part of what makes Earth liveable. It contains gases that are essential to life.

(Students tuck their works)

Human Activities

Negative Effects

People cut too many trees for lumber to make papers and build houses

Refrigeration agents and other industrial processes emits

Halocarbons (CFC)

Too much use of fertilizers which conta ins nitrous oxide.

When humans burn coal, oil and gas (fossil fuels) to generate electricity or

drive our cars

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What are the main components of our atmosphere? What is the importance of nitrogen? Our atmosphere is divided into how many layers? And what are these layers? I’ll give you mnemonics about the layers of the atmosphere to better remember it. Troubled = Troposphere Super = Stratosphere Man = Mesosphere Tricked = Thermosphere Ellen = Exosphere

What are the common scenes we usually observed on each layers? What do you think is the basis for the division of our atmosphere? In what layers of the atmosphere does the temperature increase with height? In the troposphere, why do you think temperature decrease as altitude increases? Why do you think the temperature in the stratosphere increases with height?

Nitrogen and oxygen are the main components of our atmosphere. Together they comprise 99% of our atmosphere. Nitrogen is used for bulbs, explosives, tyres, helps in processing fertilizers, acts as neutralizer, and helps in body buildings proteins. We have 5 main layers namely from top to bottom: Exosphere, Thermosphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere and Troposphere.

Troposphere is where the weather forms; commercial airplanes also fly on this layer. The air is very unstable on this layer that’s why we sometimes experience a bumpy ride which we call turbulence. The highest peak in the world which is the Mt. Everest also seats in this layer. Stratosphere is where a spy jet flies because the air is very stable. Ozone layer is also found here. Mesosphere is where meteors and other rock fragments burn up. Thermosphere is where auroras are found. Sun's energy is so strong at this level, that it breaks apart molecules. So there ends up being electrons floating around and molecules which have lost or gained electrons that is why we have radio signals because of this layer. Exosphere, the outermost layer and extends through space. It is where the satellites are stationed. Due to temperature variations ma’am! In the Stratosphere, Thermosphere and Exosphere. The air is warmed by heat given off by the Earth! The farther away from the surface the air moves, the less heat there is to absorb. Because of increasing amounts of ozone which absorbs harmful UV lights.

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In the mesosphere, temperature decreases as height increases, what do you think causes this temperature variation? Temperature increases with altitude in the thermosphere. Give a possible explanation. What are the relationship of altitude and temperature between each layer? How does our atmosphere help and protect us? Valuing

Now, imagine our planet without the atmosphere, what do you think will happen? How can we be able to survive? Now that we’ve learn the importance of our atmosphere as students, how can you help protect our atmosphere? Well said. (Video clip on global warming)

There is very little ozone to warm up the air.

The few molecules that are present in the thermosphere receive extraordinary amounts of energy from the Sun, causing the layer to warm to such high temperatures

Layers of the Atmosphere

Relationship between Altitude and Temperature

Troposphere Inversely proportional

Stratosphere Directly proportional

Mesosphere Inversely proportional

Thermosphere Directly proportional

Exosphere Directly proportional

Atmosphere helps us in many ways:

1. Breathing comes naturally. We need oxygen to keep our bodies working.

2. A radiation shield. 3. 4. Security Blanket. The atmosphere also keeps

us warm. 5. 6. Weathering the storm. Closely related to

temperature regulation, the atmosphere also gives us weather.

7. 8. Look out below! Another really important thing

that the atmosphere does is to protect us from objects coming toward the earth from outer space.

9. Plant life. The atmosphere is also very important for plants because it contains a small amount of carbon dioxide. Plants use the carbon dioxide (CO2) along with sunshine to carry out a process called photosynthesis. Let’s Talk. One more thing the atmosphere does is it allows us to talk to each other. If you were talking to your friend and there were no air between the two of you, your friend would not be able to hear a thing you said. Life might not be possible on earth because temperature will not be regulated. We must conserve energy and lessen the use of harmful chemicals. We must plant more trees and be a good shepherd to our natural resources.

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Generalization It is cooler in Baguio that in Manila. Baguio is at a higher altitude than Manila. Shouldn’t it be warmer in Baguio since it is a lot closer to the sun?

The troposphere is warmed primarily by infrared radiation emitted by Earth’s surface. Increasing altitude also increases the distance from the heat source leading to a decrease in temperature.

Quiz Bowl - Directions: Multiple choice. Before a question is read, each group must raise the

chalk. I will say “GO” and only then the team be allowed to write the answer. When you hear

the word “STOP” the team should STOP writing and raise their answer pad.

1. What layer of the atmosphere where humans live and weather activity also occurs in this

layer? – 3 pts. a. Stratosphere b. Thermosphere c. Troposphere

2. The layer of the atmosphere where meteors and rock fragments melt? – 3 pts. a. Mesosphere b. Thermosphere c. Exosphere

3. What layer of the atmosphere where temperature is increasing with height? – 3 pts.

a. Troposphere & Mesosphere b. Thermosphere & Stratosphere c. Mesosphere & Exosphere

3. Which of the following is seen in the Thermosphere? – 3 pts.

a. Airplane b. Aurora c. Ozone Layer

5. Is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earth’s climate? – 5 pts.

Global Warming

Please take note of your assignment.

Write a letter to your 20 year old self. Describe our planet today and the effects of global

warming in your daily life. Write your desire to make a difference.

Seal your letters in a short envelope.

APPENDIX A: Presentation Learning Activity Rubric

Content- offers current information on the topic chosen thoroughly

covers each aspect of the question.

40 %

Presentation – The student makes a genuine effort to present, not

just read the material.

35 %

Teamwork – Each member of the group is actively and effectively

participating towards a specific goal.

25 pts.

TOTAL 100%

IV. EVALUATION

V. ASSIGNMENT