Designing for Bicyclist SafetyDESIGNING FOR BICYCLIST SAFETY Federal Highway Administration Webinar...
Transcript of Designing for Bicyclist SafetyDESIGNING FOR BICYCLIST SAFETY Federal Highway Administration Webinar...
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Designing for Bicyclist Safetyat Crossings and Intersections
Brooke Struve
Federal Highway Administration
Greg Bakos
VHB
April 27, 2017
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Upcoming Webinars
Visit www.pedbikeinfo.org to learn more and register
Incorporating Bicycle Networks into Resurfacing Projects
May 10, 1:00 – 2:30 PM Eastern Time
Measuring and Visualizing Multimodal Networks
May 17, 1:00 – 2:30 PM Eastern Time
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DESIGNING FOR BICYCLIST SAFETY
Federal Highway Administration
Webinar 3—April 27, 2017
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MEET YOUR PANELISTS
Brooke Struve, PE
FHWA Resource Center
720-237-2745
Gregory L. Bakos, PE, LCI
VHB
603-391-3950
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KEY SAFETY FACTORS
Speed
Number of lanes
Visibility
Traffic volume & composition
Conflict points
Proximity
Bike control
Connectivity
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NOTE OF CAUTION
The knowledge and practice of designing for
bicyclists is rapidly changing. Images in these
materials and other guidelines may be outdated.
Always check for the latest MUTCD interim and
experimental TCD’s.
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INTERSECTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Reduce speed
Minimize exposure to conflicts
Communicate right-of-way priority
Provide adequate sight distance
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Designing for Bicyclist Safety
SHARED-USE PATH CROSSINGS
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SIDE-STREET CROSSINGS
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MID-BLOCK CROSSING DESIGN PROCESS
Geometric alignment & terrain considerations
Roadway characteristics (lane, speed, volumes)
Evaluate sight triangles
Determine which leg has priority
Assess potential crossing treatments
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SIGHT TRIANGLES
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PATH YIELDS TO ROADWAY
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ROAD YIELDS TO PATHWAY
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Crossing Countermeasures
Advance warning signs
Advance yield/stop line
Raised island/crossing
RRFB/PHB
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BIKE “HAWK” PHB
First installation Tucson, AZ
“BIKES WAIT”/”BIKES OK”
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Designing for Bicyclist Safety
INTERSECTION DESIGN
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INTERSECTION CONFLICTS
Typical conflicts for both pedestrians and
motorists, plus:
Right-turn/thru
movement
Weaving to left turn
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RIGHT-TURN/THRU CONFLICT
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LEFT-TURN CONFLICT
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INTERSECTION COUNTERMEASURES
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SHOULDER RIDING AT INTERSECTION
Shoulder not a travel lane
Modify shoulder striping
Opportunity to switch to shared lanes OR
Add bike lane thru intersection
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SHOULDER STRIPING
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INTERSECTION WITH SHARED LANES
Additional/all lanes are shared at intersection
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BIKE LANE THRU INTERSECTION
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BIKE LANE THRU INTERSECTION
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HIGHLIGHT CONFLICT ZONE
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HIGHLIGHT CONFLICT ZONE
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BIKE LANE THRU INTERSECTION
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SHARROW W/ GREEN BACKGROUND
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RIGHT TURN SHARED LANE
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TWO-STAGE LEFT TURN BOX
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TWO-STAGE LEFT-TURN QUEUE BOX
Required design elements include:
Bicycle symbol
Turn or through arrow
Turn on red prohibition
Passive detection of bicycles
Size to prevent conflicts
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BIKE BOX
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BIKE BOX
Increase visibility
Reduce signal delay
for bikes
Positioning for left-turn
Prevent “right-hook” (except at onset of green)
Groups bikes
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BIKE BOX
Required elements:
Advance stop bar
Bike symbol
RTOR prohibited
Setback from crosswalk
Countdown ped signal
Yellow change & red clearance
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BICYCLE SIGNAL FACE
Application for: Bicyclist non-compliance
Provide a leading or lagging bicycle
interval
Continue the bicycle lane on the right-
hand side of an exclusive turn lane
Augment the design of a segregated
counter-flow
Unusual or unexpected arrangements
of the bicycle movement through
complex intersections, conflict areas,
or signal control.
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SAFER SIGNALS FOR BICYCLISTS
Bikes start-up and travel slower than cars
Differentiating bike detection to optimize signals
Set initial and gap times to accommodate bikes
Leading Bike Interval
Segregate Conflicting
Movements
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BICYCLE DETECTION
Loops
Video
Microwave
Buttons
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BICYCLE DETECTION
Portland, OR
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PUSH BUTTONS
Better:
Push button close to curb
Not good:
Requires dismounting
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BICYCLISTS AT ROUNDABOUTS
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WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO MAKE ROUNDABOUTS
WORK FOR BICYCLISTS?
Slow speeds – lots of deflection; truck apron
Simple, single lane, throughout
Splitter islands
“Escape ramps” for multi-lane roundabouts
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End bike lane to encourage cyclist to enter roadway
Bend OR
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End bike lane to encourage cyclist to enter roadway
Bend OR
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Slow speed allows cyclists to share roadwayBend OR
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Bend OR
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Bend OR
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What if a cyclist doesn’t want to enter the
roundabout?
Bend OR
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“PROTECTED” INTERSECTION
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motorist’s view at
conventional bike lane
motorist’s view at
separated bike lane
VISIBILITY AT CONFLICT POINTS
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photo source: Jonathan Maus
protected intersection conventional bike lane
VISIBILITY AT CONFLICT POINTS
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12
3
4
Corner refuge island1
2
3
4
Motorist yield zone
Pedestrian crossing island
Forward bicycle queuing area
5
6
Pedestrian crossing of separated bike lane
Pedestrian curb ramp5
6
PROTECTED INTERSECTIONS
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PROTECTED INTERSECTIONS
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CHICAGO, IL
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CHICAGO, IL
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Designing for Bicyclist Safety
SUMMARY THOUGHTS
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IMPERATIVE FOR CHANGE
1-5 mile trip typical for casual rider
50% of all trips are less than 3 miles
Most U.S. facilities are LTS 3
Most adult bicyclists comfortable on LTS 2
Greeley, Co
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KEY SAFETY FACTORS
Speed
Number of lanes
Visibility
Traffic volume & composition
Conflict points
Proximity
Bike control
Connectivity
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Designing for Bicyclist Safety
QUESTIONS
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Discussion
Send us your questions
Follow up with us:
Brooke Struve [email protected]
Greg Bakos [email protected]
General Inquiries [email protected]
Archive at www.pedbikeinfo.org/webinars