Design Thinking
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Transcript of Design Thinking
1
table of contents
1 introduction: graffiti
2 concept
3 program proposal
4 site documentation
5 precedent analysis
6 bibliography
7 image citations
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Washington University in St. LouisSam Fox School of Design and Visual Arts
Graduate School of Architecture
Ben Fehrmann Design Thinking Professor
Gina Gage Design Thinking Teaching Assistant
5Graffiti is a universal mechanism for communication, with the purpose to disseminate information to an indeterminate amount of people. Graffiti’s purpose to record, ellicit emotional and physical response goes as far back as the cavemen and the days of Pompeii. There is graffiti that acts as a “tattoo,” a type of memorial, as an act of declaring one’s relationship to another, remembering someone’s death, etc. There are also types that hold a political agenda, such as those protesting wars and political figures, or voicing opinions about the government. And then there are “generic” types of graffiti that most are familiar with, which relate to gang tags and murals of hip hop culture, that act to claim a territory, a presence.
Collectively, graffiti acts as an informal platform where those whose voices aren’t normally heard, are given chances of recognition; a means of communicating and self expression. Learning from graffiti, a building or public space can itself become an effective tool of dialogue, where the communicator and the receivers are in constant interaction.
Graffiti
to scratchto write
graffiato (italian)graphire (latin)
gruh•fee•tee
writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place *
Dictionary.com*
introduction
6
79 AD 19th Century AD
Graffiti in PompeiiPompeii, Italy
Visitor etchings at Abu SimbelAswan, Egypt
7The earliest evidence of art, or rather graffiti, was found in the caves in Lascaux, France. The cave, discovered in 1940, was full of paintings of animals, human figures, and abstract signs. The paintings were a way of documentation of livestock, hunting records, and threatening predators.
In Pompeii, graffiti was used in many ways as a way of communication, whether it be for praise, slander, or of a sexual nature. In the left image, graffiti for a political campaign is exhibited on an exterior wall of a building.
In ancient Egypt, heiroglyphs, stratchings in rock, were the formal means of communication of the empire. Years later, in the 1800s, rock tombs in Aswan were discovered. Those who claimed discovery etched their names in stone as a way of claiming and recording their time there as for those after them to observe and acknowledge.
Graffiti of the Past
introduction
9The most “generic,” obvious type of graffiti comes in the form of letters and tags, tattoos of the urban realm. A gang can leave their tag on a wall as a claim of territory; other tags could be declarations of love, or a declaration of memoriam (“RIP Blaze”). These forms of communication are usually one-dimensional, one-message interpretations.
Other forms of graffiti take on a more political and emotional role, especially in areas involved in conflict of some kind. In much of stencil art, political figures and other objects are ironically juxtaposed to form a charged message, either of protest or of simply whimsy. In both ways, the message is being posted and is being communicated through its medium.
Graffiti of the Present
introduction
10
To most people, graffiti is just background scenery, urban wallpaper... to those who write it, however, it is a secret sign language.
There’s conversations between people who haven’t met, through writing.Nancy Macdonald, 2001
“
”
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graffiti & movement
Graffiti is activated through movement. When graffiti is viewed, it has already been painted on a wall, static. The life of graffiti lies in the application itself. Graffiti is a transient art; usually charged through impulse and drive to leave one’s trace behind.
Graffiti is also a movement itself, a call for action due to a belief, as well as a representation of select groups of people in society. Graffiti is a type of subcultural movement and activity, usually associated with the underground realm of the city.
mobilityspontaneity
(Refering to Sociology)the cultural values and behavioral patterns distinctive of a particular group in a society
a group having social, economic, ethnic, or other traits distinctive enough to distinguish it from others within the same culture or society
(n)•
subculture[suhb•kuhl•cher]
introduction
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(v)•
(Refering to Bacteriology)to inoculate onto another medium; to cultivate (a bacterial strain) again on a new medium
graffiti as bacteria
Graffiti can also be interpreted as bacteria. Graffiti acts as the baterial spore that is applied to a medium, much like a bacterial culture is applied to a petri dish. In the physical sense, a wall starts bare; someone tags the wall overnight; the tag is viewed and acknowledged; the wall is covered with tags by the end of the week. In a psychological sense, graffiti is bacterial because there is no rationale as to why it is, how it appears, and how it spreads; it is all up to dictation of the artist (graffiti) and nature (bacteria).
Not all bacteria is bad, as is the case with graffiti. In fact, the “good” bacteria is vital in maintaining balance within nature. Also, bacteria can grow, spread and evolve itself depending on the medium it is injected into. In a similar way, graffiti can be interpreted as a type of bacterial subculture, a means of communication that is injected into the urban landscape in a way to interpret and spread information and evolve its surroundings.
growthcultivation
subculture[suhb•kuhl•cher]
introduction
15concept research
Graffiti
stimuli
medium
tattoo
platform
mechanism receptor catalyst
Proj
ectio
n at
Tiju
ana
Cultu
ral C
ente
r, Kr
zysz
tof W
odic
zko
(198
8)
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graffiti as communicator
Graffiti is a medium of communication, where the messenger is the artist, whose main purpose is to put something on display for an indeterminate-size audience. The messenger uses a medium to convey a message, and through the medium, the information is seen by the audience, who act as receptors.
Graffiti is a temporal art --- it can be taken down as fast as it is put up. This type of art thrives in its own transience, as these visual pieces are constantly changing, usually without prior notice. Graffiti is transient also because of its mobility to be anywhere, to appear at any time, and to be created by anyone.
A modern forum can be created to allow for public interaction and display of temporary, liminal art.
The roman forum, rectangular plaza surrounded by ruins; the center of Roman public life. site of processions, elections, speeches, trials, gladiatoral matches, etc.
[roman]forum
concept research
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The roman forum was located in the heart of the city. No event was ever permanently fixed; the space was used for many different events, such as marketplaces, parades, political debates, and even executions.
Open flexible event space at Platoon Kunstalle, in Seoul, Korea. Events are constantly rotating; seen above, the space has been used to host a flea market.
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not lasting, enduring, or permanent; transitory. Staying only a short time.
a person or thing that is transient, such as a temporary guest, boarder, laborer, or the like.
(Refering to Electricity)a sudden pulse of voltage or current.
the condition of being on a threshold or at the beginning of a process.
> latin root limen
(Referring to Medical Term limen)the threshold of a physiological or psychological response.
The external opening of a canal; an entrance.
transient[tran•zee•uhnt]
liminality[lim•uh•nal•i•tee]
(adj)•
(n)•
(n)•
•
•
•
characteristics of [graffiti] communication
concept research
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incubatestimulatetransmitmaterializematerialize / discover
Abandoned buildings provide a canvas for those looking to express themselves or to find place of shelter. There are certain groups of people that are drawn to places like this: graffiti artists, the homeless, urban spelunkers, to name a few.
Those discoverers feel like an outsider looking in, but soon claim the space as their own.
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concept research
Krzysztof Wodiczko. Guests, video projection installation.Polish Pavilion at the 53rd International Art Exhibition in Venice
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incubatestimulatetransmitmaterializepaint / communicate
It starts with a subversive act of painting abandoned buildings. In some cases of street art, what was once seen as illegal activity is now a permitted act. Also, it is not limited to street art -- communication can happen with projections, light installations, etc.
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concept research
“Facade printer.” Software-controlled inkjet printer that creates images at an architectural scale. Like a magic pen, the facade printer is a large scale
communication tool.
Source: Design Boom
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incubatestimulatetransmitmaterializecollect / stimulate
Abandoned, gritty places and graffiti make for spaces that draws in a unique crowd of people, such as homeless people, discoverers/ recreationalists (students, fishers, bikers, etc.), and of course expressors ( graffiti artists, etc.)
These places with applied stimulation act as a collector of people, drawing people to the place.
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concept research
“Yarn-bombing”. Also called guerilla knitting, it is a type of street art that employs colorful displays of knitted yarn. This type of graffiti was initally
about reclaiming and personalizing public spaces.
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incubatestimulatetransmitmaterializerecreate / incubate
Through taking advantage of the environment that graffiti creates in an abandoned place, there lies opportunity to recreate a space that takes advantage of the unharnessed creativity that exists there.
This place will be a collective where creative minds and various groups of subcultures can feed off one anothers’ creative energy.
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art
gra�ti artists
cinema fashion
culture
communication
graphicdesign
politicalactivists
club culture
29program proposal
A gathering of like minds work together at the intersection of art, culture and communication. The program will allow for subcultural interactions and interventions between a variety of different groups in the creative industry.
While in the past these groups would have worked independently, being able to work in an intersected environment can take creative juices to the next level.
inverted forum
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program proposal
art
exhibition space
performance stage
night club
workshops workshops
culture
communication
studios / residences cafe / bar
site research 37
Orig
inal
Imag
e co
urte
sy o
f Goo
gle.
CHOUTEAU’S LANDING
The edifice should be both an incubator where graffiti writers can express themselves freely as well as a theater where people can watch graffiti be created. Through this medium, spaces and places can be transformed from a former use to something completely different.
42 Busch Stadium
Soulard Market
Paint Louis Flood Wall
St. Louis Arch
Keiner Plaza
Citygarden
Laclede’s Landing
Choteau’s Landing
infiltration + reconnectionreconnect to the Arch grounds
Connect to the Mississippi RiverPowell Square Building
site
site?
site?
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infiltration + reconnectionreconnect to the Arch grounds
Connect to the Mississippi RiverPowell Square Building
site
site?
site?
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Powell Square BuildingOnce home to an electric company factory, the Powell Square building has stood vacant for at least forty years. Standing five stories, the structure consists of poured concrete slabs and concrete columns. Its visual prominence at the intersection between Interstate 64 and 55 have made the Powell Square Building one of the most infamous abandoned buildings in Saint Louis.
Many have claimed it the worst eyesore in the city, and many have tried to find ways in which this building can be rehabilitated. In the early 2000’s, the land was acquired, and plans were made in 2009 to transform the building into an arts center, and was called Chouteau’s Landing Art Center (CLAC). Since then, the radar has been quiet and no word has been said on why there is a standstill on the project. For now, it will continue to be a place of refuge for the homeless and a painting grounds for graffiti artists.
scale: 1” = 100’
350’-6”site extents
mississippi river
RT 55
Southwestern Railway
S. 2
nd S
tree
t
S. 1s
t Str
eet
S. L
eono
r K S
ulliv
an B
lvd
58
scale: 1” = 100’
350’-6”site extents
mississippi river
RT 55
Southwestern Railway
S. 2
nd S
tree
t
S. 1s
t Str
eet
S. L
eono
r K S
ulliv
an B
lvd
site research
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SESC Pompeia sao paolo, brazil
Founded in 1946, SESC (Servico Social do Comercio, Social Service of Commerce) is a non-profit institution acting throughout Brazil with the purpose of promoting culture and good-living among workers and traders and their families. From 1977 to 1986, Lina Bo Bardi transformed an old steel barrel factory into a “culture factory.” She turned old brick sheds into a place for events, workshops, exhibition spaces, and a library. SESC Pompeia also features an 800-seat theater as well as a “choperia” (cafeteria) which
is popular with the locals. In addition to renovating the sheds, Bo Bardi also built two new buildings that served as a gymnasium connected by footbridges. The spaces created are intended to spark activities that involve music, dance, cinema, theater, seminars, debates, etc. The inclusion of sports facilities is part of the organization’s aim of promoting health among the community.
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DogA | Jensen + Skodvinoslo, norway
The Norwegian Design and Architecture Center decided to inhabit an old transformatin station in 2003. The building, which faced additions and alterations from 1860 to 1980, held a particular character that the firm wanted to maintain and display.
Their theory of restoration and preservation was that the more architectural extraction that they could do, the more they would come close to a complex, more “natural” beauty. New additions inside are constructed an a very simple geometry and construction as a clear juxtaposition with the old building ruins.
70 Chelsea Marketnew york city, new york
In the 1890’s, what is now Chelsea Market was part of a block-long West Chelsea structure known as the National Biscuit Company, which made Animal Crackers, Oreos, Fig Newtons, to name a few. The Biscuit Company is long gone: in 1958, its complex of twenty-two structures with two-million square feet, was sold to investor Louis J. Glickman. Although the factory is gone, the culinary appeal has stayed; it is now home to the Food Network and is surrounded by high-end restaurants.
The combination of glass and brick and the juxtaposition of new and old have made Chelsea Market an attractive venue for tourists and locals alike to eat and shop. Many remnants of the factories are left, such as old floors, mosaics, and brick.
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...in keeping with the theme of industrial archeology that runs through his project, he wanted to showcase the damage, not conceal it.
Christopher Gray, NY Times on investor Irwin B. Cohen
“”
precedent studies
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Created from 5 ISO cargo containers, Platoon Berlin is the main headquarters, where retruitment takes place. Founded in 2000, Platoon is an interesting concept - a global network of creative talent, a community of creative professionals working transnationally.
networking and flexible spaces provide a relevent and engaging way for creative minds to collaborate. The flexible space can be used for events, exhibitions, workshop, and discussion. The stacked containers can be rebuilt and recycled anywhere.
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platoon kunsthalle platoon + graft architects
seoul, korea
Created from 28 ISO cargo containers, Platoon Kunsthalle represents flexible architecture in globalized culture. Opened in 2009, its program is simply a “space for subculture in Asia.” Located in the upscale neighborhood of Cheongdam, it confronts subculture in a neighborhood of high-end designer
Source: Archdaily.com
houses, creating tension between two worlds. Program elements revolve around different formats such as exhibitions, movie nights, concerts and multimedia performances, workshops, discussion panels, and special events.
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precedent studies
Designed by Spanish srtist Jaume Plensa, the Crown Fountain in Millennium Park is a major addition to the city’s art collection. The fountain is comprised of two 50-foot glass block towers at either end of a shallow reflecting pool. The
glass block towers project video images of 1,000 of Chicago’s citizens’ faces on LED screens. Referencing mythological gargoyles, the projected faces at times give the illusion of water spouting from their mouths.
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graffiti research lab (G.R.L)interactive architecture
Graffiti Research Lab (GRL) is a collective of graffiti artists that use open source techniques to convey another dimension of public graffiti art. Through open source codes on their website, they say that anyone
Photo Sources: Flickr
can create digital graffiti. In these examples, laser technology is combined with computer code to generate paint-like tags and artwork. Here, the message is made, but the tag remains a temporary projection.
Photo Sources: Flickr
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free avone, NYC laser tag (2008)
When graffiti artist AVONE was incarcerated on charges of vandalism, digital graffiti was created here to raise money for his bail.
Using a laptop, projector, cameras, and lasers, interactive graffiti projections were cast upon buildings. This was past of the GRL Rotterdam tour ‘L.A.S.E.R. TAG’ which lasted 60 weeks.
precedent studies
Photo Sources: Flickr
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bibliography Bru, Edward,e t al. Metapolis dictionary of advanced architecture: city technology, and society in the information age. Actar, 2003.
Franck, Karen & Stevens, Quentin (eds.) Loose Space: Possibility and diversity in urban life. London; New York: Routledge, 2007.
Macdonald, Nancy. The Graffiti Subculture: Youth, Masculinity, and Identity in London and New York. Houndsmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, and New York: Palgrave, 2001. Print.
Manco, Tristan, Lost Art, & Neelon, Caleb. Graffiti Brasil. New York: Thames & Hudson Inc., 2005. Mathieson, Eleanor. Street Art and the War on Terror. London: Rebellion Books, 2007.
Sommer, Robert. Social Design: Creating Buildings with People in Mind. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1983. Print.
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“An inside look: Powell Square.” Documenting the LifeSTyLe. December 10, 2010. Web. http://we-are-the-city.blogspot.com/2010/12/inside-look-powell-square.html
Campos, Cristian. 1,000 Ideas for Graffiti and Street Art: Murals, Tags, and More from Artists around the World. Rockport Publishers, 2011.
DogA / JSA. Archdaily. April 1, 2009. Web. http://www.archdaily.com/18245/doga-jsa/Hebdige, Dick. Subculture: The meaning of style. London; New York: Routledge, 1991. electronic.
“Eye heart STL!!” Vimeo.com. April 18, 2010. http://vimeo.com/11060792
Geobrand. “Berlin: Bottom-up urban regeneration - with a little help from the top.” Inpolis.com. October, 24, 2011. Web. http://blog.inpolis.com/2011/10/24/berlin-bottom-up-urban-regeneration-with-a-little-help-from-the-top/
Gray, Christopher. “From Oreos to Mallomars to today’s Chelsea Market.” The New York Times. August 7, 2005. Web. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/07/realestate/07scaphtml?pagewanted=all.
“Locals only: Peat Wollaeger - stencil graffiti artist.” The St. Louis Egotist. September 15, 2011. Web. http://www.thestlouisegotist.com/editorial/2011/september/15/locals-only-peat-wollaeger-stencil-graffiti-artist
Ohison, Kristin. Reading the writing on Pompeii’s walls. Smithsonian.com. July 27, 2010. Web.http://www.mithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/Reading-the-Writing-on-Pompeiis-Walls.html#ixzz0vSFKVJrZ
“Paint Louis.” n.d. http://www.peeniewallie.com/videos/paint_louis.swf
Pedersen, Samo. “Social Container Architecture.” August 15, 2011. Web. http://popupcity.net/2011/08/social-container-architecture/
Powell Square. Built St. Louis: the industrial city. n.d. Web. http://www.builtstlouis.net/industrial/powell-square.html
Russell, Stefene. “Mississippi river subcultures: riverfront mysteries.” St. Louis Magazine. May 2011. Web. February 14, 2012. http://www.stlmag.com/St-Louis-Magazine/May-2011/Mississippi-River-Subcultures-Riverfront-Mysteries/#
Screwed Arts Collective. http://www.screwedarts.com/
SESC Pompeia. Study Tour Brazil. n.d. Web. http://studytourbrazil.wordpress.com/sao-paulo/sesc-pompeia/
“St. Louis flood wall graffiti.” Doobybrain.com. April 30, 2011. http://www.doobybrain.com/2011/04/30/st-louis-flood-wall-graffiti/
digital / web
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image citations
Koes. Bassano del Grappa, ItalyCampos, Cristian. 1,000 Ideas for Graffiti and Street Art: Murals, Tags, and More from Artists around the World. Rockport Publishers, 2011. Page 14
Banksy, Lascaux Power washinghttp://supercubed.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/banksy-cave-painting.jpg
Graffiti Pie Charthttp://albotas.com/post/3067121959
Cave drawings, Lascaux, Francehttp://theshavedape.blogspot.com/2012/02/cave-of-forgotten-dreams.html
Pompeii graffitihttp://www.smithsonianmag.com/multimedia/photos/?c=y&articleID=99324199
Aswan, EgyptPersonal Photo
Dr. Hofman, Barcelona, SpainCampos, Cristian. ibid. Page 240
Flood wall, St. LouisPersonal Photo
Abandoned Summer “Kamp”http://www.saatyphotography.com/galleries/scenic-photography/arizona/
Computer simulation of bacteria growthhttp://www.generation5.org/content/2007/bacteria.asp
Krzysztof Wodiczko, Tijuanahttp://popartmachine.com/art/2009-MCAS.010CS005/Krzysztof+Wodiczko+Projection+On+The+Tijuana+Cultural+Center%2C+Tijuana%2C+Mexi
Roman forumhttp://mammamiaitalia.blogspot.com/2010/11/los-mercados-de-trajan-fueron.html
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page description
contents
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Platoon Kunsthalle, flea markethttp://www.travelandleisureasia.com/interests/interest_art/968610/platoon_kunsthalle_seoul.html
Krzysztof Wodiczko, Guests, Venicehttp://www.re-title.com/artists/Krzysztof-Wodiczko.asp
Façade printerhttp://www.designboom.com/weblog/cat/8/view/10048/facade-printer.html
Yarn bombinghttp://www.spearmintdecor.com/2011/06/yarnbombing/
Yarn bombinghttp://unearthingthespud.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/yarn-bomb1.jpg
Dance club interiorhttp://lorioross.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/DanceClub-3.jpg
Gallery opening gatheringhttp://www.ethertongallery.com/exhibitions/outofaclearbluesky/images/EthertonGalleryOpening.jpg
Runway model, Balmain Spring 2012 Collectionhttp://data.whicdn.com/images/15508153/001-balmain-rtw-spring2012-runway-002_13553932000-530x795_large.jpg
DJhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/61001751@N07/5565976264/sizes/l/in/photostream/
spray painterhttp://www.graffnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/photo-spray-painta.jpg
Jonathan Borofsky, studiohttp://www.percontra.net/Artists%20studio%20with%20Human%20Structures.jpg
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Musicianhttp://thethreewisemonkeys.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/1kun.jpg
Marina Abramovic Performance Arthttp://ikono.org/ikonotv/wp-content/uploads/MoMA+Celebrates+Marina+Abramovic+Artist+Present+LA35ZvWEDm6l.jpg
Krzysztof Wodiczko, Tijuanahttp://www.pbs.org/art21/files/images/wodiczko-video-009.jpg
Tech Conferencehttp://dpimg.ospos.net/contents/dd/seoul/dd_seoul.jpg
Women activistshttp://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/11546460-femen-topless-activists-face-jail-over-desecration-of-indian-flag
Conference, Berlin Cut & Pastehttp://www.wix.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/1808704801_84dcb8a504.jpg
Forum in Pompeiihttp://templerome.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/dsc02209.jpg
Powell Square Interior, collagehttp://www.ryanrarcher.com/index.php#mi=2&pt=1&pi=10000&s=26&p=2&a=0&at=0
Street view, Powell Square and ArchGoogle Earth Street view (original image)
collagehttp://thewallshaveteeth.net/topic/2244-st-louis-southwester-cotton-belt-freight-depot/
Aerial siteBing Maps
Laclede’s Landinghttp://media.connectingstlouis.com/500/lacledes-landing-st-louis-mo-014.jpg
Laclede’s Landing - view to archhttp://www.soulofamerica.com/content/images/265f508c4e700a3d318473180f0f3b70.jpg
Laclede’s Landing - horse carriagehttp://lacledeslanding.com/wp-content/uploads/lacledes-landing-horse-carriage-rides-sm.jpg
Arch grounds, parkhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/kmevans/447851607/sizes/z/in/photostream/
Aerial, arch groundshttp://aslathedirt.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/gatewayarch.jpg
Crowd in St Louis Downtown, Obama speechhttp://images.publicradio.org/content/2008/10/18/20081018_large_crowds_in_st_louis_33.jpg
Aerial site photosBing Maps
Aerial site photosGoogle Maps
Powell Square, view from highwayhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/11581147@N06/4420353179/
Powell Square, interiorhttp://www.ryanrarcher.com/index.php#mi=2&pt=1&pi=10000&s=27&p=2&a=0&at=0
Powell Square, view to Busch StadiumPersonal Photo
Powell Square, view to archPersonal Photo
Powell Square, view to railPersonal Photo
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Powell Square, exteriorPersonal Photo
Powell Square, exteriorPersonal Photo
Powell Square, interiorPersonal Photo
Powell Square, rooftop panoramaPersonal Photo
SESC Pompeia, concerthttp://www.flickr.com/photos/barretorodrigo/6995442347/
SESC Pompeia, caféhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/kuk/3356140979/
SESC Pompeiahttp://www.flickr.com/photos/stankuns/355072945/
http://centrefortheaestheticrevolution.blogspot.com/2011/12/lina-bo-bardi-sesc-pompeia-and-olafur.html
SESC Pompeiahttp://farm6.staticflickr.com/5217/5510960976_e83d165dbf_z.jpg
DogA Jensen + Skodvinhttp://www.archdaily.com/18245/doga-jsa/
Chelsea market, interiorhttp://www.z-mation.com/phpbb/files/ny_chelsea_market_4_136.jpg
http://www.flickr.com/photos/javicon/319308068/in/gallery-marketing-fabrik-72157624592984562/
Chelsea Market, exteriorhttp://www.placematters.net/files/places/Chelsea%20Market%2066403634086411296169.jpg
Graffiti Tunnelhttp://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Film/Pix/pictures/2010/3/1/1267453241316/Banksys-film-tunnel-in-Wa-001.jpg
Platoon, Berlin, exteriorhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/22935041@N08/5296643124
Platoon, Berlin, exteriorhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/41094142@N06/4168472379/in/pool-1536886@N23
Platoon, Berlin, exterior, viewing lawnhttp://www.milldev.com/clubs/platoon/platoon_b.jpg
Platoon Kunsthallehttp://www.archdaily.com/27386/platoon-kunsthalle-graft-architects/
Crown Fountain, Chicagohttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/_oFmRdF5L9J0/TJe3-gHg7OI/AAAAAAAADe8/r27xya9MoeU/s1600/fountain1.jpg
Crown Fountain, Chicagohttp://www.ganzelgroup.com/media/ph13.jpg
graffiti research lab - interactive architecturehttp://www.graffitiresearchlab.com/blog/interactive-architecture/
graffiti research lab - free avonehttp://www.graffitiresearchlab.com/blog/projects/free-avone/#video
graffiti research lab - laser taghttp://www.graffitiresearchlab.com/blog/projects/laser-tag/#video
Banksy, girl with balloonshttp://www.dogguie.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/pintura-edificios-23.jpg
page description
image citations [cont’d]