Design Procedure Jag

8/2/2019 Design Procedure Jag

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Design Procedure

1Art of constructing

2The art of directing great sourceof power in nature for use andconvenience of man


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Aesthetics

Apart from proper designing the productshould look good in order to impress thebuyer

Aesthetics is the set of principlesconcerning beauty of product duringdesigning


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Factors affecting Aesthetics

Shapes

Symmetry

Continuity Proportion

Style

Surface finish Colour


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Ergonomics

Ergon- work

Nomoi- natural laws

It is a scientific study between man andworking environment (tools, materialsused)

Its purpose is to find out the ways of

designing machine operations so that theyshould match the capabilities andlimitations of the man working on machine
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Aspects covered under Ergonomics

Communication between operator andmachine

Working environment

Human anatomy and posture duringoperation

Energy expenditure by hand or foot
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Manufacturing processes
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Primary shaping or forming process

Manufacturing a solid body from moltenGaseous state or from amorphous material

Forming tool contains a hollow space withallowance for contraction

Cohesion is normally created

Eg casting, powder metallurgy, plastictechnology
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Deforming process

Deforming process makes the use ofsuitable stresses like compression ,tension, shear or combined stresses to

cause plastic deformation of the materialsto produce required shapes withoutchanging its mass or material composition
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Deforming process

No material is removed but it is deformedand displaced

Eg forging , extrusion, rolling, sheet metalworking, rotary swanging,etc
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Machining

In this process material is removed fromthe unwanted region of the input materialby providing the suitable relative motions

between work piece and tool

Eg

Turning, grinding, shaping and planing,drilling,


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Joining processes

In this two or more metal pieces arecombined to form sub assembly or finalproduct by fusing , pressing, riveting,

Eg

Welding, brazing, soldering
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Brazing


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soldering


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Surface finishing process

These processes are utilized to achievethe intended surface finish on the metalsurface of a job

Dimension of the part hardly changes

Eg

Plastic coating, metallic coating, organicfinishes, anodizing,


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Material properties modificationprocesses

Material properties of material arechanged in order to achieve the desirablecharacteristics in metals without changing

the shape

Eg

Heat and surface treatment, anneling,stress reliving


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Welding

Welding is the procedure of joining similarmetals by application of heat with orwithout application of pressure and

addition of filler material

Weldability is defined as capacity of beingwelded into inseparable joints having

specified properties such as definite weldstrength, proper structure , etc


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Types of welding

welding

Plastic/pressurewelding

Fusion /Non pressurewelding
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Plastic/pressure welding

The piece of metal to be joined are heatedto a plastic state and then forced togetherby external pressure

Types of Plastic/pressure
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Types ofPlastic/pressurewelding

Plastic/pressurewelding

forge resistance thermit gas

Types of Fusion /Non pressure
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Types of Fusion /Non pressurewelding

Fusion /Non pressurewelding

Gas Arc Thermit
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Cold welding

Joints are produced without application ofheat but by applying pressure whichresults in intersurfase molecular fusion of

parts to be joined

Mainly used for non ferrous metal sheets
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Resistance welding


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ARC WELDING
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TAGS/TIG/GTAW


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TAGS/TIG/GTAW


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MAGS/MIG/GMAW


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SPOT WELDING


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SPOT WELDING


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SEAM WELDING


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SEAM WELDING


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BENDING


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BENDING

Sheet metal work strained around a straightaxis.

Metal on the inside of neutral axis iscompressed.

Metal on the outside of neutral axis is stretched . Metal is plastically deformed so that bend is

permanent. There is no change in thickness .

Deformed shape tends to change a little afterforce acting on it is taken out . This is known asSPRING BACK effect.
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TYPES OF BENDING

V-BENDING :Sheet metal is bent between V-

shape die & punch

Acute & obtuse angles can bemade with V dies
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Edge bending

Design Procedure Jag

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