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Design Methodologies for Embedded Systems(Research Area M3)(Research Area M3)
Vittorio Cortellessa, Luigi Pomante
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting
L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Overview
• Introduction
• Research Lines– Model-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems
• Non-functional validation of HW/SW systems
• Non-functional models in Model-Driven Architecture
• Model-Driven HW/SW Co-Design• Model-Driven HW/SW Co-Design
• Projects– PRESTO
– VISION
– CRAFTERS
– EMC2
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research Area M3
Introduction
Research Group
• V. Cortellessa– Research Area Responsible
– Research Line Responsible (MDE for ES)
• L. Pomante– Research Line Responsible (ES Rapid Protoyping)
– Project Responsible
• The Core Team– L. Berardinelli, C. Trubiani, P. Pelliccione
– M. Colizza, F. Federici
– H. Muccini, I. Malavolta
– F. Santucci, M. Pugliese, S. Marchesani
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research Area
• Embedded systems are pervasive in today’s products
and grow at an impressive pace
– Their growing complexity (multi/many cores, heterogeneous, reconfigurable, cyber-physical, etc…) could represent soon an unmanageable limit for the designer
• This research area focuses on design methodologies for • This research area focuses on design methodologies for embedded systems evolving towards the adoption of model-
based approaches at increasingly higher abstraction levels
• Two main research lines
– Embedded Systems Rapid Prototyping
– Model-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research Area M3
Research Lines
Research Lines
• Model-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems
– This research line is about customizing classic Model-Driven Engineering approaches to embedded systems development
• In particular, DEWS is focusing on
– Model transformations targeting reconfigurable heterogeneous
distributed/parallel HW/SW platformsdistributed/parallel HW/SW platforms
– Verification & Validation for functional and non-functional properties
– Electronic System Level (ESL) Design Space Exploration that leads to
HW/SW partitioning, architecture definition and mapping
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research LinesModel-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems
• Non-functional validation of HW/SW systems
HW/SW domain is intrinsically distant from non-functional analysis one
requirement
architecture
designspecification
implementation response time
operational profile
workload
throughput recovery latency
Reluctance to embed non-functional modeling
and analysis in the HW/SW development process
requirementfailure probability
HW/SW modelingNon-functional analysis
Bayesian Belief Network
MarkovianModel
Stochastic Process Algebra
StochasticPetri Net
Queuing Network
“Human made” (ad-hoc) non-functional models:
difficult to achieve and prone to errors
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research LinesModel-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems
• Non-functional validation of HW/SW systems
A new vision in non-functional validation (1998-today)
Introducing automation
to generate
non-functional models
from SW/HW models
Basic SW/HW
Model
(original notation)Validation of
Functional from SW/HW models
Big effort devoted to design
model transformations having
performance/reliability/...
models as targets
(original notation)
Additional
Information:
model
annotations
Ready-to-validate
Non-Functional
Model
(usually new
notation)
Functional
Requirements
Validation of
Non-Functional
Requirements
Missing data to be embedded in a SW/HW model for NF validation
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research LinesModel-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems
• Non-functional models in Model-Driven Architecture
security
availability
CIM
PIM
PSM
CIRM
PIRM
PSRM
reliability
Annotation and
transformation
Annotation and
transformation
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research LinesModel-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems
• Model-Driven HW/SW Co-Design
– Electronic System Level (ESL) Design Space Exploration that leads to HW/SW partitioning, architecture definition and mapping
System
Behaviour
Specification
Use/Test
Cases
TimingConstraints
System-Level Flow
Functional
Simulation
Co-AnalysisCo-Estimation
Processors
Memories
Interconnections
DataLibrary
- Affinity- Timing
- Size
- Concurrency
- Load
- Bandwidth
HW/SW
Partitioningand Architecture
Definition
TimingCo-Simulation
Design Space Exploration
Algorithm-Level
Flow
ArchitecturalConstraints
Scheduling
Directives
System-Level Flow
Hetrogeneous
Parallel
Dedicated
System
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research Area M3
Projects
Research Area M3
Projects
PRESTO
Improvements of Industrial Real Time Embedded Systems Development Process
Artemis-JU ASP
Projects
• PRESTO
– PRESTO addresses improvements on test-based embeddedsystems development, while considering industrial constraints
• This project is based on the integration of
– test-traces obtained during software integration phase
– application and HW/SW platform models– application and HW/SW platform models
– design space exploration techniques
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Projects
• PRESTO
– DEWS has been working on trace-based non-functionalanalysis of software/hardware systems, with a particularemphasis on properties specification and performanceassessment
• We have been working in a formal model-driven context in order • We have been working in a formal model-driven context in order
to investigate how model-driven support can be useful to overcome
non-functional limitations of hardware/software systems
– In particular, we have worked within the fUML (i.e. foundational UML,
a recent OMG standard) modeling notation that, while keeping the
standard characterization of UML, provides a subset of UML
diagrams that can be formally analyzed to show how the analysis of
certain NFPs can be performed solely based on UML models
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Projects
• PRESTO– Thereafter, we have studied how to combine fUML and Profiles
for non-functional analysis based on model execution traces
• In particular, we have introduced a framework for bridging the gap between executable fUML models and UML profiled applications that are required for model-based analysis using a dedicated integration layerintegration layer
– Finally, other relevant ongoing activities are related to the integration of the proposed trace-based non-functional analysis approach with automatic HW/SW mapping techniques
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research Area M3
Projects
VISION
Video-oriented UWB-based Intelligent Ubiquitous Sensing
FP7 "Ideas" Specific Programme (European Research Council Staring Grant Agreement)
Projects
• VISION
– VISION proposes to develop an innovative infrastructure for strengthening future wireless sensor networks (WSN) with the capability of supporting intelligent services for ubiquitous sensing, with particular emphasis on real-time 3D video sensing
• VISION adopts a dynamic QoS management that relay on a specific • VISION adopts a dynamic QoS management that relay on a specific
middleware which links together all HW components of the system
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Projects
• VISION
– The main contribution of DEWS is related to the MW layer
• Development of a mobile-agent MW based on an existing one (i.e.
Agilla) that has been ported (i.e. from TinyOS 1.x to TinyOS 2.x)
and enhanced (Agilla 2.0) to provide
– resource monitoring and reconfiguration support to the VISION QoS – resource monitoring and reconfiguration support to the VISION QoS
Manager
– advanced audio services to be integrated in the VISION WSN
– advanced WSN security services
» i.e. cryptography and Intrusion Detection
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Projects
• VISION
– Moreover, the Agilla Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) has been characterized with respect to timing and energy consumption to allow proper UML-based modeling and simulation activities
• In particular, we have experimented the fUML environment for the
non-functional analysis of Wireless Sensor Network applications to non-functional analysis of Wireless Sensor Network applications to
extend an existing UML-based approach for the design and code
generation of Agilla applications with functional simulation and
timing analysis capabilities through executable UML models
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research Area M3
Projects
CRAFTERSConstraint and Application Driven Framework for Tailoring Embedded Real-time Systems
Artemis-JU ASP
Projects
• CRAFTERS
– CRAFTERS faces the problem that european ICT-based serviceand product innovation is curtailed by the growing vertical chainof dependence on poorly interoperable proprietary technologies
• Service and product development efforts are high with many
uncertainties and industry is discouraged from engaging in suchuncertainties and industry is discouraged from engaging in such
ventures
– For this, CRAFTERS proposes a computing environment formany-core systems derived from vertical domains that willenable the evolution to horizontal domains by providing commonmethods, tools and reference platforms for embedded real-timemany-core applications
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Projects
• CRAFTERS
– DEWS has been working on the architectural design of avalidation suite for embedded SW, and on the performance-based selection of system features under uncertainty
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Projects
• CRAFTERS
– Another ongoing activity is related to the exploitation of an existing framework (i.e. DUALLy) to create interoperability among diferent modeling notations
– Finally, since CRAFTERS is related also to HW development on FPGA, DEWS has contributed to the development of
• HW mechanisms to support profiling for metrics evaluation
• one of the reference many-core platforms to be used in the
development of projects demonstrators
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research Area M3
Projects
EMC2
Embedded multi-core systems for mixed criticality applications in dynamic and changeable real-time
environments
Artemis-JU AIPP
Projects
• EMC2
– EMC2 project is just started (April 2014)
• It focuses on the industrialization of European research outcomes
and builds on the results of previous ARTEMIS, European and
National projects
– It provides the paradigm shift to a new and sustainable system– It provides the paradigm shift to a new and sustainable system
architecture which is suitable to handle open dynamic systems
• EMC² is part of the European Embedded Systems industry strategy
to maintain its leading edge position by providing solutions for
– dynamic adaptability in open systems
– utilization of expensive system features only as service-on-demand
– handling of mixed criticality applications under real-time conditions,
scalability and utmost flexibility
– full scale deployment and management of integrated tool chains
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Projects
• EMC2
– The main contributions of DEWS will be related to
• the development of a MW for service interoperability support
• the definition and the integration of innovative design space
exploration approaches
• the evaluation (in collaboration with Thales Alenia Space Italy) of• the evaluation (in collaboration with Thales Alenia Space Italy) of
different multi-core HW/SW architectures on FPGA platforms and
related development methodologies to assess their suitability for
space mixed-criticality applications
DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014
Research Area M3
That’s all Folks!
Any questions?