MPD 575 DESIGN FOR QUALITYDESIGN FOR QUALITY

Developed By:Sam AbihanaSam AbihanaIon FurtunaIon Furtuna

Adithya RajagopalAdithya Rajagopal

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

DefinitionDefinition of Quality of Quality What is What is DFQDFQ How DFQ fits into the Ford How DFQ fits into the Ford

PD processPD process DFQ Process FlowDFQ Process Flow Example of DFQ Applied to the Seat Example of DFQ Applied to the Seat

SystemSystem

DEFINITION OF QUALITYDEFINITION OF QUALITY

The Customer defines Quality The Customer defines Quality Our customers want Our customers want products and services that throughout their lives meet their products and services that throughout their lives meet their needs and expectations at a cost that represents value – Ford needs and expectations at a cost that represents value – Ford Quality PolicyQuality Policy

Fitness for use (Fitness is defined by the customer) – J.M. Juran Fitness for use (Fitness is defined by the customer) – J.M. Juran

The totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its The totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs – ISO 8402ability to satisfy stated and implied needs – ISO 8402

The loss a product imposes on society after it is shipped – The loss a product imposes on society after it is shipped – TaguchiTaguchi

A subjective term for which each person has his or her own A subjective term for which each person has his or her own definition – American Society for Qualitydefinition – American Society for Quality

DESIGN FOR QUALITY (DFQ)DESIGN FOR QUALITY (DFQ)

Quality is intrinsic to a design and is dependent on:Quality is intrinsic to a design and is dependent on: Choice of system architectureChoice of system architecture Robustness of execution during the PD processRobustness of execution during the PD process

Quality is primarily associated with two aspects i.e. Quality is primarily associated with two aspects i.e. functional performance and customer perceptionfunctional performance and customer perception

DFQ is the disciplined application of engineering tools and DFQ is the disciplined application of engineering tools and concepts with the goal of achieving robust design concepts with the goal of achieving robust design development and definition in the PD processdevelopment and definition in the PD process

The DFQ process allows the engineer to: identify, plan-for The DFQ process allows the engineer to: identify, plan-for and manage factors that impact system robustness and and manage factors that impact system robustness and reliability upfront in the design processreliability upfront in the design process

DESIGN FOR QUALITY (DFQ)DESIGN FOR QUALITY (DFQ)

Common product design tools associated with Common product design tools associated with DFQ, and discussed in this presentation, are:DFQ, and discussed in this presentation, are: Boundary DiagramsBoundary Diagrams Interface MatrixInterface Matrix Parameter Diagram (P-Diagram)Parameter Diagram (P-Diagram) Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (DFMEA)Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (DFMEA) Reliability Checklist (RCL)Reliability Checklist (RCL) Reliability Demonstration Matrix (RDM)Reliability Demonstration Matrix (RDM) Design Verification Plan (DVP)Design Verification Plan (DVP)

The engineering concepts associated with the tools The engineering concepts associated with the tools identified above are based on proven methods identified above are based on proven methods which can be applied across a variety of industrieswhich can be applied across a variety of industries

DFQ IN THE FORD PD PROCESS DFQ IN THE FORD PD PROCESS (GPDS)(GPDS)

UN V0UN V0 UN V1UN V1 UN V2UN V2 M1DJM1DJ

PHASES IN UNDERBODY DEVELOPMENTPHASES IN UNDERBODY DEVELOPMENT

UP V0UP V0 UP V1UP V1 UP V2UP V2 FDJFDJ

PHASES IN UPPERBODY PHASES IN UPPERBODY DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

UN V0/UP V0: Boundary Diagram/Interface Analysis/P-Diagram/DFMEA/RDM/RCL UN V0/UP V0: Boundary Diagram/Interface Analysis/P-Diagram/DFMEA/RDM/RCL initiated. Quality History review and documentation completedinitiated. Quality History review and documentation completed

UN V1/UP V1: Boundary Diagram/Interface Analysis/P-Diagram/DFMEA/RDM/RCL UN V1/UP V1: Boundary Diagram/Interface Analysis/P-Diagram/DFMEA/RDM/RCL updatedupdated

UN V2/UP V2: Disciplines completed, DFMEA updated with recommend actionsUN V2/UP V2: Disciplines completed, DFMEA updated with recommend actions

M1DJ: Under Body Engineering Freeze/SignoffM1DJ: Under Body Engineering Freeze/Signoff

FDJ: Upper Body Engineering Freeze/Signoff FDJ: Upper Body Engineering Freeze/Signoff

DFQ PROCESS FLOWDFQ PROCESS FLOW

PFMEA CONTROL PLAN

PROCESS DESIGN

BOUNDARY DIAGRAM

INTERFACE MATRIX

P-DIAGRAM

DFMEARELIABILITY CHECKLIST

ROBUSTNESS DEMONSTRATION

MATRIXDVP

PRODUCT DESIGN

BOUNDARY DIAGRAMBOUNDARY DIAGRAM

What?What? Defines the scope of the system being studiedDefines the scope of the system being studied Identifies components that are internal to the Identifies components that are internal to the

systemsystem Identifies system-system, system-human and Identifies system-system, system-human and

system-environment interfaces (External system-environment interfaces (External Components)Components)

Defines the scope of the DFMEA i.e. elements Defines the scope of the DFMEA i.e. elements within the boundarywithin the boundary

Indicates the nature of all interface relationshipsIndicates the nature of all interface relationships Represents all of the above in a clear graphical Represents all of the above in a clear graphical

mannermanner

BOUNDARY DIAGRAMBOUNDARY DIAGRAM

Why?Why? Provide a disciplined approach to ensuring all Provide a disciplined approach to ensuring all

system interfaces are considered at design system interfaces are considered at design initiationinitiation

Understand the nature of interface relationships Understand the nature of interface relationships i.e. i.e. Physically touching (P)Physically touching (P) Energy transfer (E)Energy transfer (E) Information transfer (I)Information transfer (I) Material exchange (M)Material exchange (M)

Communication tool which facilitates team Communication tool which facilitates team understanding and collaborationunderstanding and collaboration

BOUNDARY DIAGRAMBOUNDARY DIAGRAM

How?How? Identify components within the system as blocksIdentify components within the system as blocks Establish relationships between the various blocksEstablish relationships between the various blocks Establish relationships between system components Establish relationships between system components

and other systems, including customer inputand other systems, including customer input Construct a boundary line around what is best Construct a boundary line around what is best

included within the analysis of the systemincluded within the analysis of the system Boundary diagram analysis should follow system Boundary diagram analysis should follow system

hierarchy down to the desired sub-system, hierarchy down to the desired sub-system, component levelcomponent level

P.8+E

P.2.1+E

OCCUPANT

Wiring Harness(Vehicle)

Head Restraint Assembly

ReclinersSeat Buckle

Asy

TrackAsy

Seat Cushion Asy

Door TrimPanel

P.2.2+E

Floor Pan

P.2.1+EP.4+E

Seat Back Cushion Asy

P.6+E

Cushion Pan Asy

Back Frame Asy

Lumbar Asy

P.4+E

P.8

P.5+E

P.4+E

P.5+E

P.5+E

P.5+E

SEAT SYSTEM BOUNDARY SEAT SYSTEM BOUNDARY DIAGRAMDIAGRAM

P.2.1+E

P.8+E

Relative Motion Sub Assembly  

Clearance Boundary of Analysis  

No Motion Internal Component  

Occupant Interaction

Directed or External Component

 

P Physically touching P.3 Sewing P.8 Interfacing not joined

P.1 Adhesive P.4 Rotational E Energy Transfer

P.2.1 Fastener - Bolt P.5 Snap Fit I Information exchange

P.2.2 Fastener - Screw P.6 Weld M Material exchange

P.2.3 Fastener - Rivet P.7 Crimp (Hog ring, …)

BOUNDARY DIAGRAM LEGENDBOUNDARY DIAGRAM LEGEND

INTERFACE MATRIXINTERFACE MATRIX

What?What? Provides a supplemental analysis of the boundary diagramProvides a supplemental analysis of the boundary diagram Quantifies the strength of system interactions Quantifies the strength of system interactions Provides input to the Potential Effects of Failure and Provides input to the Potential Effects of Failure and

Severity column of the DFMEASeverity column of the DFMEA Robustness linkage to the P-DiagramRobustness linkage to the P-Diagram

Positive interactions may be captured on the P-Diagram as Positive interactions may be captured on the P-Diagram as input signals or output functionsinput signals or output functions

Negative interactions may be captured on the P-Diagram as Negative interactions may be captured on the P-Diagram as input noise or error statesinput noise or error states

Why?Why? Cross-check boundary diagram interfacesCross-check boundary diagram interfaces Verify positive interactionsVerify positive interactions Manage negative interactions for robustnessManage negative interactions for robustness

INTERFACE MATRIXINTERFACE MATRIX

How?How? List all elements within the boundary diagram and all List all elements within the boundary diagram and all

elements that interface across the boundary in the left elements that interface across the boundary in the left most column of the Interface Matrix sheetmost column of the Interface Matrix sheet

Fill the 4 quadrants (Q1-Q4) representing the interface Fill the 4 quadrants (Q1-Q4) representing the interface relationship (P, E, M, I) between the elements of the relationship (P, E, M, I) between the elements of the Boundary Diagram with a rating from -2 to +2Boundary Diagram with a rating from -2 to +2

22 = Necessary for function= Necessary for function 11 = Beneficial but not absolutely necessary for function= Beneficial but not absolutely necessary for function 00 = Does not affect functionality= Does not affect functionality-1-1 = Causes negative effects but does not affect = Causes negative effects but does not affect

functionalityfunctionality-2-2 = Must be prevented to achieve functionality= Must be prevented to achieve functionality

WARNING!!!! Do not enter values into the grayed out area. Only enter areas into the white area. When values are entered into the white area, the corresponding gray side will automatically be entered.

0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 2 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 -2 0 0 0 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 2 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 02 2 -2 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 -1 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 02 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 2 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LUMBAR ASY

CSHN PAN ASY

BACK FRAME ASY

TRACK ASY

SEAT BUCKLE ASY

SEAT CSHN ASY

RECLINERS

SEAT BACK CSHN ASY

HEAD RESTRAINT ASY

OCCUPANT

DOOR TRIM PNL

FLOOR PAN

WIRING HARNESS

BA

CK

FR

AM

E A

SY

TR

AC

K A

SY

SE

AT

BU

CK

LE

AS

Y

LU

MB

AR

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SE

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BA

CK

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HN

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RE

CL

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RS

HE

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INT

AS

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CS

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PA

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DO

OR

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NL

OC

CU

PA

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FL

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WIR

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HA

RN

ES

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PP EEII MM

P-DIAGRAMP-DIAGRAM

What?What? A graphical tool to identify the operating A graphical tool to identify the operating

environment in robustness focused environment in robustness focused analysisanalysis

Provides a structured method to identify:Provides a structured method to identify: Intended Inputs (Signals)Intended Inputs (Signals) Intended Outputs (Ideal Function)Intended Outputs (Ideal Function) Unintended Inputs (Noise Factors)Unintended Inputs (Noise Factors) Unintended Outputs (Error States)Unintended Outputs (Error States) Design Controllable Factors Design Controllable Factors

P-DIAGRAMP-DIAGRAM

What?What?Noise factors are classified as:Noise factors are classified as: Demand related noise which are external to the Demand related noise which are external to the

designdesign Piece-to-Piece Variation (N1)Piece-to-Piece Variation (N1) Changes Over Time (N2)Changes Over Time (N2)

Capacity related noises which are internal to the Capacity related noises which are internal to the designdesign Customer Usage (N3)Customer Usage (N3) External Environment (N4)External Environment (N4) System Interactions (N5)System Interactions (N5)

P-DIAGRAMP-DIAGRAM

Why?Why? Brainstorming tool that supports Brainstorming tool that supports

downstream noise factor downstream noise factor management strategies (RCL) and management strategies (RCL) and verification methods (RDM/DV)verification methods (RDM/DV)

Links to the Function, Potential Links to the Function, Potential Failure Mode and Potential Effect of Failure Mode and Potential Effect of Failure columns of the DFMEAFailure columns of the DFMEA

P-DIAGRAMP-DIAGRAM

How?How? P-Diagrams should support the scope of the system defined in P-Diagrams should support the scope of the system defined in

the Boundary Diagramthe Boundary Diagram

Input & Output Signals: Identified in terms of physics as Input & Output Signals: Identified in terms of physics as positive interactions in the Interface Matrixpositive interactions in the Interface Matrix

Noise Factors (N1-N5) & Error States: Identified in terms of Noise Factors (N1-N5) & Error States: Identified in terms of physics as negative interactions in the Interface Matrix. physics as negative interactions in the Interface Matrix. Brainstorming should be applied to supplement identification Brainstorming should be applied to supplement identification of Noise Factorsof Noise Factors

Error States: Undesired function. Quality History should be Error States: Undesired function. Quality History should be used to supplement identification of error statesused to supplement identification of error states

Control Factors: List of design factors that can be controlled in Control Factors: List of design factors that can be controlled in design i.e. materials, dimensions, location etc.design i.e. materials, dimensions, location etc.

SEAT SYSTEM P-DIAGRAMSEAT SYSTEM P-DIAGRAM

N5System

Interaction

N2Change over Time

N3Customer Usage

N4External Environment

a) Nominal density and ILD of foam (330N, 50 kg/m3)

b)Seat design width (mm)

N1Piece to Piece

a) Variation in foam ILD (+/- 15% N)b) Seath width (+/- mm)

a) Occupant weight (lbs)

Error States

Control Factors

a) Sag >25mm after speified cycles

DR TRIM PANEL - CUSH ASYb) Toleranced seat width exceeds packaging zone reqmts (mm)

a) Driver cushion must pass 200,000 jounce cycles perpendicular to the cushion at 90cpm with sag <25mm

b) Seat width must be within the packagaing zones (mm)

Input SignalIdeal Function OutputNoise Factors

1st Row Seat Asy

OCCUPANT - CUSH ASYa) Occupant jounce load of 50th percentile male butt form loaded to 200 lbs

b) Seat wideline packaging zone (Y-Plane coordinates)

DFMEADFMEA

What?What? A tool which supports activities that A tool which supports activities that

recognize and evaluate potential recognize and evaluate potential failure modes of a product and its failure modes of a product and its effectseffects

Identifies actions which could reduce Identifies actions which could reduce or eliminate the chances of the failure or eliminate the chances of the failure occurringoccurring

Documents the analysis processDocuments the analysis process

DFMEADFMEA

Why?Why? Improve the quality of product evaluation Improve the quality of product evaluation

by applying a standardized method by applying a standardized method Determine how failure modes will be Determine how failure modes will be

avoided in designavoided in design Allows the engineer to recognize high Allows the engineer to recognize high

priority/high impact failure modes and priority/high impact failure modes and prevent them from occurringprevent them from occurring

Improve the robustness of the DVP and Improve the robustness of the DVP and process control plansprocess control plans

P-P-DiDiagagraramm

LinkageLinkage

BoundaryBoundary

DiagramDiagram

LinkageLinkage

InterfaceInterface

MatrixMatrix

LinkageLinkage

DFMEA: ROBUSTNESS LINKAGESDFMEA: ROBUSTNESS LINKAGES

DFMEA: HOW?DFMEA: HOW?

77 55 44

SEAT CUSHIONSupport 200Kjounce cycles(90cpm) of 50thpercentile malebutt formloaded to 200lbswith seat sag <25mm

Seat sag >25mm Poor appearanceCustomer discomfort

55 Inadequate foamdensity and ILD

33 D: DV Jounce Testing

22 3030

SEAT SYSTEM: DFMEASEAT SYSTEM: DFMEA

ROBUSTNESS CHECKLIST (RCL)ROBUSTNESS CHECKLIST (RCL)

What?What? Captures noise factors and error states Captures noise factors and error states

identified in the P-Diagramidentified in the P-Diagram

Identifies areas that require design based Identifies areas that require design based noise factor management strategies noise factor management strategies

Indicates verification methods which Indicates verification methods which provide the ability to test for the error provide the ability to test for the error states associated with the noise factorsstates associated with the noise factors

ROBUSTNESS CHECKLIST (RCL)ROBUSTNESS CHECKLIST (RCL)

Why?Why? Initiate team discussion regarding noise factor Initiate team discussion regarding noise factor

management strategy (NFMS) and robust management strategy (NFMS) and robust verificationverification

Focus on noise factors which have the highest Focus on noise factors which have the highest impact on system robustnessimpact on system robustness

Understand the correlation between the error states Understand the correlation between the error states and associated noise factorsand associated noise factors

Assist robust verification by identifying noise factors Assist robust verification by identifying noise factors which are currently not captured by existing DVM’swhich are currently not captured by existing DVM’s

ROBUSTNESS CHECKLIST (RCL)ROBUSTNESS CHECKLIST (RCL)

HIG

H IM

PA

CT

ER

RO

R S

TA

TE

S

VM TYPE

I I I

H H H

G G G

F F Cat Strategy F

E E I Change Technology E

D D II Apply Parameter Design D C C III Upgrade Design Spec. C B B IV Reduce / Remove Noise B

A A V Add Compensation Device A

VI Disguise / Divert HIGH IMPACT

A B C D E F G H I NFMS Descriptions

NOISE 1: Piece to Piece Variation

NOISE 2: Change Over Time

NOISE 3: Customer Usage

NOISE 4: External Environment

NOISE 5: System Interaction

VERIFICATION METHODSIDEAL FUNCTIONS

10 years and/or 150,000 miles [3600 life cyles]

ERROR STATES

Metric Range

MANAGEMENT STRATEGY (NFMS)

NOISE FACTOR

USEFUL LIFE PERIOD

B - BogeyD - DegradationF - Failure

VM Types

Strong =Weak =None = |

Interaction/Test Method

RCL: HOW?RCL: HOW?Step 1: Choose ideal functionsStep 1: Choose ideal functions

Step 2: Choose focused error statesStep 2: Choose focused error states

Step 3: List associated noise factorsStep 3: List associated noise factors

Step 4: DefineStep 4: Define

metric and metric and

range forrange for

each noise each noise

factorfactor

Step 5: Assess strength Step 5: Assess strength

of correlationof correlation

between error state between error state

and noise factorand noise factor

Step 6: Define NFMSStep 6: Define NFMS

Step 7: List Step 7: List

applicable applicable

DVM’sDVM’s

Step 8: Use an X Step 8: Use an X

to show to show

error states error states

identified identified

by DVM. Identifyby DVM. Identify

High Impact DVM’sHigh Impact DVM’s

Step 9: Use an X Step 9: Use an X

to show to show

noise factors noise factors

included in theincluded in the

DVMDVM

SEAT SYSTEM: RCLSEAT SYSTEM: RCL

1 2 3 4 5

HIG

H IM

PA

CT

ER

RO

R S

TA

TE

S

B D VM TYPE

I I I

H H H

G G G

F F Cat Strategy F

E E I Change Technology E

D D II Apply Parameter Design D C C III Upgrade Design Spec. C B B IV Reduce / Remove Noise B

A Sag >25mm within 200K jounce cycles A V Add Compensation Device A X XVI Disguise / Divert HIGH X IMPACT

A B C D E F G H I NFMS Descriptions

NOISE 1: Piece to Piece Variation

IIINOISE 2: Change Over Time

NOISE 3: Customer UsageIII X

NOISE 4: External Environment

NOISE 5: System Interaction

I

Must complete 200K (90 cpm) jounce cycles of 50% male butt form loaded to 200lbs with sag <25mm

Sea

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m J

ou

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Du

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ility

MANAGEMENT STRATEGY (NFMS)

Increase foam density

10 years and/or 150,000 miles [3600 life cyles]

Occupant weight (95th percentile) lbs 150-215 Increase foam ILD (N)

ERROR STATESNOISE FACTOR

Dri

ve D

ura

bili

ty

Metric Range

Variation in foam density kg/m3 45-55

VERIFICATION METHODSIDEAL FUNCTIONS

USEFUL LIFE PERIOD

B - BogeyD - DegradationF - Failure

VM Types

Strong =Weak =None = |

Interaction/Test Method

RDM/DVPRDM/DVP

What?What? Planning tool that documents:Planning tool that documents:

Design Verification Methods (DVM) Design Verification Methods (DVM) Level TestedLevel Tested Acceptance CriteriaAcceptance Criteria Test Timing Test Timing

RDM is a subset of the DVP that additionally RDM is a subset of the DVP that additionally documents:documents: Failure Mode (Hard or Soft)Failure Mode (Hard or Soft) DVM for select tests specified by the RCLDVM for select tests specified by the RCL Noise Factors being tested Noise Factors being tested Robustness targets in relation to customer expected Robustness targets in relation to customer expected

function. Targets of R/C (R90/C90) are not acceptablefunction. Targets of R/C (R90/C90) are not acceptable

RDM/DVPRDM/DVP

Why?Why? Demonstrates that components/systems fulfill Demonstrates that components/systems fulfill

reliability requirements identified in the RCL reliability requirements identified in the RCL Provides a forum to review the high impact error Provides a forum to review the high impact error

states and noise factors that affect the system states and noise factors that affect the system along with the identified DVM to prove out their along with the identified DVM to prove out their systemsystem

Structured documentation of verification test Structured documentation of verification test plans and timingplans and timing

Provides single point summary of test plansProvides single point summary of test plans

RDM: HOW?RDM: HOW?

VM # VM Description VM Target High Impact Error Description Metric Range Demonstrated Result

Risk (R/YG) Issues Comp. Date

1DVM: Seat Jounce

DurabilitySag <25mm Sag >25mm 1 Variation in foam density kg/m3 45-55

High Impact Noise factors

FROM RCLFROM RCL

DVP: HOW?DVP: HOW?

Date revised:

Program Supplier Product Development Engineer STA EngineerPart Name Part Number Product Development Manager Chief Program Engineer

DesignLevel

Tested Required Tested Sched. Actual Sched. Actual

1 DV 3 3 1/1/2007Seat Cushion: Jounce the seat at 90 cycles per minute + /- 10%, perpendicular tothe CP of the seating surface with a 50% male size butt form loaded to 900 N (200 lb) as defined in DVM-0036-ST v9. Cushion samples to be

tested at 45 and 55 kg/m3

densities per RDM.

Sag <25mm after completion of 200K jounce cycles on 3 consecutive samples

DESIGN VERIFICATION PLAN

Item #

Test Name/Source RemarksAcceptance CriteriaTest Results

(incl. Pass/Fail) (Ref. Test Report #)

Sample Size Start TimingCompletion

Timing